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Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis

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Published by Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

ISSN : - EISSN : 16933834 DOI : -

Core Subject : Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

Jurnal ini mempublikasikan artikel asli baik penelitian dasar maupun terapan di bidang ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi kayu, bahan berlignoselulosa bukan kayu, hasil hutan lainnya dan industri hasil hutan.

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Articles 316 Documents

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Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Tabir Surya Ekstrak Daun Gyrinops verstegii (Antioxidant activity and Sunscreen of Gyrinops versteegii Leaf Extract) Wahyuningrum, Maeda; Sari, Rita K; Rafi, Mohamad
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 16, No 2 (2018): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis

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The aim of this study was to determine the yield and phytochemicals, antioxidant activity, and sunscreen of the Gyrinops versteegii leaf extracts. The leaf simplicia was extracted using soxhletation method with multilevel polarities of solvent (n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and metanol). The analysis of phytochemical extracts has been carried out the qualitatively and quantitatively. The antioxidant activity testing was performed in vitro through the effective concentration (EC50) extract in capturing DPPH radicals. Sunscreen activity has been done through testing sun protection factor (SPF). The result showed that the yield of n-hexane extract, ethyl acetate, and methanol extracts were 7.83, 5.46, and 6.77% respectively. The phytochemical analysis showed that the ethyl acetate and methanol extracts were strongly detected containing antioxidant compounds such as p-hydroquinone, flavonoid, and tannins with the total phenol of the ethyl acetate and methanol extracts were 3.40 and 4.27% respectively. The n-hexane extract detected contains weakly the antioxidant compounds with the total phenol was 0.45%. The methanol extract is the highest antioxidant activity (EC50 14.46 μg ml-1) and has ultra sunscreen activity (SPF>15).Keywords: antioxidant, extractive, G. versteegii, sunscreen

Analisis Levelized Cost of Energy Pelet Kayu (Levelized Cost of Energy Analysis of Wood Pellet) Bintang CH Simangunsong; Ganesha SJ Silalahi; Mohammad DG Maulana; Elisa GT Manurung; Vera J Sitanggang; Armansyah H Tambunan
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 15, No 2 (2017): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

The availability of fossil energy resources as an input of production is limited and eventually will be rare. One of potential alternative energy that is recently developed to partly substitute fossil fuels based energy is wood pellet. The objective of this research was to analyze the levelized cost of energy (LCoE) of wood pellet made from wood processing residues. LCoE was the minimum energy prices that should be sold for an energy project to break even. The LCoE of wood pelet was obtained about IDR 259 per kWh or USD 0.02 per kWh. This LCoE value is lower than the LCoE of fossil fuels. It is indicating that energy derived from wood pellet is a very competitive.Keywords: LCoE, renewable energy, wood pellet, wood industry, wood residues

Quinone Contents in Teak Heartwood Isolated by Cold Extraction Ganis Lukmandaru
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 13, No 1 (2015): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Sampling by increment borer along with wood extraction by cold soaking would be useful for large sample size and if the destructive sampling is undesirable. This work aimed to evaluate the reliability of cold extraction by methanol and acetone to extract the quinone compounds of teak heartwood compared to the conventional soxhlet extraction by ethanol-benzene. Another purpose of this work was to find out the intra-tree variability of quinone compound around the outer heartwood parts (8 angles, 16 points). On the basis of the yield of ethanol-benzene extracts in 6 trees, cold extraction could remove the extracts of 37-66% by methanol and 23-61% by acetone. By correlaton analysis, considerable degree of correlations (r>0.9) were calculated between soxhlet and cold extraction in the contents of deoxylapachol, lapachol, tectoquinone. With regard to intra-tree variation quinones, wide level ranges were observed in all compounds by judging the coefficient of variation, except for tectol. Therefore, it is suggested that the sampling in the tangential direction in a single tree should be taken at 3 points separated by at least 90 degrees to avoid the bias in the individual components. The variation of quinone total amounts, however, showed comparatively low (18%) of coefficient of variation.Keywords: cold extraction, extractives, incrrement borer, quinone, Tectona grandis

Kekuatan Lentur Glued Laminated (Glulam) Kayu Vertikal dan Horizontal dengan Metode ”Transformed Cross Section” The Bending Strength of Vertical and Horizontal Glued Laminated Timber by ”Transformed Cross Section” Method I. Sulistyawati; N Nugroho; S Surjokusmo; Y S Hadi
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 6, No 2 (2008): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

