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Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : -     EISSN : 25490281     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior (JHPB) is an electronic, open-access, double-blind and peer-reviewed international journal, focusing on health promotion and health-related behaviors. It began its publication on May 21, 2015. The journal is published four times yearly. It seeks to understand factors at various layers associated with health behavior and health-impacting policy and find evidence-based social and behavioral strategies to improve population health status.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 509 Documents
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The Application of Social Cognitive Theory on Tertiary Preventive Behavior in Elderly with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Multilevel Analysis Widyarahma, Amanda; Tamtomo, Didik Gunawan; Murti, Bhisma
Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/thejhpb.2025.10.01.08

Abstract

Background: Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic disease whose prevalence increases, especially in old age. About a quarter of people over the age of 65 suffer from diabetes. DM can cause serious compli­cations up to death. The importance of tertiary preventive behavior to prevent compli­cations. This study aimed to analyze the influence of the Social Cognitive Theory construct and the contextual influence of posyandu on the tertiary preventive behavior of elderly people with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Subjects and Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted at 25 integrated health posts (posyandu) in Magetan, East Java, Indonesia, from April to May 2024. 200 elderly with type 2 DM were selected by stratified random sampling. The dependent variable was tertiary preventive behavior. The independent variables were self-regulation, knowledge, expectations, self-efficacy, reinforcement, and observational learning. Data collection was carried out by interviews and questionnaires. The data were analyzed using a multiple multilevel linear regression. Results: Tertiary preventive behavior was higher in self-regulation (b= 0.24; 95% CI= 0.01 to 0.46; p= 0.038), know­ledge (b= 0.70; 95% CI= 0.23 to 1.17; p= 0.003), expectations (b= 0.53; 95% CI= 0.35 to 0.71; p <0.001), self-efficacy (b= 0.39; 95% CI= 0.11 to 0.67; p= 0.006), reinforcement (b= 1.26; 95% CI= 0.90 to 1.62; p<0.001), and observational learning (b= 0.30; 95% CI= 0.01 to 0.59; p= 0.036). There were no significant relationships of age and gender on tertiary preventive behavior. There was a contextual effect of elderly posyandu on tertiary preventive behavior (ICC= 6.39%). Conclusion: Tertiary preventive behavior is higher in self-regulation, know­ledge, expectations, self-efficacy, reinforcement, and observational learning. There are no significant relationships of age and gender on tertiary preventive behavior. There is a contextual effect of elderly posyandu on tertiary preventive behavior.
Imlementation of Health Belief Model to Predict Adherence toward Acupuncture Services in Low Back Pain Patients legowo, Nurcahyo aji; Murti, Bhisma; Sumardiyono, Sumardiyono
Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/thejhpb.2025.10.01.09

Abstract

Background Adherence in using acupuncture services can reduce the risk of developing more severe low back pain. Low back pain patients who do not receive regular treatment will experience a high risk of injury. This study aims to determine the relationship between the construct of the health belief model and adherence in using acupuncture services. Subjects and Method: This was a cross-sectional study carried at the Surakarta acupuncture clinic in December-March 2024. A sample of 200 low back pain patients was selected using random sampling. The dependent variable was low back pain patients. The independent variables were perceived vulnerability, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, cues to action, and self-efficacy. Data were analyzed using a multiple logistic regression. Results: Adherence to acupuncture therapy in LBP patients increased with high perceived vulnerability (OR= 2.46; 95% CI= 1.09 to 5.07; p = 0.028), high perceived severity (OR= 4.07; CI 95%= 1.84 to 8.99; p = 0.001), high perceived benefit (OR= 2.57; 95% CI= 1.12 to 5.84; p = 0.024), had cues to action (OR= 2.24; 95% CI= 1.03 to 4.90; p = 0.042), and high self-efficacy (OR= 2.27; 95% CI= 1.03 to 5.00; p = 0.042). It was decreased by high perceived barriers (OR= -0.35; 95% CI= -0.15 to -0.80; p = 0.014). Conclusion: Adherence to acupuncture therapy in LBP patients increases with high perceived vulnerability, high perceived severity, high perceived benefit, had cues to action, and high self-efficacy. It is decreased by high perceived barriers
Meta-Analysis: The Effect of Social Capital on Depression in Elderly Widyarahma, Amanda; Mufidah, Naili Zahroton; Afandi, Agil Rafi’ah; Murti, Bhisma; Ismail, Aem
Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/thejhpb.2025.10.01.10

