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INDONESIA
Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Ichthyology)
Published by Masyarakat Iktiologi Indonesia
ISSN : 16930339     EISSN : 25798634     DOI : https://doi.org/10.32491
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Aims and Scope Aims: Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Ichthyology) aims to publish original research results on fishes (pisces) in fresh, brackish and sea waters including biology, physiology, and ecology, and their application in the fields of fishing, aquaculture, fisheries management, and conservation. Scope: This journal publishes high-quality articles dedicated to all aspects Aquaculture, Fish biodiversity, Fisheries management, Fish diseases, Fishery biotecnology, Moleculer genetics, Fish health management, Fish biodiversity.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 420 Documents
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Effectiveness of the addition of Datura metel L. leaves extract in diet to prevent the streptocococcis on Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) fry Irfan Rhamadhan; Rosidah Rosidah; Yuli Andriani
Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia Vol 15 No 3 (2015): October 2015
Publisher : Masyarakat Iktiologi Indonesia (Indonesian Ichthyological Society)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32491/jii.v15i3.60

Abstract

This research aimed to determine the dose addition of Datura metel leaves extract in diet for effective prevention of streptocococcis on tilapia fry. The research was arranged in completely randomized design with five treatments and three replications. The D. metel leaves extract mixed into the diet with 5 different doses, namely A (0 ppm), B (1000 ppm), C (1500 ppm), D (2000 ppm) and E (2500 ppm). Clinical symptom, survival rate, total leukocyte, feed conversion and water quality were observed. The result showed that the addition of D. metel leaves extract in the amount of 1500 ppm was the most effective to prevent the streptocococcis on tilapia fry, which characterized by no clinical symptom, high leucocyte and highest survival rate (100%). Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan dosis penambahan ekstrak daun kecubung pada pakan yang efektif untuk pencegahan streptocococcis pada benih ikan nila sultana Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758). Penelitian mengguna-kan Rancangan Acak Lengkap yang terdiri atas lima perlakuan dengan tiga kali ulangan. Perlakuan yang digunakan adalah penambahan ekstrak daun kecubung pada pakan dengan konsentrasi A (0 ppm), B (1000 ppm), C (1500 ppm), D (2000 ppm), dan E (2500 ppm). Parameter yang diamati adalah gejala klinis, kelangsungan hidup, jumlah sel darah pu-tih, rasio konversi pakan, dan kualitas air. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penambahan ekstrak daun kecubung pada pakan dengan konsentrasi 1500 ppm paling efektif mencegah streptococcocis pada benih ikan nila, yang diperli-hatkan dengan tidak munculnya gejala klinis, jumlah sel darah putih yang relatif tinggi,dan kelangsungan hidup terting-gi (100%).
Concentration of heavy metals (Cd, Hg, and Pb) of amazon sailfin catfish, Pterygoplichthys pardalis (Castelnau, 1855) in Ciliwung River West Java Yuang Dinni Aksari; Dyah Perwitasari; Nurlisa A. Butet
Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia Vol 15 No 3 (2015): October 2015
Publisher : Masyarakat Iktiologi Indonesia (Indonesian Ichthyological Society)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32491/jii.v15i3.61

