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Al-Maslahah

Almaslahah
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Published by Institut Agama Islam Negeri Pontianak

ISSN : 19070233 EISSN : 25028367 DOI : -

Core Subject : Religion, Economy,

Religion Economics, Econometrics & Finance

Al-Maslahah (ISSN: 1907-0233, E.ISSN: 2502-8367) is a scientific journal in the fields of syari’ah that published by Syari’ah and Islamic Economic Faculty. Pontianak State Institute of Islamic Studies. This journal contains the masterpiece of professional writers and researchers. The vission of the journal is to be qualified Syari'ah journal either locally or internationally level. Meanwhile, the mission of Al-Maslahah is disseminating professional ideas of Syari'ah study to lectures, researcher, and those who have concern of this field. This journal warmly welcomes contribution from scholars and experts of related disciplines. Al-Maslahah is published biannually i.e. April and October.

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Articles 132 Documents

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KONSEP PENGELOLAAN KOPERASI PESANTREN UNTUK KESEJAHTERAAN EKONOMI MASYARAKAT: TELAAH SURAH AL-HASYR AYAT 7 Ahmad Lutfi Fikri
Al-Maslahah : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Vol 14, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah (Syari'ah Faculty )

Abstrak Al-Quran dengan ayat-ayatnya menjadi landasan ekonomi yang telah memberikan prinsip-prinsip kehidupan dalam menjalin hubungan antara manusia dengan sesamanya. Di dalamnya berisi aturan dan sekaligus tuntutan agar pengikut-pengikutnya berbuat hal-hal yang baik dan menjauhi tindakan yang dianggap pengerusakan dan kedzaliman. Oleh karenanya Al-Quran yang menjadi landasan dari keseluruhan ajaran Islam tidak sekedar berisi tentang kumpulan peraturan dan larangan, tetapi memberikan jaminan untuk terwujudnya kesejahteraan ekonomi masyarakat. Pada artikel ini, penulis bermaksud mengungkap kejelasan konsep pengelolaan koperasi pesantren untuk kesejahteraan ekonomi masyarakat dalam perpektif surat al-Hasyr ayat 7. Al-Quran memandang bahwa kesejahteraan ekonomi bukan semata-mata hanya permasalahan distribusi ekonomi secara materi semata-mata tetapi juga menyangkut unsur non materi dan bidang-bidang yang lainnya. Oleh karena itu, untuk mencapai pertumbuhan dan perkembangan secara material dan spiritual tersebut, Ekonomi Islam mempunyai karakteristik dalam pertumbuhannya, yaitu serba meliputi, berimbang, realistis, berkeadilan, tanggungjawab, mencukupi dan berfokus pada manusia sesuai dengan haknya sebagai khalifah di muka bumi. Karakteristik tersebut menunjukkan bahwa tujuan pertumbuhan dan pembangunan ekonomi dalam Islam adalah adanya kesempatan semua anggota masyarakat apapun ras, agama dan karakternya – untuk mendapatkan kesejahteraan, sehingga semua orang dapat merasakan nikmat dan karunia Allah Swt. Al-Quran menuntut para pengikutnya untuk menjalankan keseluruhan ajaran Islam dalam semua aspek kehidupannya. Konsekuensi dari konsep ini adalah kesejahteraan ekonomi harus dipandang sebagai perwujudan perintah Tuhan kepada hamba-hambanya. Sehingga kesejahteraan ekonomi merupakan upaya terus menerus dari umat manusia untuk berbuat sebaik-baiknya, baik kepada Tuhan maupun kepada sesama manusia berdasarkan petunjuk Al-Quran. Abstract Al-Qur'an with its verses becomes the economic foundation that has given the principles of life in relationships between man and his fellowmen. It contains rules and guidance for his loyalists to do good things and stay away from actions that are considered vandalism and tyranny. Therefore, Al-Qur’an which is foundation of the whole teachings of Islam is not just about the collection of rules and prohibitions, but provides assurance for the realization of economic prosperity of the community. In this article, the writer intends to reveal the clarity of the concept of pesantren cooperative management for the economic welfare of community in the perspective of sura al-Hashr verse 7. Al-Quran believes that economic welfare is not only the problem of economic distribution materially but also concerning non material and other fields. Therefore, to achieve growth and development materially and spiritually, Islamic Economics has characteristics in its growth, which is all-round, balanced, realistic, fair, responsible, sufficient and focusing on human beings in accordance with their right as khalifah on earth. These characteristics indicate that the goal of growth and economic development in Islam is the opportunity of all members of any community of race, religion and character to gain prosperity, so that everyone can experience the blessings and grace of Allah. Al-Qur'an demands all of its loyalists to carry out the whole teaching of Islam in all aspects of their life. The consequence of this concept is that economic welfare should be viewed as the embodiment of God's command to his servants. So that economic welfare is a continuous effort of mankind to do the best, both to God and fellow human beings based on the guidance of Al-Quran.

