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Sospol : Jurnal Sosial Politik

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Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

ISSN : 20888090 EISSN : 25976648 DOI : -

Core Subject : Social,

Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

The Social and Political Research Center (PKSP), Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang proudly presents Journal Sospol (Sospol: Jurnal Sosial Politik). Journal Sospol cordially invites researchers, academicians, and experts to submit research on sociology, communications, international relations, governance, and social welfare sciences.

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Articles 282 Documents

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Strategi Kebijakan Peningkatan Daya Saing Rumput Laut Indonesia di Pasar Global Khaldun, Riady Ibnu
Sospol : Jurnal Sosial Politik Vol 3, No 1 (2017): Januari-Juni
Publisher : Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis strategi Pemerintah Indonesia dalam upaya meningkatkan daya saing produk rumput laut di pasar global. Jarak waktu yang digunakan dalam memberikan batasan waktu adalah 2009 hingga 2014. Pemerintah Indonesia menyadari besarnya potensi komoditas rumput laut sehingga perlu dimaksimalkan. Optimalisasi potensi tersebut dilakukan oleh pemerintah melalui skema kebijakan revitalisasi, industrialisasi, dan penerapan standarisasi rumput laut. Implementasi kebijakan yang diterapkan oleh pemerintah tersebut tidak dapat dioptimalisasikan karena timbulnya tantangan berupa perbedaan kepentingan dengan para pelaku usaha. Tantangan tersebut diantisipasi oleh pemerintah melalui strategi sinergitas kerjasama dengan aktor lain yang memiliki kepentingan berdasarkan Teori Developmental State, Konsep The Role of Government mendeskripsikan bahwa strategi yang diterapkan oleh Pemerintah Indonesia dalam upaya peningkatan daya saing produk rumput laut di pasar global dilakukan dengan mengeluarkan kebijakan yang memberikan kesempatan kepada peran aktor lainnya untuk berpartisipasi aktif dalam mengoptimalisasikan implementasi kebijakan.Kata Kunci: Daya Saing, Industrialisasi, Revitalisasi, Standarisasi, Strategi Kebijakan AbstractThis research aims to analyze the strategic policy of Indonesian Government towards increasing the competitiveness effort on seaweed products in global markets. The periods of this research started from 2009 to 2014 as the time intervals. Indonesian Government realized that seaweed commodities had great potentials that should be maximized. Revitalization, Industrialization, and Standardization are the policies that Indonesian Government established to optimize the seaweed potentials. The implementation of policies that applied by the government cannot be optimized because the existing of interest differentiation between government and private actor as a challenge. These challenges anticipated by the government through synergistic strategy with another actors who have an interest in seaweed commodities based on Theory Developmental State, The Role of Government concepts described the strategy that adopted by the Indonesian Government in an effort to increase the competitiveness of seaweed products in the global market is by issuing a policy that gives opportunity for the role of other actors to participate actively in optimizing the policy implementations.Keywords: Competitiveness, Industrialization, Revitalization, Standardization, Strategic Policy

Geopolitik Bantuan Luar Negeri Dari Perang Dingin sampai Globalisasi Prasetya, Dion Maulana
Sospol : Jurnal Sosial Politik Vol 2, No 1 (2016): Juli - Desember
Publisher : Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

AbstrakGeopolitik bantuan luar negeri menyiratkan adanya hubungan tak terpisahkan antara geopolitik dan bantuan luar negeri. Dengan kata lain, preferensi pemberian bantuan luar negeri sangat dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor geopolitik. Artikel ini berusaha memaparkan kaitan antara geopolitik dan bantuan luar negeri. Lebih khusus tulisan ini membahas preferensi bantuan luar negeri Amerika Serikat (AS) yang sangat dipengaruhi oleh faktor geopolitik. Tulisan ini terbagi menjadi tiga bagian. Bagian pertama membahas hubungan antara Marshall Plan dengan geopolitik. Bagian kedua dari tulisan ini membahas tentang konflik internal Yunani yang menjadi faktor penentu lahirnya Marshall Plan. Sedangkan bagian ketiga membahas mengenai upaya AS dalam memerangi terorisme melalui bantuan luar negeri. Dari hasil studi terlihat bahwa terjadi perubahan preferensi pemberian bantuan luar negeri berdasarkan faktor-faktor geopolitik.Kata kunci: bantuan luar negeri, geopolitik, Marshall Plan, terorisme AbstractGeopolitics of foreign aids shows a relation of geopolitic can not be separated with foreign aids. In other words, foreign aids preference will be influenced by geopolitics factors. This article tries to explain the correlation between geopolitics and foreign aids. To be more specific, this article talks about the United States foreign aids preference that is influenced by geopolitics factors. This article is divided into three parts. The first part discusses the correlation between Marshall Plan and geopolitics. The second part examines the Greek civil war that became the decisive factor of the Marshall Plan. Whereas the third part discusses about the US efforts on war against terrorism through foreign aids. The study shows that there is a change on the foreign aids preference that is influenced by geopolitics factors.Keywords: foreign aids, geopolitics, Marshall Plan, terrorism

