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INDONESIA
Indonesian Physical Review
Published by Universitas Mataram
ISSN : 26151278     EISSN : 26147904     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Education,
Education Physics
Indonesian Physical Review is a peer review journal which is managed and published by Physics Departement, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Mataram. This journal is published periodically three times a year, in January, May and September. IPR is Open Accsess for all readers and includes research developments in physics both experimentally and analytically. Focus and scope include Theoritical Physics, Computation, Material sciences, Instrumentation, Biophysics, Geophysics, and Optics.
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Articles 244 Documents
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Studi Ekman Mass Transport dan Ekman Pumping Velocity pada Kawasan Perairan Selatan Jawa – Nusa Tenggara Nindy Saitama L. Gaol; I Wayan Gede Astawa Karang; I Dewa Nyoman Nurweda Putra
Indonesian Physical Review Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/ipr.v9i2.565

Abstract

The waters south of Java to Nusa Tenggara are a critical upwelling region heavily influenced by monsoon dynamics. The interactions drive oceanographic variability, specifically Ekman Mass Transport (EMT) and Ekman Pumping Velocity (EPV), which regulate primary productivity. While previous studies have examined these dynamics, most have focused on short-term variations. To address this, this study analyzes the variability of EMT and EPV over a 22-year period (2003–2024) and their interaction with El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD). EMT and EPV values were calculated using ECMWF wind data, SST, and chlorophyll-a data sourced from MODIS, and climate indices (Niño 3.4 and DMI), which were then analyzed using Pearson correlation. Results show that EMT and EPV peak during the Southeast Monsoon (JJA), reaching approximately 5.16 m²/s and -2.89 × 10⁻⁵ m/s, respectively. Notable anomalies occurred in 2010 and 2016; specifically, the 2010 interaction between La Niña and a negative IOD significantly suppressed upwelling. Correlation analysis reveals that SST is predominantly influenced by EPV, while chlorophyll a concentration is more closely linked to EMT. Although both ENSO and IOD modulate these dynamics, the IOD exerts a stronger influence due to the region’s proximity to the Indian Ocean. These findings provide critical insights into the oceanographic drivers of regional productivity, supporting sustainable fisheries management.
INTEGRATED SATELLITE IMAGERY AND GEOPHYSICAL METHODS IDENTIFY LANDSLIDE SUSCEPTIBILITY ZONATION IN TABBINJAI VILLAGE, SOUTH SULAWESI Kusmiran, Amirin; Minarti, Minarti; Auliya, Alvia; Aulia, Wahda Nur; Hasmia, Hasmia; Azizah, Nisrah; Wijaya, Arif; Priadi, Ramadhan
Indonesian Physical Review Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/ipr.v9i2.632

Abstract

Tabbinjai Village is susceptible to landslides due to high rainfall, steep topography, and human activities. This study aims to determine the zone of landslide vulnerability using geophysical data and satellite imagery to generate a level of landslide vulnerability map in Tabbinjai Village. The AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) method is used to determine the weight composition of satellite imagery data, and Seismic vulnerability and slip plane identification are geophysical methods that include the HVSR (horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio) method and the Wenner-Schlumberger configuration, respectively. Based on the AHP method, landslide susceptibility is classified into low (60.67%), moderate (37.89%), and high (1.44%) susceptibility zones. These spatial findings are supported by the in situ seismic vulnerability index (Kg) and geoelectrical resistivity profiles, confirming the strong likelihood of slope failure in critical areas. Therefore, integrated satellite imagery and geophysical data provide a reliable reference for regional spatial planning and disaster mitigation strategies.
STRUCTURAL AND COMPOSITIONAL CHARACTERIZATION OF HYDROXYAPATITE AND NANO-CHITOSAN SYNTHESIZED FROM PINCTADA MAXIMA SHELL WASTE FOR BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS Rahayu, Susi; Santjojo, D J D H; Wirawan, Rahadi; Yulianingsih, Weny; Masruroh, Masruroh
Indonesian Physical Review Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/ipr.v9i2.574