Abstract

Amazon armored catfish (Loricariidae) Pterygoplichthys pardalis is abundant in the Ciliwung River and consumed by local people. The present status of the Ciliwung River is polluted by heavy metals and fishes from this river may have the potential hazardous effect on human health. The aim of this study was to analyze the concentration of heavy metals (Cd, Hg, and Pb) in Amazon armored catfish organs from the Ciliwung River. Fish collection and water sampling were conducted in the rainy and dry seasons in three parts of the Ciliwung River, i.e. Bogor (upstream), Depok (middle), and Jakarta (downstream). Heavy metal concentrations were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tuckey’s test using R.i386 3.0.0 were performed to access whether heavy metal concentrations varied significantly between location, season, organ and heavy metal. The average of Cd concentrations in the gills, liver,and muscle were 0.000146 ^g.g'1; 0.000828 ^g.g'1; 0.000075 ^g.g'1, respectively. The average of Hg concentrations in the gills, liver, and muscle were 0.002826 ^g g-1; 0.004333 ^g g-1; 0.003960 ^g.g'1 respectively. The average of Pb concentrations in the gills, liver, and muscle were 0.002571 ^g g-1; 0.005467 ^g g-1; 0.001609 ^g.g'1 respectively. The concentration of heavy metals in fish organs were below the permissible limits of the environmental standard of Indonesia and FAO. Heavy metal concentrations in the water were below the baseline of the Indonesia Government Regulation. ANOVA clearly revealed that there was no significant variation of the heavy metal concentrations among the sites and seasons, however the significant difference was found among the organs and type of heavy metal. Local people should be aware because some heavy metals have the tendency to accumulate in various organs of Amazon armored catfish in the Ciliwung River. Abstrak Ikan sapu-sapu (Loricariidae) melimpah di Sungai Ciliwung dan dimanfaatkan sebagai salah satu sumber protein he-wani. Kondisi perairan Sungai Ciliwung ditengarai tercemar logam berat dan jika mengkonsumi ikan sapu-sapu dari sungai ini akan beresiko bagi kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis konsentrasi logam berat (Cd, Hg, dan Pb) pada beberapa organ ikan sapu-sapu dari Sungai Ciliwung. Sampel ikan dan air sungai diambil pada musim peng-hujan dan kemarau di tiga lokasi sepanjang Sungai Ciliwung, yaitu Bogor (hulu), Depok (tengah), dan Jakarta (hilir). Konsentrasi logam berat diukur menggunakan spektrofotometer serapan atom (SSA), dianalisis menggunakan uji ANOVA dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Tuckey dengan bantuan program R.i7386 3.0.0. Rata-rata konsentrasi Cd pada in-sang, hati, dan otot ikan berturut-turut 0,000146 ^g.g'1; 0,000828 ^g.g'1; 0,000075 ^g.g'1. Rata-rata konsentrasi Hg pada insang, hati, dan otot ikan berturut-turut 0,002826 ^g.g'1; 0,004333 ^g.g'1; 0,003960 ^g.g'1. Rata-rata konsentrasi Pb pada insang, hati, dan otot ikan berturut-turut 0,002571 ^g.g'1; 0,005467 ^g.g'1; 0,001609 ^g.g'1. Konsentrasi ketiga logam berat pada organ ikan maupun air sungai berada di bawah nilai ambang batas menurut Standar Nasional Indonesia, FAO, maupun Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia. Uji ANOVA menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi logam berat pada organ tubuh ikan berdasarkan lokasi dan musim tidak berbeda nyata, namun konsentrasi logam berat antar organ target dan jenis logam berbeda nyata. Perlu kehati-hatian dalam mengkonsumsi ikan sapu-sapu dari Sungai Ciliwung karena beberapa logam berat telah terdeteksi pada organ ikan tersebut.
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in seawater, marine sedimen and their accumulation in the Bombay-duck, Harpadon nehereus (Hamilton, 1822) of Tarakan waters Ratno Achyani; Tri Prartono; Etty Riani
Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia Vol 15 No 3 (2015): October 2015
Publisher : Masyarakat Iktiologi Indonesia (Indonesian Ichthyological Society)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32491/jii.v15i3.62