Abstract

Background: According to WHO (2022), 14% of adults >60 years live with depression which accounts for 10.6% of total disability in the elderly. Depression is associated with an increased risk of premature death, with a potential reduction in life expectancy of around 10 years. Studies report that strengthening social capital can be an effective strategy in preventing and managing depression in the elderly. This study aims to analyze the influence of social capital on depression in the elderly. Subjects and Method: This research is a meta-analysis of the PICO model. Population: elderly. Intervention: high social participation, high social cohesion, high reciprocity, high social trust and high social network. Comparison: low social participation, low social cohesion, low reciprocity, low social trust and low social network. Outcome: depression. The data used involves Google Scholar, PubMed, BMC, Elsevier, ScienceDirect, and Springer Link. Inclusion criteria were full-text articles with a cross-sectional study design using multivariate analysis that included OR values and were published from 2014-2023. Data analysis using the Review Manager 5.3 application. Results: The meta-analysis included 17 cross-sectional studies from Korea, Spain, Japan, Taiwan, the Netherlands, China, and Myanmar. The results showed that the incidence of depression decreased with high social participation (aOR= 0.78; 95% CI= 0.61–1.00; p= 0.050), high social cohesion (aOR= 0.84; 95% CI= 0.72 – 0.99; p= 0.030), high reciprocity (aOR= 0.75; 95% CI= 0.63 – 0.90; p= 0.020), and high social trust (aOR= 0.52; 95% CI= 0.41 – 0.66; p<0.001). Social networks reduce the risk of depression but were not statistically significant a(OR= 0.71; CI 95%= 0.31 – 1.59; p= 0.400). Conclusion: Social participation, social cohesion, reciprocity, and social trust have an effect on reducing the risk of depression in the elderly.
Application of Social Cognitive Theory for Tertiary Preventive Behavior in Elderly with Hypertension: A Multilevel Analysis in Cirebon, West Java Sanusi, Sita Rahayu; Murti, Bhisma; Demartoto, Argyo
Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/thejhpb.2025.10.01.11

Abstract

 Background: Hypertension is the first non-communicable disease diagnosed in various health facilities up to 185,857 cases. Hypertension is one of the main causes of mortality and morbidity in Indonesia, so the management of this disease is a very common intervention carried out at various levels of health facilities, especially in the elderly. This study aims to analyze the influence  of the application of social cognitive theory on the preventive behavior of the elderly tertiary with hypertension in Cirebon Regency. Subjects and Method: The study was conducted with  a cross-sectional study design  involving as many as 200 research subjects, including 102 positive tertiary preventive behavior research subjects and 93 negative tertiary preventive behavior research subjects. This research was conducted in 25 elderly posyandu in Cirebon Regency, West Java. This research was conducted in March-April 2024. The sample was selected using simple random sampling to select elderly research subjects with hypertension and stratified random sampling to select the type of Posyandu. The dependent variable is tertiary preventive behavior behavior in the elderly with hypertension. The independent variables were knowledge, expectations, self-regulation, self-efficacy, reinforcement and observational learning. Data collection was carried out using questionnaires and data were analyzed using a multilevel analysis model.. Results: Tertiary preventive behavior in older age with hypertension was influenced by knowledge (b = 1.89; 95% CI = 1.54 to 2.23; p <0.001), expectations (b = 0.15; 95% CI = 0.01 to 0.29; p = 0.031), self-regulation (b = 0.15; 95% CI = 0.01 to 0.29; p = 0.035), self-efficacy (b = 0.14; 95% CI = 0.00 to 0.29; p = 0.042), reinforcement (b = 0.15; 95% CI = 0.00 to 0.29; p = 0.042), reinforcement (b = 0.36; 95% CI = 0.22 to 0.50; p <0.001), and observational (b = 0.22; 95% CI = 0.07 to 0.38; p = 0.004). Posyandu has a contextual influence on tertiary preventive behavior in the elderly with hypertension with ICC = 40%. Conclusion: Tertiary preventive behavior in the elderly with hypertension is influenced by knowledge, expectations, self-regulation, self-efficacy, reinforcement and positive outcomes of observational learning. Thus, social cognitive theory can be used to explain and predict tertiary preventive behavior in the elderly with hypertension.  Variations at the Posyandu level have a strong contextual effect on tertiary preventive behavior in the elderly with hypertension.
Application of Information Motivation Behavior Skill on Tertiary Preventive Behavior of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients at Blora Health Center Nabilla, Jihan; Tamtomo, Didik Gunawan; Murti, Bhisma
Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/thejhpb.2025.10.01.12

