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Reka Buana : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Sipil dan Teknik Kimia
Published by Universitas Tribhuwana Tunggadewi
ISSN : 25033654     EISSN : 25032682     DOI : -
Core Subject : Social, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering
Focus and Scope of this journal are : Chemical Engineering including : bioenergy processing, environmental engineering, natural resource management, Heat and Mass Transfer, Chemical Reaction, Analytical Chemistry, Biochemistry, Designing tools and chemical processes, Chemical industry process, Computing and modeling (simulation) process, Particle and nano technology, membrane technology, esessential oil technology, and phytopharmaca, etc. Civil Engineering including : technology of construction materials, transportation system, environmental layout, concrete and wood structures, steel construction, bridge and dam construction, management of water resources and Hydrology, earthquake engineering, sanitation systems and urban drainage.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 182 Documents
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Rekayasa Nilai Kriteria Desain Fasilitas Produksi Gas Alam Hibrah Hibrah; Sutrasno Kartohardjono; Mohammed Ali Berawi
Reka Buana : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Sipil dan Teknik Kimia Vol 6, No 2 (2021): EDISI SEPTEMBER 2021
Publisher : Universitas Tribhuwana Tunggadewi Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33366/rekabuana.v6i2.2642

Abstract

Natural gas is one of the primary hydrocarbon energies in Indonesia. The construction of natural gas production facilities is essential to accommodate domestic energy needs. These facilities include production, pipelines, and processing facilities in an integrated manner. This study used the hydrocarbon composition of Field-X with an average of 7.62% CO2 and 0.06% H2S. The alternative design uses a fixed platform (fixed platform), MOPU (Mobile Offshore Production Unit), and a Semi-Submersible platform. The design comparison criteria are capital expenditure (CapEx), net present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR), work completion time, safety risk, and flexibility of future facility development. Through the comparison method, it is found that Option A is the best option, which has a design criterion value of 57%, a higher NPV of $43,537,469.58 than the smallest NPV option, an IRR of 19%, and a payout time (POT) of 5 years. Option A uses a fixed platform with a pipeline to the north, the hydrocarbon separation process is carried out on an offshore platform, and the processing is carried out onshore. ABSTRAKGas alam merupakan salah satu energi hidrokarbon utama di Indonesia. Pembangunan fasilitas produksinya sangat penting untuk mengakomodasi kebutuhan energi dalam negeri. Fasilitas ini meliputi produksi, jalur pemipaan, dan fasilitas pengolahan hidrokarbon secara terintegrasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan komposisi hidrokarbon dari Lapangan-X dengan rata-rata CO2 7.62% dan H2S 0.06%. Alternatif desain menggunakan anjungan tetap (fix platform), MOPU (Mobile Offshore Production Unit), dan anjungan Semi-Submersible. Kriteria perbandingan desain adalah modal awal, nilai bersih saat ini (NPV), tingkat pengembalian internal (IRR), waktu penyelesaian pekerjaan, resiko keselamatan, dan flexibilitas pengembangan fasilitas kedepan. Melalui metode perbandingan yang dipadankan didapatkan Opsi A  adalah opsi terbaik, yang memiliki nilai kriteria desain 57%, NPV lebih tinggi $43,537,469.58 dibanding opsi NPV terkecil, IRR 19% dan waktu pembayaran (payout time/POT) 5 tahun. Opsi A  menggunakan anjungan tetap dengan jalur pemipaan ke arah Utara, proses separasi hidrokarbon dilakukan pada anjungan lepas pantai (offshore) dan pengolahannya dilakukan di darat (onshore). 
Alkali-Catalyzed Palm Oil Transesterification at Room Temperature : Effect of Stirring Time and Reaction Time Jimmy, Jimmy; Setyawan, Eko Yohanes; Rastini, Endah Kusuma
Reka Buana : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Sipil dan Teknik Kimia Vol 7, No 1 (2022): EDISI MARET 2022
Publisher : Universitas Tribhuwana Tunggadewi Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33366/rekabuana.v7i1.3211