Abstract

Pearl oyster (Pinctada maxima) aquaculture in West Nusa Tenggara (NTB), Indonesia, generates underutilized shell waste that may impact coastal environments. This study aimed to convert the Pinctada maxima shell waste into high-value biomaterials, specifically hydroxyapatite (HA) and nano-chitosan, and to characterize their physicochemical properties for potential biomedical applications. HA was synthesized via the wet precipitation method followed by calcination  at 1000 °C and 1100 °C. Concurrently, nano-chitosan was prepared through ionic gelation, investigating the effect of 70% and 80% NaOH alkaline treatments. Characterization of HA using EDX indicated a stable Ca/P molar ratio of  1.68 ± 0.03 (1000°C) and 1.67 ± 0.03 (1100°C), FTIR confirmed the presence of hydroxyl and phosphate groups, and XRD revealed well-defined crystalline structures. For nano-chitosan, particle size analysis (PSA) showed size ranges from 235.55 ± 43.90 up to 2728.58 ± 258.74 nm (70% NaOH) and 20.63 ± 18.04 up to 3525.55 ± 13.06 nm (80% NaOH), with FTIR confirming successful ionic cross-linking. The degree of deacetylation (DD) was found to be high, 81.13 ± 0.03% and 82.65 ± 0.15% respectively, although the XRD patterns indicated a predominantly amorphous structure for the nano-chitosan. These findings suggest that the synthesized HA and nano-chitosan from Pinctada maxima shell waste possess favorable physicochemical characteristics, thus supporting their potential as sustainable materials for various biomedical applications.
IDENTIFICATION OF GROUNDWATER POTENTIAL IN MANOKWARI FORMATION IN AMBAN VILLAGE, MANOKWARI, WEST PAPUA USING VERTICAL ELECTRICAL SOUNDING 1-D Ceni Febi Kurnia Sari; Anik Hilyah; Ishak S. Erari; Fajar K. Rohmala; Yoszi Mingsi Anaperta
Indonesian Physical Review Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/ipr.v9i2.576

Abstract

Amban Village (Manokwari, West Papua) has promising groundwater potential, but it is underutilized due to the complex hydrogeology of Quaternary karst limestone, which features rapid fracture conduit flow, low surface permeability, and seasonal water scarcity. This study mapped subsurface aquifers using 1-D Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES; Schlumberger) at nine stations (ST1–ST9) near high-demand areas. Data were collected with an MAE C313-SEV meter (AB/2 = 1–60 m; ~120 m depth) and inverted in IP2WIN, yielding 8–11-layer models with RMS errors of 4.82–24.80%. Conductive layers interpreted as aquifers (0.3–1059 Ω·m) occur at ST4–ST5 (26–30 m; 1–27 Ω·m), ST9 (23–47 m), shallow zones at ST6–ST8 (4–9 m), and deeper targets at ST1–ST2 (43–64 m), generally beneath a resistive cover that helps protect water quality and sustain yield. The observed resistivity-depth patterns indicate both free (unconfined) and confined aquifer systems typical of karst limestone environments. These findings provide a robust scientific foundation for identifying optimal well-drilling locations and developing sustainable groundwater management strategies in similar karst limestone regions. Pump testing and borehole drilling are strongly recommended to confirm aquifer productivity and hydraulic properties.
SYNTHESIS OF MAGNETITE/ACTIVATED CARBON NANOCOMPOSITES FOR THE REMOVAL OF LEAD AND METHYLENE BLUE Setiana, Mina Devika; Fen, Yap Wing; Hidayat, Arif; Subadra, ST. Ulfawanti Intan; Taufiq, Ahmad
Indonesian Physical Review Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/ipr.v9i2.651

