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Forest and Society
Published by Universitas Hasanuddin
ISSN : 25494724     EISSN : 25494333     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Environmental Science Social Sciences
Forest and Society is an international and interdisciplinary journal, which publishes peer-reviewed social, political and economic research relating to people, land, and forests. Forest and Society has main geographic focus on Southeast Asia but we do not limit research possibilities that compare between and across regions.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 208 Documents
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When Policies Problematize the Local: Social-Environmental Justice and Forest Policies in Burkina Faso and Vietnam Wong, Grace Yee; Karambiri, Mawa; Thu Thuy, Pham; Ville, Alizée; Hoang, Tuan Long; Linh, Chi Dao Thi; Downing, Andrea; Jiménez-Aceituno, Amanda; Brockhaus, Maria
Forest and Society Vol. 8 No. 1 (2024): JUNE
Publisher : Forestry Faculty, Universitas Hasanuddin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24259/fs.v8i1.34276

Abstract

We examine social-environmental justice in forest governance by asking who is problematized as drivers of deforestation and forest degradation. We adapt Bacchi’s “What is the problem represented to be” approach to the community forest (CAF) model in Burkina Faso and the Payment for Forest Environmental Services (PFES) in Vietnam and examine the implementation of these policies in specific sites through disaggregated focus group discussions (men, women, youth, ethnic minorities). We delve into the discursive, lived and subjectification effects of the policies’ problematizations, highlighting tensions and contestations relating to forest access and benefits. For both countries, what is left unproblematized in the implicit policy focus on the local is a “communal fix” of indigeneity tied to idealized and collective governance of fixed areas of land and exclusionary processes for those that do not fit the ideal. We argue that market-oriented approach in policies such as CAF and PFES absent of the wider underpinnings of the political and historical forest will only exacerbate social-environmental injustices.
Forest Tourism in Southeast Asia: A Bibliometric Analysis Santoso, Anang Dwi; Sajida, Sajida; Yusnaini, Yusnaini
Forest and Society Vol. 8 No. 2 (2024): DECEMBER
Publisher : Forestry Faculty, Universitas Hasanuddin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24259/fs.v8i2.26970

Abstract

With the potential to bring about considerable economic, social, and environmental advantages, forest tourism has emerged as a crucial industry for sustainable development in Southeast Asia. However, one of the biggest challenges is figuring out how to balance the consumption of natural resources with their conservation. As a result, this study uses bibliometric analysis to shed light on Southeast Asian forest tourism research. The Bibliometric R program was used in this study to assess a total of 174 articles that were chosen from the Scopus database using search criteria that included keywords such as forest, forestry, tourism, and touristry, limited to English-language journal articles from South Asian countries. The findings revealed that the key areas of focus in the analyzed studies centered on conservation and ecotourism. This bibliometric analysis also reveals periodic growth in forest tourism research, likely driven by increasing global and regional awareness of sustainable development goals, the economic potential of ecotourism, and the need to balance conservation with tourism activities. Additionally, the consistent pattern of author and institutional collaboration may be attributed to the interdisciplinary nature of forest tourism research, which often requires expertise from fields such as environmental science, sociology, and economics, fostering partnerships across institutions. These results offer insights into the development of future studies in forest tourism as well as empirical evidence to build strategies and policies for creating sustainable forest tourism.
Medicinal Plant Production System Management in Rural Java, Indonesia: Views of Local Actors from a Participatory Rural Appraisal Approach Astutik, Sri; Ahimbisibwe, Vianny; Hintz, Kendisha Soekardjo; Purwanto, Purwanto; Humaedi, Muhammad Alie
Forest and Society Vol. 9 No. 1 (2025): JUNE
Publisher : Forestry Faculty, Universitas Hasanuddin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24259/fs.v9i1.31352

Abstract

Medicinal plants’ production systems in Indonesia’s rural Java play a crucial role in sustaining local livelihoods and healthcare needs. Medicinal plants are managed by locals independently based on household preferences and endowments through wild gathering and cultivation-based production systems. However, these situations create a continual problem of weak bargaining positions. Thus, this study aimed to assess local needs and potential in supporting medicinal plants production systems management in Java, Indonesia, with the view to advance local actors' perspectives in a multistakeholder platform. The Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) approach proved useful in incorporating local knowledge in the planning and development of strategies. We implemented PRA techniques, such as problem identification based on a cause-and-effect diagram, group discussion and brainstorming, preference ranking of priority species, and a Venn diagram based on stakeholders' classification. These were carried out with 150 local actors from four villages. Results reveal that Candlenut tree are the preferred species in the wild gathering system, while Javanese turmeric and Broadleaf plantain are preferred in the cultivation-based production systems. Urgent interests include more lucrative gathering and cultivation, a remunerative market, and a reliable local economic institution. The PRA results demonstrate that local actors' involvement is highly required in administering production systems to enhance medicinal plants’ sustainable production and management.
Livelihood Vulnerability to Climate Change of Casava Smallholders in Central Highlands of Vietnam Lê, Sen; Nguyen, Hac Hien
Forest and Society Vol. 8 No. 2 (2024): DECEMBER
Publisher : Forestry Faculty, Universitas Hasanuddin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24259/fs.v8i2.32230

