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Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana
Published by Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Telinga Hidung dan Tenggorok Bedah Kepala Leher Indonesia
ISSN : 02163667     EISSN : 25983970     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology
Journal Othorhinolaryngologica Indonesiana is a peer-reviewed and open access journal that focuses on promoting otorhinolaryngology-head and neck surgery that publishes research reports, case reports, and literature reviews, to increase knowledge and updating diagnostics procedurs on otorhinolaryngology-head and neck surgery.
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Articles 493 Documents
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Correlation of nodule with body mass index and Karnofsky status in nasopharyngeal carcinoma chemotherapy Bagus Harning Efranto; Soehartono -; Edi Handoko
Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana Vol. 51 No. 1 (2021): Volume 51, No. 1 January - June 2021
Publisher : PERHATI-KL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32637/orli.v51i1.412

Abstract

Background: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignancy arising from the nasopharyngeal epithelium, usually present in the Rosenmüller fossa. NPC is a cancer of the head and neck that is most common in Indonesia. The main therapeutic for NPC is radiotherapy. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy reduces the local spread of advanced NPC, optimizing the eradication of micrometastases, and improved local control. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy’s effectiveness can be assessed by changes in the patient’s neck nodule size (N), Body Mass Index (BMI), and Karnofsky’s status. Purpose: To determine the correlation between N with BMI and Karnofsky status on neoadjuvant chemotherapy with Cisplatin and 5-Fu in WHO type 3 of NPC patients. Method: Analytical observational study using medical record data. An assessment of N, BMI and Karnofsky status of NPC WHO type 3 of 23 patients who had undergone neoadjuvant chemotherapy using Cisplatin and 5-Fu for three cycles. Result: The N value decreased, p = 0.001. BMI value decreased, p = 0.615. Karnofsky’s status value, p = 0.564. The correlation between N and BMI before and after three cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy: r = -0.201 and p = 0.358 ; r = -0.070 and p = 0.751. Correlation of N with Karnofsky status: r = 0.155 and p = 0.480; r = 0.571 and p = 0.004. Conclusion: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy with Cisplatin and 5-Fu was effective towards reducing the N and also in correlation between N and BMI but less effective in the correlation between N and Karnofsky status.ABSTRAK Latar belakang: Karsinoma nasofaring (KNF) adalah keganasan yang berasal dari epitel nasofaring yang biasanya timbul di fossa Rosenmüller. KNF merupakan kanker di kepala dan leher yang paling umum terjadi di Indonesia. Terapi utama pada KNF adalah radioterapi. Kemoterapi neoajuvan dapat menurunkan penyebaran lokal KNF stadium lanjut, mengoptimalkan eradikasi mikrometastasis, dan meningkatkan kontrol lokal. Efektivitas kemoterapi neoajuvan dapat dinilai dengan perubahan ukuran nodul leher (N) pasien, indeks massa tubuh (IMT) dan status Karnofsky pasien. Tujuan: Mengetahui korelasi antara N dengan IMT dan status Karnofsky pada pemberian kemoterapi neoajuvan Cisplatin dan 5-Fu pada pasien KNF WHO tipe 3. Metode: Penelitian observasional analitik dengan menggunakan data rekam medis. Penilaian dilakukan terhadap N, IMT dan status Karnofsky pada 23 pasien KNF WHO tipe 3 yang telah menjalani kemoterapi neoajuvan dengan menggunakan Cisplatin dan 5-Fu sebanyak tiga siklus. Hasil: Nilai N menurun, p=0,001. Nilai IMT menurun, p=0,615. Nilai status Karnofsky, p=0,564. Korelasi antara N dengan IMT sebelum dan setelah tiga siklus kemoterapi neoajuvan: r= -0,201 dan p= 0,358; r= -0,070 dan p=0,751. Korelasi N dengan status Karnofsky: r=0,155 dan p=0,480; r=0,571 dan p=0,004. Kesimpulan: Kemoterapi neoajuvan dengan Cisplatin dan 5-Fu efektif terhadap penurunan N serta korelasi antara N dengan IMT, namun kurang efektif menilai korelasi antara N dengan Status Karnofsky.Kata kunci: karsinoma nasofaring, kemoterapi neoajuvan,nodul, indeks massa tubuh, status Karnofsky
Association Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio and Therapy Respons in Submandibular Abscess with and without Diabetes Dian Ratna Chamora; Mohammad Dwijo Murdiyo; Iriana Maharani
Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana Vol. 51 No. 2 (2021): VOLUME 51, NO. 2 JULY - DECEMBER 2021
Publisher : PERHATI-KL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32637/orli.v51i2.416