PERTARUNGAN HUKUM SHARI’AH DAN KAPITALISME DALAM SISTEM PERBANKAN KONTEMPORER DI INDONESIA Muhammad Hasan
Al-Maslahah : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Vol 12, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah (Syari'ah Faculty )

Islamic banking is a bank that operates based on economic principles that set in Islamic law. The capitalist system with its interest concept is an economic system that has some variants contrary to Islamic law. Although, the concept of interest a debate among Muslim scholars and scientists, but the presence of Shari’ah banking has proven economic expert support Muslims with the prohibition of interest system. Philosophically and axiology profit and loss sharing, sale and purchase, and the system of interest has its implications. Rate system is a system that is contrary to shari'ah banking operating system, but often the existing product ownership in the shari'ah as the product mura>bah}ah is identical to the system of interest. Similarly, other products are still difficult to distinguish from conventional systems / capitalist in its operations. On the plains, epistemology, banking products shari'ah should be improved so that it becomes a pure economic system is based on Islamic law, not the capitalist system of legalized with the philosophy of Islamic law. In other words, there needs to be alignment between the philosophical and epistemological aspects in the development of banking products shari'ah. Keywords: Profit sharing, murãbahah, islamic law, riba’, bank, interets.

REFLEKSI KESESUAIAN TEKS DAN KONTEKS: KAJIAN NAFAQAH DALAM KITAB KLASIK “FATHUL MU’IN” Nurul Rahmawati
Al-Maslahah : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Vol 11, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah (Syari'ah Faculty )

In this modern era, Muslims have to face various problems that need to be overcome immediately. One of crucial problems is the emergence of difference perceptions of measurement and kinds of nafaqah: materially and emotionally which are obligations of a husband to fulfil. Other problem is pertaining to when wife deserves to receivenafaqah from her husband. If wife earnsnafaqah for her family because she loves her husband and wants to help him, does wife still deserve the right ofnafaqah?And if husband is not able to earn nafaqah for his family, does wife require her husband’s allowance to leave the house and earn money for daily necessities?. Based on the problems above, the writer tries to analyse nafaqah concept in a classical book:FathulMu’in by Syikh Al-Islam Al-Malibary and its implementation to present life. The concept of nafaqahaccording to FathulMu’in is still relevant to modern life. The implementation of nafaqahconcept according to FathulMu’inis aimed at benefiting both husband and wife. And its implementation should be based on contemporary syari’ah consideration.

KURSUS PRA-NIKAH: KONSEP DAN IMPLEMENTASINYA (STUDI KOMPERATIF ANTARA BP4 KUA KEC. PONTIANAK TIMUR DENGAN GKKB JEMAAT PONTIANAK) Muhammad Lutfi Hakim
Al-Maslahah : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Vol 13, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah (Syari'ah Faculty )