Abstract

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) are the most toxic pollutants among the hydrocarbon families and their existence in the marine environment are harmful to aquatic organisms and human because of their mutagenic and carcinogenic properties. The purpose of this study was to identify the component of PAHs and their concentration in the water, sediment and their accumulation in the muscle and liver of the Harpadon nehereus. Water and sediment samples were collected in the three locations and fish sample in one location surrounding the Tarakan Island in September 2010. All samples were extracted using a soxhlet apparatus, and injected to the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS Shimadzu QP2010, with a detection limit of 0.001 ppb) after being cleaned up for identification. Total PAH concentrations ranged from 6.36-380 ^g/l and 50-136 ng/g in the water and sediment, respectively. Total PAH concentrations in muscle and liver ranged from 605-1067 ng/g and -1679 ng/g, respectively. There was an indication that the Tarakan waters has been contaminated by PHAs which derived from coastal activities, and PHAs accumulated in the body of H. neherus. Abstrak Hidrokarbon aromatik polisiklik (PAH) merupakan bahan pencemar beracun dari kelompok hidrokarbon dan keberada-annya di lingkungan laut berbahaya bagi organisme akuatik dan manusia karena bersifat mutagenis dan karsinogenis. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi komponen PAH dalam air dan sedimen laut serta akumulasinya dalam daging dan hati ikan Horpodon neherus. Pengambilan sampel air dan sedimen dilakukan pada bulan September 2010 di tiga lo-kasi dan contoh ikan di satu lokasi di sekitar perairan Pulau Tarakan. Seluruh sampel diekstraksi dalam perangkat sox-hlet dan dianalisis dengan Kromatografi Gas-Spetrometri Massa (GC-MS) tipe Shimadzu QP2010 dengan detection limit sebesar 0,001 ppb. Konsentrasi total PAH dalam air dan sedimen berturut-turut berkisar antara 6,36-380 p.g/l dan 50-136 ng/g. Konsentrasi PAH total dalam daging dan hati ikan H. neherus berkisar antara 605-1067 ng/g dan 9771679 ng/g. Perairan Tarakan terindikasi telah terkontaminasi PAH yang diduga berasal dari kegiatan sekitar pulau Tara-kan dan PAH telah terakumulasi dalam tubuh ikan H. neherus.
The use of otolith to determine age and spawning time of red devil Amphilophus labiatus [Gunther, 1864] in Sermo Reservoir, Yogyakarta Sitty Ainsyah Habibie; Djumanto Djumanto; Rustadi Rustadi
Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia Vol 15 No 2 (2015): June 2015
Publisher : Masyarakat Iktiologi Indonesia (Indonesian Ichthyological Society)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32491/jii.v15i2.63

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the age and spawning time of red devil (Amphilophus labiatus) based on the observation of the daily increment of otolith in juvenile fish. The sampling was conducted from October 2013 to March 2014. The juveniles were collected biweekly using a hapa net and scoop net. To determine the first formation of daily increment, the brood stock of tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) was spawned in captivity. A total of five larvae was taken every day from hatching day until the 18 days old, and then the larvae were taken every two days. Sagittal otoliths were collected by putting the larva into a 5.25% NaOCl solution. The left otolith was attached to the object glass using Bucherer cement, and then dropped with Canada balsam and closed by cover glass. The numbers of daily increment were observed by using a microscope with a magnification 100-400 X. The age was determined based on the number of daily increment plus the first time of ring formation. Spawning time was determined by back calculation of the sampling time, plus age and incubation period. The result showed that there were 130 individual juveniles collected ranged from 7.0 to 14.6 mm total length (TL). The formation of daily increment on 69 sagittal otolits was observed. The first sagittal increment was formed on the third day after hatching and the forming of the increment was daily. The ages of juvenile red devil were between 9-28 days old and majority of the larvae in 17 days. Red devil spawned coincided with the new moon phase and high intensity of rainfalls. Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan umur dan waktu pemijahan ikan red devil berdasarkan jumlah lingkaran ha-rian pada otolit juwana ikan. Penelitian dilakukan dari bulan Oktober 2013 hingga Maret 2014. Pengambilan contoh ikan dilakukan tiap dua mingguan dengan menggunakan waring dan seser. Guna menentukan awal pembentukan ling-karan harian pada otolit, maka dilakukan pengamatan terhadap otolit larva ikan nila albino (Oreochromis sp.) hasil te-tasan. Sebanyak lima ekor larva diambil tiap hari sejak menetas hingga umur 18 hari, selanjutnya larva diambil tiap dua hari. Otolit sagitta diambil dengan cara merendam ikan menggunakan larutan NaOCl 5,25%. Otolit yang tertinggal se-lanjutnya direkatkan pada objek gelas menggunakan semen bucherer, dan ditutup menggunakan kanada balsam serta kaca penutup. Pengamatan jumlah lingkaran harian menggunakan mikroskop dengan pembesaran 100-400 kali. Umur larva ikan ditentukan berdasarkan jumlah lingkaran pada otolit ditambah waktu terbentuknya lingkaran pertama kali se-jak penetasan. Waktu pemijahan larva ikan diduga dengan perhitungan balik dari waktu sampling ditambah umur dan masa pengeraman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebanyak 130 juwana ikan red devil dengan kisaran panjang 7,0-14,6 mm berhasil dikumpulkan dan sebanyak 69 otolit berhasil diamati. Pembentukan lingkaran pada otolit nila albino dimu-lai pada hari ketujuh setelah pemijahan atau hari ketiga setelah penetasan dan terbentuk secara harian. Juwana ikan red devil berumur 9-28 hari, yang didominasi oleh larva berumur 17 hari. Ikan red devil memijah setiap bulan dari November hingga Februari, bertepatan dengan bulan fase gelap dan curah hujan tinggi.
Effect of immersion of larvae at multiple doses sumbawa honey on sex ratio and growth of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) Neri Kautsari; Siti Rahma; Dedy Syafikri
Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia Vol 15 No 2 (2015): June 2015
Publisher : Masyarakat Iktiologi Indonesia (Indonesian Ichthyological Society)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32491/jii.v15i2.64

