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INDONESIA
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink)
Published by Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi
ISSN : 02169541     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Energy
Enerlink adalah jurnal yang diterbitkan 2 kali setahun oleh Pusat Teknologi Pengembangan Sumberdaya Energi dan Industri Kimia BPPT di bidang energi dan lingkungan. Enerlink is a scientific journal that publishes twice annually by Centre of Energy Technology and Chemical Industry of BPPT.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 322 Documents
 8   9   10   11   12 
PENGARUH FAKTOR UDARA TERHADAP PARAMETER OPERASI FLUIDIZED BED GASIFIER BIOMASSA Rahardjo, Bambang Suwondo
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink) Vol 5, No 1 (2009)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (428.456 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/elk.v5i1.1576

Abstract

Development on fluidized bed gasification of biomass has been initiated byYayasan Dian Desa collaboration with NEDO (New Energy and IndustrialTechnology Development Organization of Japan) starting from small scale(2000?2003), bench?scale tests (2004?2005) and pilot?plant (2006?2009). Since2006, a cooperative research and development on fluidized?bed gasification ofbiomass established and agreed between the BPP Teknologi, Yayasan DianDesa and NEDO to investigate the influence of the air factor on other gasifieroperation parameters: bed temperature, gas calorific value and gasifier coldefficiency. The experiments were carried out with the following kinds of biomass:rice husk, sawdust, sugarcane bagasse and spent coffee grounds. Therelationship between the gasifier cold efficiency and air factor shows that thecurves for rice husk and sawdust have a maximum; for bagasse the relationshipis decreasing because of intensive elutriation; for spent coffee grounds due tofeeder limitations, it was not possible to feed the biomass flow corresponding toair factor values greater than 0.2. The low efficiency values are a consequence ofthe lack of thermal insulation in the freeboard zone.Kata kunci: fluidized bed, gasification, biomassa
PERBANDINGAN KARAKTERISTIK PENCAIRAN BATUBARA BANKO DAN TANITO HARUM SEBAGAI EFEK KERJA KATALIS LOGAM TRANSISI Hanif, Muhammad; Adiarso, Adiarso
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink) Vol 4, No 2 (2008)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (222.21 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/elk.v4i2.1535

Abstract

Characterization of two oil derived from Indonesian lower-rank coals from SouthBanko (SB) and Tanito Harum (TH) were carried out after liquefied in thepresence of nickel/molybdenum (Ni/Mo) and cobalt/ molybdenum (Co/Mo)catalysts without added solvent. Both coals treated with Ni/Mo have highconversion than those treated with Co/Mo when reacted with hydrogen withinitial pressure of 6MPa at 400oC for 30 minutes. However, with sulfur (CS2)added, the difference between Ni/Mo and Co/Mo catalysts for conversion of bothcoals is eliminated. SB-coal exhibits better conversion than that of Ni/Mo orCo/Mo-treated TH-coal. This probably due to the structure of TH coal is morecondensed and stronger than that of SB coal. The effect of single metal (Ni, Coor Mo separately) could explain the different conversion between Ni/Mo andCo/Mo with and without sulfur and also the difference between SB and TH whenthey reacted with Ni/Mo and Co/Mo with and without added sulfur. The order ofeffectiveness for SB, when it reacted in the absence of sulfur, was decreasedfrom Ni Mo Co. But the order was shifted to Mo Ni Co. The similar order wasalso found for TH coal under the same conditions. The study also shows thatreactivity of SB coal was higher than that of TH coal. This results in better yield offuels. Fortunately, the TH coal is still potentially developed for introducing theefficient process of sub bituminous coal liquefaction in Indonesia.Kata Kunci: coal liquefaction, katalis Ni/Mo, Banko, Tanito Harum
POTENSI PENGHEMATAN ENERGI LISTRIK DI INDUSTRI KARPET Hasan, Achmad
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink) Vol 5, No 2 (2009)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (566.153 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/elk.v5i2.1567

Abstract

Potential energy savings is one way to plan for optimizing the supply and use ofenergy needed by the industry. Portrait of the use of electrical energy used incarpet industry supplied from PT.PLN (Persero) with the power contract for 1730kVA through 2 pieces of the transformer with electrical energy consumption by anaverage of 19,979,941 kWh per year. Supplies of gas / diesel fuel oil for boilerfeed of 1.4537 million m3 per year with a calorific value of 6 tons / hour and 900liters of diesel oil per year. Working voltage is still in the allowed range, while forthe voltage unbalance is still low at under 2.5% and total harmonic distortionvoltage is still low at 2% and this can be expressed less well and there are lowpower factor at some expense. In case: PT.Classic Prima Carpet Industries.Kata kunci: energi, listrik, penghematan, filter harmonik, konversi, konservasi
STUDI PARAMETER KELAYAKAN USAHA PENCAIRAN BATUBARA DI INDONESIA Permana, Adhi Dharma
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink) Vol 7, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (174.998 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/elk.v7i1.2734