Abstract

ABSTRACTBackground: Submandibular abscess is one of the most common deep neck abscesses and associated with fatal complications which require adequate management. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic and complex disease that necessitates ongoing medical care with a multifactorial risk reduction strategy in addition to blood sugar control. The neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a simple marker for the systemic inflammatory conditions. An increased NLR values were found in patients with submandibular abscesses and patients with DM. Purpose: To determine the correlation between NLR to the therapeutic response of patients with submandibular abscesses with and without DM. Method: A cross-sectional study design with secondary data collection from medical records of submandibular abscess patients with and without DM. NLR value was compared between two groups. Correlation between NLR value and therapeutic response was compared between DM and non DM group. Result: The mean NLR of patients with and without DM were respectively 7.65 ± 4.92 and 16.53 ± 11. There was no significant difference between NLR and good therapeutic response or not in submandibular abscess patients with and without DM (p > 0.05). Conclusion: NLR of submandibular abscess patients with DM was lower than without DM. A lower NLR in submandibular abscess patients with DM did not have better response to therapy. Lower LNR in submandibular abscess patients without DM had a better therapeutic response, but it was not statistically significant.Keywords: neutrophil lymphocyte ratio, response to therapy, submandibular abscess, diabetes mellitusABSTRAKLatar belakang: Abses submandibula merupakan salah satu abses leher dalam yang paling sering ditemui dan berkaitan dengan komplikasi yang fatal sehingga diperlukan penatalaksanaan yang memadai pada pasien. Diabetes mellitus (DM) merupakan penyakit kronis dan kompleks, yang memerlukan perawatan medis berkelanjutan dengan strategi mengurangi risiko multifaktorial selain kontrol gula darah. Rasio neutrofil limfosit (RNL) merupakan penanda sederhana adanya kondisi inflamasi sistemik. Peningkatan nilai RNL ditemukan pada pasien dengan abses submandibula dan pasien DM. Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan RNL terhadap respon terapi penderita abses submandibula dengan DM dan tanpa DM. Metode: Penelitian cross-sectional, sampel penelitian dari arsip rekam medis rawat inap pasien dengan diagnosis abses submandibula baik dengan komorbid DM dan tanpa komorbid DM. Nilai RNL dibandingkan diantara kedua kelompok. Hubungan nilai RNL dan respon terapi dibandingkan diantara kelompok DM dan tanpa DM. Hasil: Rerata nilai RNL pada pasien abses submandibula dengan komorbid DM sebesar 7,65 + 4,92 dan pada pasien tanpa komorbid DM sebesar 16,53 + 11. Tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara nilai RNL terhadap respon terapi baik dan tidak baik pada pasien abses submandibula dengan komorbid DM dan tanpa DM (p>0,05). Kesimpulan: RNL penderita abses submandibula dengan DM lebih rendah daripada penderita tanpa DM. RNL yang lebih rendah tidak memiliki respon terapi yang lebih baik pada penderita abses submandibula dengan DM. RNL yang lebih rendah memiliki respon terapi yang lebih baik pada penderita abses submandibula tanpa DM, namun tidak bermakna secara statisitik.Kata kunci: rasio neutrofil limfosit, respon terapi, abses submandibula, diabetes mellitus
Characteristics of mastoid carcinoma patients in Otorhinolaryngology-HNS Department Zainoel Abidin General Hospital Banda Aceh Benny - Kurnia; Baluqia Iskandar Putri
Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana Vol. 51 No. 1 (2021): Volume 51, No. 1 January - June 2021
Publisher : PERHATI-KL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32637/orli.v51i1.419

