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Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research

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Published by Universitas Sriwijaya

ISSN : - EISSN : 25980580 DOI : -

Core Subject : Health, Science,

Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience

BioScientia Medicina is an open access international scholarly journal in the field of biomedicine and translational research aimed to publish a high-quality scientific paper including original research papers, reviews, short communication, and technical notes. This journal welcomes the submission of articles that offering a sensible transfer of basic research to applied clinical medicine. BioScientia Medicina covers the latest developments in various fields of biomedicine with special attention to medical sciences, Traditional Herb, genetics, immunology, environmental health, toxicology, bioinformatics and biotechnology as well as multidisciplinary studies. The views of experts on current advances in nanotechnology and molecular/cell biology will be also considered for publication as long as they have a direct clinical impact on human health.

Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Anatomi

Articles 1,209 Documents

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The Nexus of Neuroinflammation and Psychopathology in Neuropsychiatric Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (NPSLE): A Meta-Analysis of Anti-NMDAR, Anti-Ribosomal P Antibodies, and Psychosomatic Manifestations (Depression, Anxiety, Cognitive Dysfunction) Anggi Setiawan; Arina Widya Murni
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 9 No. 8 (2025): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v9i8.1357

Background: Neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE) significantly impacts patients through diverse neurological and psychiatric symptoms, including prevalent psychosomatic manifestations like depression, anxiety, and cognitive dysfunction. Specific autoantibodies, such as anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) and anti-ribosomal P protein (anti-RP) antibodies, are implicated in its complex neuroinflammatory pathogenesis. This meta-analysis aimed to quantitatively assess the association between these autoantibodies and these key psychosomatic outcomes in NPSLE. Methods: A systematic literature search of PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and PsycINFO (2014-2024) identified observational studies reporting on anti-NMDAR or anti-RP antibodies and depression, anxiety, or cognitive dysfunction in adult NPSLE patients. Data from six eligible studies (850 patients) were extracted and quality was assessed. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) or standardized mean differences (SMDs) were calculated using a random-effects model, with heterogeneity and publication bias evaluated. Results: Anti-NMDAR antibody positivity was significantly associated with increased odds of cognitive dysfunction (OR = 2.85, 95% CI = 1.90-4.28). Anti-RP antibody positivity was significantly linked to increased odds of depression (OR = 3.20, 95% CI = 2.15-4.76) and anxiety (OR = 2.50, 95% CI = 1.65-3.78). Moderate heterogeneity was noted for some analyses. Conclusion: This meta-analysis highlights distinct associations: anti-NMDAR antibodies with cognitive dysfunction, and anti-RP antibodies with depression and anxiety in NPSLE. These findings underscore the potential role of these autoantibodies in specific psychosomatic symptom clusters, guiding further research and clinical consideration in NPSLE management.

A Distinctive Clinical Phenotype of Discoid Lupus Erythematosus in Papuanese Women: A 5-Year Analysis of Dyspigmentation, Scarring, and Malar Predilection Inneke Viviane Sumolang; Astrina Rosaria Indah; Timothy Verellino Reba; Aryani Adji; Paulus Mario Christopher
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 9 No. 8 (2025): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v9i8.1358

