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Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis

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Published by Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

ISSN : - EISSN : 16933834 DOI : -

Core Subject : Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

Jurnal ini mempublikasikan artikel asli baik penelitian dasar maupun terapan di bidang ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi kayu, bahan berlignoselulosa bukan kayu, hasil hutan lainnya dan industri hasil hutan.

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 316 Documents

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Pembuatan Papan Partikel Berukuran Komersial dari Limbah Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit dengan Perekat Urea Formaldehida Development of Commercial Size Particleboard from Waste of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches Using Urea Formaldehyde Adhesive Bambang Subiyanto; Subyakto Subyakto; Sudijono Sudijono; Mohamad Gopar Mohamad Gopar; Entang Rasyid; Sasa Sofyan Munawar
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 3, No 1 (2005): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Development of particleboard from waste of Oil Palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) using phenol formaldehyde adhesive has been done at small size (laboratory scale) in the previous study. Further development at commercial size board is conducted in the present study. The objective of this research is to observe the effects of EFB particleboard types and density on the physical and mechanical properties of particleboard using urea formaldehyde adhesive. The types of EFB particleboard were particleboard of entirely EFB particles, board layered with sawdust and board layered with plywood. Adhesive content used was 10% from oven dry weight of particles; wax content used was 12% from weight of adhesive. The board density was varied at 0.5 g/cm3, 0.6 g/cm3, and 0.7 g/cm3. The EFB particles were soaked for 24 hours in cold water before used.The results showed that EFB particleboard that layered with plywood at density of 0.7 g/cm3 gave the optimum result. Thickness swelling for all type of EFB particleboards were not met the JIS A 5908; therefore it need further study to overcome this problem. All mechanical properties such as internal bond, screw withdrawal, modulus of elasticity (MOE) and modulus of rupture (MOR) for EFB particleboard that layered with plywood were met the type 8 of JIS A 5908.

Sifat Kimia Kayu Eboni pada Perbedaan Pola Strip dan Arah Radial (Chemical Properties of Diospyros celebica Bakh. in Different Streaks Pattern and Radial Direction) Muhammad Asdar; Tibertius A Prayitno; Ganis Lukmandaru; Eny Faridah
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 14, No 2 (2016): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

The heartwood of ebony displayed series of axial and alternating black and paler streaks. Accordingly, ebony from Central Sulawesi was classified in two different streaks patterns i.e. SL (spider web) and batang macis (matches stick). We investigated the chemical properties (holocellulose, cellulose, lignin, extractive content, ash and pH value) of sapwood, intermediate, and heartwood from the different streaks patterns of ebony wood. The mean value of holocellulose, cellulose, lignin, ethanol-toluena extractive, hot water extractive, ash contents, and pH value were 76.59±3.02%, 50.62±4.86%, 26.72±3.05%, 9.71± 2.97%, 13.54±1.43%, 0.97±0.32%, 5.56±0.39, respectively. On the basis of t-test, holocellulose, cellulose, and hotwater soluble contents were differed significantly between the two streaks patterns. Analysis of variance showed the radial direction also affected significantly on the chemical contents. The contents of the holocellulose, cellulose, lignin, extractive ethanol-toluen and ash were significantly differed among sapwood, intermediate and heartwood. The heartwood showed higher levels of cellulose, lignin, ethanol-toluena extractive and ash contents than those of other parts. On the contrary, the lowest levels of cellulose, lignin, and ash contents and pH value were found in the intermediate wood region.Keywords: chemical properties, Diospyros celebica, radial direction, spider web, streaks pattern

The Alleviation of Discoloration in Teak (Tectona grandis L.f.) Wood Through Drying and Chemical Treatments Efrida Basri; Dede Rohadi; Trisna Priadi; Imam Wahyudi
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 2, No 1 (2004): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Teak wood is well known as one of the important wood species from Indonesia. The properties of this wood are quite good and delighted by many people. However, the wood processing may cause discoloration on some pieces or boards of this wood. This degrades the wood performance. The wood surface is slightly darkened. Dark-brown streaks often arise distinctly on the brown color of wood surface. Moreover, when the kiln-dried wood is re-exposed in the further process with a planner or a molder, the discoloration may still exist. The aim of this study was to find out an appropriate technique to alleviate discoloration on teak wood. The result showed that drying temperature was the most important factor in the discoloration of teak wood. Among chemical treatments in this experiment, the use of 3% Na2SO3 solution was the most effective way to alleviate discoloration on teak wood