Abstract

Background: Mastoid carcinoma is a rare case of an aggressive tumor with a poor prognosis. Purpose: To identify the characteristics of mastoid carcinoma patients in Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Department of dr. Zainoel Abidin General Hospital, Banda Aceh. Method: This was a descriptive study using medical records data from January 2012 to July 2019, and from the histopathological data as a confirmation. Result: There were 9 cases consisted of 4 male and 5 female patients with the ratio 1:1.2, between the age of 12-72 years old, and the majority was in 41-60 years group of age. Clinical symptoms obtained are otalgia (100%), otorrhea (100%),facial paresis (100%), hearing loss (100%), ear canal mass (100%) and retroauricular mass (44.4%). The histopathological type of all cases was squamous cell carcinoma (100%). Based on CT scan examination results, there were 55.6% cases in stage IV and 44.4% in stage III. Chemotherapy was given to 89% of patients, and 11% received radiotherapy. Conclusion: Mastoid carcinoma is a rare case. In our study, there were 4 male and 5 female patients with mastoid carcinoma. The histopathological type of all patients was squamous cell carcinoma, in stage III and IV. Chemotherapy was given to 9 patients, and 1 patient received radiotherapy.ABSTRAKLatar belakang: Karsinoma mastoid merupakan kasus yang jarang namun serta bersifat agresif dan memiliki prognosis buruk. Tujuan: Mengetahui karakteristik pasien karsinoma mastoid di Bagian Telinga Hidung Tenggorok Bedah Kepala Leher, Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh. Metode: Penelitian deskriptif dengan menggunakan data rekam medik RSUD dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh periode Januari 2012 sampai Juli 2019 dan data hasil pemeriksaan histopatologi sebagai konfirmasi. Hasil: Didapatkan 9 kasus terdiri dari 4 pria dan 5 wanita dengan perbandingan 1:1,2. Sebaran usia pasien dari 12 sampai 72 tahun dengan insiden puncak usia 41-60 tahun. Gejala klinis yang didapatkan adalah otalgia (100%), sekret telinga (100%), paresis fasialis (100%), penurunan pendengaran (100%), massa di liang telinga (100%) dan massa retroaurikular (44,4%). Tipe histopatologi seluruh kasus adalah Squamous Cell Carcinoma (100%). Stadium IV sebesar 55,6% dan stadium III sebesar 44,4% ditentukan berdasarkan CT Scan. Dilakukan kemoterapi pada 89% pasien dan radioterapi pada 11% pasien. Kesimpulan: Karsinoma mastoid merupakan kasus yang jarang. Pada penelitian kami didapati 4 pasien laki-laki dan 5 pasien perempuan penderita karsinoma mastoid dengan usia terbanyak pada 41-60 tahun. Histopatologi seluruh pasien merupakan karsinoma sel skuamosa stadium III dan stadium IV. Kemoterapi diberikan kepada 9 pasien, dan 1 pasien mendapat radioterapi.Kata kunci: karsinoma mastoid, karakteristik, gejala klinis, histopatologi, terapi
Auditory Brainstem Response profile in speech delay patients at Universitas Gadjah Mada Academic Hospital Mahatma Sotya Bawono; Ade Febrina Lestari; Widiarahma Hapsari; Herfis Avidati; Shinta Kusumalarna Sari
Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana Vol. 51 No. 2 (2021): VOLUME 51, NO. 2 JULY - DECEMBER 2021
Publisher : PERHATI-KL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32637/orli.v51i2.420

Abstract

ABSTRACTBackground: Speech delay is one of the most common causes of developmental disorders in children and the reason for patients to be referred to the Electromedical Unit. Purpose: To find out the profile of Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) results in pediatric patients with speech delays at the Electromedical Clinic of UGM Academic Hospital. Method: This was a retrospective descriptive observational study using secondary data, using total sampling method from January 1 to December 31, 2019. The respondents were 86 children who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Most of the respondents were male (68.6 %) in the age range of 2-<3 years (45.3%). Result: ABR examination found 68 children (79.1%) classified as normal ABR and 18 children (31.4%) with abnormal ABR. The highest number of respondents who obtained normal ABR results were male (42.6%), while abnormal ABR results were higher in female (66.7%). Respondents with normal and abnormal ABR results were mostly in the age range of 2-<3 years, consisted of 29 children (42.6%) and 10 children (55.5%) respectively. The respondents in this study were mainly categorized in the range of severe hearing loss (66.6%). Most of the respondents (77.8%) belong to the type of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). Conclusion: Respondents with abnormal ABR results showed predominantly (83.3%) had a hearing loss on both sides of the ear (bilateral). Pediatric patients with speech delay who underwent ABR testing mostly showed normal hearing. The majority of them were male, between 2-3 years of age.Keywords: ABR (Auditory Brainstem Response), hearing loss, hearing test, speech delayABSTRAKLatar belakang: Keterlambatan bicara adalah salah satu penyebab gangguan perkembangan yang paling sering ditemukan pada anak. Keterlambatan bicara merupakan penyebab terbanyak pasien dikirim ke Unit Elektromedik. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui profil hasil Brain Evoked Response Auditory (BERA) pada pasien anak dengan keterlambatan bicara di Klinik Elektromedik RSA UGM. Metode: Penelitian deskriptif observasional dengan menggunakan data sekunder. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik total sampling pada periode 1 Januari 2019 sampai dengan 31 Desember 2019. Responden yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi berjumlah 86 anak. Sebagian besar responden berada pada rentang umur 2-<3 tahun (45,3%) dan berjenis kelamin laki-laki (68,6%). Hasil: Responden dengan hasil pemeriksaan BERA normal sejumlah 68 anak (79,1%), sedangkan sisanya sebanyak 18 anak (31,4%) tidak normal. Sebagian besar responden dengan hasil BERA normal berjenis kelamin laki-laki (42,6%), sedangkan pada responden dengan hasil BERA tidak normal, sebagian besar berjenis kelamin perempuan (66,7%). Responden dengan hasil BERA normal maupun tidak normal sebagian besar berada pada rentang umur 2-<3 tahun, masing-masing berjumlah 29 anak (42,6%) dan 10 anak (55,5%). Sebagian besar responden pada penelitian ini tergolong pada gangguan pendengaran berat (66,6%). Penelitian ini juga menunjukkan sebagian besar responden (77,8%) termasuk dalam jenis gangguan pendengaran Sensorineural Hearing Loss (SNHL). Kesimpulan: Responden dengan hasil BERA tidak normal ini menunjukkan sebagian besar (83,3%) mengalami gangguan pendengaran pada kedua sisi telinga (bilateral). Pasien anak dengan keterlambatan bicara yang dilakukan tes BERA sebagian besar hasilnya normal. Kebanyakan dari mereka berjenis kelamin laki-laki dan berusia 2-3 tahun.Kata kunci: Keterlambatan bicara, gangguan pendengaran, pemeriksaan pendengaran, Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR), Brain Evoked Response Auditory (BERA)
Microbiota profile in sinonasal mucosa of chronic rhinosinusitis as an indicator for therapeutic outcome Imam Megantara; Muhammad Fadhil Ihsan Yazid; Gita Widya Pradini; Melati Sudiro; Chrysanti Murad
Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana Vol. 51 No. 2 (2021): VOLUME 51, NO. 2 JULY - DECEMBER 2021
Publisher : PERHATI-KL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32637/orli.v51i2.423

