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INDONESIA
JURNAL PANGAN
Published by Perusahaan Umum Badan Urusan Logistik
ISSN : 08520607     EISSN : 25276239     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Social Sciences
PANGAN merupakan sebuah jurnal ilmiah yang dipublikasikan oleh Pusat Riset dan Perencanaan Strategis Perum BULOG, terbit secara berkala tiga kali dalam setahun pada bulan April, Agustus, dan Desember.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 6 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol. 34 No. 3 (2025): PANGAN" : 6 Documents clear
Determinan Pendapatan Usahatani Padi pada Lahan Suboptimaldi Sumatera Selatan (Determinants of Rice Farming Income on Suboptimal Landin South Sumatera) Endang Lastinawati
JURNAL PANGAN Vol. 34 No. 3 (2025): PANGAN
Publisher : Perum BULOG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33964/jp.v34i3.906

Abstract

         Padi merupakan komoditas pangan utama di Provinsi Sumatera Selatan, sehingga peningkatanproduksinya menjadi prioritas melalui optimalisasi lahan suboptimal, seperti lahan pasang surut dan lebak. Upaya optimalisasi tersebut harus sejalan dengan peningkatan pendapatan petani. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan pendapatan, menentukan alternatif lahan yang sesuai, serta menganalisis determinan pendapatan usahatani padi di kedua tipe lahan tersebut. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah survei dengan penentuan sampel secara purposif bertingkat, melibatkan 120 petani dari empat desa di Kabupaten Banyuasin, masing-masing dua desa pada lahan pasang surut dan lebak. Analisis data menggunakan persamaan matematis pendapatan dan model regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan antara pendapatan petani padi di lahan pasang surut dan lebak. Namun, lahan pasang surut memiliki potensi lebih besar untuk dikembangkan sebagai basis utama produksi padi di Kabupaten Banyuasin dan wilayah Sumatera Selatan. Determinan pendapatan usahatani padi meliputi luas lahan, biaya produksi, produksi, dan harga gabah kering panen. Untuk meningkatkan pendapatan petani, diperlukan program berbasis kelas hidrotopografi lahan, meliputi: rehabilitasi tata air, ameliorasi, penggunaan varietas unggul, perbaikan teknik budidaya, penataan waktu tanam, demplot padi surjan, bantuan mekanisasi, fasilitas kredit input, penyediaan infrastruktur logistik dan penyimpanan, penguatan koperasi pemasaran dan kelompok tani melalui pelatihan dan penyuluhan, serta inklusi petani muda.              Rice is the main food commodity in South Sumatra Province; therefore, increasing its production has become a priority through optimizing suboptimal lands such as tidal and swamp (lebak) areas. This optimization effort must be aligned with improving farmers’ income. This study aimed to compare farmincomes, identify the most suitable land type for rice cultivation, and analyze the determinants of ricefarmers’ income in both land types. The research employed a survey method with a stratified purposivesampling technique with 120 farmers from four villages in Banyuasin Regency, consisted of two villages intidal areas and two in swamp areas. Data were analyzed using farm income equations and multiple linearregression models. The results showed no significant difference in rice farmers’ income between tidal andswamp areas. However, tidal land had greater potential to be developed as the primary base for riceproduction in Banyuasin Regency and the South Sumatra region. The main determinants of farm incomewere land area, production costs, yield, and grain price. To increase farmers’ income, programs based onland hydrotopographic classification are required, including water management rehabilitation, soilamelioration, use of superior varieties, improvement of cultivation techniques, crop scheduling, demonstration plots, mechanization assistance, input credit facilities, logistics and storage infrastructure,strengthening of marketing cooperatives and farmer groups, as well as youth farmer inclusion initiatives.
Efektivitas Kebijakan Subsidi Input terhadap ProduktivitasPertanian: Kasus Usaha Tani Jagung (Effectiveness of Input Subsidy Policies on Agricultural Productivity:Evidence from Maize Farming) Wirakusuma, Gilang; Sugiyarto, Sugiyarto
JURNAL PANGAN Vol. 34 No. 3 (2025): PANGAN
Publisher : Perum BULOG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33964/jp.v34i3.928

