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JURNAL BUDIDAYA PERTANIAN
Published by Universitas Pattimura
ISSN : 18584322     EISSN : 2620892X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
JURNAL BUDIDAYA PERTANIAN (Journal of Agriculture) first published in 2003 by the Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Pattimura University. Jurnal Budidaya Pertanian is an official publication of the Agriculture Faculty, Pattimura University, publishes primary research paper, review article, policy analysis, and research notes and preliminary results in all areas of agronomy. Manuscripts could be written either in English or in Indonesia.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 170 Documents
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Pengujian Karakter-Karakter Kuantitatif Tajuk dan Umbi Klon-Klon Ubi Jalar (Ipomea batatas L.) Asal Maluku Genesis Pattiserlihun; Meitty L Hehanussa
JURNAL BUDIDAYA PERTANIAN Vol 15 No 1 (2019): Jurnal Budidaya Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/jbdp.2019.15.1.21

Abstract

This study aimed to examine the quantitative characters of crowns and tuber of sweet potato clones from Maluku. The research was conducted on the field near the building of the Research Institute of Pattimura University, in Rumahtiga Village, from March to August 2017. This research was done as a single factor experiment, that tested 21 sweet potato clones. The experimental design used was a completely randomized block design. The experiment was conducted with 3 replications so that there were 63 experimental units. Data analysis was carried out by analysis of variance with the F test, and if there was a significant effect, the analysis was continued with the Duncan New Multiple Range Test at an α = 0,05. The variables observed included stem length, number of green leaves, stem length, individual leaf area, number of branches, length of the tuber, tuber diameter, number of tuber per plant and weight of fresh storage roots per plant. From this study, it was found that vegetative variables including stem segment length, number of branches, number of leaves and leaf area showed very significant differences among 19 local clones of sweet potatoes from Maluku and 2 clones of national superior varieties tested. Yield variables of tuber length, tuber number per plant and fresh tuber weight per plant showed very significant differences among 19 local sweet potato clones from Maluku and two national superior varieties clones tested, meanwhile tuber diameter showed significant differences. B9, BR5, H1, A13, AR1, and A15 clones produced average fresh tuber weight per plant above the national varieties of Cilembu and Antin 2. Keywords: local clones, Maluku, sweet potato, vegetative character, yield ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji karakter-karakter kuantitatif tajuk dan umbi klon-klon ubi jalar asal Maluku. Penelitian dilaksanakan di lahan di belakang gedung Lembaga Penelitian Universitas Patimura Ambon, Desa Rumahtiga pada bulan Maret sampai bulan Agustus 2017. Percobaan ini merupakan percobaan faktor tunggal, yaitu pengujian 21 klon ubi jalar. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap berblok. Percobaan dilakukan dengan 3 ulangan, sehingga terdapat 63 satuan percobaan. Analisis data pengamatan dilakukan dengan analysis of variance dengan uji F, dan apabila terdapat pengaruh yang nyata maka analisis diteruskan dengan uji lanjut menggunakan uji pembandingan rata-rata Duncan New Multiple Range Test pada taraf nyata α = 0,05. Peubah-peubah yang diamati meliputi panjang ruas batang, jumlah daun hijau, panjang batang, luas individu daun, jumlah cabang, panjang umbi, diameter umbi, jumlah umbi per tanaman dan bobot umbi segar per tanaman. Dari penelitian ini didapatkan bahwa peubah-peubah vegetatif yang meliputi panjang ruas batang, panjang batang, jumlah cabang, jumlah daun dan luas daun menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang sangat nyata di antara 19 klon lokal ubi jalar asal Maluku dan dua klon varietas unggul nasional yang diuji. Peubah-peubah produksi panjang umbi, jumlah umbi per tanaman dan berat umbi segar per tanaman menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang sangat nyata di antara 19 klon lokal ubi jalar asal Maluku dan dua klon varietas unggul nasional yang diuji, sedangkan diameter umbi menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang nyata. Klon-klon B9, BR5, H1, A13, AR1 dan A15 menghasilkan rata-rata berat umbi segar per tanaman di atas varietas nasional Cilembu dan Antin 2. Kata kunci: karakter vegetatif, klon-klon lokal, produksi, ubi jalar, Maluku
Produktivitas Cengkih Hutan (Syzygium obtusifolium L.) di Kecamatan Leihitu Kabupaten Maluku Tengah Herman Rehatta; Dessy A Marasabessy; Safril H Sopalauw
JURNAL BUDIDAYA PERTANIAN Vol 15 No 1 (2019): Jurnal Budidaya Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/jbdp.2019.15.1.31