AbstractMarriage is a holly and sacred bond. Hence, before getting married, spouses should make good preparations and considerations by having pre-wedding counseling in order that the marriage will be harmonious and long lasting without divorce ending. This is based on a field research on pre-wedding counseling known as suscatin held by KUA, Kec. Pontianak Timur, and that by GKKB Jemaat Pontianak. Both pre-marriage counseling programs are differently applied but they have common purposes: providing marital guidance, description, and preparation in order that spouses can maintain their harmonious marriage: sakinah, mawadah, and rahmah.Keywords: Pre-wedding Counseling, KUA Kec. Pontianak Timur, GKKB Jemaat Pontianak. Abstrak Pernikahan adalah sebuah ikatan yang suci dan sakral. Sebelum mengikat sebuah ikatan yang suci tersebut, para calon suami-isteri harus mempersiapkan sematang-matangnya. Banyak sekali pasangan suami-isteri menikah, akan tetapi kehidupan keluarganya tidak berlangsung dengan harmonis, bahkan terjadi perceraian. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan bimbingan, arahan, dan konseling sebelum melakukan sebuah pernikahan tersebut. Tujuannya adalah supaya para calon pasangan suami-isteri tersebut sudah siap untuk membina sebuah keluarga yang sakinah. Tulisan ini merupakan hasil dari penelitian lapangan (field research) dengan menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif-analitik. Kursus pra-nikah di KUA Kec. Pontianak Timur dikenal dengan istilah Suscatin, sedangkan di GKKB Jemaat Pontianak dikenal dengan istilah konseling pra-nikah. Pelaksanaan kursus pra-nikah diantara keduanya memiliki perbedaan dan persamaan masing-masing. Perbedaannya lebih kepada hal yang teknis, sedangkan persamaanya terletak dari tujuan diadakannya kursus pra-nikah tersebut, yaitu memberi arahan, gambaran persiapan, bimbingan, dan konseling kepada calon pasangan suami-isteri untuk dapat membina rumah tangga yang sakinah, mawaddah, dan rahmah.Kata Kunci: Kursus, Pra-Nikah, KUA Kec. Pontianak Timur, GKKB Jemaat Pontianak

PEMBAHARUAN KONSEP MAQĀSID AL-SHARĪ’AH DALAM PEMIKIRAN MUHAMAMAD ṬAHIR IBN ‘ASHUR Chamim Tohari
Al-Maslahah : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Vol 13, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah (Syari'ah Faculty )

Abstract This research discuss about the thought of maqāsid al-sharī’ahby Muhammad Ṭahir Ibn ‘Ashur. To limit this discussion, i just focus to discuss two important matters, it is; First, how is concept of maqāsid al-sharī’ahin the thought of Ibn ‘Ashur? Second, how is construct of thought of the maqāsid al-sharī’ahIbn Ashur? This is a library research with content analysis as its method. The sources of this research is Ibn ‘Ashur’s thoughts in his books. The results of this research is; First, before Ibn ‘Ashur’s period, the thoughts of maqāsid al-sharī’ahhas been finding its formation in the several familier categories which mentioned by al-uṣūl al-khamsah (five of the based principles). Every principle have three level, it isdarūriyāt, al-hajjiyāt, and taḥsināt/al-tazyināt. Second, in the Ibn Ashur’s period, the thoughts of maqāsid al-sharī’ahhas renewed by Ibn ‘Ashur in the new formation as purity (al-fitrah), tolerance (al-samahah), benefit (al-maslahah), equality (al-musāwah), and freedom (al-hurriyah) as parts of the maqāsid al-sharī’ah. From the scope aspect, the validity of the Ibn ‘Ashur’s thought about maqāsid al-sharī’ahappearly have more universal character than thought of maqāsid al-sharī’ahbefore. However, the weekness of the Ibn ‘Ashur’s thought is that maqāsid al-sharī’ahthought by Ibn ‘Ashur have not clarity and explanation about the level of priority and it’s method to applicated in the Islamic Law. Abstrak Penelitian ini mengkaji tentang pemikiran maqāsid al-sharī’ahMuhammad Ṭāhir Ibn ‘Ashūr. Untuk membatasi kajian ini, penulis memfokuskan hanya pada dua masalah pokok, yakni; Pertama, bagaimana konsep maqāsid al-sharī’ahsebelum datangnya Ibn ‘Ashur? Kedua, bagaimana konstruksi pemikiran maqāsid al-sharī’ahyang digagas Ibn ‘Ashur? Penelitian ini adalah penelitian pustaka dengan konten analisis sebagai metode analisisnya. Sumber kajian ini adalah pemikiran maqāshidIbn ‘Ashur yang termuat dalam karyanya. Hasil penelitian iniadalah: Pertama, sebelum masa Ibn ‘Ashur, pemikiran maqāsid al-sharī’ahtelah menemukan bentuknya dalam beberapa kategori yang terkenal dengan istilah al-uṣūl al-khamsah, dimana masing-masing dariprinsip dasar tersebut memiliki tingkatan darūriyāt, al-hajjiyāt, dan taḥsīnāt/al-tazyīnāt. Kedua, pada masa Ibn ‘Ashur, pemikiran maqāsid al-sharī’ahmengalami pembaharuan hingga menghasilkan fitrah (al-fitrah), toleransi (al-samahah), maslahat (al-maslahah), kesetaraan (al-musawah), serta kebebasan (al-hurriyah) sebagai bagian darimaqāsid al-sharī’ah. Dari sisi cakupannya, keberlakuan maqāsid al-sharī’ahdalam pemikiran Ibn ‘Ashurtampak lebih universal dibanding dengan pemikiran maqāsid al-sharī’ahsebelumnya. Namun demikian, pemikiran Ibn ‘Ashur memiliki kelemahan darisisi ketidakjelasan tingkatan prioritasnya serta aplikasi metode penerapannya dalam hukum Islam.

