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Jambura Equilibrium Journal
Published by Universitas Negeri Gorontalo
ISSN : 26559110     EISSN : 26560445     DOI : 10.37479
Core Subject : Economy, Social,
Economics, Econometrics & Finance Social Sciences
The aims fo this journal is to provide a venue for academicians, researchers and practitioners for publishing the original research articles or reviews articles. The scope of the articles published in this journal deal with a broad range of topics, including Ecocnomic Development, Regional Develompent Planning, Public Finance, Economi of Small and Medium Enterprise, Financial and Monetery Policy, Project Evaluation, Modelling and Econometrics.
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Articles 71 Documents
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Evaluating The Nexus of Renewable Energy's in Economic Growth Realities: Autoregressive Distributed Lag Approach Kuncoro, Trian Gigih; Susanto, Deni Aditya
Jambura Equilibrium Journal Vol 6, No 1 (2024): Vol 6. No 1. January 2024
Publisher : Gorontalo State University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37479/jej.v6i1.23411

Abstract

This article about energy in an economic context, energy fossil has become one of the causes of issues faced by humanity. These problems have cascading impacts, ranging from climate damage to individual health and global socio-economic conditions. This study aimed to elucidate the effects of renewable energy, fossil energy, labor force, foreign direct investment and carbon dioxide emissions on economic growth. The analytical tool employed was the ARDL bound test. Secondary data from annual series spanning from 1986 to 2020. The study found a two-way cointegration between labor force, foreign direct investment, and economic growth. Based on the methodology used, conclusions were drawn regarding short-run and long-run relationships. In the short run, both fossil and renewable energy had unidirectional relationships with economic growth. Carbon dioxide emissions had a negative impact on economic growth in the short-run and the long-run. Labor force and economic growth exhibited a two-way relationship in the long-run. Consequently, energy transition policies and the imposition of carbon emission taxes could have negative short-run implications for Indonesia's economic growth, while the reverse may be true in the long run. Economic growth may reach a peak and then decline and policymakers should maximize existing non-renewable energy sources. A policy requiring to control more fossil fuel energy sources and discover untapped reserves is worthy of continuation and even strengthening. The findings provide an understanding of the relationship between renewable energy and economic growth as a necessity for the energy transition. The study has limitations in assumptions when interpreting the findings.
Indonesia's Potential Trade Flow to EAEU Countries: The Gravity Model Approach Ristanto, Didi
Jambura Equilibrium Journal Vol 6, No 2 (2024): Vol 6. No 2. July 2024
Publisher : Gorontalo State University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37479/jej.v6i2.24981

Abstract

This research aims to examine the Indonesia's potential trade flow to EAEU countries using Augmented Gravity Model with Pseudo Poisson Maximum Likelihood (PPML) estimator, revealed comparative advantage (RCA) index, and constant market share analysis (CMSA) index on trade flows data for the period 2002-2022. The results indicates that trade relation between Indonesia and EAEU countries align with Heckscher-Ohlin Theory of trade, which states that dissimilar countries tend to trade more. Furthermore, the finding emphasizes the importance of Indonesia-EAEU preferential trade agreement to reduce or eliminate tariffs which otherwise will increase trade between both parties.
Analysis of Several Factors Affecting Labor Force Absorption in East Java Province for the Years 2017 - 2022 Safitri, Fera Nurlaila; Suhartono, Edy
Jambura Equilibrium Journal Vol 6, No 1 (2024): Vol 6. No 1. January 2024
Publisher : Gorontalo State University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37479/jej.v6i1.22673

Abstract

Evaluating the government's success in economic development is essential to assess how effectively the government can address unemployment and enhance job opportunities. To ensure that the workforce is optimally absorbed, it must be accompanied by the creation of new and abundant job opportunities. Labor issues are a common concern in developing countries like Indonesia, which has a large population. A significant population size leads to a substantial labor force, resulting in a high number of job seekers and unemployed individuals, which in turn leads to relatively low incomes. This research aims to analyze several factors influencing labor force absorption in East Java from 2017 to 2022. This research method utilizes secondary data, which consists of a 6-year panel data from 2017 to 2022. The analytical method employed in this research is multiple linear regression. The results of this research indicate that the minimum wage and economic growth do not have a significant impact on labor force absorption in East Java Province. On the other hand, the average years of schooling have a considerable influence on labor force absorption in East Java Province. This research serves as valuable input for determining the direction and future development strategies and can be used as a reference for predicting the labor force conditions in East Java. The imbalance between the large labor force and available job opportunities in East Java highlights the need for the government to focus more on labor force absorption in the province. These three factors can serve as a guide for the government in addressing labor force issues, aiming to optimize labor force absorption and consequently boost economic growth in East Java Province.
Analysis of Theil Comparative Decomposition Index to Measure Regional Inequality Due to Industrialization Residues Susanto, Deni Aditya; Wijaya, Oki; Ardiana, Wiwik; Tantiana, Tantiana
Jambura Equilibrium Journal Vol 6, No 2 (2024): Vol 6. No 2. July 2024
Publisher : Gorontalo State University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37479/jej.v6i2.25202