Korelasi antara Pola Ikatan Pembuluh dengan Sifat Fisis dan Mekanis Tiga Jenis Bambu (Correlation of Vascular Bundle Pattern with Physical and Mechanical Properties of Three Bamboo Species) Nani Nuriyatin; Surjono Surjokusumo
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 8, No 2 (2010): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

The physical and mechanical properties of three species of bamboo, namely Dendrocalamus giganteus, Dendrocalamus asper, and Gigantochloa apus were investigated in relation to its vascular bundle pattern. As physical and mechanical properties, specific gravity, modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE), compressive strength parallel to grain and tension strength parallel to grain were determined, and the vascular bundle pattern was evaluated by method according to Grosser and Liese (1971). The relationship between physical and mechanical properties with the vessel bundle pattern was analyzed by regression with dummy variables. Pattern combination of vessel bundle was found on G. apus and D. asper, while D. giganteus has a single pattern of vessel bundle type. The difference of vascular bundle pattern did not contributed to the physical and mechanical properties of bamboo investigated, except for MOR. The difference species of bamboo and vertical position of samples contribute to the different value of compressive strength parallel to grain, whereas tension strength was only affected by bamboo species

Effects of Alkali Treatment on Wettability of Coconut Fiber – Polyester Composites Imran S Musanif; Daud O Topayung; Oktovian BA Sompie
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 12, No 2 (2014): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

The effect of alkali treatment on the wettability of coconut fiber-polyester composites was investigated. The fibers were treated with 3% solution of NaOH for 1, 2, and 3 hours. Wettability of the fibers was measured through the measurement of polyester resin contact angle dropped on either untreated fibers or alkali treated fibers. Upon drying, the droplet on the fiber matrix was observed by analyzed software supported microscope. Contact angle decreased by alkalization, therefore the quality of bond was expected to increase. Decreasing contact angle was assumed due to the increasing of fiber surface roughness and porosity, the loss of lignin, and the loss of other impurities. The increasing quality of bond between the fiber and the matrix was believed to increase the strength properties of coconut fiber composites-polyester fiber compared to that of untreated.Keywords: coconut fiber, contact angle, droplet, wettability

Veneer and Thin Plywood Overlaid for Quality Improvement of Particleboard Made of Palm Oil Empty Fruit Bunches (EFB) Bambang Subiyanto; Entang Rasyid; Mohamad Gopar; Anita Firmanti
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 6, No 1 (2008): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Many efforts to find alternatives raw materials in the particleboards have been done and one of them is utilizing Empty Fruit Brunches (EFB) from palm oil production. Based on some reports, low performance of particleboards especially mechanical properties was obtained when using EFB as raw materials. Overlaying the particleboards made of EFB with veneer and thin plywood is predicted as one way to improve the quality of such particleboards. The raw material of overlaid particleboards was EFB, veneer of 2 mm Falcata, and 3 mm commercial plywood. Commercial urea formaldehyde (UF) and phenol formaldehyde (PF) were used as binder. The adhesive content varied from 8%, 10% to 12% based on oven dry of particles. The size of board was 250 X 250 X 10 mm with target density of 0.6 g/cm3.The experiment results showed that particleboards made of EFB with UF resin demonstrated better physical and mechanical properties than particleboards with PF resin. It was also found that direct overlaying veneer and thin plywood on the surface of particleboards would significantly improve the mechanical properties of the boards especially the modulus of elasticity and modulus of rupture.

Anatomical Structure and Fiber Quality of Shorea hopeifolia (Heim) Symington Grown from East Kalimantan Supartini Supartini; Listya M Dewi; Agus Kholik; M Muslich
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 11, No 1 (2013): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

The objectives of this research were focused on description of anatomical structure and fiber quality of Shorea hopeifolia. Wood samples were obtained from Labanan, Berau, East Kalimantan. Anatomical structure and fiber quality of S. hopeifolia were observed according to IAWA List and Indonesian fiber quality criteria. The results showed that S. hopeifolia has brown yellowish heartwood and clearly distinguished with its light yellow sapwood; straight to interlocked grain; somewhat rough texture, slippery touchiness, lustered; and soft to somewhat hard. While the main microscopic are growth rings indistinct; vessel diffuse, simple perforation plate, mostly solitary; alternate and vestured intervessel pit; vessel-ray pits with much reduced borders to apparently simple and rounded shape; tyloses and vacicentric tracheid present; fibres with simple to minutely bordered pits, septate fiber present, thin to thick cell-wall fiber; fiber length 1733 μm; axial parenchyma unilateral paratracheal, vacicentric, aliform, confluent, narrow bands; uniseriate and multiseriate rays (3-8), rays height >1 mm; axial intercellular canal in long tangential lines and radial canal present; prismatic crystals in procumbent and upright rays cells. Based on its fiber dimensions and derived values, S. hopeifolia wood was classified into quality class I and very favourable as raw material for pulp and paper.Key words: anatomical structure, fiber quality, Shorea hopeifolia, yellow meranti