Background: Discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE), the most common form of chronic cutaneous lupus, exhibits significant clinical variability influenced by ethnicity. While disparities in presentation are recognized, data from unique indigenous populations such as the Papuanese in East Indonesia remain scarce. This study aimed to characterize the clinical and sociodemographic features of DLE in this specific cohort to identify its potentially distinctive phenotype. Methods: A five-year retrospective analysis of clinical databases was conducted at the Department of Dermatology and Venereology at a tertiary referral hospital in Jayapura, Papua, Indonesia. All patients clinically diagnosed with DLE by board-certified dermatovenereologists between January 2019 and December 2023 were included. Sociodemographic and clinical data, including lesion morphology, location, and management, were systematically collected and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: A total of 22 patients meeting the criteria were identified. The cohort demonstrated remarkable homogeneity; all patients were of Papuanese ethnicity and female (100.0%). The majority were in the 26-35 age group (40.9%), with a mean age of 29.4 years, and half were farmers (50.0%). Clinically, lesions were universally present on the nose and/or malar area (100.0%). The most common morphological triad was dyspigmentation, scarring, and telangiectasia, observed in 81.8% of patients. All patients reported photosensitivity and were managed with photoprotection and topical steroids. Conclusion: DLE I n Papuanese women presents as a distinctive, highly uniform clinical phenotype characterized by an exclusive female predilection, a strong association with sun exposure, and a universal malar distribution with a high propensity for disfiguring dyspigmentation and scarring. These findings underscore the necessity of culturally competent, early, and aggressive management strategies to mitigate long-term sequelae in this vulnerable population.

Awake Intubation for a Predicted Difficult Airway in a Patient with Giant Goiter-Induced Tracheomalacia: A Case Report Indriani, Andi Riza Mirda; Diana Masjkur; Novita Anggraeni
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 9 No. 8 (2025): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v9i8.1359

Background: The management of a predicted difficult airway in patients with giant goiters presents a significant anesthetic challenge. Chronic tracheal compression can lead to secondary tracheomalacia, a condition characterized by tracheal weakness that can precipitate catastrophic airway collapse upon induction of general anesthesia. We present a case where a high index of suspicion for tracheomalacia guided the decision to perform awake tracheal intubation. Case presentation: A 22-year-old female presented with a massive, non-toxic nodular goiter that had been growing for eight years, causing significant positional dyspnea. Airway assessment revealed a 10x10 cm neck mass with tracheal deviation, indicating a high risk for difficult intubation and ventilation. Preoperative suspicion of tracheomalasia was high due to symptoms and chronicity. The airway was secured using awake intubation with topical and intravenous lidocaine prior to the induction of general anesthesia. The patient underwent a total thyroidectomy. Intraoperative palpation confirmed flaccid tracheal rings, supporting the diagnosis. The endotracheal tube was retained postoperatively, and the patient was monitored in the intensive care unit. She was successfully extubated on the third postoperative day without complications. Conclusion: This case underscores the critical importance of maintaining a high index of suspicion for tracheomalacia in patients with long-standing, giant goiters. Awake tracheal intubation is a cornerstone technique, providing a safe and effective method to secure the airway while preserving spontaneous ventilation, thereby mitigating the risk of life-threatening airway obstruction. A meticulous, multidisciplinary perioperative plan is paramount for optimal patient outcomes.

Cardiac Myosin Inhibitors in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: A Head-to-Head Network Meta-Analysis of Mavacamten and Aficamten Imran Saleh; Syamsu Indra; Yenny Dian Andayani; Rukiah Chodilawati; Yuniza
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 9 No. 8 (2025): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v9i8.1360

Background: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a genetic disorder characterized by myocardial hypercontractility. Mavacamten and aficamten are first-in-class cardiac myosin inhibitors that have demonstrated efficacy in treating obstructive HCM. However, in the absence of direct head-to-head randomized controlled trials (RCTs), their comparative effectiveness and safety remain unquantified. We aimed to indirectly compare the efficacy and safety of mavacamten and aficamten in patients with obstructive HCM. Methods: We conducted a systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis of RCTs. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from inception to December 2024. Eligible studies were RCTs comparing mavacamten or aficamten with placebo in adults with obstructive HCM. The primary efficacy outcomes were the change from baseline in post-exercise left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) gradient and the change in peak oxygen consumption (pVO₂). The primary safety outcome was the incidence of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) reduction to <50%. Results: Seven RCTs involving 1,025 patients were included. In the network meta-analysis, both aficamten (Mean Difference [MD], -50.8 mmHg; 95% Credible Interval [CrI], -61.2 to -40.4) and mavacamten (MD, -44.9 mmHg; 95% CrI, -53.7 to -36.1) were significantly more effective than placebo in reducing post-exercise LVOT gradient. The indirect comparison between the two agents did not reveal a statistically significant difference (MD, -5.9 mmHg; 95% CrI, -17.8 to 6.0). For pVO₂, both mavacamten and aficamten showed significant improvement over placebo, with no significant difference between them. The odds of LVEF dropping below 50% were numerically higher with mavacamten compared to aficamten, but the difference was not statistically significant (Odds Ratio [OR], 1.52; 95% CrI, 0.65 to 3.54). Conclusion: Mavacamten and aficamten are both highly effective in improving hemodynamic and functional parameters in patients with obstructive HCM. While our indirect comparison did not establish the superiority of one agent over the other, it provides foundational evidence for clinicians. Definitive conclusions await direct head-to-head clinical trials.