Abstract

Coal liquefaction technology holds promise to provide synthetic liquid fuels as a substitute for conventional liquid fuels. For the purpose of application of a hig investment and advance technology, such as coal liquefaction technology, the competitiveness of its product need to be assessed before pursuing a commercial venture. The market of coal liquefaction technology is the oil fuels market of which its price is volatile. This paper proposes a techno-economical assessment of the Brown Coal Liquefaction tecnology through a base case calculation and a series of scenarios to perform sensitivity analysis of various parameters deemed crucial to its competitivenss. Kata Kunci: coal liquefaction, BCL, investment cost, sensitivity analysis, policy Strategy
HYDROTREATMENT KATALITIK MINYAK RINGAN DENGAN KATALIS NIMO DAN PENGARUH SPESIES NITROGEN Murti, Sri Djangkung Sumbogo; Hartiniati, Hartiniati; Eliyanti, Agustina
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink) Vol 6, No 2 (2010)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (453.507 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/elk.v6i2.1558

Abstract

Gas Oil fraction of petroleum was hydrotreated (hydrodesulfurization, HDS) overNiMo/Al2O3 catalyst in a 100 ml autoclave reactor. The reaction was conducted at340 oC under 5MPa H2 pressure for 60 min. to investigate the correlation ofnitrogen species in the HDS. The inhibition effects of these species are alsoinvestigated by using original and its N-free gas oil. Hydrogen renewal betweenstages was attempted to reveal an additional effect of the by-products such asH2S. All species in the gas oils were analyzed by GC-AED before and afterhydrotreatment. HDS over NiMo/Al2O3 was largely improved by removal ofnitrogen species. Refractory sulfur species were effectively removed by theremoval of nitrogen species and renewal of hydrogen in staged HDS, showingsynergy effects due to simultaneous removal of two inhibitors.Kata kunci: gas oil, hydrodesulfurization, nitrogen inhibition, GC-AED
ACETONE-BUTANOL-ETHANOL FERMENTATION FOR BIOENERGY USING VARIOUS SUBSTRATES IN DEFINED TYA MEDIA Ambarsari, Hanies; Sonomoto, Kenji
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink) Vol 11, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (5600.892 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/elk.v11i1.1590

Abstract

A series of experiments had been conducted to investigate the performance of Clostridiumsaccharoperbutylacetonicum strain N1-4 (ATCC 13564) in direct fermentation of acetone, butanol, andethanol (ABE) using several substrates that have not been investigated previously using this strain,such as cellobiose, dextrin, starches of corn, potato, tapioca, wheat, and sago, as well as morecomplex carbohydrates such as xylans, cellulose, and carboxyl methyl cellulose (CMC), particularly tostudy the effect of such various substrate types and concentrations, as well as the substrates mixtureson the ABE ratio and productivity. The results showed that strain N1-4 could directly produce ABE fromvarious substrates, from monosaccharide to polysaccharides of hexose or pentose sugars, exceptCMC and cellulose. The experiments also suggested that cellobiose (a hexose disaccharide) could bethe more efficient substrate for strain N1-4 than glucose (a monosaccharide) to produce ABE in the TYA(Tryptone Yeast Agar) medium. It was proven also that the ABE ratio was very dependent on the typeand concentration of substrates being used by strain N1-4.Keywords: acetone, butanol, ethanol, clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum N1-4, fermentation
IDENTIFIKASI TINGKAT REAKTIFITAS KATALIS DASAR BESI JENIS LIMONIT DAN PIRIT PADA PROSES PENCAIRAN BATUBARA Hanif, Muhammad; Hartiniati, Hartiniati
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink) Vol 2, No 1 (2006)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (420.166 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/elk.v2i1.1526

Abstract

The effect of a highly dispersed limonite synthetic catalyst and natural pyritecatalyst on the liquefaction of Yallourn coal in relation to thetransformation into pyrrhotite (Fe1-x S) was examined and compared. Thestudy suggests that ?-FeOOH catalyst can be transformed into smallerpyrrhotite at lower temperatures around 250oC, and therefore promotes theactivation of gaseous hydrogen notably at the heating stage up to 450oC.Keeping H2S concentration at approximately 0.1vol% in the gas phase wasfound to be an effective way of maintaining the liquefaction activity of therecycle catalyst, due to the restraint of both troilite formation and theagglomeration of pyrrhotite. The study also demonstrates that a high oilyield over 60wt% daf can be obtained successfully in the coal liquefaction ofYallourn coal with the reduction of catalyst ?-Fe00H loading.Kata Kunci : pyrrhotite, troilite, coal liquefaction, pyrite
REVIEW OF BANKO COAL LIQUEFACTION FEASIBILITY STUDY Tirtosoekotjo, Soedjoko
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink) Vol 3, No 1 (2007)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (179.165 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/elk.v3i1.1549

