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Jurnal Medik Veteriner
Published by Universitas Airlangga
ISSN : 26157497     EISSN : 2581012X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Veterinary
urnal Medik Veteriner (JMV) publishes high quality and novelty papers focusing on Veterinary and Animal Science. The fields of study are anatomy, pathology, basic medicine, veterinary public health, microbiology, veterinary reproduction, parasitology, animal husbandry and animal welfare. Food animals, companion animals, equine medicine, aquatic animal, wild animals, herbal medicine, acupuncture, epidemiology, biomolecular, forensic, laboratory animals and animal models of human infections are considered. Jurnal Medik Veteriner (JMV) published two times a year: April and October.
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Articles 394 Documents
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Bone marrow adiposity as an early marker of maternal recovery after preconception protein deficiency in rats with Spirulina supplementation: An experimental study Elma Alfiah; Sri Anna Marliyati; Mira Dewi; Mokhamad Fahrudin
Jurnal Medik Veteriner Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): October
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jmv.vol9.iss2.2026.330-347

Abstract

Preconception protein deficiency can impair maternal physiological adaptation during pregnancy and lactation; however, recovery during nutritional repletion remains poorly understood. Despite this limited understanding, few studies have assessed integrated maternal responses, particularly bone marrow adiposity alongside hepatic and mammary adaptation. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate whether Spirulina-assisted protein recovery can restore maternal metabolic adaptation, using bone marrow adiposity as a skeletal marker of nutritional stress and a novel indicator of maternal recovery. Female rats were subjected to a protein-deficient diet for 5 weeks before mating and allocated to five groups (n = 5/group), followed by protein repletion with or without Spirulina supplementation from gestational day 1 to postpartum day 7. Maternal body weight, serum protein levels, liver indices, milk production, and bone histology were assessed after parturition. The results showed that protein deficiency significantly reduced gestational weight gain (33.8 ± 16.4 g vs. 74.6 ± 14.0 g in controls, p < 0.001), decreased serum protein levels (5.74 ± 0.74 g/dL vs. 7.20 ± 0.40 g/dL, p < 0.05), and increased liver weight (4.19 ± 0.43% vs. 3.26 ± 0.46%, p < 0.05). These changes were accompanied by a marked increase in bone marrow adiposity (7.14 ± 7.87% vs. 0.30 ± 0.25% in controls, p < 0.05), while trabecular bone remained preserved. Protein repletion improved most parameters, and Spirulina supplementation was associated with more consistent recovery across maternal systems. In conclusion, bone marrow adiposity may serve as a responsive marker of maternal metabolic adaptation following preconception protein deficiency in a rat model. Spirulina-assisted recovery supports coordinated restoration across maternal compartments; however, further validation in humans is needed.
Molecular and microscopic detection of Schistosoma japonicum in cattle and water buffalo in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia Gunawan; Joko Prastowo; Raden Wisnu Nurcahyo; Pandji Wibawa Dhewantara; Mujiyanto; Made Agus Nurjana; Fitrine Ekaswati; Nungki Hapsari Suryaningtyas; Dasuki; Fathur Rohman Haryadi; Vika Ichsania Ninditya; Heru Agus Cahyanto; Octaviani
Jurnal Medik Veteriner Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): October
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jmv.vol9.iss2.2026.553-561