PEMIKIRAN & KONTRIBUSI MUHAMMAD AL-BAQIR ( 56-114 H ) DALAM TATANAN EKONONOMI ISLAM Fathan Mun'im
Al-Maslahah : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Vol 11, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah (Syari'ah Faculty )

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24260/almaslahah.v11i1.130

One of unforgettable tabi’in scholar who made contribution in designing logo and small change of Islamic money was Imam Muhammad al-Baqir bin Ali Zainal Abidin bin Hussein. This writing is aimed at showing his merits and contributions that were written in Islamic history. It also describes brief biography of Imam Muhammad al-Baqir and exposes scholars’ opinion toward his thought in the Muawiyah dynasty age. He reformed economy and urged people to apply Islamic economy principles. He always reminded Muslims to be careful in trading their money because it is only means of worship.

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI MINAT MASYARAKAT KECAMATAN PONTIANAK KOTA TERHADAP PENGGUNAAN KARTU DEBIT SEBAGAI INSTRUMEN PEMBAYARAN NON TUNAI Muhammad Syaifullah; Listya Listya
Al-Maslahah : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Vol 14, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah (Syari'ah Faculty )

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh masing kurangnya pengetahuan masyarakat Kecamatan Pontianak Kota dalam menggunakan instrumen pembayaran non tunai khususnya kartu debit, padahal dapat dikatakan bahwa Kecamatan Pontianak Kota merupakan salah satu pusat perekonomian dimana terdapat beberapa pasar tradiaional dan pasar modern. Pengetahuan serta sosialisasi yang kurang juga menjadi salah satu alasan mengapa masyarakat belum menggunakan instrumen pembayaran non tunai. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah: (1) Untuk mengetahui apakah faktor eksternal memiliki pengaruh terhadap minat masyarakat terhadap penggunaan kartu debet sebagai instrumen pembayaran non tunai. (2) Untuk mengetahui apakah faktor internal memiliki pengaruh terhadap minat masyarakat terhadap penggunaan kartu debet sebagai instrumen pembayaran non tunai. (3) Untuk mengetahui apakah faktor internal dan eksternal memiliki pengaruh secara simultan terhadap minat masyarakat terhadap penggunaan kartu debet sebagai instrumen pembayaran non tunai. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksplanasi. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh masyarakat wilayah Kecamatan Pontianak Kota dengan 100 orang responden sebagai sampelnya.Hasil uji koefisien determinasi (R2) menunjukkan bahwa nilai koefisien determinasi (R2) sebesar 0,625219. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa 62,5% minat masyarakat menggunakan kartu debit sebagai instrumen pembayaran non tunai dapat dijelaskan oleh faktor yang mempengaruhi minat, sedangkan sisanya 37,5% dijelaskan oleh variabel lainnya diluar variabel penelitian. Hasil uji validitas dan reliabilitas variabel faktor yang mempengaruhi minat sebagai variabel bebas maupun minat masyarakat sebagai variabel terikat menunjukkan bahwa kuesioner yang ditujukan kepada para responden telah memenuhi syarat kedua uji tersebut. Hasil uji normalitas variabel faktor eksternal dan faktor internal sebagai variabel bebas maupun minat masyarakat sebagai variabel terikat menunjukkan bahwa data residual terdistribusi dengan normal. Persamaan regresi berdasarkan data yang telah diolah adalah: . Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Hasil uji T menyatakan bahwa faktor eksternal secara parsial tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap minat masyarakat dalam menggunakan kartu debet, hal ini dapat dibuktikan dengan nilai p value sebesar 0,3968 lebih besar dari 0,05. (2) Hasil uji T menyatakan bahwa faktor internal secara parsial memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap minat masyarakat dalam menggunakan kartu debet, hal ini dapat dibuktikan dengan nilai p value sebesar 0,0000 lebih kecil dari 0,05. (3) Hasil uji F menyatakan bahwa variabel independen memiliki pengaruh terhadap variabel dependen. Hal ini dibuktikan dari nilai p value sebesar 0,000000 lebih kecil dari 0,05.