Abstract

One of the efforts of farmers to improve their production is through the cultivation of single sex populations (monosex) male. Honey is a natural ingredient that contains crysin and aromatase inhibitors that play a role in the process of mas-culinization of fish. This study aimed to determine the effect of immersion larvae of tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) on media containing multiple doses of sumbawa honey against sex ratio, growth and growth rate. The experimental method with a completely randomized design was used. The amount of treatment used in this study was four treatments (0 ml L-1, L-1 10 ml L-1, 20 ml L-1, and 30 ml L-1) with three replications. Each treatment consisting of 30 fish. Immersions of larvae for 12 hours. To determine the effect of a dose of honey sumbawa to all parameters, ANOVA (analysis of variance) at the level of 95% was performed. The results showed that differences in honey doses given in the immersion process did not have a significant effect on the sex ratio and growth of tilapia. Abstrak Salah satu usaha pembudidaya dalam meningkatkan produksi adalah dengan cara memelihara populasi tunggal kelamin (monoseks) jantan. Madu merupakan salah satu bahan alami yang mengandung crysin dan penghambat aromatase ber-peran dalam proses pemaskulinan ikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh perendaman larva ikan nila Oreochromis niloticus (L) dalam media pemeliharaan yang mengandung beberapa dosis madu sumbawa terhadap nisbah kelamin, pertumbuhan, dan laju pertumbuhan. Metode yang digunakan adalah eksperimen Rancangan Acak Leng-kap satu faktor, dengan perlakuan dosis madu sumbawa (0 ml L-1, 10 ml L-1, 20 ml L-1, dan 30 ml L"1). Larva ikan nila direndam pada masing-masing perlakuan selama 12 jam dan tiap perlakuan memiliki tiga ulangan dengan 30 ekor ikan pada tiap perlakuan. Untuk menentukan adanya pengaruh dosis madu sumbawa terhadap keseluruhan parameter pene-litian, dilakukan analisis dengan menggunakan ANOVA (analysis of variance) pada taraf kepercayaan 95%. Hasil pe-nelitian menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan dosis madu yang diberikan dalam proses perendamann tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap nisbah kelamin ikan dan pertumbuhan ikan nila.
The potential of arfak rainbowfish Melanotaenia arfakensis Allen 1990 as biocontrol of mosquito larvae Emmanuel Manangkalangi; Simon P. O. Leatemia; Paskalina Th. Lefaan; Hans F. Z. Peday; Luky Sembel
Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia Vol 15 No 2 (2015): June 2015
Publisher : Masyarakat Iktiologi Indonesia (Indonesian Ichthyological Society)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32491/jii.v15i2.65