Abstract

Schistosoma japonicum is a zoonotic trematode that infects both humans and animals in endemic areas of Indonesia. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence of S. japonicum infection in cattle and water buffalo and to compare molecular and microscopic diagnostic approaches. A total of 89 fecal samples (51 cattle and 38 water buffalo) were collected from endemic villages in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. Samples were examined using the Kato–Katz technique and real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Infection prevalence was calculated for each species, and differences between host species were analyzed using the chi-square or Fisher’s exact test. Diagnostic agreement between methods was assessed using McNemar’s test and Cohen’s kappa coefficient. qPCR detected S. japonicum DNA in 52.9% (27/51) of cattle and 5.3% (2/38) of water buffalo, whereas Kato–Katz identified infections in 21.6% (11/51) of cattle and 2.6% (1/38) of water buffalo. Overall, qPCR detected 29 infections compared with 12 detected by Kato–Katz. Infection prevalence was significantly higher in cattle than in water buffalo (p < 0.001). Diagnostic agreement between qPCR and Kato–Katz was moderate (κ = 0.49). When qPCR was used as the reference comparator, Kato–Katz detected 41.4% of qPCR-positive samples. These findings suggest that cattle may have a greater epidemiological contribution to environmental contamination than water buffalo in the study area. Molecular diagnostics detected substantially more infections than microscopy and may improve surveillance sensitivity in endemic settings.
Histopathological, immunohistochemical, and molecular detection of classical swine fever virus in archived formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded pig tissues Abba-Aji Sadiq; Yong Wei Phan; Clarence Lau Yeo Dek; Peck Toung Ooi; Michelle Wai Cheng Fong; Yasmin Abd Rahaman; Natasha Jafar Ali; Muhammad Faiz Muhammad Arif; Nurul Izzati Uda Zahli
Jurnal Medik Veteriner Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): October
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jmv.vol9.iss2.2026.424-436

Abstract

Classical swine fever (CSF) is a highly contagious viral disease of pigs caused by classical swine fever virus (CSFV) and often results in significant economic losses in endemic regions. This retrospective study investigated the histopathological, immunohistochemical, molecular, and phylogenetic characteristics of CSFV infection in archived formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) porcine tissues collected in Malaysia between 2018 and 2024. A total of 375 FFPE tissue blocks from 100 pigs were retrieved. Histopathological examination of 13 pigs with lesions consistent with CSF revealed lymphoid depletion, histiocytic hyperplasia, vascular congestion, haemorrhage, and necrosis, predominantly affecting lymphoid and vascular organs. CSFV antigen localisation was demonstrated by immunohistochemistry in 5/13 pigs, predominantly in macrophages, epithelial cells, and vascular endothelial cells across several tissues. In one immunohistochemically positive case, the presence of CSFV RNA was confirmed using two-step PCR targeting the 5′ untranslated region (5′ UTR). Phylogenetic analysis of this partial sequence placed the isolate within genotype 1; however, this finding is based on a single case and should be interpreted with caution. The limited PCR detection rate is likely attributable to RNA degradation inherent in FFPE tissues. This study demonstrates that archived FFPE tissues can serve as a valuable resource for retrospective CSFV diagnosis, particularly when histopathology and IHC are combined. However, molecular detection from archival material remains challenging, and epidemiological inferences should be considered preliminary.
Establishment of an orthotopic C3H mouse model of lung cancer using Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cells Ulayatul Kustiati; Hevi Wihadmadyatami; Dwi Liliek Kusindarta; Dwi Aris Agung Nugrahaningsih
Jurnal Medik Veteriner Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): October
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jmv.vol9.iss2.2026.394-408

Abstract

Lung cancer continues to be the foremost cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, characterized by increasing incidence and significant metastatic capability that contributes to unfavorable outcomes. The development of effective therapies is critically dependent on robust preclinical animal models that can accurately mimic the characteristics of the disease. This study describes the establishment and validation of an orthotopic C3H mouse model using the Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cell line. C3H mice were used to explore the feasibility of the model in an alternative immunocompetent strain. The model was successfully induced, and subsequent analysis of the tumor microenvironment revealed a significant increase in key pro-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic factors. The study identified significantly increased concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α, 11-fold), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF, 1.1-fold), and angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2, 1.2-fold) in the intrapulmonary LLC-induced animals relative to untreated controls. These findings confirm that the model effectively recapitulates the pro-angiogenic and inflammatory conditions essential for tumor growth and metastasis. In conclusion, the orthotopic C3H mouse model induced with the LLC cell line provides a platform for understanding disease mechanisms and evaluating novel therapeutic interventions targeting angiogenesis and inflammation. While the model is effective, researchers must consider that potential variability in tumor growth and metastasis may arise from factors such as genetic drift in the cell line and individual host immune responses.
Phenotype and genotype detection of Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. contamination in fishery commodities in Bali, Indonesia Aris Jatmiko; Ni Kadek Dwipayani Lestari; Anak Agung Ayu Putri Permatasari; Putu Eka Sudaryatma; Pascal Sebastian; Muhammad Khaliim Jati Kusala; Putu Angga Wiradana
Jurnal Medik Veteriner Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): October
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jmv.vol9.iss2.2026.368-382