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a priority disease that not only requires control efforts but is also important for prevention efforts. Complications that occur in type II DM patients can be prevented with tertiary preventive behavior. This tertiary preventive behavior can be done by applying the Information Motivation Behavior (IMB) skill model. The purpose of this study is to explore the influence of the application based on the IMB model on tertiary prevention behavior in type II DM patients. Subjects and Method: This study is cross sectional from April-May 2024. The sample used was 200 type 2 DM patients aged >18 years and selected by random sampling technique at the Blora Health Center, Central Java. The dependent variable was the tertiary preventive behavior of type 2 DM patients. The independent variables were information, motivation and behavioral skills. Data collection using questionnaires and data analysis using path analysis with Stata 13. Results: Tertiary preventive behavior of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus was directly influenced by behavioral skills (b= 5.80; CI 95%= 4.73 to 6.87; p <0.001), information (b= 1.25; CI 95%= 0.01 to 2.50; p= 0.047) and gender (b= -1.60; CI 95%= -0.60 to -2.59; p= 0.002). Tertiary preventive behavior of type 2 DM patients through behavioral skills is indirectly influenced by information, motivation, age and education. Information is indirectly influenced by motivation and education. There was no significant effect on gender on behavioral skills. Conclusion: Tertiary preventive behavior is directly influenced by behavioral skills, information and gender. Tertiary preventive behavior is indirectly influenced by information, motivation, age, and education through behavioral skills. Tertiary preventive behavior is indirectly influenced by gender and education through information.
Application of Information Motivation Behavior Skill Model on Maternal Parenting Behavior on Child Growth in Sleman, Yogyakarta, Indonesia Hariyadi, Agustin Mahardika; Pamungkasari, Eti Poncorini; Murti, Bhisma
Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/thejhpb.2025.10.02.01

Abstract

Background: Toddler growth disorders in Indonesia reach 59% of the highest ranking in the ASEAN continent, including: physical growth disorders, motor development, language and behavior. Suboptimal child growth can be avoided if mothers are able to support toddler growth by providing the right parenting pattern. Proper parenting can optimize child growth and develop­ment. This maternal behavior can be done by applying the Information Motivation Behavior (IMB) skill model. The purpose of this study aims to explore the application of the IMB model-based applica­tion to maternal parenting behavior on child growth in Sleman Regency. Subjects and Method: This was a cross-sectional study was conducted at 25 integrated health posts (Posyandu) in Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta, in April-May 2024. A sample of 200 mothers who have toddlers aged 24-60 months was selected using the stratified random sampling. The dependent variable was child growth. The independent variables were information, motivation, skills, and maternal parenting behavior. Data collection was using questionnaires and data analysis was using path analysis with Stata 13. Results: Maternal parenting behavior increased with good behavioral skills (OR = 1.28; 95% CI 0.60 to 1.97; p <0.001), good information (OR = 1.20; 95% CI 0.52 to 1.88; p <0.001), and strong motivation (OR= 0.98; 95% CI= 0.31 to 1.66; p= 0.004). Toddler growth is positively influenced by maternal parenting behavior (OR= 1.29; 95% CI= 0.46 to 2.13; p= 0.002) and family income (OR = 3.15; 95% CI = 1.92 to 4.38; p <0.001). Conclusion: Maternal parenting behavior increases with good behavioral skills, good information and strong motivation. Toddler growth is positively influenced by maternal parenting behavior and family income.
Meta-Analysis: The Effect of HBM-Based Health Education on Obesity Prevention among Students Wulandari, Ayu Novita; Haryanti, Titik; Sartika, Iik
Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/thejhpb.2025.10.02.02