Abstract

Clove trees (Syzygium obtusifolium L.) have a significant role in supporting efforts to increase state revenue. The purpose of this study was to obtain a productivity data of the forest clove in the Leihitu Sub-district, Central Maluku District, from a case study in Hitu Lama, Hitu Mesing, Mamala, and Morela villages. The research method used was a survey method. The results showed that variations in the yield level in each study location were influenced by the factor of the proportion of immature trees, productive trees, and damaged old trees. The average productivity of forest clove in the study location was 5603.5 kg/ha or equivalent to 5.6 tons/ha. Keywords: forest clove, production, productivity, tree conditions ABSTRAK Tanaman cengkih (Syzygium obtusifolium L.) mempunyai peranan yang cukup besar dalam menunjang upaya peningkatan pendapatan negara. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan data produktivitas cengkih hutan di kecamatan Leihitu Kabupaten Maluku Tengah, dari studi kasus di desa-desa Hitu Lama, Hitu Mesing, Mamala, dan Morela. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode survey. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya variasi tingkat produksi pada masing-masing lokasi penelitian, dipengaruhi oleh faktor proporsi tanaman belum menghasilkan, tanaman menghasilkan, dan tanaman tua rusak. Menunjukkan rata-rata produktivitas cengkih hutan di lokasi penelitian adalah 5603,5 kg/ha atau setara dengan 5,6 ton/ha. Kata Kunci: cengkih hutan, produksi, produktivitas, kondisi tanaman
Pengaruh Curah Hujan dalam Pembentukan Bunga dan Buah Jambu Bol (Syzygium malaccense) Kuswandi Kuswandi; Mega Andini; Sri Hadiati
JURNAL BUDIDAYA PERTANIAN Vol 15 No 1 (2019): Jurnal Budidaya Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/jbdp.2019.15.1.38

Abstract

Information about the flowering and fruiting of Syzygium malaccense is required in production planning and plant maintenance. The research objective was to study the effects of rainfall on the formation of flowers and fruits of S. malaccense. The research was conducted at the Aripan Experimental Garden, Indonesian Tropical Fruit Research Institute, from August 2015 till February 2016. Observations were made on three flowering periods. This research was a descriptive experiment, the results were shown in the form of the average data and growth charts. Flowering initiation of S. malaccense was stimulated by the length of the dry period. The highest percentage of fallen out flowers occurs during the rainy season. Fruit size increases along with heavy rainfall. Total soluble solids decrease when rainfall is high. Keywords: flowering, rainfall, Syzygium malaccense ABSTRAK Informasi tentang pembungaan dan perkembangan buah jambu bol dibutuhkan dalam merencanakan produksi dan perawatan tanaman. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari pengaruh curah hujan pada pembentukan bunga dan buah jambu bol. Penelitian telah dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Aripan Balai Penelitian Tanaman Buah Tropika, dari Bulan Agustus 2015 sampai dengan Februari 2016. Pengamatan dilakukan pada tiga periode pembungaan. Kegiatan ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif, hasil penelitian ditampilkan dalam bentuk rataan dan grafik pertumbuhan. Inisiasi pembungaan pada tanaman jambu bol dirangsang oleh lamanya periode kering. Kerontokan bunga tertinggi terjadi selama musim hujan. Nilai total padatan terlarut menurun ketika curah hujan tinggi. Kata Kunci: curah hujan, jambu bol, pembungaan
Pengembangan Padi Sawah Melalui Pendekatan Pengelolaan Ramah Lingkungan di Kabupaten Merauke Fransiskus Palobo; Siska Tirajoh; Muhammad Thamrin
JURNAL BUDIDAYA PERTANIAN Vol 15 No 1 (2019): Jurnal Budidaya Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/jbdp.2019.15.1.44