Abstract

Transesterification of vegetable oil and methanol using a homogeneous base catalyst at a temperature of 60 ° C for 1 hour is the most efficient industrial scale. This study aims to compare the characteristics of KOH and NaOH catalysts in the transesterification of palm oil with variations in stirring time and reaction time for biodiesel production produced at room temperature. This study uses the raw material for palm oil and methanol with the ratio of mol 1: 6, variations of 1.0% catalyst and 0.5% NaOH of the weight of oil weight, 2-8 minutes stirring time variations, and 1-4 hours reaction time variations. Transesterification reactions are carried out in a closed Erlenmeyer with stirring time depending on the variation. A sampling of 10 ml is done every hour for 4 hours of reaction. Stirring is repeated with duration according to variations until the reaction time is 4 hours. Sample analysis uses Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC). The results are that (1) transesterification using a KOH catalyst gave the best results of 98.5% FAME with 8 minutes stirring time for 2 hours reaction time; (2) the NaOH catalyst gave the best result of 91.2% FAME with 8 minutes stirring time for 4 hours reaction time; (3) the KOH catalyst produced higher FAME concentrations with the same stirring time (8 minutes) in 2 hours reaction time, shorter than the NaOH catalyst, (4) transesterification with room temperature might be applied in the biodiesel industry.ABSTRAKTransesterifikasi minyak nabati dan metanol menggunakan katalis basa homogen pada temperatur 60°C selama 1 jam adalah yang paling efisien dalam skala industri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan karakteristik katalis KOH dan NaOH dalam transesterifikasi minyak kelapa sawit dengan variasi waktu pengadukan dan waktu reaksi terhadap produksi biodiesel yang dihasilkan pada temperatur kamar. Penelitian ini menggunakan bahan baku minyak kelapa sawit dan metanol dengan rasio mol 1:6, variasi katalis KOH 1,0% dan NaOH 0,5% berat terhadap berat minyak, variasi waktu pengadukan 2-8 menit dan variasi waktu reaksi 1-4 jam. Reaksi transesterifikasi dilakukan secara batch dalam Erlenmeyer tertutup dengan waktu pengadukan sesuai variasi. Pengambilan sampel sebanyak 10 mL dilakukan setiap jam selama 4 jam reaksi. Pengadukan diulang dengan durasi sesuai variasi hingga waktu reaksi 4 jam. Analisis sampel menggunakan Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC). Dari penelitian ini didapatkan hasil (1) Katalis KOH memberikan hasil terbaik 98,5% volume FAME dengan waktu pengadukan 8 menit selama 2 jam waktu reaksi; (2) katalis NaOH memberikan hasil terbaik 91,2% volume FAME dengan waktu pengadukan 8 menit selama 4 jam waktu reaksi; (3) katalis KOH menghasilkan produk dengan konsentrasi FAME lebih tinggi dengan waktu pengadukan yang sama (8 menit) dalam waktu reaksi 2 jam lebih singkat dibandingkan katalis NaOH, (4) transesterifikasi menggunakan temperatur kamar memungkinkan untuk diterapkan dalam industri biodiesel.
Capacity and Perfomance Evaluation of Drainage Channel (Case Study on Letjen Sutoyo Street Malang City) Efendi, Medi; Harifa, Ayisya Cindy; Sutikno, Sutikno
Reka Buana : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Sipil dan Teknik Kimia Vol 7, No 1 (2022): EDISI MARET 2022
Publisher : Universitas Tribhuwana Tunggadewi Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33366/rekabuana.v7i1.2807