Unmasking the Primary: The Role of 99mTc-Sestamibi SPECT/CT in a Case of Carcinoma of Unknown Primary with Suspected Lung Origin Jessica Ubercaprita; Endah Indriani Wahyono; Mas Adi Sunardi; Herry Herman; Bethy Suryawathy Hernowo; Basuki Hidayat
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 9 No. 8 (2025): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v9i8.1361

Background: Carcinoma of unknown primary (CUP) is a challenging clinical diagnosis, representing histologically confirmed metastatic cancer where the primary tumor site remains unidentified after a standard diagnostic workup. While 18F-FDG PET/CT is recommended by current guidelines, its accessibility is limited in many regions. This report explores the diagnostic utility of Technetium-99m (99mTc)-Sestamibi Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography/Computed Tomography (SPECT/CT) as a valuable alternative. Case presentation: A 67-year-old female presented with musculoskeletal pain. A biopsy of a right ulnar lesion confirmed metastatic carcinoma. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) suggested a possible primary from the lung, breast, or upper gastrointestinal tract. Due to the unavailability of 18F-FDG PET/CT, a 99mTc-Sestamibi whole-body scan with SPECT/CT was performed. The scan identified a metabolically active, malignant-appearing nodule in segment 6 of the left lung and confirmed widespread skeletal metastases. Although a lung biopsy was not feasible due to limited access, the patient was treated with a lung cancer protocol. This resulted in significant clinical improvement. Conclusion: 99mTc-Sestamibi SPECT/CT served as a critical diagnostic tool in this case of CUP. It successfully identified a suspected pulmonary primary, enabling targeted therapy and leading to a positive clinical outcome. This case highlights the modality's efficacy as a tumor-seeking agent and underscores its essential role in the diagnostic armamentarium for CUP, particularly in resource-limited healthcare settings.

The Predictive Value of Sperm Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number on Male Infertility: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Aghnia Yuslicha Yuniar; Dwi Ari Pujianto
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 9 No. 8 (2025): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v9i8.1362

Background: The integrity and quantity of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in spermatozoa are considered critical for male reproductive potential. While qualitative damage like deletions has been linked to infertility, the significance of quantitative changes, specifically mtDNA copy number (mtDNAcn), remains debated. This study aimed to systematically review and meta-analyze the existing evidence to determine the association between sperm mtDNAcn and male infertility. Methods: We conducted a systematic search of PubMed, Science Direct, and Scopus databases for observational studies published between January 2014 and December 2024. The search included studies that compared sperm mtDNAcn between infertile men, who were diagnosed with conditions such as oligozoospermia, asthenozoospermia, and teratozoospermia, and normozoospermic fertile controls. Data were pooled using a random-effects model to calculate the standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Heterogeneity was assessed using the I² statistic. Results: Seven case-control studies comprising 658 infertile men and 612 normozoospermic controls met the inclusion criteria. The quality of the included studies was moderate to high. The pooled data revealed that sperm mtDNAcn was significantly higher in infertile men compared to fertile controls (SMD = 1.28, 95% CI: 0.81 to 1.75, p < 0.00001). Significant heterogeneity was observed among the studies (I² = 88%, p<0.00001). Subgroup analysis based on infertility phenotype showed a consistently elevated mtDNAcn across oligozoospermia, asthenozoospermia, and oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (OATs). The funnel plot was largely symmetrical, and Egger’s test showed no significant evidence of publication bias (p = 0.12). Conclusion: This meta-analysis provides strong evidence that an elevated sperm mtDNA copy number is significantly associated with male infertility. This quantitative alteration may serve as a crucial biomarker for assessing sperm quality and spermatogenic dysfunction. The findings suggest that increased mtDNAcn likely represents a compensatory response to underlying mitochondrial defects and oxidative stress, warranting further investigation into its clinical utility for diagnosing and managing male infertility.

