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INDONESIA
Jurnal Ilmu Kefarmasian Indonesia
Published by Universitas Pancasila
ISSN : 16931831     EISSN : 26146495     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Jurnal Ilmu Kefarmasian Indonesia (JIFI) mainly focuses on a current topic in Pharmaceutical Sciences are also considered for publication by the Journal. Discussions on a topic in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, and Social Behaviour Administration. Detailed scopes of articles accepted for submission to JIFI are: 1. Pharmaceutical Biology 2. Pharmaceutical Chemistry. 3. Pharmaceutical Technology. 4. Biomedical and Clinical Pharmacy. 5. Social Pharmacy and Administration.
Arjuna Subject : Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics - Ilmu Farmasi
Articles 759 Documents
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The study of delivery medicine using ends device: a bromhexine case study Cipto Kokadir; Ervina Kalinda; Kamarza Mulia
JURNAL ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA Vol. 24 No. 2 (2026): JIFI In Press
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Pancasila

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35814/jifi.v24i2.2148

Abstract

Electronic Nicotine Delivery System (ENDS) has been used over the last decade to substitute conventional cigarettes. Active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) delivery using these devices has been reported in the literature, mainly for bronchodilators and nicotine; however, mucolytic agents have not previously been evaluated through this route, and many puffs were required to achieve the therapeutic dose in existing formulations. This study aimed to deliver and measure bromhexine hydrochloride (BRM) as API via inhalation using an e-liquid formulation. The e-liquid was obtained by trapping the aerosol and measuring the concentration using high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) modes. Our study demonstrated that five puffs accumulated 3.3156 ng/mL of BRM, and the efficiency of the ENDS device was calculated to be 99.8%. In addition, computational simulations were performed, resulting in a binding affinity of BRM of -7.3 kcal.mol-1 compared to salbutamol with -8.1 kcal.mol-1. Nevertheless, BRM has a hydrogen bond between the amine group and Ser204, Pi-Alkyl bonds with Ala200 and Val114, also alkyl interactions with Phe289 and Phe290. However, the BRM interaction with the protein does not form a stable complex in the dynamics simulation, but it may act as an allosteric modulator or partial agonist. The results of this study corroborate previous results that ENDS technology may have wide innovations for inhalation medicines.
Antibacterial activity of an active endophytic Alternaria sp. CATD-09 fraction In vitro and in silico evaluation Agung Dewantoro; Shirly Kumala; Andria Agusta; Partomuan Simanjuntak
JURNAL ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA Vol. 24 No. 2 (2026): JIFI In Press
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Pancasila

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35814/jifi.v24i2.2163

Abstract

Endophytic fungi have emerged as promising sources of bioactive secondary metabolites for pharmaceutical discovery due to their ability to produce metabolites similar to those of their host plants. This study investigated the antibacterial potential of strain CATD-09, an endophytic fungus isolated from Cnidoscolus aconitifolius (Mill.) I.M. Johnst., through antibacterial evaluation, chemical characterization, and molecular docking analysis. The antibacterial activity of fungal fractions was assessed against Escherichia coli ATCC 8739 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 using the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) method. The most active fraction was subsequently characterized by Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS) to identify its major constituents. To predict the possible antibacterial mechanism, the identified compounds were subjected to molecular docking against penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a), a validated molecular target associated with β-lactam resistance. Fraction 1 exhibited moderate antibacterial activity against S. aureus ATCC 6538 with an MIC value of 128 μg/mL and stronger activity against E. coli ATCC 8739 with an MIC value of 64 μg/mL. GC–MS analysis identified 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z)- as the predominant constituent, accounting for 44.47% of the total composition. Molecular docking demonstrated that this compound exhibited a stronger predicted binding affinity toward PBP2a than the reference ligand, indicating its potential to inhibit bacterial cell wall biosynthesis. Overall, these findings suggest that Alternaria sp. CATD-09 is a promising source of antibacterial metabolites and provide a scientific basis for further investigation of its bioactive compounds as potential lead candidates for antibacterial drug discovery.
The transformation of titrimetric methods in pharmaceutical, herbal and food analysis: a literature review (2013–2026s) Faridah Faridah; Diva Dwi Putri Permatasari; Andri Prasetiyo; Intan Permata Sari
JURNAL ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA Vol. 24 No. 2 (2026): JIFI In Press
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Pancasila