Abstract

The channel along Jalan Letjen Sutoyo is a drainage channel that drains dirty water from the residential area of 0.65 km2. By evaluating the capacity and flow profile using the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM), it is hoped that flooding problems in the channel can be minimized. The capacity of the existing canal along Jalan Letjen Sutoyo is to accommodate a discharge of 13.62 to 29.09 m3/s so that we get the dimensions of a trapezoidal channel with a base width of 2.8 m with a height of 2.3 m at the beginning of the channel and becomes more extensive, namely a base width of 4 m with a height of 3.7 m. Enough capacity to accommodate a discharge of 29.09 m3/s. After the evaluation, it was found that there was accumulation at two points, namely J2 and J5, due to the maximum discharge added to the discharge from local settlements at that point. So it is necessary to redesign the channel to accommodate the discharge from the settlement. The redesign was only carried out by increasing the height of the channel to 5 m because increasing the width of the channel was not possible because the channel is in a densely populated area.ABSTRAKSaluran di sepanjang Jalan Letjen Sutoyo merupakan saluran drainase yang mengalirkan debit air kotor dari daerah Kawasan permukiman seluas 0,65 km2. Dengan membuat evaluasi pada kapasitas dan profil aliran dengan menggunakan Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) diharapkan permasalahan banjir pada saluran tersebut dapat diminimalisir.  Kapasitas saluran eksisting sepanjang Jalan Letjen Sutoyo adalah untuk menampung debit 13,62 hingga 29,09 m3/dt. Sehingga didapatkan dimensi berupa saluran trapesium dengan lebar dasar 2,8 m dengan ketinggian 2,3 m di awal saluran dan menjadi lebih besar yaitu lebar dasar 4 m dengan ketinggian 3.7 m. Kapasitas yang cukup untuk menampung debit sebesar 29,09 m3/dt. Setelah di evaluasi maka ditemukan adanya penumpukan pada dua titik yaitu J2 dan J5, akibat debit maksimum ditambahkan dengan debit yang berasal dari pemukiman setempat pada titik tersebut. Sehingga perlu adanya redesain saluran agar dapat menampung debit dari pemukiman. Redesain hanya dilakukan dengan penambahan ketinggian saluran menjadi 5 m, karena untuk penambahan lebar saluran tidak memungkinkan, karena saluran berada di wilayah padat pemukiman. 
Redesign of Prestressed Concrete Structures Using the Post Tension Method: A Case Study of the Construction of Laves Mall Surabaya Mahendra Nata, Eric Vianto; Komara, Indra; Susanti, Eka; Pertiwi, Dewi
Reka Buana : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Sipil dan Teknik Kimia Vol 7, No 1 (2022): EDISI MARET 2022
Publisher : Universitas Tribhuwana Tunggadewi Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33366/rekabuana.v7i1.3220

Abstract

In building construction, prestressed concrete is used for large spans and to increase capacity. One of them is the 16 meters long Lakes Surabaya Mall project. An important parameter is the effectiveness of the design, especially determining the parameters of the cross-sectional property. In this study, the redesign technique was used to assess the current condition in the hope that it could be modeled more effectively using cross-sectional dimensions. The design was evaluated theoretically using the concept of direct and indirect prestressing, then numerically verified using SAP2000. Prestressed beam with low relaxation PC60×12cm A416 grade 250 in the existing condition is modified using a lower dimension of 50×10cm A416 but has a grade value of 270, which is more extensive. The same data were used for criteria such as 35 MPa concrete quality, 100% load distribution factor, and 75% tendon stress percentage. The inspection results show that the transfer and service conditions are 10% smaller than the existing cross-section. A combined direct and indirect prestress loss of 19% still meets the design code.ABSTRAKDalam bidang konstruksi bangunan, beton prategang digunakan untuk bentang besar dan untuk meningkatkan kapasitas. Salah satunya adalah pada proyek Mall Lakes Surabaya sepanjang 16 meter. Parameter penting adalah efektivitas desain, terutama menentukan parameter properti penampang. Dalam penelitian ini, teknik desain ulang digunakan untuk menilai kondisi saat eksisting dengan harapan dapat dimodelkan lebih efektif dari penggunaan dimensi penampang. Desain dievaluasi secara teoritis menggunakan konsep prategang langsung dan tidak langsung, kemudian diverifikasi secara numerik dengan SAP2000. Balok prategang dengan relaksasi rendah PC60×12cm A416 grade 250 pada kondisi eksisting dimodifikasi menggunakan dimensi lebih rendah yaitu 50×10cm A416 akan tetapi memiliki nilai grade 270, yakni lebih besar. Data yang sama digunakan untuk kriteria seperti kualitas beton 35 MPa, faktor distribusi beban 100%, dan persentase tegangan tendon 75%. Hasil pemeriksaan menunjukkan bahwa kondisi transfer dan service 10% lebih kecil dari penampang eksisting. Dengan gabungan kehilangan prategang langsung dan tidak langsung sebesar 19%, yang mana masih memenuhi kaidah desain.
The Application of Catalytic Ozonation Technique using UV and Granular Activated Carbon (GAC) for Eliminating in Waste Phenol, COD, and 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane Ikhsandy, Ferry; Bismo, Setijo; Karamah, Eva Fathul
Reka Buana : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Sipil dan Teknik Kimia Vol 7, No 1 (2022): EDISI MARET 2022
Publisher : Universitas Tribhuwana Tunggadewi Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33366/rekabuana.v7i1.2854