Abstract

Water pollution from industrial waste, such as lead and methylene blue (MB), has serious impacts on aquatic life and human health. In addition, existing methods are less effective for waste treatment and are costly to operate.  Therefore, this study aims to develop magnetite/activated carbon nanocomposites based on natural materials as adsorbents. The XRD diffraction pattern showed broadened peaks and the highest crystalline peaks at 2θ = 20°–26° and 35.5° for activated carbon and magnetite, respectively. The nanocomposite formation was confirmed from the EDX spectrum, which showed the presence of Fe, O, and C elements, as well as from the FTIR spectrum, which detected the presence of Fe–O, C–H, C=C, C=O, and O–H functional groups. Furthermore, based on the SEM results, the nanocomposites were found to be spherical and porous, with an average particle size of 35.53 ± 0.83 nm. Meanwhile, the BET results showed that the nanocomposites had a total pore volume of 0.333 cm3/g. The kinetics of lead adsorption reached equilibrium in 25 minutes with an efficiency of 99.51%. The adsorption of MB reached equilibrium in 20 minutes, with an efficiency of 97.02%. The results of the kinetic analysis showed that the adsorption of lead and MB both fit the pseudo-second order (PSO) modeling with adsorption capacities (qe) of 11.6550 mg/g and 7.3421 mg/g, respectively. Based on these results, the magnetite/activated carbon nanocomposites are promising as an alternative adsorbent due to their high efficiency, practicality, and magnetic separation capabilities.
GREEN SYNTHESIS OF ZINC OXIDE (ZNO) NANOPARTICLES USING KEPOK BANANA LEAF EXTRACT (Musa Paradisiaca L.) FOR METHYLENE BLUE DEGRADATION Mustaqim, Amrina; Khoirunisa, Vera; Baqaruzi, Syamsyarief; Utami, Nadia Soni; Maharsi, Retno
Indonesian Physical Review Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/ipr.v9i2.614

Abstract

This study examines the effect of Musa paradisiaca L. leaf extract concentration (6%, 8%, and 10%) on the structural, morphological, and photocatalytic properties of ZnO nanoparticles synthesized via a green method, with a focus on methylene blue (MB) degradation. XRD analysis confirms the formation of ZnO with crystallite sizes in the range of 34–37 nm, while SEM observations show particle sizes of approximately 40–130 nm, indicating agglomeration. The results also show that increasing the extract concentration from 6% to 10% reduces the band gap energy from 3.24 eV to 3.05 eV, which is followed by an increase in MB degradation efficiency up to 78% after 180 minutes. This trend indicates a clear relationship between extract concentration, band gap energy, and photocatalytic activity, where a lower band gap enables more effective light absorption and enhances degradation performance. Overall, the findings demonstrate that extract concentration is a key parameter in improving the photocatalytic performance of ZnO nanoparticles for dye degradation.
INVESTIGATION OF EARTHQUAKE-INDUCED LANDSLIDE ALONG WAY RATAI ROAD, TELUK PANDAN, LAMPUNG, INDONESIA USING ON-GROUND SHEAR STRAIN AND SOFT LAYER THICKNESS ANALYSIS Elvina Damayanti Elvina; Ikah Ning Prasetiowati Permanasari; Vico Luthfi Ipmawan
Indonesian Physical Review Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/ipr.v9i2.642

Abstract

Seismic shaking is a primary trigger of landslides in tectonically active regions. In the Teluk Pandan area, Lampung, Indonesia, earthquake hazards are associated with the nearby megathrust southwest of Lampung Province, the Great Sumatran Fault—particularly the Semangko segment—and other active regional faults. This study aims to investigate the extent to which earthquakes contribute the occurrence of landslides using ground shear strain (GSS) value and the thickness of soft soil layers along Way Ratai Road, the main route to a tourist destination. GSS values range from  to , all below the 10⁻⁴ threshold, indicating predominantly elastic soil behaviour with no permanent deformation under current seismic loading conditions. Despite this, potential vulnerability remains, particularly under scenario earthquakes originating from the nearby Lampung-Panjang Fault (~12 km). Soft soil thickness varies from 0.2 m to 178 m, with critical locations (T25, T28, and T43) exhibiting very thick deposits (149–178 m), which can significantly amplify seismic waves. This amplification effect, combined with high annual rainfall (~3000 mm/year), increases the likelihood of slope instability and landslide occurrence. The results demonstrate that low GSS values alone may not fully represent landslide hazard. Therefore, integrating GSS with subsurface soil conditions is essential for more reliable and conservative landslide susceptibility assessment in earthquake-prone areas.
SEASONAL CONTROLS OF ATMOSPHERIC MOISTURE ON TROPICAL PRECIPITATION ANOMALIES Darmawan, Yahya; Dewi, Deshinta Arrova
Indonesian Physical Review Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/ipr.v9i2.686