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35814/jifi.v24i2.2183

Abstract

The development of analytical methods in the fields of pharmaceuticals, plant/herbal ingredients, and food shows a significant transformation from classical titrimetry toward more selective and efficient instrumental and digital techniques This study aims to evaluate method transformation, comparative validity, and the application of green analytical chemistry (GAC) principles in pharmaceutical, herbal, and food analysis based on a literature review. A non-systematic narrative literature review was conducted on 28 Scopus-indexed journal articles covering titrimetry, UV-Vis spectrophotometry, chromatography (HPLC and RP-HPLC), Karl Fischer, atomic spectrometry, as well as μPAD-based innovations, conductometry, and digital analysis. The synthesis showed that classical methods remain relevant because of their simplicity, low cost, and accessibility, but their selectivity may be limited in complex matrices. Instrumental methods generally provide improved precision, accuracy, and selectivity, particularly for multicomponent samples, whereas miniaturization and digitization enhance analytical efficiency and reduce resource requirements. However, explicit integration of GAC principles remained limited, with only 7 of the 28 reviewed studies demonstrating identifiable green analytical strategies. These findings indicate that analytical modernization does not necessarily result in greener methods. Overall, analytical method development is increasingly integrative, combining classical and instrumental approaches according to analytical requirements, matrix complexity, and sustainability considerations. This review therefore provides a structured evaluative framework for selecting and transforming analytical methods across pharmaceutical, herbal, and food matrices.
Investigation of the antiviral activity of Carica papaya L. leaf extract against dengue virus serotype 2 (DENV-2) in Vero cells Maulidia Fitri Rusfandi; Teguh Hari Sucipto; Ratih Dewi Saputri; Hariyono Hariyono
JURNAL ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA Vol. 24 No. 2 (2026): JIFI In Press
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Pancasila

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35814/jifi.v24i2.2144

Abstract

Indonesia carries one of the highest dengue burdens in ASEAN, where treatment remains largely supportive rather than antiviral, motivating the search for antiviral candidates from natural sources such as papaya. Papaya leaves contain secondary metabolites reported to have antiviral properties. This study evaluated the in vitro antiviral activity of 96% ethanol leaf extract against dengue virus serotype 2 in Vero cells using a post-infection method, and determined its cytotoxic safety in the same cell line. Phytochemical screening detected alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, triterpenoids, and tannins. Across four concentrations (125-1000 μg/mL, n = 3 each concentrations) regression gave a fifty percent cytotoxic concentration of 1712.74 μg/mL however, viability did not decline in a dose-dependent manner (R2 = 0.08), so this value is a rough extrapolation rather than a reliable toxicity threshold. Antiviral testing across three concentrations (25-100 μg/mL, n = 3 each concentrations) did not reach fifty percent inhibition of the cytopathic effect within the tested range, the effective concentration was therefore reported as greater than 100 μg/mL, giving a selectivity index below 9.08. These findings indicate limited antiviral activity against dengue virus serotype 2 under the tested conditions and support further work using wider concentration ranges and fractionation of its bioactive constituents.
In vitro antibacterial activity of ethanolic Eugenia uniflora leaf extract and molecular docking study of myricetin as potential antibacterial compound Putu Ririn Andreani; Ni Kadek Mila Seni Puspita Dewi; Ni Luh Putu Kris Monika Yanti; Syamsun Jaya
JURNAL ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA Vol. 24 No. 2 (2026): JIFI In Press
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Pancasila

