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Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 25490273     EISSN : 25490273     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Background: Increased blood pressure for a long time can increase the risk of kidney failure, co­ronary heart disease, brain damage, and other di­seases. In 2019, it is estimated that hyper­tens­ion is experienced by 1.13 billion people in the world with most (two thirds) living in low and mid­­dle income countries. Other study also shows that the police and military are at risk of develop­ing hypertension due to a number of factors such as low know­led­ge about healthy and nutritious food, co-workers who are smokers, and consum­ing alco­hol. This study aimed to analyze the risk factors for hypertension in the police and military in the world using meta analysis. Subjects and Method: This was a meta-ana­lysis and systematic review. The articles used we­re obtained from Google Scholar, Springer Link, Pro­­Quest, and Science Direct databases. Selected arti­cles published from 2000 to 2020. Keywords to search for articles are as follows: hypertension po­lice personnel and military, or hypertension po­lice personnel and military. The articles studi­ed are 3 full text articles with cross sectional stu­dy designs and 1 full text articles with case cont­rol study design. Articles are col­lect­ed using PRI­S­­­MA diagrams, and analy­zed us­ing the Re­vi­ew Ma­nager application 5.3. Results: Overweight (aOR= 1.42; 95% CI = 1.01 to 2.00; p= 0.04), alcohol consumption (aOR­=­ 1.­55; 95% CI= 1.12 to 2.12; p= 0.007), ciga­rette con­­­­sumption (aOR= 1.45 ; 95% CI= 1.06 to 1.97; p= 0.020) is a risk factor for hyper­­­tension in the po­­­lice and military. Conclusion: Overweight, alcohol consump­tion, and cigarette consump­tion, are risk fac­tors for hypertension in po­lice and military personnel.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 659 Documents
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Efficient Biomedical Waste Management- Need of the Time: A Lesson Learnt From COVID-19 Pandemic Kanaparty, Kiran Prakash; Vemu, Deepti; Zia, Syeda Fahada; Vyankatesh, Mavatkar Munnaji; Sravani, Gavireddy
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 9 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2024.09.03.10

Abstract

Background: Medical waste management (MWM) is of concern to the medical and general com-munity. Adequate knowledge regarding the management of healthcare waste is an important precursor to the synthesis of appropriate attitudes and practices of proper handling and disposal of medical waste by healthcare workers (HCWs). This study aimed to investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of doctors, nurses, laboratory technicians, and housekeeping staff, regarding BMW management at a tertiary hospital in Telangana.Subjects and Method: This was a cross‑sectional study carried out at a tertiary health care center in Mahbubnagar district, Telangana, India. A stratified sampling technique was used to select the different cadre of healthcare providers from the hospital. A self‑administered questionnaire assessing the knowledge, attitude, and practices of 300 study participants was prepared. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 26. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the data.Results: The majority of respondents were nursing staff 43% (143/300) followed by doctors, interns, sanitation workers, and lab technicians. About 3/4th of the HCWs had experience of more than 3 years. Only 65% of the doctors have correct knowledge of the colour coding of bags. About only 20% of the nursing staff practiced segregation of the waste on-site. The practice of hand washing was significantly higher among female HCWs (p = 0.010).Conclusion: This study showed that there is a clear lack of BMW management among the HCW especially class IV staff who handle a large. Thus ongoing training should be provided to HCWs on MWM, with more attention to knowledge of regulatory requirements, and involvement of HCWs in the development of MWM policies to enhance compliance.
Dual Burden of Weight among College Entrants at Kancheepuram, Tamil Nadu Keerthana, S; Verma, Somnath; Sundar, Bhavishya; Padmanabhan, P; Dinakaran, N
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 9 No. 4 (2024)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2024.09.04.02

Abstract

Background: Body Mass Index (BMI) is a good indicator of health and well-being. Even though it does not accurately measure body fat, BMI is advocated as a simple instrument for identifying obesity. Obesity is a global public health problem with ever-increasing incidence. The data on the regional distribution of BMI, an index of health will be useful in the case of healthcare policy formulation. This study aimed to provide data about the frequency distribution of BMI among adolescents and young adults in Kancheepuram, Tamil Nadu, India.Subjects and Method: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at Kancheepuram, Tamil Nadu, in September 2023. A total of 1,050 college students was selected using convenience sampling. The dependent variable was BMI. The independent variables were age and sex. The classification of BMI was based on Asian Indian criteria, supplemented by WHO guidelines.Results: Obesity among males was 2.93% according to WHO criteria and 9.56% according to the Asian Indian modification, while for females, obesity was 3.03% by WHO criteria and 10.98% by the Asian Indian modification. Based on Asian Indian criteria, 27.90% of the sample was classified as underweight, 8.85% as overweight, and 20.66% as obese.Conclusion: The problem of overweight and obesity needs public health attention since this is preventable
Utilization of Adequately Iodized Salt and its Barriers Among Sub-Urban Households of Chengalpattu District- Tamil Nadu Athiyaman, Siddharthan; Eashwar, Virudhunagar Muthuprakash Anantha; Surathkumaar, Hariharan; Ramachandran, Umadevi
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 9 No. 4 (2024)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2024.09.04.05