Abstract

This study aimed to identify Salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli contamination associated with foodborne diseases in fishery commodities from Bali, Indonesia. A total of 216 samples representing commercially important fish and shrimp species were collected from suppliers, fish processing units, micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs), traditional markets, and modern markets across regencies in Bali. Sampling was proportionally distributed across supply chain loci, with three replicate samples collected for each commodity at each locus to minimize sampling bias and improve prevalence estimates. Phenotypic detection was performed using selective culture media, while positive isolates were confirmed genotypically using specific primers targeting the invA gene for Salmonella spp. and the lacZ gene for E. coli. The results revealed the presence of E. coli contamination in all fishery commodities examined, albeit with varying prevalence across commodity types. Conversely, Salmonella spp. was not detected in any of the samples. The highest prevalence of E. coli contamination by sampling locus was observed in traditional markets (12/36; 33%), whereas lemuru fish exhibited the highest prevalence among commodity types (5/10; 50%). Spatially, Tabanan Regency showed the highest prevalence of E. coli contamination, reaching up to 66% across the surveyed villages. Genotypic confirmation successfully identified E. coli isolates based on amplification of the lacZ gene at 876 bp. These findings highlight the need to implement a One Health approach as an effective framework for controlling foodborne bacterial contamination and its environmental transmission.
Integrating production performance, haematological status, and serum metabolomics to evaluate PUFA diets and jackfruit leaf supplementation in pre-mating goats Yusti Pujiawati; I Komang Gede Wiryawan; Lilis Khotijah; Mohamad Agus Setiadi; Simon Petrus Ginting
Jurnal Medik Veteriner Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): October
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jmv.vol9.iss2.2026.460-478

Abstract

The use of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)-based flushing diets enriched with jackfruit leaf extract (JLE) has the potential to support physiological health and metabolic stability during the pre-mating period. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of flushing diets containing PUFA, calcium soap (Ca-soap), and JLE on production performance, haematological characteristics, and serum metabolite profiles of pre-mating goats using a metabolomic approach. The experiment was conducted using nulliparous Boer × Jawarandu crossbred does assigned to three dietary treatments with five replicates per treatment. The treatments consisted of a PUFA-based flushing diet (R0), R0 + 200 ppm JLE (R1), and a Ca-soap-based flushing diet + 200 ppm JLE (R2). The observed parameters included production performance, haematological parameters during the follicular and luteal phases, and serum metabolomics. The results showed that PUFA- and JLE-based flushing diets did not adversely affect nutrient intake or final BCS (p > 0.05). JLE supplementation increased haematocrit and haemoglobin concentrations during the luteal phase and elevated the proportions of basophils and monocytes (p < 0.05). Fifteen metabolites were identified as the most significant contributors to distinguishing among dietary treatments. However, the overall metabolite profile did not differ significantly among treatments (p > 0.05; p = 0.437). The goat serum metabolite profile was dominated by bile acids. In conclusion, flushing diets containing PUFA, Ca-soap, and JLE did not adversely affect production performance or haematological traits. The metabolite profile was predominantly characterized by bile acids and their derivatives, possibly suggesting a potential association with liver function and lipid metabolism.
Immune-related gene expression profiles in field-derived African swine fever virus (ASFV)-positive whole blood samples in Luzon, Philippines Marysol M. Landicho; Amily E. Ancuelo; Saubel Ezrael A. Salamat; Paula Leona C. Fletcher; Mark Joseph M. Desamero; Rohani B. Cena-Navarro; Cherry P. Fernandez-Colorado
Jurnal Medik Veteriner Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): October
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jmv.vol9.iss2.2026.312-329

