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INDONESIA
Indonesian Physical Review
Published by Universitas Mataram
ISSN : 26151278     EISSN : 26147904     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Education,
Education Physics
Indonesian Physical Review is a peer review journal which is managed and published by Physics Departement, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Mataram. This journal is published periodically three times a year, in January, May and September. IPR is Open Accsess for all readers and includes research developments in physics both experimentally and analytically. Focus and scope include Theoritical Physics, Computation, Material sciences, Instrumentation, Biophysics, Geophysics, and Optics.
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Articles 221 Documents
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EVALUATING SURFACE TEMPERATURE VARIABILITIES AND CLIMATE EXTREMES IN THE DIENG PLATEAU OVER THREE DECADES Nugraheni, Imma Redha; Virgianto, Rista Hernandi; Kristianto, Aries; Septiadi, Deni; Nugroho, Hapsoro Agung; Soegiarto, Ita; Radjab, Fachri
Indonesian Physical Review Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/ipr.v8i2.493

Abstract

This study examines long-term surface temperature variability and climate extremes in the Dieng Plateau, Central Java, from 1991 to 2022. Despite its tropical location, the region’s unique high-altitude microclimate, with frequent frost events, has raised concerns for local agriculture, particularly potato farming. However, limited observational data has constrained in-depth assessments. To address this, we used bias-corrected ERA5 reanalysis data, calibrated using hourly observations from an Automatic Weather Station (AWS) installed in 2021. The analysis focused on climatological trends and temperature-related extreme indices following the Expert Team on Climate Change Detection and Indices (ETCCDI) framework. Our findings indicate seasonal patterns in diurnal temperatures, with JJA (June–August) exhibiting the greatest variability and the lowest night time temperatures, conditions favorable to frost formation. Among the extreme indices, warmest night temperatures (TNx) increased significantly at a rate of 0.017°C/year (p < 0.01), while coldest night temperatures (TNn) showed a slight but significant decline. The frequency of warm nights (TN90p) rose by 0.242 days/month, while cold nights (TN10p) decreased by 0.161 days/month. Meanwhile, trends for warm days (TX90p), cold days (TX10p), and cold spell duration (CSDI) were statistically insignificant. These results highlight the plateau’s sensitivity to night time warming and the potential risk of climate-driven shifts in frost occurrence. The combination of high-resolution reanalysis data and extreme indices offers valuable insight into microclimate behavior in tropical highlands, with direct implications for frost risk management and climate adaptation strategies in vulnerable agricultural zones.
SYNTHESIS OF SINGLE-PHASE HYDROXYAPATITE POWDER FROM EGGSHELL WASTE VIA CO-PRECIPITATION METHOD AND ITS STRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION Musyarofah, Musyarofah; Mahera, Adinda Kholif; Tajalla, Gusti Umindya Nur; Nafisah, Azmia Rizka; Prayitno, Budi; Norhidayah, Siti; Kartika, Siska Ayu
Indonesian Physical Review Vol. 8 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/ipr.v8i3.451

Abstract

This study aims to synthesize a single-phase hydroxyapatite powder using waste chicken eggshells as a calcium source via the co-precipitation method. The process focuses on optimizing calcination time and temperature to achieve high-purity hydroxyapatite.  The co-precipitation procedure involved controlled pH adjustment and aging time, contributing to the formation of homogeneous particles. Chicken eggshells, predominantly composed of calcium carbonate (CaCO3), were calcined at 1000°C for 15 hours to produce calcium oxide (CaO). The resulting CaO was then reacted with phosphate ions in an aqueous solution, followed by a calcination at 900°C for varying holding times of 5 and 10 hours. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis were conducted to evaluate phase composition, crystal size, and texture properties. The optimum condition was found at 900 °C for 10 h calcination, resulting in single-phase hydroxyapatite, a crystallite size of 220 nm, an average pore radius of 6.78 nm, a total pore volume of 0.02 cc/g, a surface area of 6.38 m2/g, and an average particle radius of 213.89 nm. These findings highlight the potential of this method for producing bioceramics with desirable properties for use in bone grafts and other biomedical materials.
LANDSLIDE AREA MAPPING IN DAMPIT SUBDISTRICT, MALANG DISTRICT, EAST JAVA PROVINCE USING SATELLITE IMAGERY OF GRAVITY DATA FOR DISASTER MITIGATION Sutasoma, Muwardi; Susilo, Adi; Maryanto, Sukir; Aprilia, Faridha; Bunga Puspita, Mayang; Habibiy Idmi, Mohammad; Hasan, Muhammad Fathur Rouf; Almais, Agung Teguh Wibowo; Herwiningsih, Sri
Indonesian Physical Review Vol. 8 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/ipr.v8i3.487