Abstract

Process eliminating compounds of phenol, Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), and 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane using catalytic ozonation technique with catalyst Granular Activated Carbon (GAC) combination with Ultra Violet (UV) light emission performed in this study. This study aimed to obtain the effectiveness of applications catalytic ozonation technique using system configuration Ozone/GAC and Ozone/UV/GAC to eliminate waste phenol 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane COD with circulation time (0, 15, 30, 45, 60, and 120 minutes). The wastewater was derived from the wastewater Laboratory of Polyester Industrial in Bogor. The results were analyzed, comprised of COD with Ferrous Ammonium Sulphate (FAS) method, phenol using aminoantipirin method, and 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane with Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID) method. The result of study shown that the configuration of the Ozone/ UV/GAC with an initial concentration of phenol 58,00 mg/L, COD 72,00 mg/L and 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 32,96 mg/L resulted in the percentage of eliminating phenol 57,76%, COD 66,67% and 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 98,74% while the configuration of Ozone/GAC with an initial concentration of phenol 55,00 mg/L, COD 72,00 mg/L and 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 37,70 mg/L resulted in percentage of eliminating phenol 50,91%, COD 55,56% and 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 100%ABSTRAKProses penyisihan senyawa fenol, Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) dan 1,1,2,2-tetrakloroetana menggunakan teknik ozonasi katalitik dengan katalis Granular Activated Carbon (GAC) yang dikombinasikan dengan emisi sinar Ultra Violet (UV) dilakukan dalam penelitian ini. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk memperoleh efektivitas aplikasi teknik ozonasi katalitik menggunakan sistem konfigurasi, yaitu: Ozon/GAC dan Ozon/UV/GAC dalam penyisihan limbah fenol, COD dan 1,1,2,2-tetrakloroetana dengan waktu sirkulasi (0, 15, 30, 45, 60, dan 120 menit). Limbah cair yang digunakan berasal dari limbah cair Laboratorium Industri Polyester di daerah Bogor. Analisis yang dilakukan meliputi analisis COD dengan metode Ferro Ammonium Sulfat (FAS), analisis Fenol dengan menggunakan metode aminoantipirin dan analisis 1,1,2,2-tetrakloroetana dengan metode Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID). Setelah dilakukan penelitian, diketahui bahwa konfigurasi Ozon/UV/GAC dengan konsentrasi awal fenol 58,00 mg/L, COD 72,00 mg/L dan 1,1,2,2-tetrakloroetana 32,96 mg/L menghasilkan persentase penyisihan senyawa fenol 57,76%, COD 66,67% dan 1,1,2,2-tetrakloroetana 98,74% sedangkan konfigurasi Ozon/GAC dengan konsentrasi awal fenol 55,00 mg/L, COD 72,00 mg/L dan 1,1,2,2-tetrakloroetana 37,70 mg/L menghasilkan persentase penyisihan senyawa fenol 50,91%, COD 55,56% dan 1,1,2,2-tetrakloroetana 100%.
The Use of Marble Waste as a Coarse Agregate in Rigid Pavement Concrete Mixture Using Rice Husk Ash as an Admixture Saputro, Muhammad Yusuf Eko; Hasanuddin, Akhmad; Nurtanto, Dwi
Reka Buana : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Sipil dan Teknik Kimia Vol 7, No 1 (2022): EDISI MARET 2022
Publisher : Universitas Tribhuwana Tunggadewi Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33366/rekabuana.v7i1.3091

