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Asian Journal of Agriculture
Published by Universitas Mulawarman
ISSN : -     EISSN : 25804537     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Aims and Scope Asian Journal of Agriculture encourages submission of manuscripts dealing with all aspects to optimizing the quality and quantity of both plant and animal yield and final products, including agricultural economics and management, agricultural engineering and mechanization, agronomy and crop science, fish breeding, poultry breeding, plants and animals breeding, biotechnology, molecular biology, genetic diversity and breeding, food science and technology, land resources, land use, and remote sensing, plant pathology and pest management, microbiology, virology and bacteriology, organic agriculture, ecology and ecophysiology, physiology and nutrition, post-harvest technology, soil sciences, soilless culture, tissue culture technology, phytoremediation, and water management.
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Articles 40 Documents
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The identification of soil fungi isolated from rhizosphere in different varieties of jali (Coix lacryma-jobi) in Loa Kulu, Kutai Kartanegara, Indonesia SOPIALENA, SOPIALENA; AKHSAN, N.; SURYADI, A.; NURDIANA, JULI
Asian Journal of Agriculture Vol 2 No 02 (2018)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity & Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/asianjagric/g020202

Abstract

Sopialena, Akhsan N, Suryadi A, Nurdiana J. 2018. The identification of soil fungi isolated from Rhizosphere in different varieties of jali plants (Coix lacryma-jobi) in Loa Kulu, Kutai Kartanegara, Indonesia. Asian J Agric 2: 44-47. The rhizosphere effect indicated the development of active microbial population around the roots driving from the loss of organic materials. This research was intended to identify rhizosphere microbes by identifying the potential microbes four different varieties of jali (Coix lacryma-jobi L.) in Loh Sumber, Loa Kulu, Kutai Kartanegara, Indonesia, i.e., jelai beras, jelai ketan, ketan lekat, and jelai kaltara. The soil samples were collected and isolated in the area of jali plantation in Loa Kulu, Kutai Kartanegara at 45 days after planting. As many as 16 isolated samples were used, collected from four different variety of jali and 4 times of replication. The result showed that a variety of microbes at Rhizosphere could be classified as Trichoderma sp. Aspergillus sp., Pythium sp., Fusarium sp., Cunninghamelal sp., and Penicillium sp..
Plant resistance to leaves and their effects on paddy rice production in Kutai Barat District, East Kalimantan Province, Indonesia Akhsan, Ni'matuljannah; SOPIALENA; FAHRIZAL
Asian Journal of Agriculture Vol 3 No 02 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity & Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/asianjagric/g030202

Abstract

Abstract. Akhsan N, Sopialena, Fahrizal. 2019. Plant resistance to leaves and their effects on paddy rice production in Kutai Barat District, East Kalimantan Province, Indonesia. Asian J Agric 3: 41-46. This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of fertilizer application on the resistance of lowland commercial rice cultivars (Oryza sativa L.) against leaf spot diseases in Kutai Barat District, East Kalimantan Timur, Indonesia and to determine the factors influencing the resistance. A field experiment was conducted at rice fields in Long Iram and Linggang Bigung Sub-districts, West Kutai District and the disease identification was performed at the Laboratory of Pests and Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Mulawarman University. The field experiment was designed in a split-plot design arranged in a Randomized Block Design (RBD) using four replications. The main-plot was fertilizer application (P) consisting of two fertilizer application treatments, i.e., 200 kg.ha-1 Urea (p1), and 200 kg.ha-1 Urea + 200 kg.ha-1 NPK (p2). The sub-plots were varieties (V) consisted of three varieties, i.e., Ciherang (v1), Mekongga (v2) and Inpari 6 (v3). The disease identification was performed by identification of leaf spot disease isolated from the sample plants using morphological observation under a microscope. The number and density of stomata, intensity of leaf disease infection, and yield of the rice were observed. The humidity was also measured at the time of observation of leaf spot disease intensity. The results showed that different fertilizer treatments did not affect the leaf spot disease intensity but the varieties affected the disease intensity at 7, 14, 21.35 and 49 days after planting. The number of stomata of Ciherang, Mekongga and Inpari 6 varieties was 230,182 and 236 stomata/mm2, respectively. Ciherang variety was more resistant against the leaf spot disease compared to other varieties. Stomatal density does not always affect the intensity of leaf spot disease in lowland rice. There is a correlation between air humidity and the intensity of leaf disease infection. The interaction between fertilization and varieties was significant for the rice yield and the highest yield was obtained by Ciherang variety fertilized with 200 kg.ha-1 Urea + 200 kg ha-1 NPK about 3.58 Mg.ha-1 (grain wet weight).In conclusion, Fertilizer application does not affect the leaf spot disease infection and Ciherang variety is the most resistant plant against leaf spot disease compared to Mekongga and Impari 6 varieties.
PHENOTYPIC SCREENING OF COWPEA (VIGNA UNGUICULATA) GENOTYPES IN RESPONSE TO PARASITIC WEED ALECTRA VOGELII Ugbaa, Macsamuel; LUCKY OMOIGUI; LATEEF BELLO
Asian Journal of Agriculture Vol. 4 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity & Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/asianjagric/g040103