Abstract

ABSTRACTBackground: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is characterized by persistent inflammation of the sinonasal mucosa, which often requires surgical and additional post-operative therapy. Microbial dysbiosis due to the imbalance of commensal bacteria and pathogens plays a crucial role in the inflammatory process within the sinonasal mucosa and in therapy outcome. Further knowledge about the microbiota profile in CRS is needed to improve the management strategy for CRS patients. Purpose: To review recent studies on the microbiota profile in sinonasal mucosa of CRS patients, and its potential as an indicator for therapeutic outcome. Literature review: Recent data from several studies has documented increased microbiota richness and diversity in post-operative CRS patients’ sinonasal mucosa, as well as good post-operative outcomes. Increased genus Corynebacterium abundance was also consistently associated with good post-operative outcomes. Conclusion: There was a difference in microbiota profiles in pre and post-operative CRS patients, indicating an association with clinical improvement. Corynebacterium was associated with better post-operative outcomes. Thus, the presence of these bacteria potentially could be used as an indicator for therapeutic outcome.Keywords: chronic rhinosinusitis, microbiota, endoscopic sinus surgery, therapeutic outcomeABSTRAKLatar belakang: Rinosinusitis kronis (RSK) merupakan kondisi inflamasi yang menetap pada mukosa sinonasal dan sering memerlukan operasi dan terapi tambahan pasca-operasi. Kondisi disbiosis mikrobiota akibat ketidakseimbangan bakteri komensal dan patogen diduga memengaruhi proses inflamasi pada mukosa sinonasal dan luaran terapi. Diperlukan pengetahuan tentang profil mikrobiota pada RSK sehingga diharapkan dapat meningkatkan strategi penanganan pasien RSK. Tujuan: Mempelajari studi terkini tentang profil mikrobiota pada mukosa sinonasal pasien RSK, dan potensinya sebagai indikator luaran terapi. Tinjauan pustaka: Data terkini dari beberapa penelitian menemukan peningkatan kekayaan dan keragaman mikrobiota pada mukosa sinonasal pasien RSK pasca-operasi dan memiliki hubungan dengan luaran operasi yang baik. Peningkatan kelimpahan genus Corynebacterium ditemukan secara konsisten berkaitan dengan luaran operasi yang baik. Kesimpulan: Terdapat perbedaan profil mikrobiota pada pasien RSK pra dan pasca-operasi yang mengindikasikan kaitannya dengan perbaikan klinis. Corynebacterium adalah bakteri yang ditemukan memiliki hubungan dengan luaran operasi yang lebih baik, sehingga keberadaan bakteri ini berpotensi untuk dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai indikator luaran terapi.Kata kunci: rinosinusitis kronis, mikrobiota, operasi sinus endoskopik, luaran terapi
The differences in the quality of life of allergic rhinitis and non-symptomatic individuals Ayu Betty Hutagaol; Indri Adriztina
Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana Vol. 51 No. 2 (2021): VOLUME 51, NO. 2 JULY - DECEMBER 2021
Publisher : PERHATI-KL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32637/orli.v51i2.428