Abstract

Inter-annual precipitation variability across tropical regions is driven by complex interactions between large-scale atmospheric circulation and local processes, yet the relative contributions of key moisture budget components remain insufficiently quantified. This study examines seasonal contrasts between DJF and JJA in the Tropical Region using a moisture budget framework, with northern Sumatra, Indonesia, as a representative tropical case study. By using 36 years (1981–2016) of ERA-Interim data, wet and dry years are identified based on standardized precipitation anomalies, with statistical significance assessed using a Student’s t-test. Composite analyses show that anomalous vertical moisture transport associated with vertical velocity anomalies (-〈ω^' ∂_p q ̅ 〉) is the dominant contributor in both seasons. However, its magnitude is weaker during DJF, indicating less coherent upward motion and weaker coupling between the large-scale circulation and convection than during JJA. In JJA, enhanced large-scale circulation strengthens moisture convergence and divergence, producing more organized convection. In contrast, DJF exhibits weaker circulation and a larger residual, suggesting stronger influences of transient and nonlinear processes. These findings highlight seasonal asymmetry in precipitation controls and provide insights applicable to tropical climate variability.
CHARACTERIZATION OF GREEN-SYNTHESIZED COBALT OXIDE NANOPARTICLES USING Nigella sativa SEED EXTRACT Hizkia Alpha Dewanto; Sarah Toding; Irfan Riadin; Jatmoko Awali; Andi Idhil Ismail; Fredy Kurniawan; Yosua Anjupaian Situmeang; Yunita Triana
Indonesian Physical Review Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/ipr.v9i2.630

Abstract

Cobalt oxide nanoparticles (CoO NPs) were synthesized via green synthesis using Nigella sativa seed extract as a natural reducing and stabilizing agent. This approach enables environmentally friendly production of ultrafine nanoparticles while incorporating bioactive plant compounds. The CoO NPs were characterized using XRD, XRF, UV–Vis, FTIR, and TEM. XRD confirmed CoO formation with diffraction peaks at 2θ = 31.247°, 36.712°, 42.5°, 44.771°, 59.359°, 61.536°, 65.227°, 74.31°, and 76.111°, which are indexed to the (100), (111), (200), (102), (110), (103), (220), (311), and (222) planes of face-centered cubic (fcc) CoO. XRF showed cobalt as the main element (71.36 wt%) with minor P, S, K, Ca, Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, and Ti. UV–Vis exhibited peaks at 320 nm and 344 nm, TEM revealed nearly spherical particles (1.72 nm with a standard deviation of 0.55 nm), and FTIR confirmed Co–O bonds (700–663 cm⁻¹) along with organic functional groups from the extract. The formation mechanism involves phytochemical-mediated bioreduction, surface stabilization, and producing well-dispersed CoO NPs. Overall, all characterization techniques consistently confirm the successful formation of highly crystalline, pure, and well-dispersed CoO nanoparticles with nanoscale dimensions. The combined results demonstrate that Nigella sativa extract effectively acts as both reducing and stabilizing agent, leading to stable CoO NPs suitable for potential applications in catalytic and functional material systems.
MICROWAVE ASSISTED EXTRACTION OF KETAPANG (Terminalia Catappa) LEAVES AS A GREEN CORROSION INHIBITOR FOR SS400 STEEL IN ACIDIC MEDIUM (HCl) Adi Renie Happy; Erna Hastuti; Naqiibatin Nadliriyah
Indonesian Physical Review Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/ipr.v9i2.637

Abstract

Ketapang (Terminalia Catappa) leaves, which are rich in tannins (11–23%), were investigated as a green corrosion inhibitor for SS400 steel. Tannins were extracted using microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) at 100 W for 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11 minutes. Extracts were characterized using FTIR to identify functional groups and by UV–Vis spectrophotometry to quantify tannin content. Corrosion tests using the weight-loss method showed that the T-7 extract exhibited the lowest corrosion rate of 0.752 mm/y and the highest inhibition efficiency of 92.69%. Optical microscopy revealed reduced surface degradation consistent with the weight-loss results, confirming the protective effect of tannin-rich extracts. Microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) enhanced tannin yield, and the tannin-rich extracts formed protective polyphenolic films that inhibited corrosion via iron–tannin complexation and adsorption. These findings demonstrate that ketapang leaf extract obtained via MAE is an effective, low-cost, and environmentally sustainable inhibitor of steel in acidic environments.

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