Abstract

Abstract. Ugbaa M, Omoigui L, Bello L. 2020. Phenotypic screening of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) genotypes in response to parasitic weed Alectra vogelii. Asian J Agric 4: 14-17. Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) production is constrained by a number of abiotic and biotic factors. Among the biotic constraints, the parasitic flowering plant Alectra vogelii Benth.is one of the most formidable limitations in the dry savannas of West and Central Africa, a region that accounts for over 64% of world production. Alectra causes yield losses estimated between 41 and 100% in susceptible cultivars. Several control measures have been suggested for the control of the parasite. These include cultural practices, application of ethylene chemicals, and host plant resistance. Among these control measures, the use of resistance cultivars appears to be the most attractive option to the resource poor farmers in sub-Saharan Africa. This study was designed to revalidate and determine the reaction status of some improved and local cowpea genotypes to Alectra vogelii. Two screening experiments using pot culture technique and arranged in a Completely Randomized Design, were carried out in the screen house. Pot culture comprised sand and topsoil mixed in a 2:1 ratio and inoculum of 5000 Alectra vogelii seeds. To enhance effective parasite seed germination, the pot culture was watered twice a day for seven (7) days before planting of test cowpea genotypes.. At 30 days after planting (DAP) A. vogelii shoots emerged from pots planted to susceptible cowpea genotypes, although some had delayed emergence up to 40 DAP. Susceptible cowpea showed leaf chlorosis, stunted growth, and partial leaf senescence. Some developed symptoms but A. vogelii shoots did not emerge. In both experiments, cowpea genotypes of B301, IT98K-573-1-1 and IT98K-205-8 were consistently resistant. They showed no attachment or emergence of the parasite. The absence of attachment on resistant cowpea genotypes suggests hyperactive mechanism of resistance to A. vogelii. This is a localized necrotic response that killed off attached parasite at the point of contact, a form of programmed cell death (PCD). This response strongly indicates dominant action in the resistance to A. vogelii in these genotypes. Resistant genotypes can be used as sources of resistance gene to develop improved resistant cowpea varieties.
POTENTIAL OF PSEUDOMONAS STUTZERI STRAINS ISOLATED FROM RHIZOSPHERIC SOIL ENDOWED WITH ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITIES AGAINST PHYTOPATHOGENIC FUNGUS STEMPHYLIUM BOTRYOSUM Mokrani, Slimane; Bejaoui , Bilel; Belabid , Lakhder; Nabti, Elhafid
Asian Journal of Agriculture Vol. 3 No. 02 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity & Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/asianjagric/g030203

Abstract

Abstract. Mokrani S, Bejaoui B, Belabid L, Nabti E, Mokrani S. 2020. Potential of Pseudomonas stutzeri strains isolated from rhizospheric soil endowed with antifungal activities against phytopathogenic fungus Stemphylium botryosum. Biodiversitas 21: 47-54. In this present study, two Pseudomonas strains P4 and P5 isolated from rhizospheric soil were characterized for PGP (Plant Growth Promoting) traits production like HCN (Hydrogen Cyanid), siderophores and IAA (Indole Acetic Acid). Phylogenic tree based on 16S DNAr identification-related the two strains P4 and P5 to Pseudomonas stutzeri NR 116489 and NR 113652.1. One phytopathogenic fungus St-bt (Stemphylium botryosum) was isolated from Phaseolus vulgaris L. Macroscopic and microscopic identification attributed it to the genus Stemphylium. Antifungal activities of the two Pseudomonas strains P4 and P5 against fungus isolate St-bt had revealed very highly significant inhibition percentages of 38.46± 3.85% and 56.56± 2.22% for each strain, respectively.
FEED QUALITY OF SOME POPULATIONS AND VARIETIES OF SORGHUM alane, farida; H. RAHALE-BOUZIANE; Z. FADJER
Asian Journal of Agriculture Vol. 4 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity & Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/asianjagric/g040102