Abstract

Concrete is material from mixing fine sand, gravel, cement, and water. This study carried out concrete innovations to reduce marble waste in the environment and reduce the amount of cement used by replacing 10% of the total cement with rice husk ash. In this study, using variations in replacement of marble waste levels for compressive and flexural strength tests of 0% (standard concrete), 30%, 50%, 70% with a cylindrical specimen and a test object in the shape of beams were tested at the age of 14 and 28 days, each variation amounted to 3 test specimens. The results obtained in the test for the percentage of 30% compressive strength and flexural strength of concrete are 46.50 MPa and 5.67 MPa, 50% of compressive strength and flexural strength of concrete are 43.95 MPa and 4.83 MPa, and 70% percentage the compressive strength and flexural strength of concrete are 38.64 MPa and 4 MPa. Therefore, it is recommended to use a percentage of 50%, in which the percentage utilizes the most waste and can reduce the cost of concrete to be more economical, which is Rp. 932,476 for each m3 of it.ABSTRAKBeton adalah material dari hasil percampuran (mixing) antara agregat halus (pasir), agregat kasar (kerikil), semen serta air. Penelitian ini melakukan inovasi beton untuk mengurangi limbah marmer yang terdapat dilingkungan dan mengurangi jumlah penggunaan semen dengan mengganti 10% dari total semen dengan abu sekam padi. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan variasi penggantian kadar limbah marmer untuk uji kuat tekan dan kuat lentur sebesar 0% (beton normal), 30%, 50%, 70% dengan benda uji berbentuk silinder dan benda uji berbentuk balok yang diuji pada umur 14 dan 28 hari, masing masing variasi berjumlah 3 benda uji. Hasil yang diperoleh dalam pengujian untuk prosentase 30% kuat tekan dan kuat lentur beton sebesar 46,50 MPa dan 5,67 MPa, prosentase 50% kuat tekan dan kuat lentur beton sebesar 43,95 MPa dan 4,83 MPa dan, prosentase 70% kuat tekan dan kuat lentur beton sebesar 38,64 MPa dan 4 MPa. Maka dari itu direkomendasikan menggunakan prosentase 50%, dimana pada prosentase tersebut memanfaatkan limbah yang paling banyak dan dapat mengurangi biaya beton menjadi lebih ekonomis yaitu dari harga Rp. 1.045.767 menjadi Rp. 932.476 untuk tiap m3 nya.
Numerical Analysis of the Effect of Adding Bamboo Culms on Hollow Composite Concrete Column Structures on Axial Capacity Muhtadi, Sabilul; Umniati, B. Sri; Sulton, Mohammad
Reka Buana : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Sipil dan Teknik Kimia Vol 7, No 1 (2022): EDISI MARET 2022
Publisher : Universitas Tribhuwana Tunggadewi Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33366/rekabuana.v7i1.3188

Abstract

The problem of self-weight in a structure is an important thing to study. This study aims to find a solution to the problem of self-weight by making a hollow column structure. Bamboo is added to the column structure to replace the strength of the concrete volume lost due to voids. The test object consisted of four columns, three hollow columns with the addition of bamboo rods, and one solid column. Variations in the number of bamboo sticks, namely one, two, and four sticks, were inserted into a column with a cross-section of 300x300 mm and a height of 800 mm. The type of bamboo used is petung bamboo with a minimum age of three years with a diameter of ±120 mm. Twelve pieces of bamboo reinforcement measuring 15x10 mm and four pieces of steel reinforcement with a diameter of 10 mm were used as the primary reinforcement. For stirrups, closed stirrups with a diameter of 8 mm are used. The load given to the column is an axial load of 900 kN on the top surface of the column. From the results of the study, the presence of cavities and the addition of bamboo stems in the column caused an increase in the value of the axial deformation, from 0.2675 mm in the Solid Column, then Columns A, B, and C increased to 0.2707 mm, 0.2731 mm and 0.2874 mm respectively.ABSTRAKPermasalahan berat sendiri pada suatu struktur menjadi hal yang penting untuk dikaji. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan solusi dari permasalahan berat sendiri dengan membuat struktur kolom berongga. Untuk menggantikan kekuatan dari volume beton yang hilang karena rongga, maka ditambahkan bambu ke dalam struktur kolom. Benda uji terdiri dari empat kolom, tiga kolom berongga dengan penambahan batang bambu dan satu kolom solid. Variasi jumlah batang bambu yaitu satu, dua, dan empat batang,  dimasukkan ke dalam kolom dengan penampang 300x300 mm dan tinggi 800 mm. Jenis bambu yang digunakan yaitu bambu petung berumur minimal tiga tahun dengan diameter ±120mm. 12 buah tulangan bambu berukuran 15x10 mm dan 4 buah tulangan baja berdiameter 10 mm digunakan sebagai tulangan utama. Untuk sengkang, digunakan sengkang tertutup dengan diameter 8 mm. Beban yang diberikan pada kolom berupa beban aksial sebesar 900 kN pada permukaan atas kolom. Dari hasil penelitian, adanya rongga dan penambahan batang bambu pada kolom menyebabkan kenaikan nilai deformasi aksial, dari 0,2675 mm pada Kolom Solid, lalu Kolom A, B dan C berturut-turut meningkat menjadi 0,2707 mm, 0,2731 mm dan 0,2874 mm.
Effect of Addition of Potassium Permanganate (KMnO4) on Shelf Life of Bananas Coated With Chitosan Based Coating Meysyaranta, Syalistya; Effendy, Mohammad; Wardhono, Endarto Yudo
Reka Buana : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Sipil dan Teknik Kimia Vol 7, No 1 (2022): EDISI MARET 2022
Publisher : Universitas Tribhuwana Tunggadewi Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33366/rekabuana.v7i1.2875