Abstract

This study utilized the Livelihood Vulnerability Index (LVI) within the IPCC framework (LVI-IPCC) for cassava farming households in the central highlands of Vietnam. Data were gathered from a household survey (364 households) in Krong Bong and Ea Kar districts, Dak Lak province, in-depth interviews (22 key informants) and two focus group discussions. By analyzing variations in LVI components and conducting a Poisson regression analysis, the results revealed that cassava farming households in the studied areas exhibited moderate vulnerability to climate change and variability. Variations in vulnerability levels were observed between the two districts, with disparities found across sensitivity, exposure, and adaptive capacity. Differences in LVI were also evident between the Kinh and ethnic minority groups and between the poor and non-poor farming households, primarily attributable to variations in adaptive capacity. Key determinants of household livelihood vulnerability included the intensity of climate risks, the frequency of extreme climate events, market risks, environmental shocks, land slope, land area at risk of flooding, climate change knowledge, transportation means, market linkages, access to credit, and income diversification. The study further proposed strategies for local authorities and relevant agencies to enhance climate change resilience among cassava farming households.
Why is Multi-Business Forestry Needed to Overcome the Low Performance of Forestry Governance and Food Security in Indonesia? Suryanto, Suryanto; Nurrochmat, Dodik Ridho; Tarigan, Suria Darma; Siregar, Iskandar Zulkarnaen; Yassir, Ishak; Silalahi, Mangarah; Mansur, Irdika; Harisson, Rhett D.; Wahyudi, Agus; Abdulah, Lutfy
Forest and Society Vol. 8 No. 2 (2024): DECEMBER
Publisher : Forestry Faculty, Universitas Hasanuddin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24259/fs.v8i2.32529

Abstract

The 0.6% contribution of the forestry sector to GDP is considered very low despite 64.1% of Indonesia's land area being allocated as forests. Most of the 64.8% production forest allocated is not yet optimized for strengthening national food security, in which Indonesia is ranked 65th in the world. Therefore, an innovative forest management system is needed to synergize timber and non-timber production. This paper presents a multi-business forestry (Mb-F) implementation strategy analyzed through a dynamic system-based multi-criterion decision-making tool named Super Model Mb-F (SM Mb-F). SM Mb-F is built based on a causal loop diagram (CLD), which describes the dynamic relationship between land typology suitability and decisions related to the type of business, commodities, land use area, workload, and financing for many variables relating to 5M business principles and sustainability. Results showed that CLD formulated in 280 sub-models in a total of 4,764 decision variables with an error deviation of 6.4%. The SM Mb-F simulation on two sample concession units produces a projected increase in wood supply, employment, and state revenue, plus the provision of new functions such as food, NTFP, and environmental services. These benefits are obtained by business feasibility. Assuming that gradually until 2030, the Mb-F can be implemented in 32% of Indonesia's production forests, then by 2045, it is projected that there will be an increase in wood production by 296.8%, state revenue by 654.3%, and labor absorption by 985.7%, as well as adding food production up to 19.36 M tons. This is because the land use efficiency of the current operation of forest concessions following the Annual Allowable Cut (AAC) under the selective cutting and replanting system in Indonesia (TPTI) is only about 3% of the total area of forest concession. Assuming the cutting cycle is 35 years, timber could be extracted in 1/35 of the total forest concession area. Implementing Mb-F will significantly improve the land use efficiency from about 3% to 90%.  The Mb-F will also restrain the rate of decline in carbon stocks, which is deeper if governance is still under the BAU scenario. This research suggests further global research, emphasizing the importance of innovative models for sustainable forestry governance and food security worldwide.
Environmental Governance Challenges of Indigenous Forest Recognition: Climate Solution Ideal and Its Uneven Outcomes in Indonesia Abdullah, Abdurrahman; Fisher, Micah R.; Sahide, Muhammad Alif K.
Forest and Society Vol. 8 No. 2 (2024): DECEMBER
Publisher : Forestry Faculty, Universitas Hasanuddin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24259/fs.v8i2.34423