Unmasking Occult Malignancy: The Pivotal Role of the Peripheral Blood Smear in the Initial Diagnosis of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Agustinus Sigit Pamungkas; Enny
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 9 No. 8 (2025): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v9i8.1363

Background: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a common hematologic malignancy in adults, frequently discovered incidentally through routine blood tests due to its often nonspecific clinical presentation. In resource-limited settings, fundamental laboratory investigations are crucial for initiating the diagnostic pathway. This report illustrates the critical diagnostic value of the complete blood count and peripheral blood smear in identifying CLL in a patient presenting with vague constitutional symptoms. Case presentation: A 43-year-old female with a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus presented to a rural hospital with a one-month history of debilitating fatigue, intermittent fever, and loss of appetite. Physical and radiological examinations were unremarkable. However, initial hematological analysis revealed marked leukocytosis (77,910/μL), mild anemia, and thrombocytopenia (54,000/μL). A peripheral blood smear was pivotal, showing an absolute lymphocytosis of 90% with mature-appearing lymphocytes, pleomorphism, and characteristic smudge cells. Following referral, definitive diagnosis was established through flow cytometry, which confirmed a clonal B-cell population (CD19+, CD5+, CD23+, dim CD20+). Bone marrow examination showed extensive infiltration, and molecular studies revealed an unmutated IGHV gene status, placing the patient in a high-risk prognostic category. Conclusion: This case underscores that even in the absence of advanced diagnostic facilities, a meticulous evaluation of the peripheral blood smear is a powerful and essential tool for unmasking serious underlying hematologic malignancies like CLL. It enables early suspicion, appropriate patient referral, and timely initiation of management, thereby significantly impacting patient outcomes.

Elevated Fibroblast Growth Factor-23 as an Independent Predictor of All-Cause Mortality, Cardiovascular Events, and Progression to ESRD in Pre-Dialysis CKD: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Sri Puji Rahayuningsih; Drajad Priyono; Harnavi Harun; Deka Viotra
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 9 No. 8 (2025): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v9i8.1364

Background: Fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF23) is a central hormone in mineral metabolism, with levels rising early in chronic kidney disease (CKD). While its role in the pathophysiology of CKD–Mineral and Bone Disorder (CKD-MBD) is established, its independent prognostic value for adverse outcomes in the pre-dialysis population remains a subject of intense investigation. We aimed to systematically quantify the association between elevated FGF23 levels and the risks of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular (CV) events, and progression to End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) in patients with pre-dialysis CKD. Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis following PRISMA guidelines. A comprehensive search of PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library was performed for prospective cohort studies published between January 2014 and December 2024 that evaluated the prognostic value of FGF23 in adult, pre-dialysis CKD patients. The primary outcomes were all-cause mortality, a composite of major cardiovascular events, and progression to ESRD. Hazard Ratios (HRs) were pooled using a random-effects model. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I² statistic, and publication bias was evaluated with funnel plots and Egger's test. Results: Seven prospective cohort studies involving 14,882 patients were included. The analysis revealed that elevated FGF23 was a significant independent predictor for all three outcomes. The pooled HR for all-cause mortality was 1.42 (95% CI: 1.28–1.58; I²=72%), for cardiovascular events was 1.39 (95% CI: 1.21–1.59; I²=78%), and for progression to ESRD was 1.55 (95% CI: 1.35–1.78; I²=65%). The associations remained significant after adjustment for traditional CKD-MBD markers and renal function in the primary studies. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of these findings. Conclusion: This meta-analysis provides strong evidence that elevated FGF23 is a potent and independent predictor of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular events, and progression to ESRD in the pre-dialysis CKD population. These findings underscore the potential utility of FGF23 as a key biomarker for risk stratification and suggest it may be a critical therapeutic target to improve outcomes in this vulnerable population.