The bending strength of glued laminated (glulam) timber whose laminas were arranged horizontally will differ from vertically arranged. The important difference was known and used as consideration in lamina arrangement of glulam beam. The determination of precise lamina arrangement will result in maximal strength of design. The aim of this research was to analyze the strength or bending stress in each layer of lamina including maximum stress or modulus of rupture (MOR) of horizontal or vertical glulam beam. The analysis was conducted by using "Transformed Cross Section Area" method. Each glulam represented lamina formation from two wood species with higher modulus of elasticity (MOE) from Kempas (Koompassia malaccencis Maing) and lower one from Borneo (Mixed Species). Lamina with higher level of MOE was arranged in upper and lower edge for horizontal glulam, right and left edge for vertical glulam beam. Lamina with lower MOE was arranged in the middle of the beam. The comparison of higher to lower MOE of lamina was around 1.50 up to 1.70. Epoxy EWA-120 as synthetic adhesive was used with 150 g/m2 glue spread. The result of laboratory examination of both glulam types showed that the average maximum load of vertical glulam was 13.53% higher than horizontal glulam beam, and also MOR of vertical glulam was around 27% higher than horizontal glulam beam. Based on The transformed cross section area method, nominal strength of horizontal glulam has linear function at the entire height. The actual strength that happened at lamina of horizontal glulam beam with lower MOE was smaller than nominal strength. The actual strength that happened at symmetrically vertical glulam beam at its height direction was maximal at the uppers and the lowest side, while it was zero at neutral line.

Response of Andong Bamboo (Gigantochloa pseudoarundinacea) to Isocyanate Adhesive Ignasia M Sulastiningsih; Surdiding Ruhendi; Muhammad Y Massijaya; Wayan Darnawan; Adi Santoso
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 11, No 2 (2013): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

The response of Gigantochloa pseudoarundinacea to isocyanate adhesive was investigated by evaluating its bonding quality. The bamboo strips were categorized based on the position at the bamboo culm viz bottom,midle, and top. One part of the bamboo strips were immersed in 7% boron solution for 2 hours.The treated and untreated bamboo strips were glued parallel to each other using the isocyanate adhesive at the glue spread of 250 g m-2 to produce two-ply laminates. The bonding surfaces of two-ply laminates were designed into 3 different combinations viz between inner and outer surfaces, both between inner surfaces, and both between outer surfaces. The bonding strength and bamboo failure were evaluated in dry and wet conditions. Results showed that the response of G. pseudoarundinacea to isocyanate adhesive was significantly affected by the posision at the bamboo culm, bamboo strips treatment and combination of bonding surfaces. In comparasion with the middle and the top part, the bottom part of bamboo culm had the highest bonding strength (dry test). However, the wet test results showed that the bonding strength of laminates made from bottom part did not significantly different with that of middle part. The preservation treatment on bamboo strips reduced the bonding strength.Key words: bamboo, bonding strength, isocyanate, laminates, preservation

Keterawetan Kayu Tropis dengan Proses Pengawetan Menggunakan Karbon Dioksida sebagai Pelarut Pembawa Treatability of Tropical Wood Species with Preservative Treatment Using Carbon Dioxide as a Carrier Solvent Musrizal Muin; Astuti Arif
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 4, No 2 (2006): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

The feasibility of a preservative treatment using carbon dioxide (CO2) as a carrier solvent under various conditions was determined based on the treatability of three different commercial tropical wood species (Agathis sp., Palaquium sp., and Heritiera sp.). Treatment was conducted at six combinations of temperature and pressure (15ºC and 40 kgf/cm2, 15ºC and 60 kgf/cm2, 15ºC and 80 kgf/cm2, 25ºC and 60 kgf/cm2, 25ºC and 80 kgf/cm2, dan 35ºC and 80 kgf/cm2) with five replicates using two specimens of each wood species for each treatment. Results showed that most of these treatment conditions, except treatment at 15ºC and 40 kgf/cm2, resulted in retention levels above the Silafluofen toxic thereshold value (< 0.25 kg/m3) without any physical damages to all treated materials. The treatability of wood with CO2 impregnation was affected by the wood properties and treatment conditions

Antifungal Properties of Palepek Baringin Wood (Shorea leavis Ridl) Renhart Jemi; Wasrin Syafii; Fauzi Febrianto; Muhammad Hanafi
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 10, No 1 (2012): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