Abstract

The Industrial sector in Kendal County, Indonesia, is one of the national strategic projects aimed at promoting investment accumulation and job creation. Unfortunately, the rapid development of this Industrial sector has resulted in income inequality compared to other sectors. This research aims to examine and measure the contribution of the Industrial sector in Kendal County to aggregate inequality. Methodologically, this research uses a quantitative descriptive approach, which involves indexing inequality to reveal economic phenomena. The inequality indices include the Gini ratio index, the Williamson index, and the Theil index. In Kendal County, inequality is at a moderate to high level, as evidenced by a Gini ratio index of 0.411 and a Williamson index of 0.775. On the other hand, the Theil index reaches 0.519, placing it in between the Gini ratio and the Williamson index. The high inequality in Kendal County is attributed to the Industrial sector, accounting for 41.19%. The Industrial sector significantly contributes to the widening of inequality in Kendal County. This is due to the Industrial sector attracting production input factors such as investments, resources, human capital, monetary conditions, and technological innovation. However, the trickle-down effect does not occur between the Industrial sector and other economic sectors such as agriculture, food and beverages, trade, services, and accommodation.
The Impact of Population Growth Rate, Minimum Wage, and Education on The Unemployment Rate in 2022 Mahdali, Amelia
Jambura Equilibrium Journal Vol 6, No 1 (2024): Vol 6. No 1. January 2024
Publisher : Gorontalo State University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37479/jej.v6i1.23513

Abstract

Increasing living standards is the main goal of economic development. Unfortunately, the government does not appear to be concerned about the current unemployment issue. The unemployment rate is typically correlated with population growth and is not reinforced by the availability of new jobs; employers' unwillingness to create jobs for them means finding or creating jobs is impossible. Conversely, low levels of education can raise unemployment because it will be harder to find an appropriate job without expertise or knowledge. On the other hand, living an acceptable life and earning an adequate income will improve life quality. This research aimed to examine the relationship between rates of unemployment and the rate of population growth, the minimum wage, and the typical duration of schooling. Secondary data from 2022 was used in this investigation. The research applied double regression analysis with SPSS version 22 as the analytical tool. Based on the analysis's findings, migration, birth rate, and death rates were the main influencing factors, with a significant rate of 0.793>α=0,005 indicating that the population growth rate did not affect the unemployment rate. The minimum wage had a long-term effect rather than a direct one during the year, even though it had no obvious impact on the unemployment rate of 0.189>α=0.05. The data showed that, even though the typical duration of schooling rises annually, the unemployment rate is significantly influenced by it (0.001
Export Performance Analysis on Indonesian Yellowfin Thunas (HS 030342) in the United States Market Datau, Noufaldo Rahmatullah; Hendrati, Ignatia Martha
Jambura Equilibrium Journal Vol 6, No 2 (2024): Vol 6. No 2. July 2024
Publisher : Gorontalo State University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37479/jej.v6i2.24192

Abstract

Tuna is a major fish commodity that has high economic value that dominates the export market of Indonesian fishery industry products. This study was carried out to analyze competitiveness, comparative advantage, trading patterns and trends of Indonesian tuna exports in the United States market from 2013-2022 using the Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Revealed Symmetric Comparative Advantage (RSCA), and Constant Market Share (CMS). The results showed that Indonesia's RCA value is above one (>1) during the 2013-2022 period, meaning that Indonesian tuna has competitiveness, the RSCA value is also above one (>0), meaning that Indonesian tuna has a comparative advantage. According to the CMS analysis, Indonesia's growth of standard exports to the United States is still lower than the growth of world standard exports to the United States so that Indonesia's export performance is still relatively low. The distribution effect of the Indonesian tuna market shows a positive value which means that Indonesia has succeeded in showing good product distribution performance to the market. The effect of commodity composition and the effect of competitiveness of Indonesian tuna shows a negative value so that Indonesia is considered to have not met the market and is less competitive.
Analysis of Determinants Influencing The Labor Force Participation Rate (LFPR) of Women in East Java Province For The Years 2018-2022 Cholifah, Nurul; Sutrisno, Sutrisno
Jambura Equilibrium Journal Vol 6, No 1 (2024): Vol 6. No 1. January 2024
Publisher : Gorontalo State University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37479/jej.v6i1.22558