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35814/jifi.v24i2.2162

Abstract

Bacillus cereus is an opportunistic foodborne pathogen that frequently contaminates food products and causes diarrheal or emetic food poisoning, making it a continuing concern for food safety. The present study evaluated the antibacterial activity of a 70% ethanolic leaf extract of Eugenia uniflora against B. cereus while exploring its possible mechanism of action through molecular docking. Leaf extraction was carried out by maceration with 70% ethanol, followed by phytochemical screening to determine the major secondary metabolites. Antibacterial activity was assessed using the disk diffusion method with extract concentrations of 30%, 40%, and 50%. Phytochemical analysis identified flavonoids, tannins, saponins, steroids, and triterpenoids in the extract. Growth inhibition of B. cereus was observed at all tested concentrations, with inhibition zones ranging from 6.96±0.45 mm to 7.70±0.23 mm, while azithromycin 1% as the positive control showed a higher inhibition zone of 13.70±0.31 mm. Docking analysis further demonstrated that myricetin exhibited favorable binding toward phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC) from B. cereus (PDB ID: 1GYM), with a predicted binding affinity of −7.8 kcal/mol, suggesting a potential molecular basis for the observed antibacterial activity. Overall, these findings highlight the promise of E. uniflora leaves as a natural source of antibacterial compounds against B. cereus, although additional experimental studies are required to validate the proposed mechanism and confirm the activity of individual phytochemicals through in vitro and in vivo investigations.
Knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding thyroid disorders among pregnant women: study at a primary care clinic in Surabaya Lisa Aditama; Siti K. Fadilah; Puri Safitri Hanum
JURNAL ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA Vol. 24 No. 2 (2026): JIFI In Press
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Pancasila

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35814/jifi.v24i2.2113

Abstract

Thyroid disorders during pregnancy are significant endocrine issues that pose risks of maternal and fetal complications, such as preeclampsia and impaired fetal neurological development. Early detection is heavily influenced by the knowledge and health behaviour of pregnant women. This study aims to evaluate the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) regarding thyroid disorders among pregnant women at a primary care clinic in Surabaya. An analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted on 122 pregnant women selected through consecutive sampling. Data were collected using a validated structured questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics and Spearman’s correlation test. The majority of participants were within the healthy reproductive age range (20–35 years) with high school level. Findings indicated that most participants possessed adequate knowledge, positive attitudes, and good practices. Inferential analysis revealed a significant correlation between knowledge and attitude (p = 0.021) and between knowledge and practice (p<0.001), but no correlation between attitude and practice (p = 0.424). This study indicates that enhancing pregnant women's understanding of thyroid disorder risks directly contributes to the formation of proactive attitudes, which ultimately encourages better early detection and prevention of pregnancy complications.
In silico exploration of Qur’anic-based natural products as potential anticancer BRAF inhibitors via structure-based virtual screening Evita Sari; Gerry Nugraha; Deden Mula Saputra
JURNAL ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA Vol. 24 No. 2 (2026): JIFI In Press
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Pancasila

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35814/jifi.v24i2.2138

Abstract

The BRAF V600E mutation, namely the substitution of valine (non-polar/hydrophobic) with Glutamic Acid (polar/negative) at position 600, mimics biological phosphorylation and stabilizes the kinase in a permanently active conformation (constitutive activation) promoting uncontrolled melanoma cell proliferation. First-generation synthetic inhibitors, such as vemurafenib and dabrafenib, face challenges of clinical resistance owing to protein dimerization. This study aimed to identify novel BRAF V600E inhibitors through an in silico evaluation of the binding affinity and ADMET safety profile of bioactive compounds from 32 Qurʼanic natural product plants, utilizing a structure-based virtual screening of 2,308 compounds (2,301 valid compounds after structural filtration). The target (PDB: 3OG7, empirical crystallography resolution 2.45 Å; R-free: 0.258; R-work: 0.212) was used as the receptor. Molecular docking was performed using AutoDock 4.2 with the Lamarckian Genetic Algorithm (LGA). Validation was carried out through 100 redocking replications with a median RMSD value of 0.377 Å (range 0.31–0.43 Å), well below the validity threshold of 2.0 Å. A total of 1,310 compounds (56.9%) meet the SBVS criteria based on interactions at the Cys532 and Asp594 hotspot residues. The three best candidates from ginger (Zingiber officinale): (1) Diarylheptanoid Ketone Derivative (-11.37 kcal/mol), (2) Glycosylated Gingerol Derivative (-10.58 kcal/mol), and (3) Hexahydrocurcumin Analog (-10.57 kcal/mol), show the highest binding affinity and met Lipinski’s Ro5. Ginger derivatives represent promising lead compounds targeting type IIB kinases, with binding energies reaching -11 kcal/mol. However, prior to clinical trials, molecular optimization is recommended to mitigate the risk of cardiotoxicity (hERG, probability 0.635 in compound 3) and hepatotoxicity (DILI, probability 0.364 in compound 2).
Bioactive compounds of Plukenetia volubilis L. as c-Met tyrosine kinase inhibitors for gastric anticancer: in silico study Silma Lutfi Farwah; Saeful Amin; Ade Yeni Aprillia
JURNAL ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA Vol. 24 No. 2 (2026): JIFI In Press
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Pancasila

