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Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis

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Published by Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

ISSN : - EISSN : 16933834 DOI : -

Core Subject : Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

Jurnal ini mempublikasikan artikel asli baik penelitian dasar maupun terapan di bidang ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi kayu, bahan berlignoselulosa bukan kayu, hasil hutan lainnya dan industri hasil hutan.

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Articles 316 Documents

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Serat Eksentrik pada Kulit Kayu Marobamban Eccentric Fiber in the Bark of Marobamban Agus Sulistyo Budi; Nani Husein
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 4, No 2 (2006): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Type and dimension of cell, especially fiber and tracheid, generally is used as a standard of utilization and quality of product. Beside type and the presence of fiber, up to now unusual fiber dimension in the bark of Marobamban (Helicia spp.), is not yet discovered. Traditionally, this swamp species is planted merely for protecting land from erosion, but the other part of the trunk like bark and its fibers are not yet utilized. The aim of this research is to know the anatomical structure of Marobamban bark and the presence of unusual fiber dimension as well as the fiber class quality. This research was conducted in Wood Anatomy and Identification Laboratory Forestry Faculty, Mulawarman University for one month. IAWA (International Association of Wood Anatomist) is used as observation and analysis standard. The result shows that outer bark with grey white coloured has thorny fiber along the surface and hooks to each other. Fiber length is classified as short category with big diameter. Fiber lumina and wall thickness are classified to moderate and very thick walled respectively. Fiber quality is classified to the third class.

The Change of Wood Acidity during Drying Process Deded S Nawawi; Trisna Priadi; Benny Murwentiano
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 10, No 2 (2012): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Wood acidity is an importance factors in the wood processing and utilization. The acidity of wood might change due to some factors such as moisture, drying, and storage time of wood. The wood acidity of two wood species; sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria) and manii (Maesopsis eminii) and its change by drying process were investigated with respect to pH value and buffering capacity. Drying of wood was carried out on 28 and 60 oC for 24, 48, 72 and 144 h, respectively. The drying of wood was able to change of wood acidity. The acidity of wood increased by increasing the drying temperature and time. On the temperature of 60 oC, a lower pH value and higher bufering capacity of wood were obtained for longer time of drying. Manii wood was more acidic than that of sengon wood.Key words: bufering capacity, pH value, wood acidity, wood drying

Studi Pengaruh Kondisi Penyetelan Nosebar pada Mesin Kupas terhadap Tekanan Kempa dan Kualitas Potong Venir Study on the Influences of Nosebar Setting of a Peeler on the Compressive Forces and Cutting Quality of Veneer Edi Suhaimi Bakar
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 2, No 2 (2004): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

For good cutting quality all peeling machines are always equipped with a nosebar. Position of the nosebar over the knife –determined by the gap and lead– is adjusted until it forms the knife-nosebar’s opening slightly smaller than the depth of cut. As the result, the compressive forces, which are important for controlling veneers’ depth of lathe checks, thickness deviation and surface roughness are imposed on the wood. In cutting forces analysis of many veneer-cutting studies, researchers are only able to analyze the characteristic of forces act at the knife, but the characteristic of forces at the nosebar and the compressive forces on wood has never been revealed. In this study the characteristic of the forces acting at the knife (Xc, Yc) and the nosebar (Xb, Yb), as well as the compressive force imposed on the wood are studied and discussed. It is also discussed the tripartite relationships between the nosebar setting, the compressive force, and cutting quality.

Komposisi Kimia dan Ketahanan Rotan Asal Sulawesi Tenggara terhadap Serangan Rayap Tanah (Chemical Composition and Durability of Rattan Originated Southeast Sulawesi Against Subterranean Termites) Esti R Satiti; Nur A Saputra; Titi Kalima
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 15, No 2 (2017): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Rattan is one of the most popular non-timber forest products. Globally, there are 850 rattan species grown in the world, and 312 species of them were naturally grown in Indonesia and 35 species found in Sulawesi Island. This paper studies the chemical composition of 8 types of rattan from Southeast Sulawesi and its durability against subterranean termite (Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren). The parameters tested include cellulose and lignin. Cellulose was determined by Norman and Jenkins method, while lignin was determined based on the Indonesian National Standard (SNI 14-0492-1989). Rattan natural durability is tested against Indonesian National Standard (SNI 01-7207-2014). Result shows that the highest cellulose content was found in umili rattan (Calamus macrosphaerion Becc.) which is about 55%, while the lowest cellulose content was found in kuku hitam rattan (Calamus lorelinduensis Becc.) which is about 47.25%. The highest lignin content was recorded at cabang rattan (Korthalsia celebica Becc., 30.78%), while the lowest lignin was recorded at umili rattan (Calamus macrosphaerion Becc., 21.18%). Two rattan were classified into class I, and three rattan were classified into class II, two rattan species into class III and one species is classified into class V.Keywords: chemical composition, durability, rattan, subterranean termites