Abstract

Most of the paddy rice farmers have not provided an appropriate response to the innovation of environmentally friendly rice management, because the ability or capacity owned by farmers has not been able to support the production of environmentally friendly and sustainable farming products. The capacity of farmers to manage environmentally friendly paddy rice is closely related to individual behavior towards technological innovations that are applied and disseminated. This study aims to determine the productivity of paddy rice with an environmentally friendly management approach. The research was conducted in Merauke Regency, Papua Province, from July to November 2018 during the gadu planting season (MT II). The design used was a factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 4 child factors, each variety used was Bawor 9, Black Madras, M70, Sertani 8. The results showed that the treatment of four varieties differed on plant height, number of tillers , panicle length, weight 1000 Grains, harvest grain weight, grain dry grain weight, empty grain amount, rice grain amount and heavy stover. Keywords: Management, Paddy rice, Environmental friendly Sebagian besar petani padi sawah belum memberikan respon yang tepat atas inovasi pengelolaan sawah yang ramah lingkungan, karena kemampuan atau kapasitas yang dimiliki petani belum mampu mendukung dalam menghasilkan produk-produk usahatani yang ramah lingkungan dan berkelanjutan. Kapasitas petani dalam mengelola padi sawah ramah lingkungan berhubungan erat dengan perilaku individu terhadap inovasi teknologi yang diterapkan dan didesiminasikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui produktivitas padi sawah dengan pendekatan pengelolaan ramah lingkungan. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Merauke Provinsi Papua sejak bulan Juli sampai Nopember 2018 pada musim tanam gadu (MT II). Rancangan yang digunakan yaitu Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) satu faktorial dengan 4 anak faktor, masing-masing varietas yang digunakan yaitu Bawor 9, Black Madras, M70, Sertani 8. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa perlakuan empat varietas memberikan perbedaan terhadap tinggi tanaman, jumlah anakan, panjang malai, bobot 1000 butir, bobot gabah panen, bobot gabah kering giling, jumlah gabah hampa, jumlah gabah bernas dan berat brangkasan. Kata Kunci : Pengelolaan, Padi Sawah, Ramah Lingkungan
Keragaan Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Berbasis Padi Gogo pada Lahan Kering di Maluku Irfan Ohorella; Sheny Kaihatu; Edwen D Waas
JURNAL BUDIDAYA PERTANIAN Vol 15 No 1 (2019): Jurnal Budidaya Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/jbdp.2019.15.1.51

Abstract

Upland rice-based cropping pattern is a form of multiple cropping including intercropping, sequential planting, and relay planting where upland rice as a base crop can be preceded and/or rotated with other food crops as a secondary crop. The research was aimed to provide recommendations for upland rice-based cropping pattern technology in dryland agroecosystems in Maluku that would be able to increase land productivity > 1.00 (MCI = Multiple Cropping Index > 100%) compared to existing cropping patterns. The study used a Randomized Block Design (RCBD) with four treatments and repeated five times (farmers as replications). Four treatments for upland rice-based planting pattern technology assemblies, namely: 1) Pattern-A (Farmer A Pattern); 2) Pattern-B (Farmer B Planting Pattern B); 3) Pattern C (Farmer Improvement Cropping Pattern); and 4) Pattern D (Introduced Plant Pattern). The results showed that upland rice was planted double (multiple cropping) through intercropping and/or sequential cropping, namely Improved Cropping Patterns (Pattern C = Upland Rice + Corn - Peanuts) and Introducing Cropping Patterns (Pattern D = Upland Rice + Corn/Cassava - Green Beans - Peanuts) can increase land productivity with a double-cropping index 1.35 - 1.80 (IPG = 135% - 180%) compared to upland rice grown in monoculture (Farming Patterns). Multiple cropping (Upland Rice + Corn/Cassava - Green Beans - Peanuts) can be recommended as Upland Rice-Based Planting Technology Package on dry land in Maluku, because it can increase land productivity> 1.00 with an MCI (Multiple Cropping Index) of 180%. Keywords: dry land, performance, upland rice ABSTRAK Pola Tanam berbasis padi gogo merupakan bentuk pola bertanam ganda meliputi tumpangsari, tumpang gilir (runtun) dan tanaman sisipan dimana padi gogo sebagai komoditi pokok (base crop) yang bisa didahului dan atau digilir dengan tanaman pangan lainnya sebagai komoditi ikutan (secondary crop). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatan rekomendasi paket teknologi pola tanam berbasis padi gogo pada agroekosistem lahan kering di Maluku yang mampu meningkatan produktivitas lahan > 1.00 (IPG = Indeks Pertanaman Ganda >100 %) dibandingkan dengan pola tanam petani eksisting. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan empat macam perlakuan dan diulang lima kali (petani sebagai ulangan). Empat perlakukan rakitan teknologi pola tanam berbasis padi gogo, yaitu: 1) Pola-A (Pola Tanam Petani A); 2) Pola-B (Pola Tanam Petani B); 3) Pola C (Pola Tanam Petani Perbaikan); dan 4) Pola D (Pola Tanaman Introduksi). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa padi gogo ditanam secara ganda (multiple cropping) melalui tumpangsari dan atau tumpanggilir, yaitu Pola Tanam Petani Perbaikan (Pola C = Padi Gogo + Jagung - Kacang Tanah) dan Pola Tanam Introduksi (Pola D = Padi Gogo + Jagung/Ubikayu - Kacang Hijau - Kacang Tanah) dapat meningkatkan produktivitas lahan 1.35 – 1.80 (IPG = 135% - 180%) dibandingkan jika padi gogo ditanam secara monokultur (Pola Tanam Petani). Pola bertanam ganda (Padi Gogo+Jagung/Ubikayu - Kacang Hijau - Kacang Tanah) dapat direkomendasikan sebagai Paket Teknologi Pola Tanam Berbasis Padi Gogo pada lahan kering di Maluku, karena dapat meningkatkan produktivitas lahan >1.00 dengan nilai IPG (Indeks Pertanaman Ganda) 180%. Kata Kunci: keragaan, lahan kering, padi gogo
Preferensi Serangga Herbivora Henosepilachna sp (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) terhadap Beberapa Jenis Tanaman Budidaya Rein Estefanus Senewe
JURNAL BUDIDAYA PERTANIAN Vol 15 No 1 (2019): Jurnal Budidaya Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/jbdp.2019.15.1.61