Perbandingan Struktur Anatomis, Sifat Fisis, dan Sifat Mekanis Kayu Jati Unggul dan Kayu Jati Konvensional Comparative Study on Anatomical Structure and Physical-Mechanical Properties between Tissue Cultural- and Conventional Teakwoods Imam Wahyudi; Ahmad Faizal Arifien
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 3, No 2 (2005): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Anatomical structure and some important properties of 3 years old tissues cultural Teakwood (Tectona grandis L.f.) were studied and compared to those of 3 and 8 years old conventional ones. Wood samples were obtained from standing trees of plantation forest area around Semarang city (Central Java). Anatomical structure was observed using wood section 20 µ thick, while fiber dimension was measured on individual macerated fibers. Physical and mechanical properties of wood were evaluated in accordance with BS 132:57 for small clear specimen using universal testing machine. All wood samples studied were still juvenile since wood density and fibers length tend to increase from pith towards the bark. Both 3 years-old woods, namely tissue cultural and the conventional Teakwoods have not heartwood at the center or the end of the stem except on their basal i.e. 29.81% in the former and 25% in the latter, respectively. The 8 years old conventional Teakwood consisted of 58.23% heartwood at the basal, and 46.30% at the center, respectively. Latewood portion of tissue cultural teakwood was the lowest. Difference between earlywood and latewood in this Teak was unclear and not distinguished well. Wood texture among the samples was moderate. The finest was found on tissue cultural Teakwood while the roughest on the conventional 3 years old. Based on their average in wood density, specific gravity, modulus of elasticity and modulus of rupture, it can be said that quality of tissue cultural Teakwood was similar to that of 3 years-old conventional one, but much lower than that of 8 years-old conventional Teakwood although their stem diameters were similar physically. This coincides well with their anatomical characteristics.

Analisis Biaya Produksi Pelet Kayu (Cost Analysis of Wood Pellet Production) Bintang CH Simangunsong; Karina A Wilma; EG Togu Manurung; Vera J Sitanggang; Armansyah H Tambunan
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 15, No 1 (2017): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Eco-friendly renewable energy such as wood pellet is necessary to replace fossil fuels. Hence, the wood pellet industry has been rapidly developed, particularly, in European and America countries. To capitalize a high demand of wood pellet in those countries, Indonesia’s wood pellet companies need analysis tools to make decision on management and operation of their wood pellet production such as productivity, efficiency, production cost and and profitability assessments. The objectives of this study were to analyze cost, break-event point and profitability of wood pellet production. This study was conducted at a large integrated wood based panel and wood working products company, which produces wood pellet from its forest products residues. The results showed that the production cost was about IDR 1.41 millions per ton or US$ 114 per ton. The break-even point was about 1400 tons per year or about 84.7% of actual production. The return on investment (ROI) was about 14.15 %, which was slightly higer than a lending rate of 10.25%.Key words: energy, production cost, profitability, wood pellet, wood residues

Surian (wood as an Alternative Material for Bonded Wood Products in the Future (II): Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL)) Alamsyah, Eka M; Karliati, Tati
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 9, No 2 (2011): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of laminated veneer lumber (LVL) made from surian (Toona sinensis Roem) compared to sengon (Paraserianthes. falcataria L Nielsen) and rubber (karet) (Hevea brasiliensis Muell) wood which bonded with the common phenol formaldehyde (PF) and urea formaldehyde (UF) adhesives. LVL was assembled from 7 plies veneer with the final moisture content (MC) of veneer is about eight percent. The parameters of LVL i.e., MC, density, percentage of delamination, modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE), horizontal shear strength (flat and edge direction) and formaldehyde emission were evaluated according to Japan Agricultural Standard (JAS). The result showed that delamination ratio value was zero percent. The most interesting finding was the value of formaldehyde emission of both PF and UF-surian LVL were lower than PF and UF rubber or sengon LVL due to their F4S classification of JAS. Values of MOR and horizontal shear strength both PF and UF-surian LVL was lower than rubber LVL, however it was higher than sengon LVL. The physical and mechanical properties of surian LVL met the JAS requirement.Key words: formaldehyde emission, laminated veneer lumber, physical and mechanical properties, Toona sinensis.

Page 12 of 32 | Total Record : 316

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