Abstract

      Subsidi input masih menjadi salah satu instrumen penting dalam kebijakan pertanian untukmeningkatkan produktivitas dan ketahanan pangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dampak kebijakan subsidi input terhadap produktivitas pertanian, dengan fokus pada usaha tani jagung di Indonesia. Analisis menggunakan data mikro Sensus Pertanian 2013 dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 67.100 rumah tangga usaha tani jagung. Metode Propensity Score Matching (PSM) diterapkan untuk mengukur dampak subsidi pupuk dan subsidi benih terhadap produktivitas, produksi per satuan lahan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan model PSM berhasil mengurangi bias seleksi dan mengonfirmasi adanya pengaruh nyata dari kebijakan subsidi input terhadap produktivitas. Temuan utama memperlihatkan adanya perbedaan arah dampak. Subsidi pupuk terbukti meningkatkan produktivitas usaha tani jagung, sedangkan subsidi benih justru berdampak negatif berupa penurunan produktivitas. Perbedaan ini menegaskan perlunya evaluasi lebih lanjut terhadap efektivitas desain dan implementasi program subsidi input di Indonesia.           Input subsidies remain one of the key policy instruments in agriculture to enhance productivity and food security. This study examines the impact of input subsidy policies on agricultural productivity, with a particular focus on maize farming in Indonesia. The analysis uses microdata from the 2013 Agricultural Census, comprising a sample of 67,100 maize-farming households. The Propensity Score Matching (PSM) method is employed to assess the effects of fertilizer and seed subsidies on productivity. The results indicate that applying the PSM model effectively reduces selection bias and confirms a significant impact of input subsidy policies on productivity. The main findings reveal divergent effects: fertilizer subsidies increase maize farm productivity, whereas seed subsidies reduce it. This contrast underscores the need for further evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and implementation of input subsidy programs in Indonesia.
Membangun Model Kerjasama Investasi Revitalisasi InfrastrukturPascapanen Padi Melalui Skema Public-Private Partnership (Building a Cooperation Model for Investment in Post-Harvest RiceInfrastructure Revitalization Through a Public-Private PartnershipScheme) Ahmad Rizal Ramdhani; Hardjosoekarto, Sudarsono; Fitriati, Rachma
JURNAL PANGAN Vol. 34 No. 3 (2025): PANGAN
Publisher : Perum BULOG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33964/jp.v34i3.931