Abstract

Herbivorous insects and plants have a very complex interaction relationship, where plants play an important role in shaping the behavior and development of herbivorous insects. Nutrients contained in plants in the form of secondary compounds also determine whether or not plants were selected by insects. The objective of the research was to study the preferences of Henosepilachna sparsa herbivorous insects on several cultivated plants. The study was conducted in October 2013 at the Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Bogor Agricultural University. The steps of the experiments were: a) Extracting plant materials such as takokak, eggplant, tomatoes, and broccoli using hexane and methanol solvents; and b) imago H. sparsa preference of plant was takokak plant extract with methanol solvent, takokak plant material with Hexane solvent, tomato plant with Methanol solvent, tomato plant material with Hexane solvent, eggplant plant material with Methanol solvent, eggplant material with Hexane solvent, broccoli with Methanol solvent), broccoli plant material with Hexane solvent was carried out using a three-branched olfactometer (Y form). Imago H. sparsa of plant extract was taken from around the taro plant in Bogor. The results of the study show that the imago H. sparsa insect preference test for extraction of test plants using hexane solvents was better than methanol solvents. Extraction of eggplant plants with hexane solvents has the highest retention value (Rf) of 0.751 cm with the assumption that the higher the Rf value, the more metabolites are detected. Keywords: allelochemics, attractants, broccoli, eggplant, repellent, tomatoes, takokak ABSTRAK Serangga herbivora dan tanaman memiliki hubungan interaksi yang sangat kompleks, dimana tanaman mempunyai peran yang penting dalam membentuk perilaku dan perkembangan serangga herbivora. Nutrisi yang dikandung tanaman berupa senyawa sekunder juga menentukan dipilih atau tidak dipilih suatu tanaman oleh serangga. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mempelajari preferensi serangga herbivora Henosepilachna sparsa pada beberapa tanaman budidaya. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Oktober 2013 di Laboratorium Toksikologi, Departemen Proteksi Tanaman Fakultas Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor. Tahapan penelitian meliputi: a) Ekstraksi bahan-bahan tanaman seperti takokak, terung, tomat, dan brokoli dengan menggunakan pelarut heksana dan metanol; dan b) Preferensi imago H. Sparsa terhadap ekstrak bahan tanaman takokak dengan pelarut Metanol, bahan tanaman takokak dengan pelarut Heksana, bahan tanaman tomat dengan pelarut Metanol, bahan tanaman tomat dengan pelarut Heksana, bahan tanaman terung dengan pelarut Metanol, bahan tanaman terung dengan pelarut Heksana, bahan tanaman brokoli dengan pelarut Metanol, bahan tanaman brokoli dengan pelarut Heksana dilakukan menggunakan olfaktometer yang bercabang tiga (bentuk Y). Imago H. sparsa diambil dari sekitar pertanaman talas di Bogor. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa uji preferensi serangga imago H. sparsa terhadap ekstraks tanaman uji menggunakan pelarut heksana lebih baik dari pelarut metanol. Ekstraksi tanaman terung dengan pelarut heksana memiliki nilai retensi tertinggi (Rf) 0,751 cm dengan dugaan bahwa semakin tinggi nilai Rf maka semakin banyak senyawa metabolit yang terdeteksi. Kata Kunci: allelokemik, atraktan, brokoli, repelen, takokak, terung, tomat
Karakteristik Fisik Tanah Menurut Tipe Penggunaan Lahan di Negeri Tawiri Sesuai Tata Ruang Kota Ambon Parmenas G Kastanya; Conradus Ufie; Ferad Puturuhu
JURNAL BUDIDAYA PERTANIAN Vol 15 No 2 (2019): Jurnal Budidaya Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/jbdp.2019.15.2.68