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35814/jifi.v24i2.2152

Abstract

Gastric cancer remains one of the most aggressive malignancies worldwide due to its high incidence and mortality rates. Although tyrosine kinase inhibitors have demonstrated therapeutic efficacy, their use is often associated with adverse effects, highlighting the need for safer anticancer agents. Plukenetia volubilis L. is known to be rich in bioactive compounds, particularly fatty acids and phenolic compounds with natural antioxidant activity. Accordingly, this study aimed to evaluate the potential of Plukenetia volubilis L. compounds as gastric anticancer candidates through inhibition of the c-Met tyrosine kinase receptor (PDB ID: 3DKC) using an integrated in silico approach. To this end, screening drug-likeness using swissADME, molecular docking using the PyRx algorithm, molecular dynamics simulation using AMBER 22, and ADMET prediction were performed using pkCSM. Among the 28 identified compounds, ten met the drug-likeness criteria for oral drug candidates. Redocking validation using adenosine-5′-triphosphate produced a root mean square deviation value of 1.31 Å, indicating a reliable docking method. Molecular docking results show that apigenin, pinoresinol, mycophenolic acid, and oleuropein aglycone exhibit the strongest binding affinities toward c-Met tyrosine kinase, with binding free energies of −7.77, −7.57, −7.24, and −6.90 (kcal/mol), respectively. Further analysis demonstrates that apigenin forms the most stable ligand–receptor complex during molecular dynamics simulation and possesses favorable pharmacokinetic properties with no predicted hepatotoxicity based on absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity analysis. In conclusion, apigenin emerges as the most promising gastric anticancer candidate from Plukenetia volubilis L. through c-Met tyrosine kinase inhibition and warrants further experimental validation.
Pengaruh Terapi Kombinasi ACE - Inhibitor dan Diuretik terhadap Fungsi Ginjal dan Kualitas Hidup Pasien Hipertensi dengan Gagal Jantung Di Rumah Sakit Jantung Kota Tasikmalaya Anis Riyanti; Dichy Nuryadin Zain; Anisa Pebiansyah
JURNAL ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA Vol. 24 No. 2 (2026): JIFI In Press
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Pancasila

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35814/jifi.v24i2.2187

Abstract

Hypertension is a major contributor to heart failure and requires effective treatment to prevent clinical deterioration. Combination therapy with an ACE inhibitor and a diuretic is commonly used to control blood pressure and reduce congestive symptoms; however, renal function and quality of life need to be monitored. This study aimed to evaluate changes in renal function, describe quality of life, and analyze the relationship between renal function changes and quality of life in hypertensive patients with heart failure receiving ACE inhibitor and diuretic combination therapy. This observational study used retrospective and cross-sectional approaches. A total of 65 outpatients at Tasikmalaya City Heart Hospital from January to March 2026 were selected using total sampling. Renal function data, including urea, creatinine, and eGFR, were obtained from medical records, while quality of life was assessed using the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ). The Wilcoxon test showed significant changes in renal function after therapy, indicated by increased creatinine and urea levels and decreased eGFR, with p<0.05. Most patients had moderate quality of life, accounting for 60 patients (92%). Correlation analysis showed no significant relationship between changes in creatinine, urea, or eGFR and quality of life. This study indicates that ACE inhibitor and diuretic combination therapy is associated with renal function changes, but these changes are not significantly related to patients’ quality of life.

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