Abstract

Research using satellite imagery of gravity data has been conducted in the Dampit District, Malang Regency, East Java Province. This research was conducted to identify areas vulnerable to landslides. The results of this research can serve as a basis for the government to develop effective landslide disaster mitigation policies, thereby minimizing the losses incurred. The data used is TOPEX satellite gravity data in the form of Free Air Correction data, and supported by landslide vulnerable areas data from the InaRisk satellite. The research area is 23 km x 16 km with 2 km spacing between points and 184 measurement points. Furthermore, the research area is divided into four areas: Area A1, Area A2, Area A3, and Area A4.  The residual anomaly value in the study area is between 82.7 mGal to 142.4 mGal. The residual anomalies are more variable due to the local nature of the anomalies. The correlation between the residual anomaly value and InaRisk satellite image data shows that Area A4 is the most vulnerable to landslides, especially if there is a trigger such as an earthquake.  This is because Area A4 has a low-density value, a large fault, and is the contact area between the Mandalika Formation and Wuni Formation.
IMPLEMENTATION OF AAPM TG-218 FOR PATIENT SPECIFIC QUALITY ASSURANCE (PSQA) IN THE CASE OF THORACIC TARGET REGION USING IMRT RADIOTHERAPY TECHNIQUE WITH EPID aSi-1200 Listiono, Firza Indrastata; Noor, Johan Andoyo Effendi; Herwiningsih, Sri; Dwiyono, Agustinus Gatot; Martono, Sri; Nugroho, Rafiq Sulistyo; Petrarizky, Alfred Julius
Indonesian Physical Review Vol. 8 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/ipr.v8i3.502

Abstract

The implementation of Patient-Specific Quality Assurance (PSQA) is crucial for ensuring the accuracy and safety of Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT). This study evaluates the application of AAPM TG-218 recommendations in PSQA for thoracic region treatment using the IMRT technique. The study compares two PSQA methods, Perpendicular Composite (PC) and Perpendicular Field-by-Field (PFF), using Electronic Portal Imaging Device (EPID). Measurements were conducted on 10 IMRT patients using a Varian TrueBeam Linac and Eclipse TPS. The Gamma Index (GI) analysis with criteria 3%/3 mm, 3%/2 mm, and 2%/2 mm was used to assess dose distribution accuracy. The results indicate that the average Gamma Passing Rate (GPR) for 3%/2 mm criteria exceeded 95%, which is appropriate with AAPM TG-218 standards. However, stricter criteria (2%/2 mm) did not reach the minimum recommended values. The study suggests that PSQA using EPID with the PFF method under rotational gantry conditions is the most suitable approach for thoracic IMRT treatment verification. The local standardization recommendations from the results of this study can be used as a reference for determining methodological standards in cases of the thoracic region in the IMRT technique to increase efficiency in clinical applications with similar PSQA dosimetry.
PERFORMANCE OF ACTIVATED CARBON FROM WATER CHESTNUT (ELEOCHARIS DULCIS) as Fe ADSORBENT Safitri, Maya; Haryanti, Ninis Hadi; Suryajaya, Suryajaya; Husain, Sadang
Indonesian Physical Review Vol. 8 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/ipr.v8i3.483

Abstract

This research aims to investigate the performance of activated carbon from water chestnut (WC) as an Fe adsorbent on river water samples in South Kalimantan. The WC was carbonized at a temperature of 400 °C. Then the carbon was activated with two types of activators, KOH and H2SO4 solutions. The carbonization and the activation time were also varied in two different times, 1 and 2 hours. The electrical conductivity of Martapura River water was measured to investigate its condition or quality, and yielded about 0.56   or 5600 µS/cm. It is quite large compared to the standard 1000 µS/cm. After activated carbon treatment, the electrical conductivity is reduced by about 6.67 – 13.81%. For Fe adsorption, the reduction efficiency and adsorption capacity were in the range of 7.73 % – 22.94 % and 0.50 – 1.47 mg/g. The results showed that the prepared activated carbon is effective in adsorption and decreases the Fe metal content at room temperature.
LANDSLIDE VULNERABILITY ANALYSIS BASED ON THE SEISMIC VULNERABILITY INDEX USING THE HVSR MICROTREMOR METHOD ON CLIFF AREAS IN HANURA VILLAGE, TELUK PANDAN DISTRICT, PESAWARAN REGENCY Permanasari, Ikah Ning Prasetiowati; Ba’asyir, Indi Nurazizah; Setiawan, Muhamad Ragil; Pardede, Indra; Monica, Yeli
Indonesian Physical Review Vol. 8 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/ipr.v8i3.484