Peran CELAC dalam Menangani Krisis Pangan di Haiti Minabari, Eka Safitri; Hamin, Farayani
Sospol : Jurnal Sosial Politik Vol 5, No 1 (2019): Januari-Juni
Publisher : Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

This research attempts to understand the role of the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States (CELAC) in carrying out the Zero Hunger program in Haiti. Compared to the other countries in Latin America and the Caribbean, Haiti is the country that has the highest poverty and malnutrition rates. This becomes the basis for CELAC to take roles in the problem. By using research methods and international concepts proposed by Clive Archer and Andre Pariera, this study produces two findings about CELAC in overcoming problems related to malnutrition in Haiti. First, CELAC plays a role as an arena an actor through the provision of the High-Level Conference and Ministerial Conference that discusses the problems in Haiti. Second, CELAC has a role as an initiator through the promotion of dialogue between countries to exchange experiences on national social programs.

Masa Depan Faksionalisme Politik Golkar Pasca Orde Baru Nurjaman, Asep
Sospol : Jurnal Sosial Politik Vol 4, No 2 (2018): Juli-Desember
Publisher : Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Since its inception, Golkar is a party that is carried by various functional groups with the aim of building political power to challenge the PKI. Since the reform era, Golkar has been abandoned by many of its support groups that have formed factionalism. The purpose of this study is to analyze the change of factionalism in the internal of Golkar in the post-New Order. The research method used is qualitative descriptive. The data used are secondary data derived from journals, books, and internet. The results show that: Golkar post-New Order experienced many changes in term of factionalism; factionalism that occurred during the New Order period stemmed from functional groups, while after the reforms became a factionalism based on personalism.

Peran Kepemimpinan Indonesia dalam Pengelolaan Sengketa Laut Cina Selatan Haffsari, Peggy Puspa; Kurniawan, Yandry
Sospol : Jurnal Sosial Politik Vol 4, No 1 (2018): Januari-Juni
Publisher : Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

AbstrakPenelitian ini akan membahas peran kepemimpinan Indonesia dalam upaya pengelolaan sengketa Laut Cina Selatan (LCS). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah memahami peran negara dalam kawasan dan pengaruhnya pada dinamika keamanan di tingkat regional secara komprehensif. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan model deduktif. Kerangka analisis menggunakan konsep kepemimpinan dalam pendekatan kekuatan regional dan kerangka keamanan (Regional Powers and Security Freamwork-RPSF). Terdapat lima komponen yang menjelaskan perilaku pemimpin regional antara lain keterlibatan dalam proses inisiasi (prosess-initiation), keterlibatan dalam pembingkaian isu (issue framing), pertimbangan kepentingan (interest consideration), membangun institusi (institutional development) dan penyebaran kekuatan (deployment of power). Hasil penelitian secara umum mendapatkan bahwa peran Indonesia dalam upaya pengelolaan sengketa LCS cukup aktif namun berdampak terbatas. Peran Indonesia dikatakan aktif terlihat dari telah banyak kerja sama dan diplomasi yang dilakukan Indonesia selama dua puluh enam tahun. Peran Indonesia berdampak terbatas karena ditemukan kendala pada tiap praktek peran kepemimpinan Indonesia dalam mendorong dan mendukung terciptanya solusi internal penyelesaian sengketa LCS dari pihak-pihak yang bersengketa.Kata Kunci: Kawasan, Keamanan, LCS, Peran, Sengketa AbstractThis research discusses the role of Indonesian leadership in the effort of managing the South China Sea (LCS) disputes. The purpose of this study is to understand the role of the state in the region and its influence on the dynamics of regional security. This study is a qualitative reseacrh with the deductive model. the analytical framework uses the concept of leadership in regional and security approaches (Regional Powers and Security Framework-RPSF). There are five components that explain the role of initiation, initiation proceedings, discussions in framing issues, considerations of interests, institutional development, and power dissemination. This research finds out that Indonesian role in LCS dispute is quite active but limited impact. The active role of the Indonesian leadership wants to create and maintain an environment that is fulfilled the absence of open conflict in the LCS. The role of Indonesia has limited impact because it finds obstacles in every practice of Indonesia's leadership role in encouraging and supporting the creation of internal dispute solution of LCS from the parties.Key words: Dispute, Regional, Role, Security, South China Sea