Abstract

Research on the potency of arfak rainbowfish as a biocontrol of mosquito larvae was held in Fisheries Laboratory FPPIK, the Universitas Negeri Papua from August to November 2013. The aim of this study was to describe the potency of arfak rainbowfish as a biocontrol of mosquito larvae and compared it with two introduction fish species, Gambusia affinis and Aplocehilus panchax. All of the three species collected from Prafi River, Manokwari were acclimatized for one month in the laboratory. Male individuals were selected and grouped into four size classes according to body length. Three individuals were chosen to represent each species in each size class. Each individual was treated with mosquito larvae (stage IV instars and pupae) of 100 individuals separately, as well as 50 individual instars and pupae simultaneously. The level of predation and selectivity of both prey types was recorded, within 15-minute observation period. All of the three species showed levels of predation on instars and pupae increased with increasing body size. The level of predation on instars was higher than the pupae when the two treatment preys were treated separately. Furthermore, the predation level of arfak rainbowfish on instars and pupae higher than the other two fish species in all size classes, and also the relative degree of selectivity did not differ between the two types of prey in each size class. These results as well as other criteria, indicates M. arfakensis has potential as a biocontrol agent to mosquito larvae. Abstrak Penelitian potensi ikan pelangi arfak sebagai biokontrol larva nyamuk dilaksanakan di laboratorium Laboratorium Perikanan FPPIK Universitas Negeri Papua pada bulan Agustus sampai November 2013. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan potensi ikan pelangi arfak sebagai biokontrol larva nyamuk dan membandingkannya dengan dua spesies ikan introduksi Gambusia affinis dan Aplocheilus panchax. Ketiga spesies ini dikoleksi dari daerah aliran Sungai Prafi, Manokwari yang diaklimatisasi selama satu bulan di laboratorium. Dipilih individu jantan dan dikelompokkan berda-sarkan panjang tubuh ke dalam empat kelas ukuran. Tiga individu dipilih mewakili setiap spesies dan kelas ukuran. Setiap individu diberi perlakuan dengan larva nyamuk (tahap instar IV dan pupa) sebanyak 100 individu secara terpisah, serta 50 individu instar dan pupa secara bersamaan. Tingkat pemangsaan dan pilihan kedua tipe mangsa ini dicatat, waktu pengamatan 15 menit. Ketiga spesies menunjukkan tingkat pemangsaan terhadap instar dan pupa semakin meningkat dengan sema-kin besarnya ukuran tubuh, tingkat pemangsaan terhadap instar lebih tinggi dibandingkan pupa pada perlakuan pemberian kedua mangsa secara terpisah. Selanjutnya, tingkat pemangsaan ikan pelangi arfak terhadap instar dan pupa lebih tinggi dibandingkan kedua spesies ikan lainnya pada semua kelas ukuran, serta tingkat pilihan yang relatif tidak berbeda di antara kedua tipe mangsa pada setiap kelas ukuran. Hasil penelitian ini dan juga kriteria lainnya, menunjukkan bahwa ikan pelangi arfak memiliki potensi sebagai agen biokontrol terhadap larva nyamuk.
Lysozyme gene insertion in striped catfish Pangasianodon hypophthalmus (Sauvage, 1878) to generate desease resistence breeds line Wartono Hadie; Sularto Sularto; Lies Emmawati Hadie; Angela Mariana Lusiastuti; Alimuddin Alimuddin; Evi Tahapari; Huria Marnis
Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia Vol 15 No 2 (2015): June 2015
Publisher : Masyarakat Iktiologi Indonesia (Indonesian Ichthyological Society)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32491/jii.v15i2.66