Abstract

Way Ratai Road in Pesawaran Regency connects tourist areas managed by the Lampung Provincial Government. This road has cliffs with steep slopes, which have the potential to cause landslides. This research is very important because Way Ratai road is the only access road to Pesawaran beach tourism which is the main tourist destination of Lampung Province. Moreover, Way Ratai road is also the only access road connecting to the provincial capital of Bandar Lampung. This research was conducted to determine the soil vulnerability to seismic vibration on two cliffs around Way Ratai Road, Teluk Pandan District, Pesawaran Regency. The method used was microtremor signal recording with the Horizontal Vertical to Spectral Ratio (HVSR) method to determine the amplification factor (), dominant frequency (), sediment thickness (H), and seismic vulnerability index (Kg). The first cliff's measurement and data processing results showed an amplification factor () value of 2.74 - 3.70, a dominant frequency () of 3.75 - 4.56 Hz, a sediment thickness (H) of 14.09 m, and a seismic vulnerability index (Kg) of 2.39 m²/s. On the second cliff, the results showed an amplification factor () value of 2.27 - 3.40, a dominant frequency () of 3.54 - 7.20 Hz, a sediment thickness (H) of 9.33 m, and a seismic vulnerability index (Kg) of 1.84 m²/s. In term of seismic vibration, both cliffs, prone to landslides, have high stability against seismic vibrations. In the event of a landslide on these two cliffs, the estimated slip surface on the first cliff would be translational, and the second cliff would be a combination of translational and slight rotational, with an estimated volume of soil that could potentially slide on the first cliff is 30,492.16 m³ and on the second cliff, it is 27,188.92 m³.
SOLUTION OF THE TIME-INDEPENDENT SCHRÖDINGER EQUATION FOR THE ROSEN–MORSE POTENTIAL BY USING THE GALERKIN METHOD Widagda, I Gusti Agung; Artawan, Nengah; Trisnawati, Ni Luh Putu; Adnyana, I Gusti Agung Putra; Paramarta, Ida Bagus Alit
Indonesian Physical Review Vol. 8 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/ipr.v8i3.492

Abstract

This study presents a numerical solution to the time-independent Schrödinger equation (TISE) for the Rosen-Morse potential using the Galerkin method. The Rosen-Morse potential, commonly used in atomic and molecular physics, has known analytical solutions under certain conditions. By transforming the TISE into a Jacobi differential equation, the analytical wave function and energy levels can be derived. However, analytical solutions are limited to ideal cases, highlighting the need for numerical methods in more general scenarios. The Galerkin method is implemented by expanding the wave function using Sine basis functions and projecting the TISE onto this basis. The resulting eigenvalue problem is solved by constructing the Hamiltonian matrix from kinetic and potential energy operators. Numerical results from the Galerkin method are compared with analytical solutions using graphical analysis, percentage error (% error), and statistical tests, including the Mann-Whitney U test. The results demonstrate that the probability densities obtained using the Galerkin method closely approximate the analytical solution. This is visually evident from the overlapping of probability density plots from both methods. The percentage error of the probability densities is below 1 %, entirely.  Furthermore, the Mann–Whitney U test yields a p-value less than 0.05, indicating that the differences between the two sets of probability densities are statistically insignificant at the 95% confidence level. These findings highlight the Galerkin method’s effectiveness and accuracy as a robust numerical tool for solving the TISE with the Rosen-Morse potential.  
NON-INVASIVE DETERMINATION OF LIQUID DIFFUSION COEFFICIENTS USING LASER BEAM DEFLECTION AND REFRACTIVE INDEX GRADIENTS: A STUDY ON NaCl Handoko, Djati; Hifzhi, Affan; Sudarmaji, Arief; Dewi, Fitria Yunita
Indonesian Physical Review Vol. 8 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/ipr.v8i3.500