Abstract

ABSTRACTBackground: Allergic rhinitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the nose that occurs as an IgE-mediated reaction. Classical symptoms of allergic rhinitis are sneezing, nasal congestion, nasal itching and rhinorrhea. The effects of allergic rhinitis can have an impact on daily activities that affect the quality of life of sufferers. Purpose: To determine the differences between the quality of life of allergic rhinitis sufferers and non-symptomatic subjects in the Faculty of Medicine, University of North Sumatra batch 2017. Methods: This was an observational study with a cross-sectional design. The research sample was obtained by total sampling technique and used two questionnaires, Score for Allergic Rhinitis (SFAR) to assess allergic rhinitis, and 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF 36) to assess the quality of life of the research subjects, which were students of the Faculty of Medicine, University of North Sumatra, of the year 2017. Result: Among 213 students from the Faculty of Medicine, University of Sumatera Utara of the year 2017, there were 112 allergic rhinitis sufferers and 101 non-symptomatic students. The median quality of life score for allergic rhinitis sufferers was 74, while the median score of quality of life for non-symptomatic students was 78. Using Man Whitney test, the result obtained p value <0.05 (p = 0.044). Conclusion: There was a significant difference between the quality of life of students with allergic rhinitis and non-symptomatic individuals.Keywords: allergic rhinitis, quality of life, SFAR, SF-36ABSTRAKLatar belakang: Rinitis alergi merupakan inflamasi yang terjadi pada hidung akibat adanya reaksi alergi yang diperantarai oleh IgE. Gejala rinitis alergi berupa bersin-bersin, hidung tersumbat, serta hidung gatal dan rinore. Gejala rinitis alergi dapat berdampak pada aktivitas sehari-hari sehingga mempengaruhi kualitas hidup penderitanya. Tujuan: Mengetahui perbedaan kualitas hidup penderita dan bukan penderita rinitis alergi pada mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sumatera Utara, angkatan 2017. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian analitik observasional dengan rancangan cross-sectional. Sampel penelitian ditentukan dengan teknik total sampling dan menggunakan dua buah kuesioner yaitu Score for Allergic Rhinitis (SFAR) untuk menilai rinitis alergi dan 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) untuk menilai kualitas hidup. Subjek penelitian adalah mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sumatera Utara angkatan 2017. Hasil: Dari 213 mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sumatera Utara angkatan 2017, didapati 112 penderita rinitis alergi dan 101 bukan penderita rinitis alergi. Skor median kualitas hidup penderita rinitis alergi adalah 74 sedangkan skor median kualitas hidup mahasiswa bukan penderita rinitis alergi adalah 78. Dengan uji Man Whitney diperoleh hasil p value <0,05 (p=0,044). Kesimpulan: Penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya perbedaan signifikan antara kualitas hidup penderita rinitis alergi dan bukan penderita rinitis alergi.Kata kunci: rinitis alergi, kualitas hidup, SFAR, SF 36
Noma: a neglected tropical disease Mirta Hediyati Reksodiputro; Mikhael Yosia
Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana Vol. 51 No. 1 (2021): Volume 51, No. 1 January - June 2021
Publisher : PERHATI-KL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32637/orli.v51i1.429