Systemic Inflammatory Response and Chemotherapy Efficacy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: An Analysis of the Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio as a Predictive Biomarker Sudarto; Ade Pratama Heriansa
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 9 No. 8 (2025): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v9i8.1365

Background The variable response to chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) necessitates accessible biomarkers for prognostic stratification. The platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), a marker of systemic inflammation, is a promising candidate. This study evaluates the predictive value of pre-treatment PLR for chemotherapy response in an Indonesian NSCLC cohort, a population underrepresented in biomarker research. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 59 adult patients with advanced-stage NSCLC at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital, Palembang, Indonesia. Patients receiving first-line platinum-based chemotherapy were included. The association between baseline hematological markers and chemotherapy response (Partial Response [PR], Stable Disease [SD], Progressive Disease [PD]) was analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test, with Dunn's test for post-hoc comparisons. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to determine the predictive accuracy and an optimal cut-off value for PLR. Results: Statistically significant differences in median PLR were found across all response groups (p-value <0.0001). Post-hoc analysis confirmed a graded response, with the PLR of the PD group being significantly higher than that of both the SD and PR groups. ROC analysis demonstrated good predictive accuracy for PLR in discriminating responders (PR) from non-responders (SD+PD), yielding an Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 0.86. A PLR cut-off of 185 was identified, showing high sensitivity and specificity. Conclusion: In this cohort, pre-treatment PLR was a statistically robust predictor of chemotherapy response, with a clear dose-response relationship and good predictive accuracy. PLR reflects the crucial balance between tumor-driven inflammation and host immunity, and its elevation signals a biological state that is resistant to standard chemotherapy. This simple, inexpensive biomarker holds considerable potential as a component of a multi-faceted prognostic model for NSCLC.

Giant Gastric GIST Manifesting as Profound Iron Deficiency Anemia: A Case Report of a Diagnostic Pitfall Suri Hanifa Efendi; Saptino Miro
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 9 No. 8 (2025): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v9i8.1366

Background: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract, yet they remain rare, particularly in patients under 40. Their clinical presentation is highly variable, often posing a diagnostic challenge. Severe anemia as the initial manifestation is common, but diagnostic confusion with benign lesions on initial biopsy is a significant clinical pitfall. Case presentation: A 39-year-old male presented with a three-month history of epigastric pain, early satiety, significant weight loss, and profound fatigue. His initial hemoglobin was a life-threatening 3.8 g/dL, consistent with profound iron deficiency anemia. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) revealed a large, partially obstructing mass in the gastric corpus. However, initial endoscopic biopsies were paradoxically reported as a benign hyperplastic polyp. In contrast, contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen characterized a massive, 9.9 x 7.3 x 13.5 cm heterogeneously enhancing mass suggestive of malignancy. Given the stark discrepancy between imaging and histology, a decision was made for surgical intervention. The patient underwent a total gastrectomy. Final histopathological analysis of the resected specimen, supported by immunohistochemistry, confirmed a high-risk gastrointestinal stromal tumor with a high mitotic rate. Conclusion: This case underscores the critical importance of maintaining a high index of suspicion for GIST in patients with unexplained iron deficiency anemia, even in younger age groups. It highlights the potential for sampling error with endoscopic biopsies of large submucosal tumors, which can lead to dangerously misleading diagnoses. Clinicians must integrate clinical, radiological, and endoscopic findings to guide management, especially when histopathological results are incongruent with the overall clinical picture.

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