Abstract

Bacterial disease in catfish has many detrimental to farmers, especially in the larvae stadium in the hatchery up to ready size of stocking seed. Therefore we need technology that can produce disease resistant of catfish. In that regard, one of the antimicrobial enzyme namely lysozyme which plays an important role in the maternal immunity can be introduced into the catfish genome. This study aimed to evaluate the success of the lysozyme gene insertion into the genome of striped catfish to generate maternal disease resistance. Gene transfer method was done by using electroporation on striped catfish spermatozoa. Lysozyme plasmid electroporation performed with a dose 100^g ml-1 and 125V.cm-1, pulse length 30 milliseconds with a pulse interval 0.1 milliseconds and pulse number 5 times. Electroporated spermatozoa were used to fertilize the egg. Lysozyme gene insertion success was indicated by tests performed on embryogenesis, larval, and seed stage. The test results at both DNA and RNA level showed a positive result. Individual that brings the lysozyme gene will be used as a candidate for breed line maternal immune as other ways to formation of resistant disease varieties. Abstrak Serangan penyakit bakterial pada ikan patin telah banyak merugikan para pembudi daya ikan patin terutama pada seg-men perbenihan hingga ukuran siap tebar. Oleh karena itu diperlukan teknologi yang mampu menghasilkan ikan patin yang tahan penyakit. Berkaitan dengan hal itu, salah satu enzim antimikroba yaitu lisozim yang memainkan peranan penting dalam imunitas bawaan dapat diintroduksikan ke dalam genom ikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevalu-asi keberhasilan insersi gen lisozim ke dalam genom ikan patin siam sebagai galur ikan patin tahan penyakit. Transfer gen dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik elektroporasi pada spermatozoa ikan patin siam. Elektroporasi dilakukan dengan konstruksi gen lisozim berupa plasmid DNA dosis 100 ^g.ml-1 dengan voltase 125 V. cm-1, panjang kejutan 30 milidetik dengan interval kejutan 0.1 milidetik dan jumlah kejutan lima kali. Spermatozoa hasil elektroporasi digunakan untuk membuahi telur. Pengujian keberhasilan insersi gen lisozim dilakukan pada tahap embrio larva, dan pada benih. Hasil pengujian, baik pada tingkat DNA maupun pada tingkat RNA dari sampel spermatozoa dan larva (whole cell), memperlihatkan hasil yang positif. Individu ikan patin yang membawa gen lisozim dan telah terintegrasi ke dalam ge-nomnya akan digunakan sebagai kandidat dalam pembentukan galur ikan patin tahan penyakit.
Estimating total allowable catch and mapping potential fishing zones for tuna in the Flores Sea: A remote sensing-geographic information system perspective Mukti Zainuddin; M. Banda Selamat; Muhammad Ridwan; Sarip Hidayat; Achmar Mallawa
Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia Vol 15 No 2 (2015): June 2015
Publisher : Masyarakat Iktiologi Indonesia (Indonesian Ichthyological Society)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32491/jii.v15i2.67

Abstract

Flores Sea is one of the most potential tuna fishing grounds in Indonesia. However, the information about potential stock, distribution and abundance of tuna in that area is little known. The objectives of this study were to estimate the Total Allowable Catch (TAC) and to map the potential pelagic fishing zones for tuna dominated by yellowfin tuna in the Flores Sea. Firstly, the Maximum Sustainable Yield (MSY) was estimated using Surplus Production Model and then the TAC was calculated using the 80% of the MSY. The six years’ time series data (2008-2013) of catch and fishing effort data were used for this study. Secondly, satellite images of sea surface temperature (SPL) and chlorophyll-a together with catch data were used to map out the potential predicted area based on the level of probability of their preferred oceanographic ranges for the period of October-December 2013. Results indicated that the exploitation rate for tuna was approximately 55% of the TAC (44 % of MSY level) on average during the last 6 years. The Potential predicted fishing zones for tuna well formed in December, and mostly occurred in the surrounding waters of the Selayar main island and from the areas of south western Jampea, Kayuadi, and Tarupa Islands to the north eastern area of the Flores Sea. These results were consistent with the empirical data. As a result, to exploit tuna resources optimally at the TAC level, this study recommended that the fishermen utilize the potential fishing zones defined by the preferred area of both SST and chlorophyll-a. These findings suggested that the potential fishing zone maps constructed from satellite images provided important information to locate spatially and temporally potential tuna fishing zones in the Flores Sea. Abstrak Laut Flores merupakan salah satu daerah potensial penangkapan tuna di Indonesia, namun informasi potensi, distribusi dan kelimpahannya belum banyak diketahui. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengestimasi potensi sumber daya ikan tuna yang dinyatakan dalam jumlah tangkapan yang diperbolehkan (JTB) dan memetakan zona potensi penangkapan ikan (ZPPI) tuna tersebut (didominasi oleh ikan tuna madidihang) di Perairan Laut Flores. Analisis dikembangkan dalam dua tahap, pertama mengestimasi hasil tangkapan maksimum lestari (MSY) dan JTB menggunakan enam tahun data time series produksi dan upaya penangkapan (2008-2013), dan kedua, data satelit suhu permukaan laut (SPL) dan klorofil-a digunakan untuk memetakan ZPPI tuna berdasarkan tingkat probabilitas kesesuaian faktor oseanografi terha-dap kelimpahan ikan tuna pada periode musim puncak Oktober-Desember 2013. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pemanfaatan sumber daya ikan tuna di Laut Flores adalah 55% dari JTB atau 44% dari MSY berdasarkan pro-duksi rata-rata enam tahun terakhir. Formasi ZPPI tuna paling produktif ditemukan pada bulan Desember di sekitar per-airan Selayar dan dari perairan barat daya Pulau Jampea, Kayuadi, Tarupa hingga ke timur laut Laut Flores. Hasil pre-diksi ZPPI ini konsisten dengan data lapangan. Untuk mengeksploitasi potensi tuna secara optimal di Laut Flores pada level JTB, nelayan diharapkan beroperasi pada ruang dan waktu yang tepat di ZPPI tersebut. Penelitian ini menyajikan informasi spasial dan temporal tentang lokasi ZPPI tuna yang divisualisasi dari data satelit untuk mendeteksi keberada-an dan kelimpahan ikan tuna pada musim puncak di Laut Flores.
Biometric characterization three population of semah mahseer Tor douronensis (Valenciennes, 1842) in support to conservation of genetic resources Otong Zenal Arifin; Jojo Subagja; Wartono Hadie
Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia Vol 15 No 2 (2015): June 2015
Publisher : Masyarakat Iktiologi Indonesia (Indonesian Ichthyological Society)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32491/jii.v15i2.68