Abstract

The role of women is not only to be a wife and housewife, but their existence can provide its color in economic activities. This research aims to analyze of determinants influencing the labor force participation rate of women in East Java Province for the years 2018-2022. This research consisted of 38 regencies/cities in East Java Province over 5 years so there were 190 observations, obtained from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS). This research method uses quantitative analysis with panel data regression. The research results show that the best model is the Fixed Effect Model. Partially, women's per capita expenditure (X1) has a positive and insignificant effect on the labor force participation rate of women (Y). The average number of years of schooling for women (X2) has a positive and significant effect on the labor force participation rate of women (Y). The minimum wage in districts/cities (X3) has a negative and insignificant effect on the labor force participation rate of women (Y). Gross Regional Domestic Product (X4) has a negative and significant effect on the labor force participation rate of women (Y). Simultaneous research results in women's per capita expenditure (X1), average years of schooling for women (X2), minimum wage in districts/cities (X3), and Gross Regional Domestic Product (X4) together have a significant effect on the labor force participation rate of women (Y). As the number of labor force participation rate of women increases every year, it is hoped that the development strategy in East Java District/City will move towards a strategy that prioritizes improving the quality of human resources, through soft skills and hard skills training.
The Effectiveness of Development Performance in Gorontalo Province Over Two Cycles of RPJMD (2012-2022) Baruwadi, Mahludin H.; Humalanggi, Mahyudin; Akib, Fitri Hadi Yulia; Hippy, Mohammad Zubair; Lantepon, Nancy N.; Butolo, Ivana
Jambura Equilibrium Journal Vol 6, No 2 (2024): Vol 6. No 2. July 2024
Publisher : Gorontalo State University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37479/jej.v6i2.24642

Abstract

This research aims to: 1) analyze the effectiveness of development performance achievements in Gorontalo Province over two cycles: RPJMD in 2012-2017 and RPJMD in 2017-2022; and 2) formulate recommendations for the effective achievement of development targets. The method employed was a survey utilizing secondary data in the form of time series with documentation data collection instruments. The effectiveness of development achievements was analyzed using descriptive statistics, and data were presented in tables, figures, and graphs. The effectiveness of development achievements was examined based on the trend of main development indicators in the two RPJMD cycles of Gorontalo Province from 2012-2017 and 2017-2022 and compared with the set targets. The research findings indicate that the development performance of Gorontalo Province during the period 2012-2022 reflects diverse dynamics. Economic growth experienced fluctuations with an initial surge in 2012 and the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. The Human Development Index showed improvement, indicating efforts to enhance social conditions and the population's welfare, although it remains within the moderate category. The agricultural sector changed with increased maize production due to the Agropolitan program, but further efforts are needed to improve farmers' income and rural economic diversification. Surveys on community satisfaction revealed improvements in the quality of public services and governance and accountability enhancements. Despite positive achievements, Gorontalo Province still faces challenges in achieving better and sustainable performance in improving community welfare.
Minimizing Disguised Equity as Mandated by the Income Tax Law of Indonesia Setiawan, Widy
Jambura Equilibrium Journal Vol 6, No 1 (2024): Vol 6. No 1. January 2024
Publisher : Gorontalo State University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37479/jej.v6i1.23092

Abstract

The Indonesian government has limited the Debt-to-Equity Ratio (DER) to a maximum of 4:1 since the 2016 tax year and reduced the corporate income tax rate from 25% to 22% since the 2020 tax year. I compared data on public companies in Indonesia and Thailand to see the impact of reducing tax rates to reduce Tax Avoidance and reduce Disguised Equity. I also analyzed the findings of eleven previous studies regarding the effectiveness of DER restrictions in Reducing Tax Avoidance and Disguised Equity. As a result, a decrease in the tax rate has not been correlated with tax avoidance and DER. DER restrictions, although effective in reducing Disguised Equity, are ineffective in boosting tax revenues through company capital structure changes because with a DER limit of 4:1, companies still have room for tax savings. The DER limit of 4:1 is still higher than the average DER in sample companies of 0.3:1. Therefore, I suggest that the government immediately implement interest cost limitation regulations with the Interest Expense Limitation Based on EBITDA provisions as recommended by the OECD. I simulated changes in interest cost financing restrictions for companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange between 2016 and 2021 if using a DER limit of 4:1 and if using Interest Expense Limitation Based on EBITDA. As a result, the government can increase potential tax revenues significantly.
The Correlations Between Economic Growth and Socio-Economic Indicators in Nagan Raya Regency Noviyanti, Mariska; Noviar, Helmi; Badli, Saiful
Jambura Equilibrium Journal Vol 6, No 2 (2024): Vol 6. No 2. July 2024
Publisher : Gorontalo State University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37479/jej.v6i2.24380

Abstract

This study aims to examine the relationship between economic growth and poverty, income inequality, and the quality of human resources. This study uses secondary data, namely time series data over 15 years from 2007-2021. The results of the empirical research show that economic growth is weakly correlated with poverty, income inequality, and human resource quality. In addition, it does not show any causal relationship. However, it is interesting that there is a negative correlation between poverty and the human development index and a positive and negative correlation between poverty and inequality. Several policy implications are recommended to the government about the results of the study and empirical analysis.

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