Abstract

African swine fever (ASF) is a highly contagious and lethal hemorrhagic disease of pigs caused by the double-stranded DNA virus African swine fever virus (ASFV). Infection induces excessive immunological activation, subsequently resulting in immune suppression, which alters the expression of small signaling proteins known as cytokines. This study quantified the relative gene expression of innate, T-helper, interferon-associated, and chemokine genes in ASFV-positive whole blood samples collected from naturally infected pigs through routine surveillance in Luzon, Philippines. Samples were obtained from two geographically and temporally distinct field sampling groups: North Luzon (NL; October 2023) and South Luzon (SL; July 2024). Relative gene expression was determined using the 2-ΔΔCT method, with ASF-negative samples serving as the reference baseline. Exploratory analyses showed variation in immune gene expression among ASFV-positive samples, with NL samples generally exhibiting higher expression of innate and T-helper-associated genes than SL samples. In contrast, both groups showed increased expression of TNF-α, CCL2, CCL3L1, and CXCL10. Multivariate analyses revealed overlapping yet distinguishable expression patterns between groups, along with coordinated expression of innate, T-helper-associated, and chemokine gene clusters. These results suggest that naturally infected ASFV-positive pigs may exhibit heterogeneous immune response states characterized by variable innate and T-helper-associated gene expression, while inflammatory and chemokine signaling, particularly involving TNF-α, CCL2, CCL3L1, and CXCL10, is consistently upregulated. These preliminary findings provide initial insights into immune responses during natural ASFV infection and may guide future field studies involving larger, well-characterized field populations.
Primer design and optimization of the rpoB gene as a molecular marker for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex Siti Kurniawati; Jessica Ivana Alexsandra Tasumo; Handayu Untari; Esti Dhamayanti; Miftahul Jannah; Wahyu Nur Laili Fajri; Lynda Nugrahaning Imanjati; Titiek Sulistyowati; Zakiyathun Nuha; Woro Hambarrukmi
Jurnal Medik Veteriner Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): October
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jmv.vol9.iss2.2026.516-534

Abstract

The Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) poses a significant health risk to both humans and animals because it can cause zoonotic tuberculosis (zTB). This disease can lead to substantial economic losses due to decreased productivity and increased mortality, particularly in livestock. The rpoB gene is a potential molecular marker for MTBC detection because it is highly conserved and specific. This study aimed to design specific primers targeting the rpoB gene and identify the optimal annealing temperature for conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification. The rpoB gene sequence of M. tuberculosis H37Rv (accession number: NC_000962.3) was retrieved from the GenBank database of the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). Primers were designed using Clone Manager 9.0. The selected primers were tested using a temperature gradient in conventional PCR to determine the optimal annealing temperature. The amplification products were visualized by electrophoresis on a 1.5% agarose gel and confirmed by sequencing. The selected primers, SKRPOB_F148 5′-GTCCAGACCGATTCGTTCGAGTG-3′ and SKRPOB_R748 5′-CAGCGTCGATCGCATGATCTC-3′, successfully amplified an estimated 621-bp amplicon at an optimal annealing temperature of 57.5°C. The sequencing results showed 100% similarity between the primer-targeted sequence and the reference M. tuberculosis sequence. BLASTn analysis demonstrated 100% query coverage, 100% sequence identity, and an E-value of 0, confirming the high specificity of the primers. These findings indicate that the designed primers are specific and reliable for MTBC detection and have potential applications in molecular diagnostic methods.
Oxyhydrogen nanobubbles attenuate angiogenesis, inflammation, and immunosuppression in Wistar rats hepatocellular carcinoma model Aulanni'am Aulanni'am; Natasya Adiba Zahrah; Sri Widyarti; Olly Indrajani; Dyah Kinasih Wuragil; Wibi Riawan; Dodik Prasetyo; Syifa Mustika; Aditya Hernowo; Sutiman Bambang Sumitro; Ahmad Lubab
Jurnal Medik Veteriner Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): October
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jmv.vol9.iss2.2026.409-423