Abstract

Semah mahseer populations are threatened due to the massive exploitation by fishermen, and disrupt the genetic diversity, thus resulting in the disruption of the natural population sustainability. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the genetic diversity semah mahseer from the Alas River, Mount Leuser, South East Aceh. This is the first step to maintaining a source of genetic diversity semah mahseer. Truss morphometric used to analyze the shape of the body that divides the body of the fish into the truss cell and the truss line. The results showed that the character of the three semah mahseer populations has an increasing internal diversity in the population - 1 to population-3 i.e. 62.5 %, 81.0 % and 85.7 % respectively. Population - 1 is a common form of all populations that showed the relationship between populations. Population - 2 received the sharing allele 25.0 % of the population - 1, and retained in the internal population of 81.0 % and 19.0 %, which is a common form of the population 1 and population- 2. Population-3 received the sharing allele 12.5% of the population - 1, and retained in the internal population of 85.7 % and 14.3%, which is a common form of the population-2 and population - 3. In general, genetic diversity increased from population-1 to population-3. Therefore population-3 is a potential candidate to be developed in the cultivation and conservation. Abstrak Ekploitasi berlebih ikan semah oleh para nelayan, merupakan ancaman terhadap populasi dan mengganggu keragaman genetik yang berakibat pada terganggunya kelestarian populasi ikan ini di alam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi keragaman genetik populasi ikan semah yang berasal dari Sungai Alas, Gunung Leuser Aceh Tenggara sebagai upaya awal langkah yang dapat ditempuh untuk mempertahankan sumber keragaman genetik. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis bentuk tubuh dengan truss morphometric, yang membagi tubuh ikan kedalam truss cell dan truss line. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa karakter tiga populasi ikan semah dari Sungai Alas memiliki keragaman internal yang semakin meningkat dari populasi-1 hingga populasi-3 secara berturut-turut 62,5%; 81,0%; dan 85,7%. Ke-eratan hubungan antarpopulasi ditunjukkan oleh populasi-1 yang menjadi bentuk umum dari semua populasi. Populasi-2 menerima sharing allele sebesar 25% dari populasi-1 dan dipertahankan dalam populasi internalnya sebesar 81,0% dan 19,0% menjadi bentuk umum (common allele) dari populasi-1 dan populasi-2. Populasi-3 menerima sharing allele dari populasi-1 sebesar 12,5% dan dipertahankan dalam populasi internalnya sebesar 85,7% dan 14,3% menjadi bentuk umum dari populasi-2 dan populasi-3. Secara umum keragaman genetik semakin meningkat dari populasi-1 hingga po-pulasi-3. Dengan demikian populasi-3 dapat digunakan sebagai populasi kandidat untuk dikembangkan dalam budidaya dan konservasi.
Growth performance of catfish, Clarias gariepinus Burchel 1822, cultured in biofloc-based system with addition of the heterotrophic bacteria cells Salamah Salamah; Nur Bambang Priyo Utomo; Munti Yuhana; Widanarni Widanarni
Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia Vol 15 No 2 (2015): June 2015
Publisher : Masyarakat Iktiologi Indonesia (Indonesian Ichthyological Society)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32491/jii.v15i2.69