Abstract

Background: Students engage in various health-risk behaviors such as lack of physical activity and unhealthy diet. Obesity is a worldwide health problem with increased prevalence every year, both in developed and developing countries. This study aims to analyze and estimate the influence of HBM-based health education on obesity prevention in students. Subject and Method: Meta-analysis was conducted according to the PRISMA flow diagram and PICO model. The search for articles in this study was through databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct and Scopus. With keywords including: "Obesity" AND "Health Belief Model" OR "Health Belief" AND "Students". Full paper articles with RCT studies, research subjects were students, the relationship measure used was SMD, the outcome of the study was knowledge and perceived severity of obesity prevention. The analysis was conducted with RevMan 5.3 program. Results: There are 12 articles with randomized control trial designs originating from Iran, Iraq, India, Thailand, Australia with 2,261 research samples. Meta-analysis of 8 randomized control trial studies concluded that students who received HBM-based health education had knowledge in preventing obesity by 1.65 times higher than those without HBM education (SMD= 1.65; 95% CI= 0.60 to 2.70; p= 0.002). Meta-analysis of 6 randomized control trial studies concluded that students who received HBM-based health education had a perceived severity in preventing obesity by 1.85 times higher than those without HBM education (SMD= 1.08; 95% CI = 0.52 to 1.64; p= 0.002). Conclusion: HBM-based health education has a significant effect on increasing knowledge and perceived severity of obesity prevention in students.
Application of Health Belief Model of Tertiary Prevention Behavior in Elderly People with Hypertension: A Multilevel Analysis Zahro, Hallisa’tu; Demartoto, Argyo; Murti, Bhisma
Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/thejhpb.2025.10.02.03

Abstract

Background: The health of the elderly is influenced by various risk factors and changes from within themselves and their environment. These various conditions can affect health problems, functional status, level of independence and quality of life of the elderly. Deterioration of health in the elderly can manifest in a variety of diseases, including hypertension. Efforts to control the incidence of hypertension can be done through the provision of health education about hyper­ten­sion, which aims to raise awareness of hypertensives about the concept of hypertension, compli­cations, and how to overcome. This study aims to examine the application of the Health Belief Model (HBM) as a predictor by taking into account the contextual effects of the Elderly Integrated Healthcare Posts in Kepanjen, Malang, East Java, Indonesia. Subjects and Method: This study was an observational analytical study with a cross-sectional approach using a multilevel analysis model. The population in this study was all elderly people with hypertension at the Elderly Integrated Healthcare Posts in the working area of Kepanjen Commu­nity Health Center, Malang, East Java, Indonesia. The sample in this study was 200 elderly with hypertension at the Elderly Integrated Healthcare Posts in the Kepanjen Community Health Center Working Area, Malang, East Java, Indonesia. The study used the Stratified Sampling technique at the healthcare level (Elderly Integrated Healthcare Posts), and Stratified Random Sampling in the selection of the elderly. Results: Tertiary prevention behavior among elderly with hypertension increased with high self-efficacy (b= 0.57; CI 95%= 0.39 to 0.73; p<0.001), cues to action (b= 0.27; CI 95%= 0.35 to 1.71; p<0.001), female gender (b= 0.76; CI 95%= 0.10 to 0.42;  p<0.001), age 70-90 years (b= 0.37; CI 95%= -0.01 to 0.75; p= 0.060). Integrated health posts for elderly on the tertiary prevention beha­vior of hypertension. The Integrated Healthcare Posts had contextual effect on tertiary prevention behavior (ICC=29.87%; p<0.001). Conclusion: Tertiary prevention behavior of hypertension in the elderly increases with high self-efficacy, cues to action, female gender, age 70-90 years.
Application of Social Cognitive Theory to Promote Healthy Behavior Among the Elderly at Integrated Health Post for Elderly Afandi, Agil Rafi’ah; Demartoto , Argyo; Murti , Bhisma
Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/thejhpb.2025.10.02.04