Abstract

           Dominasi penggilingan padi kecil (PPK) dengan teknologi usang menjadi isu struktural yangmenghambat efisiensi pascapanen padi di Indonesia. Penelitian ini mengisi kesenjangan literatur mengenai adaptasi skema Public-Private Partnership (PPP) pada sektor pertanian terfragmentasi dengan merancang model kerjasama investasi yang menempatkan BUMN Pangan sebagai fasilitator kelembagaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang model kerjasama investasi untuk revitalisasi infrastruktur pascapanen melalui skema Public-Private Partnership (PPP) dengan BUMN Pangan sebagai fasilitator. Menggunakan pendekatan Soft Systems Methodology (SSM) dan Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA), penelitian ini memetakan situasi problematik dan memprioritaskan 639 Rice Milling Unit (RMU) dari 2.266 unit yang dianalisis, di mana 73,1 persen masuk dalam kategori prioritas tinggi dan sangat tinggi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model PPP yang diusulkan, dengan BUMN Pangan sebagai penghubung antara investor, PERPADI, dan petani, dapat mengurangi asimetri informasi dan risiko investasi. Model ini menawarkan skema investasi yang bervariasi (misalnya, leasing, partisipasi ekuitas) yang disesuaikan dengan tingkat prioritas RMU. Kesimpulannya, model ini tidak hanya berfungsi sebagai solusi praktis untuk modernisasi infrastruktur pascapanen, tetapi juga memberikan kontribusi teoretis dalam penerapan PPP di sektor pangan mikro, yang pada akhirnya mendukung penguatan ketahanan pangan nasional.               Indonesia’s rice milling industry is still dominated by small-scale mills (PPK) which account for more than 95% of total business units with outdated technology and capital limitations. This research aims to design an investment cooperation model for post-harvest infrastructure revitalization through a Public Private Partnership (PPP) scheme with BUMN PANGAN as facilitator. Using Soft Systems Methodology (SSM), the research analyzes problematic situations through identification of clients, practitioners, and problem owners, as well as examining social and political aspects of cooperation. Data shows installed capacity reaches ±116 million tons per year but realization is only ±65 million tons per year. Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) of 639 RMU units from 2,266 units shows 73.1 percent fall into High and Very High Priority categories. The proposed PPP model positions BUMN PANGAN as a connector between investors and PERPADI and farmer associations through identification, mapping, and partner appointment mechanisms based on objective criteria. In conclusion, this model can reduce investment risk, guarantee markets through BUMN PANGAN’s role as offtaker, and improve post-harvest efficiency to strengthen national food security. 
Penguatan Indikasi Geografis Beras Pandanwangi Cianjur: KajianKomparatif Standar Indonesia dan Jepang (Strengthening Geographical Indication of Pandanwangi Cianjur Rice:Comparative Study Indonesia-Japan Standards) ARTANTI, LEONY VITA
JURNAL PANGAN Vol. 34 No. 3 (2025): PANGAN
Publisher : Perum BULOG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33964/jp.v34i3.936

Abstract

           Indikasi Geografis (IG) merupakan instrumen penting untuk melindungi produk lokal yang memiliki kualitas dan karakteristik khas akibat faktor alam maupun manusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kelemahan deskripsi IG Beras Pandanwangi Cianjur dan menyusun rekomendasi penguatan melalui perbandingan dengan standar IG Jepang yang diatur oleh Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF). Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif berbasis studi pustaka, dengan sumber utama berupa dokumen resmi IG Pandanwangi Cianjur dari Pangkalan Data Kekayaan Intelektual (PDKI) serta Berita Resmi IG No. 03/IG/VII/A/2015, yang kemudian dibandingkan dengan pedoman teknis IG Jepang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa deskripsi IG Pandanwangi Cianjur belum sepenuhnya memenuhi ketentuan dalam PP No. 51 Tahun 2007, karena hanya menekankan ciri fisik beras dan lokasi budidaya secara umum. Unsur penting seperti batas wilayah administratif, sejarah dan reputasi, faktor ekologi, metode produksi, pengawasan mutu, serta sistem pelabelan belum dijabarkan secara rinci. Kondisi ini berpotensimelemahkan perlindungan hukum dan daya saing produk. Sebaliknya, sistem Jepang menekankan kualitas, reputasi historis, keterkaitan ekologis, serta peran aktif kelompok produsen dalam pengelolaan IG. Oleh karena itu, penyempurnaan deskripsi IG Pandanwangi Cianjur melalui integrasi dimensi kualitas, sosial budaya, ekologi, dan kelembagaan sangat penting untuk memperkuat identitas, meningkatkan nilai tambah ekonomi, dan mendukung keberlanjutan produk di pasar global.            Geographical Indication (GI) is an important instrument to protect local products with distinctive qualities and characteristics shaped by both natural and human factors. This study aimed to identify weaknesses in the GI description of Pandanwangi Cianjur rice and to provide recommendations for strengthening it by comparing it with the Japanese GI standards set by the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries (MAFF). The research applied a descriptive qualitative method based on a literature study, using the official GI description of Pandanwangi Cianjur from the Intellectual Property Database (PDKI) and the Official GI Gazette No. 03/IG/VII/A/2015, which were then compared with Japanese technical guidelines and GI descriptions. The results indicated that the GI description of Pandanwangi Cianjur did not fully comply with Government Regulation No. 51 of 2007, as it primarily described the rice's physical attributes and general cultivation areas. Essential elements such as administrative boundaries, history and reputation, ecological factors, production methods, quality control mechanisms, and labeling systems were not explained in detail. This condition may weaken both legal protection and product competitiveness. In contrast, the Japanese system emphasized product quality, historical value, ecological linkages, and the active involvement of producer organizations in GI management. Therefore, improving the GI description of Pandanwangi Cianjur by integrating quality, socio-cultural, ecological, and institutional dimensions is crucial to strengthen identity, increase economic value, and support the sustainability of local products in global markets.
Ketimpangan Spasial Pasokan Beras dan Implikasinya terhadapKetahanan Pangan di Pulau Sumatra (Spatial Disparities in Rice Supply and Their Implications for FoodSecurity in Sumatra Island) Ayamilah, Yasaroti; Chusamulloh, Muhammad; Hasanah, Julita; Rondhi, Mohammad
JURNAL PANGAN Vol. 34 No. 3 (2025): PANGAN
Publisher : Perum BULOG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33964/jp.v34i3.941