Permanent Fixation of Radially Compressed Bamboo in Dry Condition by Heating and Its Mechanism Bambang Subiyanto; Wahyu Dwianto; Takashi Higashihara; Toshiro Morooka; Misato Norimoto
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 9, No 1 (2011): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

The stress-strain relationship and stress relaxation of oven-dried bamboo in radial compressed by heating were investigated. The effect of heating temperature and time on the weight loss, residual stress and strain recovery were also examined. The results indicated that the apparent of stress-strain curve (SS-curve) of Indonesian bamboo was different with Mousou bamboo and Sugi wood. The apparent SS-curve of Mousou bamboo was same as general SS-curve of wood under heating. The effect of heating temperature on yield stress of oven-dry bamboo had different results with the Sugi wood. The yield stress of bamboo decreased slightly up to heating temperature of 140 °C, then it was significantly decreased with increasing temperature. The decreasing yield stress of bamboo at heating temperature above 140 °C could be due to degradation or decomposition of existing extractive component and hemicelluloses in bamboo by heating. Time to achieve stress relaxation decreased with increasing heating temperature. The stress relaxation of bamboo was attained faster than that of Sugi wood. Tali bamboo had a fastest to attain stress relaxation than others type of bamboo. The residual stress and strain recovery decreased with decreasing weight loss. The most interesting finding was residual stress of Indonesian bamboo (Gombong and Tali bamboos) was attained zero and stress recovery less than 0.2 when the weight loss at about 4%.Key words: bamboo, permanent fixation, stress-strain.

Pengaruh Umur dan Bonita terhadap Sifat Perekatan Laminasi Kayu Jati Nurmadina Nurmadina; Tibertius A. Prayitno; Fauzi Febrianto
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 14, No 1 (2016): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Produsi lamina kayu jati dilakukan untuk mensubtitusi kebutuhan kayu yang semakin meningkat. Perum Perhutani di Jawa mengelola tanaman jati dengan mengelompokkan berdasarkan tingkat kesuburan tanah, dan masa panennya juga telah dipercepat. Penelitian ini bermaksud untuk mengetahui pengaruh umur dan tingkat kesuburan tanah pada sifat perekatan lamina jati. Interaksi kelas umur dan kesuburan tanah secara signifikan mempengaruhi sifat keterbasahan pada air. Kelas umur secara signifikan mempengaruhi kadar ekstraktif larut alkohol toluen dan keterbasahan terhadap media alkohol toluen. Kesuburan tanah tidak mempengaruhi sifat kayu maupun perekatan. Korelasi antara variabel keberhasilan perekatan dan sifat kayu adalah rendah, sehingga pembuatan laminasi dapat dilakukan pada berbagai kelas umur dan kesuburan tanah.

Perlakuan Enzim pada Serpih Kayu Daun Lebar untuk Refiner Mechanical Pulping (RMP) Enzymatic Pretreatment of Hardwood Chips for Refiner Mechanical Pulping (RMP) Process Wawan Kartiwa Haroen
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 7, No 2 (2009): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

The objective of the study is to examine the influence of 10 l/ ton of Xylanase and Lypase pretreatment on biomechanical pulp of Gmelina and Paracerianthes wood chips with Refiner Mechanical Pulping (RMP) process. The result shows that the enzymatically pretreated of chips can save the electrical consumption of the refiner machine up to 30%, while reducing of 45~50% extractives, and significant improvement of the pulp physical properties compared with control. Two stages of P1 and P2 hydrogen proxide pulp bleaching produced pulp brightness of 65~71.9 % ISO and more than 97% yield bleached pulp. Physical properties of the tensile index and burst index testing result of Gmelina and Paracerianthes mechanical pulp sheet are fairly good.