Abstract

Background: The results of a survey by the Central Statistics Agency in 2021 reported that as many as 42.22% of the elderly population in Indonesia experience health problems. One of the factors that determines healthy behavior in the elderly is implementing healthy behavior. This study aims to examine the application of social cognitive theory as a determinant of healthy behavior of the elderly in Sukoharjo Regency, Central Java. Subjects and Method: This was a cross-sectional study carried out at integrated health post (posyandu) in Grogol, Sukoharjo Regency, Central Java, in June-July 2024. A sample of 200 elderly was selected purposively. Five villages were randomly selected. From each village, 6 primary strata Posyandu, 6 intermediate strata Posyandu, 6 purnama strata Posyandu, and 7 independent Posyandu were chosen. Then, from each selected Posyandu, 8 elderly individuals were randomly selected. The dependent variable is healthy behavior in the elderly. The independent variables are a number of constructs in social cognitive theory, namely observational learning, outcome expectation, outcome expectancy, reinforcement, and self-efficacy. Data were analyzed by multiple linear regression. Results: Healthy behaviors increased with observational learning (b= 0.17; 95% CI= 0.12 to 0.43; p= 0.001), outcome expectation (b=0.24; 95% CI= 0.02 to 0.473; p= 0.036), outcome expectancy (b= 0.36; 95% CI= 0.05 to 0.68; p= 0.025), reinforcement (b= 0.36; 95% CI= 0.10 to 0.84; p= 0.013),  and self efficacy (b= 0.55; 95% CI= 0.19 to 0.91; p= 0.003). Conclusion: Healthy behavior in the elderly is positively associated with observational learning, outcome expectation, outcome expectancy, reinforcement, and self efficacy.
Meta-Analysis: The Effect of HBM-Based Health Education on Improving Oral Health in Students Suryani, Weni Irma; Haryanti , Point; Sartika, Iik
Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/thejhpb.2025.10.02.05

Abstract

Background: Oral health problems are an important concern in health development, one of which is caused by the vulnerability of school-age children from oral and dental health disorders. School age is an important age in the growth and physical development of children. One of them is the habit of maintaining oral and dental health. This study aims to analyze and estimate the influence of HBM-based health education on oral and dental health in students. Subject and Method: The meta-analysis was performed according to the flow of the PRISMA diagram and the PICO model. The search for articles in this study is through databases that include PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct and Scopus. With keywords including: "Oral health" AND "Health Belief Model" AND "Students". Full paper article with RCT study, the subject of the study is the student, the measure of the relationship used is SMD, the outcome of the research is knowledge and perception of the severity of obesity prevention. Analysis was done with Revman 5.3 Results: There were 6 articles with randomized control trial designs from Iran and Hong Kong with 829 research samples. A meta-analysis of 6 randomized control trial studies  concluded that students who received HBM-based education had a 1.04-fold higher perceived benefit for improving oral health compared to students who did not receive education, and the effect was statistically significant (SMD= 1.04; CI 95%= 0.28 to 1.79; p= 0.007). A meta-analysis of 5 rando­mized control trial studies  concluded that students who received HBM-based education had a higher perception of severity to improve oral health 1.73 times compared to students who did not receive education, and the effect was statistically significant (SMD= 1.73; CI 95%= 0.49 to 2.98; p=0.006). Conclusion: HBM-based education has benefit to improve oral health.

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