Abstract

Background: Noma is an orofacial gangrene often manifesting in malnourished children in developing and tropical countries. Epidemiological data on noma are hard to find, but it is estimated that the global incidence of noma is 30-40,000 cases per year, with estimated mortality rate of about 85%. Purpose: To discuss the pathogenesis, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of noma. Literature review: The cause of noma is multifactorial, but is often found in conjunction with malnutrition and with other diseases such as measles, malaria, and the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), along with poor oral hygiene. The pathogenesis of noma includes a rapidly spreading noninfectious gangrene infection of the face, often preceded by acute necrotizing gingivitis, and stomatitis. Microbiological studies show opportunistic infections caused by imbalance of normal intraoral microorganisms. The key to prevention is to increase food hygiene, improving vaccination program against measles, prevention of malaria and HIV, and early detection and treatment of necrotic gingivitis and stomatitis. Early treatment with antibiotics can prevent gangrene formation or reduce the extent of the lesions. Late treatment consists of surgical rehabilitation, which is often hard to conduct. Conclusion: Noma is an infectious disease that can cause wide gangrenous wounds. Recognizing and understanding the symptoms and characteristic signs of noma is important so that comprehensive prevention and management can be given as early and optimally as possible to provide complete recovery for patients.ABSTRAK Latar belakang: Noma adalah gangren orofasial yang menyerang anak-anak kekurangan gizi terutama di negara-negara berkembang dan negara-negara tropis. Data epidemiologi tentang noma sangat langka, tetapi perkiraan kejadian global saat ini adalah 30-40.000 kasus per tahun, dengan tingkat kematian sekitar 85%. Tujuan: Membahas patogenesis, diagnosis, pencegahan, dan tatalaksana noma. Tinjauan pustaka: Penyebab noma multifaktorial, namun sering ditemukan bersamaan dengan malnutrisi dan dengan penyakit lain seperti campak, malaria, dan human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Sering pula terjadi bersamaan dengan higiene mulut yang buruk. Patogenesis noma meliputi infeksi gangren tidak menular, yang menyebar cepat di daerah wajah, sering didahului oleh gingivitis nekrotikans akut, dan stomatitis. Studi mikrobiologi menunjukkan adanya infeksi oportunistik yang disebabkan oleh ketidakseimbangan mikroorganisme intraoral normal. Pencegahan dapat berupa nutrisi yang baik, vaksinasi campak, pencegahan malaria dan HIV, termasuk deteksi dini dan pengobatan gingivitis nekrotikans dan stomatitis. Pengobatan dini dengan antibiotik dapat mencegah terjadinya gangren atau mengurangi luasnya lesi. Perawatan lebih lanjut berupa rehabilitasi bedah, yang seringkali tidak mudah dilakukan. Kesimpulan: Noma adalah penyakit infeksi yang dapat menimbulkan defek luka gangren luas. Penting untuk mengenali dan memahami gejala serta tanda karakteristik noma, sehingga pencegahan dan tatalaksana secara komprehensif dapat diberikan sedini dan seoptimal mungkin, agar dapat memberikan kesembuhan sempurna untuk pasien.Kata kunci: noma, penyakit tropik terabaikan, gangren orofasial, gingivitis nekrotik akut
The correlation between earphone usage patterns with the incidence rate and severity of tinnitus Adrian Joshua Velaro; Devira Zahara
Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana Vol. 51 No. 2 (2021): VOLUME 51, NO. 2 JULY - DECEMBER 2021
Publisher : PERHATI-KL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32637/orli.v51i2.432

Abstract

ABSTRACTBackground: Earphone nowadays is extensively used along with audiovisual technology development. The increased use of earphone can lead to tinnitus. Around 10- 20% of the adult population had experienced tinnitus during their life, and 0.5-2.5% affected their quality of life. Tinnitus in medical students could interfere in the teaching process which could can lead to decreased quality of medical students. Objective: To observe the correlation between the pattern of using earphone with the incidence of tinnitus, and to determine the severity of tinnitus among students of the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, class 2017-2019 who used earphones. Method: This was an analytic study with cross-sectional design, using consecutive sampling technique. Result: Bivariate analysis between earphone use patterns and the incidence of tinnitus among the subjects obtained statistically significant results (p=0.017). Univariate analysis on 148 respondents showed a pattern of risky earphone use (64.2%) and 52 people with tinnitus (35.1%), and tinnitus severity with 52 participants based on Visual Analogue Scale was mild (55.8%) and based on Tinnitus Handicap Inventory Questionnaire was light (53.9%). In the pattern of earphone use, the results of the analysis of the frequency of using earphones for 3-4 days were (40.5%), the volume of earphone use was 60-80% (54.1%), the length of time using earphones >3 years was (65.5%), and the duration of using earphones <1 hour (38.5%). Conclusion: There was a correlation between the pattern of earphone use and the incidence of tinnitus among students at the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, class 2017-2019.Keywords: earphone, tinnitus, Visual Analog Scale, Tinnitus Handicap Inventory QuestionnaireABSTRAKLatar belakang: Earphone saat ini sangat banyak digunakan seiring dengan perkembangan teknologi audiovisual. Prevalensi pengguna earphone pada remaja sekitar 83,6% dari 436 remaja. Penggunaan earphone yang berlebihan dapat menyebabkan tinitus. Statistik prevalensi dunia menunjukkan 30-40% populasi dewasa pernah mengalami tinnitus dalam hidupnya dan 0,5-2,5% kualitas hidupnya sangat terganggu oleh tinitus. Tinitus merupakan salah satu tanda penurunan fungsi pendengaran dan mampu menyebabkan penurunan performa kognitif. Tinitus pada mahasiswa kedokteran dapat mengganggu proses belajar mengajar sehingga dapat menurunkan kualitas mahasiswa kedokteran. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat hubungan pola penggunaan earphone dengan angka kejadian tinnitus serta tingkat keparahan tinitus pada mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sumatera Utara. Metode: Penelitian analitik dengan desain potong lintang dengan teknik pengambilan secara consecutive sampling. Pengukuran dilakukan dengan Visual Analog Scale (VAS) dan Tinitus Handicap Inventory Questionnaire (THI-Q). Hasil: Analisis bivariat antara pola penggunaan earphone dengan angka kejadian tinnitus pada mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sumatera Utara diperoleh hasil (p=0,017). Analisis univariat pada 148 responden menunjukkan pola penggunaan earphone berisiko sebanyak (64,2%) dan yang mengidap tinitus sebanyak 52 orang (35,1%), dan tingkat keparahan tinitus dengan jumlah responden 52 orang berdasarkan VAS adalah ringan (55,8%) dan berdasarkan THI-Q adalah ringan (53,9%). Pada pola penggunaan earphone diperoleh hasil analisis frekuensi penggunaan earphone 3-4 hari sebanyak (40,5%), volume penggunaan earphone 60-80% sebanyak (54,1%), lama penggunaan earphone >3 tahun sebanyak (65,5%), dan durasi penggunaan earphone <1 jam sebanyak (38,5%). Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara pola penggunaan earphone dengan angka kejadian tinitus pada mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sumatera Utara angkatan 2017-2019.Kata kunci: earphone, tinitus, Visual Analog Scale, Tinnitus Handicap Inventory Questionnaire
Proton pump inhibitors effect on the quality of life of patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux Susyana Tamin; Elvi Zulka; Rahmanofa Yunizaf; Adang Bachtiar
Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana Vol. 51 No. 2 (2021): VOLUME 51, NO. 2 JULY - DECEMBER 2021
Publisher : PERHATI-KL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32637/orli.v51i2.438

