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Jambura Equilibrium Journal
Published by Universitas Negeri Gorontalo
ISSN : 26559110     EISSN : 26560445     DOI : 10.37479
Core Subject : Economy, Social,
Economics, Econometrics & Finance Social Sciences
The aims fo this journal is to provide a venue for academicians, researchers and practitioners for publishing the original research articles or reviews articles. The scope of the articles published in this journal deal with a broad range of topics, including Ecocnomic Development, Regional Develompent Planning, Public Finance, Economi of Small and Medium Enterprise, Financial and Monetery Policy, Project Evaluation, Modelling and Econometrics.
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Articles 75 Documents
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Market Concentration and Income Inequality Kartika, Atthahira Sastia
Jambura Equilibrium Journal Vol 7, No 2 (2025): Vol 7. No 2. July 2025
Publisher : Gorontalo State University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37479/jej.v7i2.27171

Abstract

The degree of market concentration across industries has been found to have increased recently. Analysing the data on Australia's firms. This study finds that market concentration is different across sectors. Some sectors are more concentrated than others. Following market concentration, income inequality is found to be increasing in Australia. Using data for Australia from 1980-2021, this study finds a positive relationship between market concentration, measured in markups, and income inequality. In addition, this study also provides the result for the relationship between income inequality, trade openness, and automation. Lastly, this study highlights the policy implication that is important to overcome the adverse impact of market concentration and income inequality.
ESG Reputation Risk under Climate Risk and Global Uncertainty in ASEAN Manufacturing Meiyanti, Fajar; Adhariani, Desi
Jambura Equilibrium Journal Vol 8, No 1 (2026): Vol 8. No 1. January 2026
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Gorontalo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37479/jej.v8i1.31773

Abstract

As the manufacturing sector expands, it faces growing scrutiny regarding its sustainability practices, with Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) reputation risk becoming an increasingly critical concern. This study investigates the relationship between climate risk, global uncertainty, and ESG-related reputational risk, using 465 observations from manufacturing companies listed in ASEAN countries between 2021 and 2023. Regression analysis indicates that climate risk has a positive effect on the Reputation Risk Index (RRI). This suggests that firms in regions with greater climate vulnerability are more exposed to ESG reputational challenges. Similarly, global uncertainty is positively and statistically significantly associated with RRI, implying that unpredictable policy and economic conditions can exacerbate reputational risks. These findings underscore the importance of integrating ESG considerations into corporate risk management, particularly in emerging economies with pronounced environmental and institutional risks. Firms are urged to strategically allocate resources toward sustainability initiatives to safeguard their reputation and operational resilience. Additionally, policymakers are encouraged to establish supportive regulatory environments that foster corporate transparency, ESG accountability, and adaptive capacity.
Structural Transformation and the Kuznets Hypothesis: Evidence from ASEAN Countries Sembiring, Eunike Novelia; Ahmad, Fahmi Salam
Jambura Equilibrium Journal Vol 8, No 1 (2026): Vol 8. No 1. January 2026
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Gorontalo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37479/jej.v8i1.34873

Abstract

According to the Kuznets hypothesis, economic development initially leads to higher income inequality, which then tends to decline as structural transformation and factor mobility increase. This dynamic remains particularly relevant for emerging ASEAN economies that are currently undergoing rapid structural changes in their production and employment structures. This study aims to analyze the relationship between economic greenness, economic sector structure, and income inequality in ASEAN countries, namely Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand. The data used is time series data, with the period adjusted based on the availability of each country. The analysis method used is descriptive analysis and Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL). The results show that Kuznets hypothesis is proven in Indonesia and Singapore. In addition, service sector share has a positive and significant influence on income inequality (Gini ratio) in Indonesia in the long run. However, the growing share of the service sector tends to raise inequality in Indonesia, suggesting that structural transformation which is not inclusively directed may widen income gaps despite economic growth.
Institutional Evaluation of the Indonesian Ombudsman Towards Effective, Inclusive, and Modern Public Service Oversight Pambudi, Andi Setyo; Hidayat, Rahmat; Putri, Desak Made Annisa Cahya
Jambura Equilibrium Journal Vol 8, No 1 (2026): Vol 8. No 1. January 2026
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Gorontalo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37479/jej.v8i1.36707

Abstract

Quality of public services are the central pillar of creating good governance. In practice, problems such as maladministration, abuse of authority, corruption, and low transparency and accountability are still challenges in implementing public services. The Indonesian Ombudsman is the institution that has a strategic role in supervising public services in Indonesia. Nevertheless, the effectiveness of the Ombudsman in overseeing public service delivery in Indonesia faces numerous challenges, rendering its role less than optimal. This study aims to 1) analyze the effectiveness of the Ombudsman of the Republic of Indonesia in supervising public services; 2) analyze the current Ombudsman institution based on strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats; and 3) formulate strategies and improve the effectiveness of Ombudsman supervision in the context of more effective, inclusive and modern public services. This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive-exploratory design based on literature studies and the analysis SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) method. The results of this study indicate that it is necessary to carry out institutional reform of the Ombudsman, which includes the fulfillment of human resource support. The Ombudsman also needs to transform into a more modern institution that does not only act reactively to reports/complaints from the public that come to the Ombudsman but is also proactive in designing policies and recommendations.
Effect of the WTO Trade Facilitation Agreement on Trade in Environmental Goods Ayufi, Nori
Jambura Equilibrium Journal Vol 8, No 1 (2026): Vol 8. No 1. January 2026
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Gorontalo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37479/jej.v8i1.36621

Abstract

The World Trade Organisation’s Trade Facilitation Agreement (WTO TFA) is designed to streamline cross-border trade by reducing administrative delays and costs through improved border procedures. Despite this goal, TFA's specific influence on the trade of environmental goods has not yet been empirically investigated. Therefore, this study fills the gap by using panel data from 2017 to 2021 and applying random-effect estimation to investigate the relationship between TFA and trade of environmental goods in developing and least-developed countries. The outcome indicates that there is no evidence the TFA impacts the trade of environmental goods. The result is robust across alternative estimation methods, subsample analysis, and the use of different standard errors. One possible explanation is that TFA implementation may not be sufficiently targeted towards environmental goods, or the commitment under the TFA does not accurately capture actual implementation. In contrast, control variables such as GDP, population, and industrialisation level significantly impact the trade of environmental goods.

Page 8 of 8 | Total Record : 75

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