Kepentingan Pemerintah Pusat Dalam Pembangunan Infrastruktur Perbatasan Kalimantan Indonesia-Malaysia Era Presiden Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono Tahun 2009-2014 -, Saiman
Sospol : Jurnal Sosial Politik Vol 3, No 1 (2017): Januari-Juni
Publisher : Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

AbstrakKetertinggalan pembangunan di Kalimantan merupakan salah satu penyebab terjadinya permasalahan perbatasan Kalimantan Indonesia-Malaysia. Berdasarkan Undang-Undang tentang Wilayah Negara, negara bertanggung jawab dalam pembangunan perbatasan guna pencapaian masyarakat perbatasan yang sejahtera dan aman. Tulisan ini mengkaji kepentingan pemerintah pusat pada prioritas kebijakan dan kepentingan, peran dan power interplay antar lembaga serta nasionalisme. Berdasarkan metode kualitiatif dengan studi kasus, bahwa peran Pemerintah (BNPP) hanya sebagai lembaga koordinatif, terjadi ego sektoral antar lembaga. Kekuasaan pemerintah pusat sangat dominan, prioritas kebijakan dan kepentingan pemerintah meliputi faktor politik, keamanan dan strategis geografi, sehingga terjadi perubahan orientasi nasionalisme masyarakat perbatasan.Kata Kunci: kepentingan nasional, pemerintah pusat; pembangunan infrastruktur; perbatasan.AbstractUnderdevelopment in Borneo was one of cause Indonesia-Malaysia border problems. According State Territorial Policy, state was to responsibility in border development for receive border komunities which prosperous and secure. This paper to test central and local government relatios desentralisation era at policy priority and interests, role and power interplay of institutions, and nasionalism. According qualitative method and case studi, that government role as the coordinating institution, sectoral ego bithwin other institutions. Central government power very dominant and priority in policy and intersts central government, include politics factor, security and geografi strategic, so that happen orientation changes communities nationalism. Keywords: borderland, central government, infrastructure development, national interests.

Strategi Kebijakan Pemerintah Venezuela di Tengah Krisis Nuryanti, Nuryanti; Salsabila, Salsabila
Sospol : Jurnal Sosial Politik Vol 5, No 2 (2019): Juli-Desember (In Press)
Publisher : Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

In the era of president Nicolas Maduro, the Venezuela faced economic crisis. It affects to social and economic decline. The govenment is in the chellenge of public trust and political instablity. The Maduro performance perceived as less effective and repressive that lead to the society questioning about government capacity to solve the problems. Thus, the authors are interested in explaining the efforts of the Venezuelan government in dealing with the crisis. The author uses descriptive qualitative research methods and data collection techniques based on literature study. The data source comes from the literature published by scholars and experts on Venezuelan politics and the Latin American economic crisis. The author notes several actions of the Venezuelan government in dealing with the economic crisis including: (1) economic policies reform; (2) diplomacy of foreign aid to China; (3) food price stabilization: (4) strengthening public health services; and (5) strengthening regional cooperation with organizations in the Latin American region.

Konsep dan Desain Negara Kesejahteraan (Welfare State) Sukmana, Oman
Sospol : Jurnal Sosial Politik Vol 2, No 1 (2016): Juli - Desember
Publisher : Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

AbstrakNegara kesejahteraan (welfare state) dianggap sebagai jawaban yang paling tepat atas bentuk keterlibatan negara dalam memajukan kesejahteraan rakyat. Keyakinan ini diperkuat oleh munculnya kenyataan empiris mengenai kegagalan pasar (market failure) dan kegagalan negara (state failure) dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan rakyat. Menurut Goodin (1999; dalam Simarmata, 2008: 19) negara kesejahteraan sering diasosiasikan dengan proses distribusi sumber daya yang ada kepada publik, baik secara tunai maupun dalam bentuk tertentu (cash benefits or benefits in kind). Konsep kesejahteraan juga terkait erat dengan kebijakan sosial-ekonomi yang berupaya untuk mewujudkan kesejahteraan rakyat secara umum. Beberapa bidang yang paling mendesak untuk diperhatikan dalam kebijakan kesejahteraan adalah masalah pendidikan, kesehatan dan penyediaan lapangan kerja. Secara umum suatu negara bisa digolongkan sebagai negara kesejahteraan jika mempunyai empat pilar utamanya, yaitu: (1) social citizenship; (2) full democracy; (3) modern industrial relation systems; dan (4) rights to education and the expansion of modern mass educations systemsKata kunci : negara kesejahteraan, kegagalan pasar, kegagalan negara AbstractWelfare state is considered as the most appropriate response on the form of state involvement in advancing the welfare of the people. This belief was reinforced by the emergence of empirical facts about the failure of the market (market failure) and the failure of the state (state failure) in improving people's welfare. According to Goodin (1999; in Simarmata, 2008: 19) the welfare state is often associated with the distribution of existing resources to the public, either in cash or in the form of certain (cash benefits or benefits in kind). The concept of well-being are closely linked to socio-economic policy of working to realize the people's welfare in general. Some of the most urgent areas for attention in welfare policy is a matter of education, health and employment. In general, a country can be classified as a welfare state if it has four main pillars, namely: (1) social citizenship; (2) full democracy; (3) modern industrial relations systems; and (4) the rights to education and the expansion of modern mass Educations systems.Keywords : market failure, state failure, welfare state