Abstract

Super-intensive fish culture activities can lead the deterioration of water quality. Biofloc technology application can reduce the ammonia wastes and converts into bacterial biomass that can be used as a food source for fish. This study aimed to analyze the influence of heterotrophic bacterial cell concentrations in water and feed supplementation to improve the culture performances of catfish (C. gariepinus) on biofloc-based culture system. The experiments were conducted within 42 days consisted of five treatments, namely: (K-): system without biofloc, (K+) system with biofloc, (A) biofloc + L1k cells (102 CFU mL-1), (B) biofloc + L1k cells (104 CFU mL-1), and (C) biofloc + L1k cells (106 CFU mL*). The results showed that the growth performance of catfish cultured in biofloc system with the addition heterotrophic bacterial cell concentrations at 104 CFU mL-1 showed the best results compared to other treatments, with the value of survival rate was 92.67% ± 6.92, feed conversion ratio was 0.90 ± 0.07, and daily growth rate of 6.10% ± 0.09. Bacterial cells abundance were ranging from 104 CFU mL-1 up to 108 CFU mL-1, either with or without the addition of hetero-trophic bacterial cells. Abstrak Penerapan teknologi bioflok mampu mengurangi limbah amonia menjadi biomassa bakteri yang dapat dijadikan sebagai sumber pakan bagi ikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh konsentrasi sel bakteri heterotrofik da-lam air dan pakan suplemen untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan ikan lele dumbo (Clarias gariepinus) pada sistem berba-sis bioflok. Percobaan dilakukan dengan lima perlakuan, yaitu: (K-) Tanpa bioflok, (K +) Bioflok, (A) Bioflok + L1k (102 CFU mL-1), (B) Bioflok + L1k (104 CFU mL-1), dan (C) Bioflok + L1k (106 CFU mL-1). Empat hari sebelum dilakukan pemeliharaan (H-4) diinokulasikan bakteri heterotrofik sebanyak 10 ml m-3 air dengan konsentrasi sesuai perlakuan dan molase cair 10 g ke media pemeliharaan. Pemeliharaan ikan dilakukan selama 42 hari, dengan frekuensi pem-berian pakan 2 kali sehari dan tingkat pemberian pakan 5% dari biomassa ikan. Pemeliharaan ikan dilakukan selama 42 hari dengan frekuensi pemberian pakan 2 kali sehari dan tingkat pemberian pakan 5% dari biomassa ikan. Penambahan sel bakteri L1k ke dalam media budidaya dilakukan seminggu sekali sebanyak 10 ml m-3 dengan konsentrasi sel 102, 104, dan 106 CFU ml-1. Penambahan molase dilakukan setiap hari ke media bioflok dengan rasio C:N akhir sebesar 15:1. Kinerja pertumbuhan ikan yang diamati meliputi parameter kelangsungan hidup, pertumbuhan, rasio konversi pakan, populasi sel bakteri total dan sel bakteri L1k. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kinerja produksi ikan lele dumbo pada perlakuan bioflok lebih baik dibanding tanpa bioflok. Penambahan sel bakteri heterotrofik L1k 104 CFUml-1 menunjukkan hasil terbaik dengan nilai tingkat kelangsungan hidup 92,67% ± 6,92, rasio konversi pakan 0,90 ± 0,07, dan laju pertumbuhan harian 6,10% ± 0,09. Kelimpahan sel bakteri total berkisar dari 104 CFU mL-1 hingga 108 CFU mL-1, baik dengan maupun tanpa penambahan sel bakteri heterotrof.

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