Abstract

The most popular fruit is bananas. The problem bananas face declining quality or preservation of fruit before reaching the consumers. The decline in the quality of post-harvest bananas is generally caused by shrinkage of fruit mass and ripening caused by respiration and the presence of ethylene gas. One of the ways to prevent the decrease in the quality of bananas is by coating the fruit with Chitosan-based edible film. This study aims to determine the effect of adding ethylene absorber (KMnO4) to the coating Chitosan base and the composition of the coating film with the best performance in extending the shelf life of bananas. Edible film Nano Chitosan was synthesized from Sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) and the addition of Cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) as a stabilizer agent to form a nano-composite to improve the mechanical properties of the edible coating. The method used is to provide a coating of Chitosan, and nano Chitosan with the addition of CNC and KMnO4 applied on bananas. The analysis results showed that the composition of Chitosan-CNC-KMnO4 gave the optimum performance in decline shrinkage of bananas mass with a weight loss value of 4.87% in 5th days had the lowest sugar content value on the 5th day, which was 16%.ABSTRAKBuah yang paling digemari masyarakat salah satunya adalah Pisang. Salah satu problem terkait buah pisang adalah penurunan kualitas atau pengawetan buah pisang sebelum sampai konsumen. Penurunan kualitas buah pisang pasca panen pada umumnya disebabkan oleh penyusutan massa buah dan pematangan sebelum waktunya yang diakibatkan respirasi dan adanya gas Ethylene. Penurunan kualitas buah pisang dapat dihambat dengan melapisi buah dengan coating berbasis Chitosan. Tujuan dari penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan Ethylene absorber (KMnO4)  pada coating film berbasiskan Chitosan serta komposisi coating film dengan performa terbaik dalam memperpanjang umur simpan buah pisang. Edible film Chitosan dan nano Chitosan disintesis dari Natrium Tripolyphospate (TPP) serta penambahan Celulose Nano Crystal (CNC) sebagai agen stabilizer sehingga terjadi keadaaan nano-komposit untuk meningkatkan properti mekanis dari edible coating. Metode yang digunakan dengan memberikan coating berbasis Chitosan dan berbasis nano Chitosan dengan penambahan CNC dan KMnO4 pada buah pisang. Hasil analisa menunjukkan bahwa coating dengan komposisi nano Chitosan-CNC-KMnO4 memberikan performa terbaik dalam menghambat penyusutan buah pisang dengan nilai susut bobot 4,87% Dan juga dalam menghambat pematangan, buah pisang memiliki nilai kadar gula terendah, yaitu sebesar 16%.  
Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger Fouling Factor via Heat Transfer Research Inc (HTRI) Software Ismi Ari Fitria; Dessy Agustina Sari; Vera Pangni Fahriani; Mohammad Djaeni
Reka Buana : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Sipil dan Teknik Kimia Vol 7, No 2 (2022): EDISI SEPTEMBER 2022
Publisher : Universitas Tribhuwana Tunggadewi Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33366/rekabuana.v7i2.4030