Abstract

Background: Iodine is a crucial nutrient humans need for healthy mental and physical development. Iodine deficiency disorder (IDD) continues to pose a real threat to public health across several nations, including India. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of the use of adequately iodized salt and to determine the barriers to the use of adequately iodized salt among suburban households.Subjects and Method: A Community-based cross-sectional study was done among 250 sub-urban households using a multistage sampling technique in Chengalpattu district, Tamil Nadu. The study was carried out between the period of July to November 2023. Data was collected by both standardized and pre-tested semi-structured questionnaires. The iodine content of salt was assessed by an MBI spot testing kit. The dependent variable was adequately iodized salt and the independent variable was sociodemographic details and variables related to the utilization of iodized salt. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25.Results: The prevalence of utilization of adequately iodized salt was 76.8 % and barriers to the use of adequately iodized salt among sub-urban households were, using a wet spoon/hand to take salt from the container, container of the salt kept open / both ways, storing salt in the steel container and storing in the original salt pocket itself.Conclusion: Specific education regarding proper storage, handling, duration, and the importance of iodized salt needs to be implemented to increase community awareness and to focus on behavior change communication to bring a positive attitude toward the utilization of iodized salt.
Spatial Analysis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Risk in Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia Nabila Silva Diba, Dinda; Murti, Bhisma; Setiyadi, Noor Alis
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 9 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2024.09.03.12

Abstract

Background: Pulmonary tuberculosis is an infectious disease, especially in developing countries. In 2022, the total number of tuberculosis cases in Indonesia was 677,464 cases. This study aims to conduct a spatial analysis of factors such as population size, population density, number of poor population, number of unemployed, healthy houses, and temperature to the number of pulmonary tuberculosis cases in the working area of health centers in Surakarta City in 2022.Subjects and Method: Spatial analysis was carried out by descriptive analysis of distribution maps using QGIS, spatial cluster analysis using SaTScanTM, and autocorrelation analysis by Local Indicators of Spatial Autocorrelation (LISA) method using GeoDa. Secondary data was obtained from the public communication of the Central Statistics Agency of Surakarta and the Surakarta Health Profile in 2022. The analysis unit includes 17 working areas of health centers in Surakarta. The dependent variable is the TB cases. The independent variables were population density, number of poor people, number of unemployed, number of healthy houses, and temperature.Results: The highest number of pulmonary TB cases were in Purwodiningratan Health Center and Sangkrah Health Center. There is the most likely cluster of pulmonary tuberculosis cases which is statistically significant in 2022 (Radius = 1.81 km; RR=17.65; p=0.003). Autocorrelation analysis showed E[I]=-0.06. There was a positive and significant spatial autocorrelation of the population (I=0.40; p=0.003), population density (I=0.33; p=0.002), number of poor people (I=0.40; p=0.002), number of unemployed (I=0.40; p=0.003), and temperature (I=0.25; p=0.009) of pulmonary TB cases in Surakarta.Conclusion: Population number, population density, number of poor population, number of unemployed, and temperature have positive spatial autocorrelation with pulmonary TB.
Implementation of the Information-Motivation-Behavior Skills Model in Child Development: A Path Analysis Putri, Diani Fadmi; Pamungkasari, Eti Poncorini; Murti, Bhisma
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 9 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2024.09.03.11

Abstract

Background: Child development problems also still occur in DI Yogyakarta. Children's development is influenced by parents in educating and nurturing children. Many factors affect maternal parenting patterns including knowledge, attitudes, motivation and skills. The purpose of the study was to analyze the contextual influence of maternal parenting behavior on the development of children under five in Sleman Regency.Subjects and Method: This study uses a cross-sectional design. The research was conducted in 25 Integrated Health Posts with a total of 200 research subjects for mothers of toddlers and children under five. The sampling techniques are stratified random sampling and simple random sampling. The independent variables in this study were information, motivation, skills/skills of child development, parenting behavior, and maternal age, while the dependent variable was the development of children under five. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire and analyzed by path analysis.Results: Every 1 unit increase in parenting behavior (b= 0.60; CI 95%= 0.44 to 0.76; p< 0.001), skills/skills of child development through parenting behavior (b= 0.44; CI 95%= 0.33 to 0.56; p<0.001), information through parenting behavior (b=0.20; CI 95%= -.074 to 0.32; p= 0.002), motivation through parenting behavior (b= 0.18; CI 95%= 0.06 to 0.30; p= 0.003), and maternal age through parenting behavior (b= 0.05; CI 95%= -0.05; CI 95%= -0.05 to 0.15, p= 0.323) will be followed by an improvement in child development.Conclusion: The Information, Motivation, and Behavior skill model can be used to explain parenting behavior and child development. Children's development increases with good parenting behavior. Parenting behavior is influenced by children's developmental skills/skills influenced by the presence of information and motivation.
Determinants of Promoting Assisted Delivery in the Lagdo Health District in Northern Cameroon Kami, Abdoulahi; Nkondjock, André; Socpa, Antoine
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 9 No. 4 (2024)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2024.09.04.07