The Color Change of Jabon Wood Stained by Bark Extract of Samak Wood (Syzygium inophyllum) Muflihati Muflihati; Deded S Nawawi; Istie S Rahayu; Wasrin Syafii
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 12, No 1 (2014): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

The water soluble extract of samak (Syzygium inophyllum) bark was applied as natural dye for jabon wood (Anthocephalus cadamba). Ten percent of the extract concentration was used for staining of jabon wood by soaking methods for 74 h at room temperature, and for 3 h at 70 oC, respectively. The stained jabon wood performances were evaluated as the color change and stability by hot water leaching test. The stained and leached woods were assessed by determination of color changes using CIELab method and FTIR analysis. Based on the CIELab analysis, the brightness (L* value) of stained jabon wood decreased, and tend to more reddish (a* value increased) and yellowish (b* value slightly increased) compared to these of unstained wood, as the results, the color of jabon wood changed from light grey to reddish orange after staining with samak bark extract. The leaching test of stained wood to hot water changed the color from reddish orange to dull orange. FTIR analysis indicated that part of the extract stained jabon wood was quite stable to hot water treatment.Key words : bark extract, jabon wood, natural dye, samak wood, Syzygium inophyllum

Pengembangan Formula Bahan Infeksi Cendawan sebagai Alternatif Biokontrol Rayap Tanah Coptotermes sp. Development of Infection Material Formula for Fungi as Bio-Control Alternative to Subterranean Termites Coptotermes sp Titik Kartika; Sulaeman Yusuf; Didi Tarmadi; Arief Heru Prasetyo; Ikhsan Guswenrivo
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 5, No 2 (2007): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Utilization of fungal entomopathogen as biological control agent has been developed in several country, but not in Indonesia. Therefore, the use of biological control agent to control termite need to be done in order that diminish chemical insecticide hazard. In this research, the ability of fungal entomopathogen (Hyphomycetes) identified as Metarhizium anisopliae, Beauveria sp. and Humicola sp. to infect Subterranean termite will be evaluated. The fungi were isolated from Indonesia. The research methods are (i) to sporulate fungi in rice culture media; (ii) to formulate fungal entomopathogen being infection materials; (iii) bioassay of fungal entomopathogen against Subterranean termite by contact method. The result of bioassay show that the three fungi (Humicola, M. anisopliae and Beauveria) are able to kill termite in 14 days of observation day. Primarily, M. anisopliae has generate termite’s mortality almost similar to Humicola sp. i.e higher than 60 %, in other side Beauveria just affect termite’s mortality lower than 60 %.

The Properties of Bamboo and Old Corrugated Containers Pulp Mixture Nyoman J Wistara; Dwi A Purnamasari; Dian A Indrawan
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 10, No 2 (2012): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

The objective of this research was to determine the optimum freeness of virgin bamboo pulp capable of increasing pulp mixture strength and decreasing the quantity of old corrugated containers (OCC) pulp substitution in the mixture. OCC was soaked for 7 days and disintegrated afterward. Soda pulping of bamboo (Gigantochloa apus) was carried out following the pulping parameters of 35% NaOH charge, L:W of 4:1, maximum temperature of 170 oC and total cooking time of 3 h. Kappa number and pulping yield were determined based on TAPPI T236 cm-85 standard. Bamboo and OCC pulp was bleached following the method of D0ED1D2. Bleached bamboo pulp was beaten up to the freeness of 100, 200, 300, and 400 ml CSF. While that of OCC was up to 400 ml CSF only. The compositions of bamboo and OCC pulp mixture (B:K) were 0:100, 20:80, 40:60, 60:40, 80:20, and 100:0. Physical and optical properties of pulp mixture were determined based on TAPPI T205 sp-02 standard. The pulp composition of (B:K) 20:80 at freeness level of 400 ml CSF was resulted in the highest strength properties based on Duncan scoring. Pulp beating was able to decrease the composition of bamboo pulp in pulp mixture while retaining the strength properties.Key words: bamboo, beating, freeness, old corrugated containers, pulp composition

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