Praktik Politik Oligarki dan Mobilisasi Sumber Daya Kekuasaan Di Pilkades Desa Sitimerto Pada Tahun 2016 Hidayat, Endik
Sospol : Jurnal Sosial Politik Vol 4, No 2 (2018): Juli-Desember
Publisher : Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

The emergence of a debate about the village head elections, is it a form of democracy or not democracy? Because it is controlled by a handful of oligarchs, it has long occurred among village experts. Therefore, this article aims to find out the development of the democratic model and the source of oligarchic power in Sitimerto village, Kediri regency in the Pilkades 2016. This article uses a qualitative approach and takes a case study on the selection of Sitimerto village heads, Pagu District, Kediri District, East Java Province. The case was interesting because the Sitimerto Pilkades allegedly represented a village with Javanese cultural characters and the oligarchs were quite strong. The results of the study prove that material resources are still dominant in the political dynamics of Sitimerto village. Money politics is a material resource that functions to influence village voters with diverse meanings. However, oligarchs must also become as elites to be able to exploit non-material resources to better guarantee victory in the election of the Sitimerto village head. In this study, non-material resources are identical with Javanese sources of power which are spiritual powers or called kesakten.

Strategi Penguatan Organisasi Pelayanan Sosial Berbasis Keagamaan Lendriyono, Fauzik
Sospol : Jurnal Sosial Politik Vol 3, No 2 (2017): Juli-Desember
Publisher : Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

AbstrakGejala sekularisasi organisasi pelayanan sosial semakin masif. Sekularisasi ini disebabkan karena masyarakat semakin rasional pada realitas sosial yang menuntut kualitas pelayanan sosial lebih baik. Masyarakat yang rasional adalah masyarakat yang mampu mengorganisir dan melakukan peran serta tindakan atas dasar pertimbangan logis atas realitas. Hadirnya organisasi menjadi cirri masyarakat rasional. Organisasi adalah bentukan sosial yang berisi kesepakatan gagasan pemikiran, nilai, ideologi dan tujuan. Ketika agama menjadi bagian di dalamnya, maka organisasi menjadi lebih kuat dengan tatanan nilai dan aturan-aturan yang selalu merujuk pada nilai agama sebagai dasar keyakinannya. Keyakinan pada nilai agama menjadi spirit organisasi untuk merancang dan merealisasikan tujuannya. Maka organisasi yang berbasis keagamaan memiliki sensifitas dan orientasi untuk kesejahteraan yang lebih baik. Kesejahteraan tidak hanya bagi obyek, tetapi juga bagi subyek organisasi. Tesis Weber bahwa semakin menguatnya organisasi atau lembaga formal di masyarakat justru akan mempersempit ruang-ruang keagamaan, ternyata tidaklah demikian. Justru dengan hadirnya agama dalam organisasi, maka jangkauan organisasi semakin luas, memasuki sel-sel organisasi secara lebih dalam dan manusiawi. Kata kunci: keagamaan, organisasi, strategi AbstractSymptoms of secularization of social service organizations are increasingly masiv. This secularization is caused by increasingly rational society in social reality that demands better quality of social services. A rational society is a society capable of organizing and performing action based on logical reasoning of reality. The presence of the organization became the cirri of rational society. Organization is a social form that contains agreement of ideas of thought, value, ideology and purpose. When religion becomes part of it, the organization becomes stronger with the order of values and rules that always refer to the value of religion as the basis of its belief. Confidence in the value of religion becomes the spirit of the organization to design and realize its objectives. Hence religious-based organizations have sensitivity and orientation for better welfare. Welfare is not only for the object, but also for the subject of the organization. Weber's thesis that the strengthening of formal organizations or institutions in society will actually narrow the religious spaces, it is not so. Precisely with the presence of religion within the organization, the scope of the organization increasingly widespread, entering the cells of the organization more deeply and humanely.Keywords: organization, religion, strategy

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