Abstract

Review terhadap studi kelayakan hasil pencairan batubara Banko dilaksanakanoleh tim due diligence yang diprakarsai oleh Puslitbang TEMIRA bekerjasamadengan peneliti dari ITB, UNSRI, Lemigas dan Pertamina. Pada pelaksanaannyasumber data dan informasi serta konsultasi dilakukan dengan bantuan BPPTdan PTBA, dan pemilik teknologi dalam hal ini NEDO/Kobe Steel Ltd. Evaluasistudi kelayakan mencakup observasi lokasi tambang dan pabrik, adumsi dasardan analisa sensitifitas, dengan focus studi paa aspek teknis dan keekonomianpencairan batubara Banko. Hasil due diligence telah dapat menerima katalisalami dapat menekan biaya produksi, tetapi resiko berupa suplai katalis secarakontinyu masih dipertanyakan. Oleh karena itu penggunaan katalis sintetis untukmenjamin suplai sanngat dianjurkan, namunbaik BPPT maupun NEDO/KobeSteel Ltd tidak dapat menyetujuinya. Tim due diligence menyatakan bahwapembesaran skala pabrik menjadi 6.000 ton per hari dari skala pilot plant 50 tonper hari dinilai terlalu berisiko. Pembesaran skala sebaiknya dilakukan melaluipabrik kapasitas 50 ton pe rhari sebelum masuk skala komersial. MeskipunNEDO/Kobe Steel dapat menerima keberatan tersebut, akan tetapi sangatdiyakini bahwa terbatasnya biaya dan waktu menyebabkanhal ini tidakmemungkinkan. Tim due diligence menekankan bahwa hasil studi kelayakantidak mengkaji secara rinci aspek teknis dan financial proses pemurnian untukmeningkatkan mutu minyak batubara hasil proses pencairan, bahkanmengandalkan Pertamina untuk mengambil peran tersebut. Dimintakan kepadakepada NEDO/Kobe Steel agar studi kelayakan pabrik pencairan batubaraberdasarkan pada perhitungan break even point, daripada menggunakan variasimodul kapasitas 6.000 ? 12.000 dan 36.000 ton batubara (daf) per hari. Akantetapi NEDO/Kobe Steel meyakini bahwa pendekatan tersebut sebaliknya dinilaileih mudah, sederhana dan cepat.Keywords: batubara Banko , due diligence, studi kelayakan, katalis Soroako
PEMANFAATAN REMOTE SOURCE SOLAR LIGHTING (RSSL) UNTUK PENGHEMATAN ENERGI DI GEDUNG KOMERSIAL Busono, Suryo; Hilmawan, Edi
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink) Vol 11, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1961.44 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/elk.v11i2.1581

Abstract

Remote Source Solar Lighting (RSSL) is an innovation in lighting technology in the building to transfernatural light into areas which are not covered by conventional natural lighting techniques. In this study,RSSL applications in an Office Building in the Puspiptek Area Tangsel has been examined.Measurement and simulation are used evaluate the effectiveness of the use of RSSL in illuminatingareas that do not have access to outside light. Advanced simulation was conducted to compare theuse of artificial light to produce the same illumination level. The measurement results show that theSolar Light Collector combined with Light Tube is able to transfer light from the outside into the roomwith a level of efficiency of 39.48%. Utilization of light focusing module can improve the efficiency oflight distribution with an efficiency of up to 56.1%.The simulation results show that RSSL with light tubediameter of 35 cm, capable of illuminating an area that does not have access to the outside withillumination level up to 219 Lux at the zenith ilumination of 89000 Lux. However, RSSL is no longereffective when the zenith illumination down to 26000 Lux. Comparison between CFL bulbs with RSSL,with the same lighting point, when the zenith illumination levelis average or higher, RSSL providelighting levels on par with CFL bulbs, but still lower than the LED lights. When the zenith illumination islow / minimal then 14 points RSSL only able to provide lighting equivalent to 8 points CFL.Key Words: Energy conservation in commercial building, smart building, natural lighting, RemoteSource Solar Lighting 
PROSES HIDROGENASI MINYAK BATUBARA UNTUK PEMENUHAN TARGET MUTU PASAR Sugeng, Dhani Avianto
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink) Vol 4, No 1 (2008)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (284.058 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/elk.v4i1.1540

Abstract

A characterization of synthetic liquefied oil from coal was conducted to preparefor further treatment of its quality. One of few techniques in improving the coal oilis done through hydrotreatment process to remove its nitrogen, sulfur, oxygenand aromatics contents known as heteroatoms which make the oil stability notgood. Experiment using small-scale fixed bed reactor shows there is animprovement in the quality of recycle solvent used for coal liquefaction after firsthydrotreatment. coal slurry using first hydrotreated oil as solvent shows lowerviscosity than that of non-hydrotreated oil, and if mixed with coal from Banko, thecoal concentration could achieve as high as 50%. Nitrogen and sulfur contents inhydrotreated oil are reduced to negligible level and the storage stability isremarkably improved after hydrotreatment. The quality of fuel from secondhydrotreatment is still lower than that of petroleum productc in terms of ?cetanenumber?, ?smoke point?, contents of sulfur and aromatics.Kata kunci: hydrotreatment, smoke point, fixed bed reator, heteroatom,synthetic liquefied oil, recycle solvent

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