Abstract

Abstract. Alane F, Rahale-Bouziane H, Fadjer Z. 2020. Feed quality of some populations and varieties of sorghum. Asian J Agric 4: 5-13. To characterize some local populations and those from ACSAD through two trials. The Sudan population is better than the other two local populations. This one with an average height of 55.07 cm and an average number of tillers per square meter 128/m², offers a green and dry yield of 5311.47 g/m² and 497.2 g/m² respectively. In the second test, the comparison of the chemical composition of the two pasty milky and hard grain stages does not register a big difference. CP is almost the same (6.66% and 6.1%). The varieties Masser 17, Ezzera, and Biofuel from milky-pasty stage to hard grain stage their cellulose rate to decrease. The maturity of the seed is reached between 82 and 92 days after sowing and their sizes vary between 71 cm and 1.26 m. The average cellulose level of milky-pasty populations is 26.08% and the hard-grain stage is 28.44%. The analysis of the principal components at the hard grain stage has constituted two groups: Kherssi, Beida Adrar, Tougourte, Ain Sallah. Ezzera, Biofuel, Masser17, El Menea. Greater diversity in the chemical composition of the stems, than in those of the leaves more digests is observed.
SHORT COMMUNICATION: PROFITABILITY OF BEEKEEPING USING LOCALLY MADE TRANSITIONAL TOP BAR BEEHIVE IN WOLMERA WOREDA, OROMIA REGION, ETHIOPIA Endale, Wongelu
Asian Journal of Agriculture Vol. 4 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity & Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/asianjagric/g040101

Abstract

Abstract. Gobena WE. 2020. Short Communication: Profitability of beekeeping using locally made transitional top bar beehive in Wolmera Woreda, Oromia Region, Ethiopia. Asian J Agric 4: 1-4. Beekeeping is an important source of livelihood and can be integrated with other agricultural activities. The objective of this study is to assess the profitability of beekeeping using locally built transitional topbar hive. Two-stage sampling procedure and stratified sampling technique used in the study. Primary and secondary data are collected analyzed using descriptive statistics and partial budgeting. The partial budgeting result reveals that beekeeping is profitable by using this hive with incremental net benefit of 462.12 ETB and the beekeepers increased their benefit from the hive by more than 2.9 fold by using this beehive as compared to traditional hive. The study concludes beekeeping with this hive can be profitable business for the marginal farmers who have little business capital and land resource. Moreover, income from a single bee colony at beekeeper?s backyard can be improved with minimum cost if this hive with its package used. The overall finding of this study mainly underlined the importance of extension support and technical back to the beekeepers to use this hive.
THE GROWTH AND YIELD PERFORMANCE OF TRUE SHALLOT SEED PRODUCTION IN CENTRAL SULAWESI, INDONESIA Saidah; Wahyuni, Andi Nirma; Muchtar; Suluk Padang, Irwan; Sutardi
Asian Journal of Agriculture Vol. 4 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity & Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/asianjagric/g040104

Abstract

Abstract. Saidah, Wahyuni AN, Muchtar, Padang IS, Sutardi. 2020. The growth and yield performance of true shallot seed production in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. Asian J Agric 4:  18-22. Shallot  (Allium ascalonicum L.) is a vegetable commodity that has high economic value and market prospects. So far, planting shallots using seeds from tubers, but planting onions with seeds is better and cost efficiency and seeds are healthier. The aim of this study was to determine the growth and yield performance of true shallot seed production in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. The study was conducted from May to September 2018 in Wuasa Village, North Lore Sub-district, Poso District at an altitude of 1083.7 meters above sea level. Research with an on farm research approach on farmer's land as a cooperator covering an area of ??3000 m2. The study used the Probability Sampling Method with 10 replications. The results showed that the growth and yield performance of true shallot seed in Central Sulawesi was quite high. This is due to the suitability of the climatic conditions and cultivation technology that has been applied. In the yield component, the percentage of flowering plants was quite high at 78% with a number of capsules/flowers at 80.67. The success of true shallot seed production is expected to be able to replace the source of seed from the tuber which has been containing viruses and diseases carried by the tuber seeds.
REVIEW: ILOILO’S BALUT INDUSTRY (PHILIPPINES)-AN EXPLORATION OF THE ENVIRONMENT, SOCIAL ORGANIZATIONS, AND CONSUMER DEMANDS De Vergara, Tisha Isabelle; Alejandria, Maria Carinnes; Lustañas, Bridgette
Asian Journal of Agriculture Vol. 4 No. 2 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity & Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/asianjagric/g040201