Abstract

Background: Discrepancies in findings on assisted delivery (AD) in the Northern Cameroun persist. In order to reduce maternal mortality, it is hypothesized that specific determinants may help promote the use of AD. This study aimed to assess the possible association between these determinants and AD.Subjects and Method: A cross-sectional study was carried out on 1,175 postpartum women, in the Lagdo health district from May 10th to June 5th, 2023. A three-stage cluster sampling technique was used. Independent variables included the factors related to AD. The dependent variable was the use or no use of AD. A validated questionnaire was employed to gather information. Data analysis was performed with SPSS software version 25. Frequencies, odds ratios (OR), and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. The statistical significance was 0.05.Results: The prevalence of AD was 43.9%. After adjustment for age, educational attainment, and parity, a direct association was detected between AD and funded delivery fees (OR=2.5; 95%CI= 1.95 to 3.40; p<0.001), and the presence of motorcycle taxi driver (OR=1.70; 95%CI =1.31 to 2.19; p<0.001). An inverse relationship was observed between AD and distance to health centers (OR= 0.32; 95%CI = 0.18 to 0.58; p<0.001), and lack of community leaders' involvement (OR=0.45; 95%CI = 0.31 to 0.67; p<0.001).Conclusion: Our findings suggest funding delivery fees, reducing distance to health facilities, and sensitizing women by community leaders may help promote AD.
Biopsychosocial Factors Associated with the Risk of Hypertension in Elderly in Klaten, Central Java: A Cross-Sectional Study Utami, Indri Nur; Demartoto, Argyo; Murti, Bhisma
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 9 No. 4 (2024)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2024.09.04.04

Abstract

Background: Hypertension is also a major preventable risk factor for cardiovascular disease, and plays a role in all causes of death worldwide, characterized by systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of biopsychosocial factors on the risk of hypertension among the elderly in Klaten Regency.Subjects and Method: This study was cross-sectional from April-May 2024. The sample used was 200 elderly people in 25 elderly health posts and selected using random sampling techniques in Klaten Regency, Central Java. The dependent variable of this study was the incidence of hypertension. The independent variables of this study were age, gender, anxiety, stress, and income level. The data were collected using questionnaire and analyzed using path analysis run on Stata 13.Results: Systolic blood pressure is directly affected by anxiety (b= 1.34; CI 95%= -0.13 to 2.82; p= 0.075), the existence of retirement funds (b= -0.09; CI 95%= -0.01 to -0.03; p= 0.003), and female (b= 1.22; CI 95%= -5.38 to 7.84; p= 0.716). Anxiety is influenced by stress (b= 0.38; CI 95%= 0.29 to 0.48; p<0.001), the existence of retirement funds (b= -0.01; CI 95% <0.01 to <0.01; p= 0.038), and age (b= 0.04; CI 95%= 0.07 to 0.08; p= 0.020).Conclusion: Systolic blood pressure is directly affected by anxiety, the existence of retirement funds, and female. Anxiety is influenced by stress, the existence of retirement funds, and age.
Analysis of Environmental Risk Factors for Leptospirosis in Bantul, Yogyakarta, Indonesia Setiawan, Andri; Setiyadi, Noor Alis; Murti, Bhisma
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 9 No. 4 (2024)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2024.09.04.03