RELASI SOSIO-EKONOMI PETANI DENGAN PEMILIK LAHAN MELALUI KONSEP MUKHĀBARAH DAN MUZĀRA‘AH DI DESA ARANG LIMBUNG KECAMATAN SUNGAI RAYA KABUPATEN KUBU RAYA Rasiam Rasiam
Al-Maslahah : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Vol 12, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah (Syari'ah Faculty )

This writing addresses the practice of mukhabarah and muzara’ah in cultivating farms in Arang Limbung village, Sungai Raya district, Kubu Raya regency. Socioeconomic cooperation between farmhands and land lords constitute a mutual symbiosis; by cooperating they can handle the problems of cultivating farms. Landlords do not have sufficient time and skill to cultivate their farms while farmhands do not have land to plough. Consequently, they must collaborate through the concept of mukhabarah and muzaraah in which the profit sharing is according to the common agreement. This socioeconomic cooperation is based on trust and fair profit sharing that include: first, the basis of this cooperation is to help each other instead of doing business; and second, the profit sharing is according to farms production. Thus, this collaboration is not only based on profit objectives but social consideration as well. Keywords: Mukhābarah, muzāra‘ah, socio economic cooperation.

The Republic of Turkey, From An Islamic Caliphate To A Nation State Abu Bakar
Al-Maslahah : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Vol 14, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah (Syari'ah Faculty )

Ottoman Caliphate in Istanbul was the last empire based on Islamic caliphate system. It ruled some regions in Asia, Africa and Europe. Islam as a supra identify was able to unite nations under the flag of Islamic caliphate. The decline of Ottoman caliphate was inevitable as the effect of social development and international political dynamics that led to the caliphate’s engagement in World War I. Islamic caliphate was considered fail to save the empire that led to immerging idea of nationalism in order to recover ottoman people who lost the battle. The nationalism of Turkey was ruled by military that latter turned into Nation State of The Republic of Turkey. Therefore, the idea of Islamic caliphate must be diminished and replaced by secularism. This led to the conflict between Islamists and nationalists, and eventually nation state of turkey managed to get rid of Islamic caliphate system.

AL-ṢAHĪFAH AL-MADANIYAH: Konstitusi Negara Masa Kepemimpinan Nabi Muhammad Saw Abu Bakar
Al-Maslahah : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Vol 12, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah (Syari'ah Faculty )

In Islamic History, the period of prophet Muhammad (PBUH) was the most ideal period of leadership even viewed from the thought of modern politics. It was a glorious period especially for Arabs in the seventh century. The presence of the prophet has changed Arabian jahiliah character into laudable morality based on Islamic teachings. In Madina, the prophet was well-welcomed as a leader. This was very different from the condition in Mecca in which many people hated him so much. In madina, he succeeded in establishingsocio-politics between Muslim and non-Muslim or between Arab and non-Arab. The basic element of the socio-politics was al-Ṣahīfah al-Madaniyah in which all persons of Madiana society were bounded according to common agreement. Ṣahīfah consisted of valuable principles: integration, brotherhood, equality, freedom, justice, legal security, defence, peace, and leadership. Based on constitutional theory, al-Ṣahīfah al-Madaniyah was a form of constitutional state. In other words, during the prophet’s period, Madina was a state with an ideal type of social system.

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