Abstract

Abstract. Vergara TID, Alejandria MC, Lustanas B. 2020. Review: Iloilo?s Balut Industry (Philippines)-An exploration of the environment, social organizations, and consumer demands. Asian J Agric 3: 41-51. The province of Iloilo has one of the highest numbers of small scale duck farms in the country. Its agricultural landscape has allowed the rise of farmers entering duck raising practices mainly along rice fields throughout the province. However, continuous interventions on the agricultural sector of Iloilo are directed at boosting economic growth. This paper provides a qualitative evaluation of the efficiency of current policies and implementation of rules and regulations on the duck and duck egg industry of the Province of Iloilo. Findings revealed the need to address issues on the production, distribution, and marketing of the duck and duck egg products of the province. Environmental conditions such as climate and water access, along with the role of social organizations, and impact of existing policies play a key role in the current trajectory of the Iloilo duck industry.
REVIEW: MARKET, CAPITAL, AND FOREIGN LABOR ACCESS FOR ALL THAI FARMERS Tanielian, Adam; Kampan, Palapan
Asian Journal of Agriculture Vol. 4 No. 2 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity & Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/asianjagric/g040202

Abstract

Abstract. Tanielian A. 2020. Review: Market, capital, and foreign labor access for all Thai farmers. Asian J Agric 3: 41-59. A quantitative study of agricultural economic indicators for Thailand, its provinces, and seventeen other countries show Thailand's agriculture sector desperately needs assistance to lift farmers out of poverty and Thailand out of the middle-income trap. Data shows diminishing activity in the agricultural sector may be harming productivity and growth. Prices and yields plateau and fall as producer costs increase and farm incomes remain among the lowest. In 2006 and 2014, the military ousted two Shinawatra Prime Ministers amid corruption and misappropriation scandals relating to failed agricultural subsidy schemes that cost the government billions of dollars while failing to substantially improve the situations of millions of smallholder farmers throughout the Kingdom. Analysis of primary data and literature suggest Thai farmers lack sufficient access to labor, capital, and markets that would give them the resources to improve farming methods, hire short-term labor, and ultimately rise in socioeconomic status along with the rest of the population. Recommendations include a series of government-sponsored and joint public-private initiatives that organize farmers into unions and connect them with human, financial, scientific, market, and educational resources via a range of mobile applications.
SIMPLE CARBON AND ORGANIC MATTER ADDITION IN ACID SULFATE SOILS AND TIME-DEPENDENT CHANGES IN PH AND REDOX UNDER VARYING MOISTURE REGIMES Michael, Patrick
Asian Journal of Agriculture Vol. 4 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity & Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/asianjagric/g040105

Abstract

Abstract. Michael PS. 2020. Simple carbon and organic matter addition in acid sulfate soils and time-dependent changes in pH and redox under varying moisture regimes. Asian J Agric 4: 23-29. It has been shown recently that addition of dead plant materials as organic matter in acid sulfate soils (ASS) creates microenvironments conducive for soil microbes to reduce the sulfate content and redox potential (Eh), thereby increasing the pH of sulfuric soil and sustaining the pH of sulfidic soil, respectively. The time course of effects of addition of organic matter however was not clearly established. This was study conducted to assess the time course of effect of soil carbon and organic matter following addition of glucose and acetate as carbon and lucerne hay as organic matter source, respectively. The conditions of the treatments were either anaerobic (flooded) or aerobic (under 75% field capacity). The results showed that the effects of addition of amendments on pH and Eh of ASS are immediate but treatment dependent. Organic matter as a multiple food sources for soil microbe was more effective in reducing the soil and increasing the pH of the sulfuric and the sulfidic soil, respectively. The effects of acetate were comparatively higher than glucose, dependent on the type of microbial ecology that was engaged by these resources being simple carbon sources. The overall increase in pH and reduction in Eh was immediate within the first three days but the changes in the soil properties measured were reversed over time. The reversal in the mechanism inducing the changes in pH and Eh ceased as the microbial metabolic resources used as metabolic substrate to generate alkalinity got depleted.

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