Abstract

         Ketimpangan distribusi beras merupakan salah satu faktor yang berpotensi memengaruhi ketahanan pangan regional, khususnya di Pulau Sumatra yang memiliki karakteristik produksi dan konsumsi beras yang sangat bervariasi antarwilayah. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pola spasial surplus dan defisit beras antarkabupaten/kota di Pulau Sumatra tahun 2023, mengukur tingkat ketimpangan ketersediaan beras pada periode 2018–2023, serta menguji pengaruh ketimpangan distribusi beras terhadap kerawanan pangan di Pulau Sumatra. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari publikasi resmi Badan Pusat Statistik, Kementerian Pertanian, literatur terkait, serta hasil penelitian terdahulu yang relevan denganmenggunakan analisis spasial, Indeks Williamson, serta regresi data panel menggunakan model Random Effects. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa distribusi spasial ketersediaan beras sangat timpang, dengan 62,34 persen wilayah mengalami kondisi defisit beras. Indeks Williamson secara konsisten berada di atas 0,5 yang mengindikasikan tingginya ketimpangan distribusi beras antarwilayah. Hasil regresi menunjukkan bahwa ketimpangan distribusi berpengaruh sangat signifikan terhadap Indeks Ketahanan Pangan (p-value: 0,0019). Selanjutnya, pengeluaran per kapita dan tingkat kemiskinan yang merupakan faktor dominan juga memengaruhi ketahanan pangan. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa ketahanan pangan di Sumatra lebih dipengaruhi oleh akses ekonomi (demand-side) dibandingkan ketersediaan fisik beras (supply-side). Oleh karena itu, studi ini merekomendasikan agar fokus kebijakan diarahkan pada peningkatan akses ekonomi melalui pengentasan kemiskinan, bantuan sosial, dan stabilisasi harga untuk mencapai ketahanan panganyang inklusif.             Rice distribution inequality is one factor that could affect regional food security, especially on theisland of Sumatra, where rice production and consumption vary widely across regions. This study aimedto analyze the spatial patterns of rice surpluses and deficits across districts/cities on the island of Sumatrain 2023, measured the level of inequality in rice availability during 2018–2023, and examined the effect ofrice distribution inequality on food insecurity on the island of Sumatra. This study used secondary data from official publications of the Central Statistics Agency and the Ministry of Agriculture, relevant literature, and previous research results, including spatial analysis, the Williamson Index, and panel data regression using the Random Effects model. The results showed that the spatial distribution of rice availability is very uneven, with 62.34 percent of the region experiencing rice deficits. The Williamson Index was consistently above 0.5, indicating a high level of inequality in rice distribution between regions. The regression results showed that distribution inequality had a very significant effect on the Food Security Index (p-value: 0.0019). Furthermore, per capita expenditure and poverty levels, which were dominant factors, also affected food security. These findings indicated that food security in Sumatra was more influenced by economic access (demand-side) than by the physical availability of rice (supply-side). Therefore, this study recommended that policy focus be directed toward improving economic access through poverty alleviation, social assistance, and price stabilization in order to achieve inclusive food security.
Faktor Ekonomi Kunci yang Memengaruhi Dinamika Kemiskinandi Kawasan Perbatasan Indonesia-Timor Leste (Key Economic Factors Influencing Poverty Dynamics in theIndonesia-Timor Leste Border Region) Nalle, Frederic
JURNAL PANGAN Vol. 34 No. 3 (2025): PANGAN
Publisher : Perum BULOG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33964/jp.v34i3.956