Abstract

This research describes and verifies the creation of a straightforward system for determining liquid diffusion coefficients using the Laser Beam Deflection (LBD) technique for measuring diffusion rates in sodium chloride solutions. The system exploits refractive index gradients that develop during diffusion to produce a detectable laser beam deviation, which is subsequently analyzed to calculate diffusion coefficients. Our experimental setup, which builds on Wiener's original design with several improvements, consists of a laser source with a cylindrical lens, a diffusion cell, and a screen for capturing projected images. We conducted an in-depth analysis of time-dependent measurements (5, 20, and 45 minutes), concentration variations (20/100, 25/100, and 30/100 NaCl/aquades ratios), and geometric configurations (30°, 45°, and 60° tilt angles) and found that the initial diffusion coefficients exhibit time-dependent behavior before stabilizing at approximately.  Within the examined range, concentration had a negligible impact on diffusion coefficients, but the geometric orientation had a substantial effect on measurement accuracy, resulting in a measurement error of approximately 3.00% when the configuration was set at 45°. Linear correlations between the natural logarithm of the ratio of the concentration difference to time, and the inverse square of the height, were found to be consistent with Fick's second law of diffusion under all tested conditions. This non-invasive approach offers a dependable substitute for conventional methods of diffusion measurement, which may be utilised in fields such as solution chemistry, food science, and pharmaceutical formulations.
DESIGN AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A SIMPLE TEMPERATURE SENSOR BASED ON A POLYMER SINE S-BEND OPTICAL WAVEGUIDE STRUCTURE Yulianti, Ian; Hidayah, Rizki Roqissatul; Leonardy, Joshu; Fianti, Fianti; Sunarno, Sunarno; W. P, Wasi Sakti; Utomo, Galih R.; Prayogo, Defrian; Mufatihah, Nishfa
Indonesian Physical Review Vol. 8 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/ipr.v8i3.511

Abstract

This study presents the design, fabrication, and performance evaluation of a sine S-bend embedded square-core optical waveguide for temperature sensing applications. The waveguide was fabricated using a straightforward and cost-effective CNC milling technique, with PMMA as the cladding and unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) as the core material. Three different bend heights (0.5 cm, 0.6 cm, and 0.7 cm) were investigated to assess their effects on sensor sensitivity, response time, accuracy, and hysteresis. Results showed that increasing the bend height enhanced the sensor sensitivity, with the highest sensitivity of 0.0283 dB/°C achieved at a bend height of 0.7 cm. The response time was consistently maintained at approximately 40 seconds across all samples. The sensor exhibited excellent accuracy, reaching up to 99.31% at a bend height of 0.5 cm. The maximum hysteresis observed was 0.202 % at a bend height of 0.7 cm, indicating stable performance during thermal cycling. These results confirm that the integration of a sine S-bend structure, smooth core surface, and precise waveguide dimensions can significantly improve sensor performance while maintaining a simple and scalable fabrication process.
NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF Mw 8.3 SOUTH BURU FAULT TSUNAMIS WITH 3D SLIP EVOLUTION IN AMBON Kelibulin, Josephus Ronny; Latumeten, Grimaldy Rooy; Elake, Alexander Yosep; Lebang, Annamaintin Kobong
Indonesian Physical Review Vol. 8 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/ipr.v8i3.541

Abstract

This study investigates the tsunami hazard potential induced by the activity of the South Buru Thrust Fault on the coastal areas of Ambon City through two-dimensional (2D) numerical modelling using the COMCOT v1.7 software, while incorporating three-dimensional (3D) slip evolution from the fault scenario. The earthquake scenario was set at Mw 8.3 based on fault length, width, and slip potential estimates, representing an extreme seismic event in the region. By integrating 3D slip evolution into the 2D tsunami model, the approach accounts for spatial variations in vertical displacement along the fault plane, directly influencing tsunami generation and propagation. The simulation results show significant spatial variations in tsunami run-up heights and inundation zones, with maximum run-up recorded at Kapahaha (13.08 m, arrival time ~832 s) and Slamet Riyadi Port (12.02 m, arrival time ~786 s). In comparison, minimum values occurred in Ambon's northern and northeastern parts (<1 m). The affected area and inundation distance from the shoreline also vary, e.g., Kapahaha (12,813 m², 159 m) and Slamet Riyadi Port (414,158 m², 1,213 m). Areas experiencing the highest tsunami inundation are Latuhalat (>5 m), followed by Galala–Wayame–Laha (3–5 m) and Paso–Rumah Tiga–Hative Kecil (2–4 m). The distribution of tsunami waves is influenced by coastal morphology, wave direction, and the presence of bays and capes, which can either amplify or block waves. Further analysis highlights the effects of seafloor topography, coastal morphology, and wave propagation pathways on run-up heights and arrival times. These findings underscore the importance of considering multi-segment rupture models, 3D deformation, and coastal morphology in tsunami hazard assessments and contribute to more realistic, source-specific mitigation strategies in tectonically complex regions such as Ambon.

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