Abstract

One of the factories for manufacturing Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) uses a shell and tube-type heat exchanger as a condenser. The shell and tube (HE) heat exchanger consists of small diameter tubes arranged in a cylindrical shell. In the tube and shell sections, hot (ethanol) and cold (water) fluids will flow so that heat transfer occurs directly. The use of heat exchangers regularly will reduce the performance of the tool. Due to the increasing fouling layer inside the HE, the device will work harder, and the heat process could be more optimal. It is necessary to analyze the performance of the heat exchanger using the parameter value of the fouling factor (Rd). The fouling factor can be calculated using the manual calculation method (via the Kern method) and the HTRI program. The involvement of the mathematical equation in the first method will be configured for the calculation results through process simulation in the HTRI software. Both ways are used for calibration between manual calculations and the HTRI software for the Rd values obtained. The fouling factor can be calculated using the manual method and HTRI software. The two methods used for calibration are manual calculations with HTRI software. The results from this analysis give a decrease in tool performance with a fouling factor of 0,01 Btu/(h.ft2.℉). ABSTRAKSalah satu pabrik pembuatan Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) menggunakan heat exchanger tipe shell and tube sebagai kondensor. Heat exchanger (HE) shell and tube terdiri dari sekumpulan tube berdiameter kecil yang disusun di dalam shell berbentuk silindris. Pada bagian tube dan shell akan dialirkan fluida panas (etanol) dan dingin (air) agar terjadi proses perpindahan panas secara tidak langsung. Penggunaan heat exchanger secara berkala akan mengurangi kinerja alat. Hal tersebut disebabkan oleh adanya lapisan fouling yang terus meningkat di bagian dalam HE sehingga alat akan bekerja lebih berat dan proses perpindahan panas tidak maksimal. Untuk mengatasi fenomena tersebut maka perlu dilakukan analisis kinerja heat exchanger menggunakan parameter nilai fouling factor (Rd). Fouling factor dapat dihitung menggunakan metode perhitungan manual (melalui metode Kern) dan penggunaan program HTRI. Keterlibatan persamaan matematis pada metode pertama akan dikonfigurasi hasil perhitungannya melalui simulasi proses pada software HTRI Kedua metode digunakan untuk kalibrasi antara perhitungan manual dengan software HTRI atas nilai Rd yang didapatkan. Hasil analisis perhitungan dengan kedua metode tersebut menghasilkan penurunan kinerja alat dengan nilai fouling factor sebesar 0,011 Btu/(jam.ft2.℉).  
Effect of Apple Dregs Mass and Processing Time on Pectin Extraction from Apple Dregs Roberto Mario Belo; Kun Aussieanita Mediaswanti
Reka Buana : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Sipil dan Teknik Kimia Vol 7, No 2 (2022): EDISI SEPTEMBER 2022
Publisher : Universitas Tribhuwana Tunggadewi Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33366/rekabuana.v7i2.4687

Abstract

Apples have the opportunity to develop their potential to the fullest. In the process of taking apple cider, apple dregs will be obtained. The dregs can be further processed or extracted to obtain pectin. This research was conducted to determine the optimum extraction time and mass to produce pectin from apple dregs. The experimental procedure includes raw material preparation, extraction, distillation, drying, and yield analysis. The method used is solid-liquid extraction using ethanol solvent. Time and mass of apple dregs and temperature according to the changing variables that have been determined, namely for the variable extraction time 120 minutes, 150 minutes, and 180 minutes, while the mass of dry apple dregs was 65 grams, 70 grams, and 75 grams while the operating temperature remained 70°C and the precipitating agent used is alcohol or 95% ethanol with 50% acetic acid as a solvent, as well as analysis of pectin content by spectrophotometry (UV-VIS). The study results showed the lowest concentration of 0.002 ppm and the lowest absorbance of 0.006 nm. Where the highest concentration is 2.5 ppm, and the highest absorbance is 0.241 nm, a calibration curve is formed linearly where y = 0.0936x + 0.0111 and R2 = 0.9931. From the results of the graphical analysis of the relationship between the effect of concentration and mass on time in the apple dregs pectin extraction process, the highest concentration was 1.9 ppm at mass 70 with a time of 180 minutes, and the lowest concentration was 0.7 ppm at mass 65 with a time of 120 minutes.

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