Abstract

        Kemiskinan dan kerentanan pangan masih menjadi tantangan pembangunan utama di kawasan perbatasan, khususnya di wilayah dengan keterbatasan infrastruktur, dominasi pekerjaan informal, dan sistem pertanian lahan kering yang rentan terhadap perubahan iklim. Dalam konteks tersebut, penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh pendapatan per kapita, tingkat pengangguran, dan produksi padi terhadap dinamika kemiskinan di empat kabupaten perbatasan Indonesia–Timor Leste (Kupang, Timor Tengah Utara, Belu, dan Malaka) selama periode 2015–2024. Dengan menggunakan regresi panel Fixed Effect Model (FEM), hasil penelitianmenunjukkan bahwa pendapatan per kapita berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap kemiskinan, meskipun pengaruhnya relatif kecil, sementara pengangguran dan produksi padi tidak signifikan. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan adanya keterputusan pertumbuhan–kemiskinan (growth-poverty disconnect) di kawasan perbatasan, di mana peningkatan pendapatan belum sepenuhnya diikuti oleh penurunan kemiskinan akibat dominasi pekerjaan informal berproduktivitas rendah dan keterbatasan sistem pertanian lahan kering. Implikasi kebijakan menegaskan perlunya pendekatan pembangunan berbasis karakteristik wilayah (territorial differentiation) melalui pemerataan distribusi pendapatan, penciptaan lapangan kerja layak (decent work), serta penguatan ketahanan pangan berbasis diversifikasi pangan lokal, adopsi teknologi adaptif iklim, dan penguatan kelembagaan pasar. Dengan demikian, pembangunan kawasan perbatasan diharapkan tidak hanya mendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi, tetapi juga menurunkan kemiskinan dan memperkuat ketahananpangan secara lebih inklusif dan berkelanjutan.           Poverty and food vulnerability remain significant development challenges in border regions, particularly in areas characterized by limited infrastructure, the dominance of informal employment, and dryland agricultural systems that are highly vulnerable to climate variability. In this context, this study examined the effects of per capita income, the open unemployment rate, and rice production on poverty dynamics across four Indonesian Timor–Leste border districts (Kupang, North Central Timor, Belu, and Malaka) over the period 2015–2024. Using a panel regression with a Fixed Effect Model (FEM), the results indicated that per capita income had a statistically significant, adverse effect on poverty. However, the magnitude of this effect was relatively small, whereas unemployment and rice production were not statistically significant. The findings revealed a growth–poverty disconnect in border regions, where income growth had not been fully translated into poverty reduction due to the prevalence of low-productivity informal employment and structural constraints in dryland agricultural systems. Policy implications underscore the importance of a territorially differentiated development approach, emphasizing a more equitable distribution of income gains, the expansion of decent work, and the strengthening of food security through local food diversification, the adoption of climate-adaptive technologies, and the reinforcement of market institutions. Accordingly, development strategies in border regions are expected not only to stimulate economic growth but also to reduce poverty and enhance food security in more inclusive and sustainable ways.

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