Abstract

ABSTRACTBackground: Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) is a condition caused by retrograde flow of gastric contents to the larynx, pharynx, trachea, and bronchus, which can affect patients’ quality of life (QOL). Purpose: To evaluate the effect of proton pump–inhibitor (PPI) therapy on the quality of life of patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR). Methods: This randomized controlled trial study involved 52 patients with dysphagia. The short-form REFLUX-QUAL® questionnaire was used to assess QOL. The patients were given lansoprazole twice daily as early diagnostic method as well as a therapy for LPR. If improvement found, PPI therapy was continued for two months. Afterwards patients was randomly divided into continuous therapy group (n = 25) or an on-demand therapy group (n = 27). Results: There was no significant difference in gender, age group, or economic level among subjects in both groups. Treatment with PPIs both continuously and on-demand significantly improved patients’ QOL from 44.83 ± 19.11 to 83.37 ± 11.51 (p <0.001). Significant improvements occurred in almost all of eight QOL domains as compared at the start of and six months into PPI therapy (p <0.001); discomfort remained the exception as patients with LPR must continue to avoid certain foods, (p = 0.233). However, there was no significant difference between the continuous and on-demand therapy groups concerning improvements in the quality of life (p = 0.281). Conclusion: Treatment with PPIs either continuously or on-demand for six months significantly improved patients’ quality of life, with no significant difference between the two treatment groups.Keywords: proton pump inhibitor, PPI, quality of life, laryngopharyngeal reflux, LPRABSTRAKLatar belakang: Refluks laringofaring (RLF) adalah kondisi terjadinya aliran balik isi lambung ke laring, faring, trakea, dan bronkus yang dapat mempengaruhi kualitas hidup pasien. Terapi empiris Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI) merupakan pendekatan diagnosis dan metode terapi untuk RLF. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas pengobatan PPI terhadap kualitas hidup pasien RLF Metode: Penelitian secara uji acak terkendali ini melibatkan 52 pasien dengan keluhan disfagia. Digunakan Reflux-Qual Short form (RQS) untuk menilai kualitas hidup subjek. Pasien diberikan lansoprazole dua kali sehari sebagai diagnosis dini dan terapi untuk refluks. Apabila terdapat perbaikan, PPI diteruskan selama 2 bulan, kemudian pasien dibagi menjadi 2 grup secara acak. Kelompok pasien yang mendapatkan terapi secara kontinu terdiri dari 25 pasien, sedangkan kelompok terapi on-demand terdiri dari 27 pasien. Hasil: Tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan pada jenis kelamin, usia, tingkat ekonomi antara pasien pada kelompok terapi kontinu dan on-demand. Pengobatan PPI secara kontinu dan on-demand secara signifikan meningkatkan kualitas hidup pasien dari 44,83 ± 19,11 menjadi 83,37 ± 11,51 (p<0,001). Selain itu, terdapat perbaikan yang signifikan pada hampir semua dari delapan domain kualitas hidup pada bulan keenam terapi PPI dibandingk an awal terapi, kecuali pada domain ketidaknyamanan pasien karena pasien harus menghindari makanan tertentu (p = 0,233). Namun, tidak ditemukan perbedaan yang signifikan pada kelompok terapi secara kontinu dan on-demand pada peningkatan kualitas hidup (p = 0,281). Kesimpulan: Pengobatan PPI secara kontinu dan on-demand selama 6 bulan secara signifikan meningkatkan kualitas hidup pasien RLF. Namun, tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara kedua kelompok tersebut terhadap peningkatan kualitas hidup.Kata kunci: penghambat pompa proton, PPI, refluks laringfaring, refleks laringofaring, kualitas hidup
Coalescent mastioditis as a complication of acute otitis media Ratna Dwi Restuti; Harim Priyono; Dora A Marpaung; Ayu Astria Sriyana; Rangga Rayendra Saleh
Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana Vol. 51 No. 1 (2021): Volume 51, No. 1 January - June 2021
Publisher : PERHATI-KL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32637/orli.v51i1.443