Abstract

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a major cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, while currently available first-line therapies are often constrained by systemic toxicity, resistance, and limited single-target mechanisms. Therefore, safer and broader-spectrum therapeutic strategies are urgently needed. This study evaluated the antitumor efficacy of oxyhydrogen nanobubbles (HHOnbs), an innovative multigas nanosystem that simultaneously delivers O₂, H₂, and low-dose H₂O₂, and hypothesized that HHOnbs would suppress HCC progression through multitarget modulation of the tumor microenvironment. A true experimental study was conducted using diethylnitrosamine/carbon tetrachloride (DEN/CCl₄)-induced HCC in male Wistar rats. Six groups were assigned: negative control, positive control, HHOnbs (200 million particles/mL; 0.1 mL per intravenous injection) administered every 2 days for a total of 12 or 24 treatments, and Lenvatinib (1.2 mg/kg body weight, orally) administered in 3- or 5-dose regimens. Antitumor activity was evaluated by immunohistochemical analysis of CD31, CD68, and FoxP3 expression, representing angiogenesis, macrophage-mediated inflammation, and regulatory T-cell-associated immunosuppression, respectively. In addition, TERT gene amplification was quantified using PCR. Compared with the positive control, HHOnbs significantly reduced CD31 by 42.07–43.55%, CD68 by 42.61–48.02%, and FoxP3 by 44.96–48.71% (all p < 0.001), with greater effects observed at higher treatment frequencies. TERT gene amplification was suppressed by up to 47.89% in the 24-administration group. These effects were comparable to those of Lenvatinib, while HHOnbs showed more consistent frequency-dependent responses across all biomarkers. In conclusion, HHOnbs demonstrated significant multitarget antitumor activity in experimental HCC and represent a promising nanotherapeutic candidate for liver cancer management.
In vitro selection and molecular characterization of indigenous yeasts from Litopenaeus vannamei with probiotic potential to prevent Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection Mohammad Faizal Ulkhaq; Widanarni; Dinamella Wahjuningrum; Munti Yuhana; Jiun-Yan Loh
Jurnal Medik Veteriner Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): October
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jmv.vol9.iss2.2026.437-459

Abstract

This study aimed to identify indigenous yeast strains from whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) exhibiting probiotic potential and antagonistic activity against Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Samples were collected from shrimp intestines, sediment, and rearing water in shrimp ponds located in Banyuwangi, Jember, and Gresik. Subsequent screening was conducted based on anti-V. parahaemolyticus activity, biofilm inhibition, tolerance to temperature, pH, and bile salts, co-aggregation ability, hemolytic activity, pathogenicity in shrimp, and growth phase. Candidate probiotic yeast isolates were further identified using the Sanger method, with species identification based on sequence analysis against the GenBank NCBI database. A total of 120 yeast isolates were successfully obtained from the samples and screened, resulting in the identification of three candidate probiotic yeast isolates, i.e., GU12, GU13, and BA9. Molecular identification revealed that isolate GU12 exhibited 99.46% similarity to Kodamaea ohmeri (MK394144.1), whereas isolates GU13 and BA9 were identified as Candida parapsilosis (PX025649.1), with 100% similarity. Further studies are recommended to conduct additional biosafety evaluations and in vivo validation before applying these isolates in shrimp aquaculture as safe and environmentally sustainable alternatives for the prevention of bacterial diseases.

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