Abstract

Background: Leptospirosis is a disease caused by the bacterium leptospira sp. The number of cases and deaths due to leptopirosis from year to year is always increasing. The purpose of this study is to analyze environmental risk factors for the incidence of leptospirosis in Bantul Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia.Subjects and Method: This study uses an observational analytical approach with a cross-sectional design. The research location is in Bantul Regency with a sample of 200 research subjects. The sampling technique is fixed disease sampling. The dependent variable was the incidence of leptospirosis and the independent variables were the physical condition of the house, the condition of the residential environment, the presence of rats, the presence of livestock or pets, near rivers, flooded areas, occupation, habits of using personal protective equipment, age and gender. The research instruments used were questionnaires and checklists and the data was analyzed using logistic regression analysis.Results: Risk factors that increase the incidence of leptospirosis are poor home conditions (OR= 2.18; 95% CI = 1.12 to 4.24; p=0.022); Poor residential environmental conditions (OR = 2.58; 95% CI = 1.33 to 5.03; p = 0.005); presence of rats inside and/or outside the home (OR = 4.51; 95% CI = 1.40 to 14.55; p = 0.012). The risk of leptospirosis infection decreases with the use of PPE (OR = 0.17; 95% CI= 0.08 to 0.37; p<0.001).Conclusion: Poor house conditions, poor residential environmental conditions, the presence of rats inside and or outside the house are risk factors that increase the incidence of leptospirosis. Meanwhile, the use of PPE reduces the risk of leptospirosis infection
Is Social Capital Associated with Hypertension in Adults Visiting Integrated Health Posts for the Elderly? Santoso, Nathanael Aditya; Demartoto, Argyo; Murti, Bhisma
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 9 No. 4 (2024)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2024.09.04.01

Abstract

Background: Social capital has been shown to play an important role in influencing an individual's health, including the incidence of hypertension in adulthood. Adults with hypertension who usually receive services at elderly posyandu with high strata are less likely to develop hypertension than posyandu with low strata. This study aims to determine the relationship between social capital and hypertension in adults in elderly posyandu.Subjects and Method: This study is an observational analytical study with a cross-sectional approach conducted in 25 Posyandu Elderly from May 2024 to July 2024 A total of 200 adult research subjects were selected using stratified random sampling and simple random sampling. The independent variable in this study is social capital and the dependent variable is hypertension. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire. The analysis test in this study is a multilevel model double logistic regression analysis test conducted using the STATA 13 model.Results: Each increase in one unit of the social capital score will be followed by a decrease in systolic blood pressure of 0.94 mmHg (b= -0.94; 95% CI = -1.48 to -0.40; p= 0.001) and a decrease in systolic blood pressure of 0.32 mmHg (b= -0.32; 95% CI = -0.56 to -0.08; p= 0.008). Each one-year increase in age will be followed by an increase in systolic blood pressure of 0.43 mmHg (b = 0.43; 95% CI = 0.16 to 0.70; p = 0.002) and an increase in diastolic blood pressure of 0.14 mmHg (b = 0.02; 95% CI = 0.26 to 0.70; p = 0.018). There was no difference in systolic blood pressure between men and women (b= -2.84; 95% CI = -8.04 to 2.36; p= 0.284).Conclusion: Individuals who have good social capital lower the risk of hypertension. Increasing age and gender of women increases the risk of hypertension.
Factors Affecting Mortality in People Living with HIV with Antiretroviral Therapy: A Meta-Analysis Anindita, Fauziah Shinta; Indriani, Fenita; Murti, Bhisma; Veibiani, Nindita Arum
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 9 No. 4 (2024)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2024.09.04.08

Abstract

Background: TB is the leading cause of death among people living with HIV. In 2020, an estimated 214,000 people living with HIV died from TB. People with AIDS have a severely damaged immune system. They are increasingly suffering from severe diseases, called opportunistic infections (OI). This study aims to analyze and estimate the influence of gender, TB Coinfection, Opportunistic Infection on mortality in ODHIV with Antiretroviral Therapy.Subjects and Method: Systematic review and meta-analysis using PRISMA flowchart and the PICO model. Population: ODHIV with ART. Intervention: Women, Co-infected TB, Opportunistic Infections. Comparison: Male, no co-infected TB, no Opportunistic Infection. Outcome: Mortality Article search using Google Scholar, PubMed and Science Direct databases. The keywods used include "HAART" or "HIV" or "HIV/AIDS" and "Gender" and "TB Coinfections" or "TB" and "Opportunistic Infections" and "Mortality" and "Antiretroviral Treatment". The 17 included articles are fulltext in English with a cohort design study from 2008 to 2023 and report on the Hazard Ratio in a multivariate analysis. Data analysis using the RevMan 5.3 application.Results: A total of 17 cohort studies involving 23,651 research subjects from Vietnam, China, Japan, Ethiopia, and South Africa. The data collected showed that female ODHIV had a mortality risk of 0.7 times compared to male ODHIV (aHR= 0.70; CI 95%=0.60 to 0.79; p<0.001). In ODHIV with coinfected TB has a mortality risk of 1.86 times compared to ODHIV without coinfected TB (aHR= 1.89; CI 95%=1.36 to 2.61; p<0.001). ODHIV with Opportunistic Infection has a 1.90-fold risk of mortality compared to ODHIV without Opportunistic Infection (aHR= 1.90; CI 95%=1.50 to 2.42; p<0.001).Conclusion: Female gender decreases the risk of mortality, while TB coinfection and Opportunistic infection increase the risk of mortality in ODHIV with Antiretroviral Therapy.

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