Abstract

Background: Acute otitis media (AOM) is one of the most common infections in children. AOM disease can lead to complications such as coalescent mastoiditis. Mastoidectomy surgery in cases of coalescent mastoiditis in children is still a debate. Purpose: To convey the management of coalescent mastoiditis in pediatric patients as complication of AOM using an evidence-based literature search. Case Report: A 10-month old patient with a diagnosis of AOM and coalescent mastoiditis, who was given antibiotic therapy and abscess drainage incision. Clinical question: In a child with coalescent mastoiditis as a complication of otitis media, could the disease be cured with intravena antiobitic therapy only without mastoidectomy operation? Review methods: Evidence-based literature searches through Pubmed, Proquest and Cochrane were performed using the keywords mastoidectomy, antibiotics and coalescent mastoiditis. Result: The search resulted in 277 literatures, and 12 were relevant with the case, and two journals stating that in cases of uncomplicated coalescent mastoiditis, mastoidectomy operation could be postponed and intravenous antibiotic could be administered with monitoring of the patient’s condition for 48 hours. Conclusion: Intravenous antibiotic is the primary therapy in cases of coalescence mastoiditis accompanied by clinical monitoring for 48 hours. Additional mastoidectomy and other surgeries were performed in cases of clinical deterioration after intravenous antibiotic therapy, and in cases of intratemporal or intracranial complications. ABSTRAK Latar belakang: Otitis Media Akut (OMA) merupakan salah satu infeksi yang sering ditemukan pada anak. Penyakit OMA dapat mengakibatkan komplikasi seperti mastoiditis koalesens. Operasi telinga mastoidektomi untuk kasus mastoiditis koalesens anak masih merupakan perdebatan sampai saat ini. Tujuan: Mengulas tatalaksana mastoiditis koalesens akibat OMA pada pasien anak menggunakan pencarian literatur berbasis bukti. Laporan Kasus: Seorang pasien umur 10 bulan dengan OMA dan komplikasi mastoiditis koalesens. Dilakukan tatalaksana terapi antibiotik dan insisi drainase abses. Pertanyaan klinis: Pada kasus anak kecil dengan mastoiditis koalensens sebagai komplikasi otitis media akut, apakah penyakit ini dapat disembuhkan hanya dengan pemberian terapi antibiotik intravena tanpa operasi mastoidektomi? Telaah literatur: Telaah berbasis bukti dilakukan melalui Pubmed, Proquest dan Cochrane, dengan menggunakan kata kunci mastoidektomi, antibiotik dan mastoiditis koalesens. Hasil: Telaah berbasis bukti menghasilkan 277 literatur, 12 diantaranya relevan dengan kasus, dan dua literatur menyatakan bahwa pada kasus mastoiditis koalesens tanpa komplikasi, mastoidektomi bisa ditunda dan pemberian antibiotik intravena bisa diberikan dengan pemantauan kondisi pasien selama 48 jam. Kesimpulan: Pemberian antibiotik intravena merupakan terapi utama pada kasus mastoiditis koalesens disertai pemantauan klinis selama 48 jam. Terapi lanjutan berupa mastoidektomi dan operasi lainnya dilakukan pada kasus dengan perburukan klinis sesudah terapi antibiotik intravena, dan pada kasus komplikasi intratemporal atau intrakranial.Kata kunci: mastoiditis koalesens, otitis media akut, antibiotik, mastoidektomi

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