Abstract

Formal policies on Indigenous land and forest rights recognition are increasingly being promoted as a climate solution in global forums. While this suggests a clear discursive victory for environmental justice movements, there has been less attention on the aftermaths of recognition. This in part owes to the novelty of policies on Indigenous land and forest recognition, but also due to the tendency among proponents to view formal legal victories as a means and ends of advocacy. In this paper, we spotlight what happens after recognition in Kajang, the site of the first Indigenous community to formally regain authority over state forests in Indonesia. We apply a lens from political ecology and draw from critical research on land and property to identify the unevenness of an emerging climate policy solution. Through grounded village-level research engagements lasting over three years in the span of over a decade, we identify a range of ethnographic perspectives on land, resources, authority, and shifting identity formation. Results highlight three main findings. First, while the assumption of community-based initiatives presumes the restoration of rights, new forms of enclosure and marginalization occur vis-à-vis policies of Indigenous land rights recognition. Second, the assumption of forest and environmental stewardship is by no means automatic, as land and resource concerns have a geographic dimension that may result in protection for some forests at the expense of others. Finally, Kajang is unique for its history and political economy making it difficult to assume parallel outcomes elsewhere. While environmental justice movements should continue to advocate for Indigeneity and forest and land recognition, more attention should be given to their underlying strategies and the implications of doing so.
Corruption in Social Forestry in Indonesia Ismariana, Ema; Kusuma, Aprisep Ferdhana; Permadi, Dwiko Budi; Kartodihardjo, Hariadi; Santoso, Widodo Budi; Maryudi, Ahmad
Forest and Society Vol. 8 No. 2 (2024): DECEMBER
Publisher : Forestry Faculty, Universitas Hasanuddin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24259/fs.v8i2.34782

Abstract

Social forestry is envisioned as a governance reform to empower rural communities to improve both the forest condition and their quality of life. In Indonesia, however, its implementation has been plagued by a number of governance-related issues including corrupt practices among various actors. Drawing on programs implemented in Java, we delve into the types and mechanisms by which corruption has occurred (or occurs) in various social forestry activities. Tracking experience across several phases of social forestry, the corrupt practices were initially performed among the field foresters and the higher hierarchies. These corrupt practices were later imitated by other actors, who increasingly considered them as normal and acceptable practices. In contemporary social forestry programs, corruption is conducted by diverse stakeholders, including smallholder farmers, public officials and other authorities among the bureaucracy, as well as non-government organizations. Corruption has significant bearing on policy initiatives and programmatic outcomes, as it inhibits the implementation of formal rules and norms of social forestry. Our historical tracing provides better insights into why corruption is not only a social forestry-related challenge but also a part of a larger societal problem as it has been normalized and deepened over decades.
Voices in the Forest: Unraveling REDD+ Discourse and Narratives in the Bale Eco-region, Ethiopia Chorito, Aklilu Bekele; Assefa, Engdawork
Forest and Society Vol. 9 No. 1 (2025): JUNE
Publisher : Forestry Faculty, Universitas Hasanuddin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24259/fs.v9i1.35334

Abstract

REDD+ projects are viewed in environmental discourse as a centralized framework to assist ongoing initiatives to stop deforestation and forest degradation and to advance sustainable forest management. This case study captures the intricacy of REDD+ narratives and their practical implications through a qualitative methodology that includes in depth interviews and document analysis. We used snowball sampling to identify participants with diverse perspectives on REDD+ discourses. The interviews were conducted with 25 key informants who represented a variety of stakeholder groups. Discourse analysis was applied to examine contrasting perspectives of ecological modernization and civic environmentalism storylines and narratives on REDD+ implementation. Additionally, it utilized content analysis to explore diverse viewpoints on REDD+ key dimensions and strategic aspects to gain valuable insights from different stakeholder coalitions. We identified three primary discourse coalitions: promoters, moderators, and opponents. The promoters, predominantly consisting of government agencies and international organizations, view REDD+ as a market-driven, technocratic solution to climate change. The moderators, comprise mostly of regional authorities, universities and local institutions, who tend to advocate for a more balanced approach, emphasizing social justice, local empowerment, and sustainable livelihoods. Opponents primarily include the private sector, civil society networks, scholars, indigenous communities and small-scale farmers, express concerns about the potential negative impacts of REDD+, including on land tenure, cultural disruption, and increased inequality. Our analysis reveals the power dynamics at play, with dominant discourses often overshadowing local perspectives. We argue that a more nuanced understanding of these competing narratives is crucial for effective REDD+ implementation. By considering the diverse perspectives of stakeholders and addressing underlying power imbalances, it makes it possible to harness the potential of REDD+ to promote both environmental conservation and social equity in the Bale Eco-region.

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