The objectives of this research were to evaluate the extractive substances of heartwood of palepek baringin wood (Shorea leavis Ridl) as a bio-active substance to wood destroying fungi i.e. Schizophyllum commune Fr and Pleurotus ostreatus. The 40 mesh of heartwood meals was extracted by methanol, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-hexane and buthanol. The extractives obtained were subjected to wood destroying fungi S. commune and P. ostreatus, and preservative containing copper, chrome and boron (CCB) was used for comparison. The extractive of palepek baringin wood was dominated by ethylacetate fraction (3.54%), followed by chloroform and butanol fraction 1.73% and n-hexane (0.09%). All fractions have an antifungal activity to inhibit the growth of S. commune and P. ostreatus. Concentration of 50 ppm butanol fraction inhibited the growth of S. commune, and concentration of 250 ppm chloroform fraction inhited the growth of Pleurotus sp. Preservative of CCB 100 ppm inhibited the growth of S. commune and P. ostreatus by 43%. Butanol fraction contained 16 active compounds (PB.1-PB.16) that could inhibit the growth both of S. commune and P. ostreatus with IC50 54.29-64.32 and 48.40-65.86 ppm, respectively. Based on mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and 1HNMR analysis, the compound of PB.1.1 which has anti-fungal activity was 2,3-dihydroxyoctadecanoic acid.Key words: 2,3-dihydroxyoctadecanoic acid, antifungal, Pleurotus ostreatus, Schyzophlum commune, Shorea leavis

Distribusi Kandungan Kimia Kayu Kelapa (Cocos nucifera L) Distribution of Chemical Compounds of Coconut Wood (Cocos nucifera L) Isna Yuniar Wardhani; Surjono Surjokusumo; Yusuf Sudo Hadi; Naresworo Nugroho
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 2, No 1 (2004): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Within a tree from base to top (longitudinal) and dermal to core (lateral), the chemical compounds of wood such us celluloses, lignin, holocelluloses, ash content and extractives are different. The distribution should be known to process the wood, including coconut wood, easily and to utilize the wood optimally. The objective of this study was to determine the distribution of chemical compound of coconut wood within a tree. The analysis was conducted according to TAPPI Standard with three replications for each sample. Average values and graphs were use to analyze the results.The results indicated that coconut wood contains of wood extractives that soluble in hot water of 3.75 ~ 8.92%; alcohol benzene of1.88 ~ 8.78%; 1% NaOH of 18.76 ~ 33.61%; ash content of 0.75 ~ 4.08%; celluloses of 28.1 ~ 36.55%; holocelluloses of 69.51 ~ 80.07% and lignin of 26.58 ~ 36.35%. From base to top, wood extractives soluble in 1% NaOH increased but in other solutions did not have uniform distributions. Laterally, only holocelluloses and lignin did not have uniform distributions, whereas the others increased from dermal to core

Optimum Lamina Configuration of I Glulam Beam Johannes A Tjondro; Buen Sian
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 9, No 1 (2011): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

The I glulam beam may have several failure modes, such as failure in bending, wood shear, glue shear or adhesive between glue and wood. This paper presented the analitycal and experimental study of the optimum lamina configuration and dimension. The analytical results of achieving the optimum strength of I beam cross section with the same specific gravity of web and flange showed that the longer the span the smaller the web to flange width ratio needs. The I beam was not optimum when the cross section has a small ratio of span to beam height, the failure mode will be in wood shear. The contribution of sheardeflection was small at span to beam height ratio more than 20. The 12 specimens of I glulam beam made from Acacia mangium as web with flange variation using A. mangium, Meranti and Keruing. The wood specific gravity ratio of flange to web and the shear strength of glue were significant to make the wood and glue achieved the maximum strength. The oilly surface of Keruing flange made the load carrying capacity become low because of the wood-glue adhesive failure.Key words: deformation, failure mode, lamina configuration, flexural, shear, strength.

Sifat Pengkaratan Lima Jenis Kayu Asal Sukabumi yang Disimpan Di Tempat Terbuka terhadap Sekrup Logam Djarwanto Djarwanto; Sihati Suprapti
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 13, No 2 (2015): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Lima jenis kayu kurang dikenal yaitu ki lubang (Calophyllum grandiflorum JJS), ki kuya (Ficus vasculosa Wall. Ex Miq.), ki bulu (Gironniera subaequalis Planch), ki hantap (Sterculia oblongata R.Br.) dan ki bancet (Turpinia sphaerocarpa Hassk.), di uji sifat pengkaratannya terhadap sekrup logam di tempat terbuka. Contoh uji diambil dari bagian tepi (A), tengah (B), dan dalam (C) dolok. Intensitas pengkaratan ditunjukkan oleh besarnya kehilangan berat sekrup. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa pengkaratan terjadi pada semua jenis kayu yang diuji. Pelunturan warna karat telah terjadi pada umur 2 minggu pemasangan. Derajat pengkaratan sekrup tertinggi terjadi pada kayu G. subaequalis. Kehilangan berat sekrup tertinggi didapatkan pada bagian tengah (B) dari pohon I G. subaequalis yaitu 5,35%, kemudian dari pohon II yaitu 5,24%. Sedangkan kehilangan berat kayu yang dipasangi sekrup tertinggi dijumpai pada bagian dalam (C) dari pohon I, S. oblongata, kemudian pada bagian A dari pohon I, F. Vasculosa.

Page 13 of 32 | Total Record : 316

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