Abstract

This study aims to identify land-use changes and soil physical characteristics and to determine the suitability of present land use in Tawiri to Ambon City Spatial Planning. This research was carried out in the Tawiri Village (Negeri) of Ambon City in June-July 2018 by using a survey method with transect/lane observation distance that was made to cut the types of land use in the area according to Ambon City Spatial Planning. The results of this study are 1) the types of land use found in the five transect lines at Tawiri Village research sites were: secondary dryland forests, mixed dryland agriculture, dryland agriculture, grass/shrubs, settlements, sago, and mangrove areas; 2) physical characteristics of soil and environment showed differences in land use types and soil physical properties, namely: land with altitude ± 45-335 m above sea level, hilly/mountainous land forms, hill and mountain reliefs, slopes between 20°-220° (2- 25%), had ± three layers of soil with varying depths of 0-> 40 cm; had soil characteristics of 2.5 YR (red) and 7.5 YR (red, reddish yellow, brown to strong brown); textures of clay, clay sand and sandy clay; classified as humid; pH 6-7; and had a distribution of organic materials which varied from low to high; and 3) The actual land use that was the same as that of the spatial designation in Tawiri Village was mostly almost suitable, those who were not suitable were the settlements which were around 78% in the coastal border. Keywords: characteristics, soil physics, land use ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi perubahan tipe penggunaan lahan dan kondisi karakteristik fisik tanah, dan mengetahui kesesuaian pemanfaatan lahan dengan tata ruang Kota Ambon di wilayah Negeri Tawiri. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Negeri Tawiri Kota Ambon pada bulan Juni-Juli 2018 dengan menggunakan metode survei dengan jarak observasi transek/jalur dibuat memotong tipe-tipe penggunan lahan dalam kawasan sesuai arahan Tata Ruang Kota Ambon. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu: 1) Tipe penggunaan lahan yang ditemukan pada lima jalur transek di lokasi penelitian Negeri Tawiri adalah: hutan lahan kering sekunder, pertanian lahan kering campuran, pertanian lahan kering, rumput/semak belukar, permukiman, sagu, dan mangrove; 2) Karakteristik fisik tanah dan lingkungan menunjukkan perbedaan pada tipe penggunaan lahan dan sifat fisik tanah yaitu: tanah dengan ketinggian tempat ± 45-335 m dpl, bentuk lahan perbukitan/pegunungan, relief bukit dan gunung, lereng antara 20°-220° (2-25%), memiliki ± 3 lapisan tanah dengan kedalaman bervariasi antara 0->40 cm; memiliki ciri tanah: warna 2,5 YR (merah) dan 7,5 YR (merah, kuning kemerahan, cokelat hingga cokelat kuat); tekstur lempung, pasir berlempung dan lempung liat berpasir; tergolong lembab; pH 6-7; dan memiliki sebaran BO yang bervariasi dari sedikit hingga banyak; dan 3) Penggunaan lahan aktual yang sama dengan peruntukan tata ruang di Negeri Tawiri hampir sebagian besar sesuai, yang tidak sesuai hanyalah permukiman yang berada sekitar 78% di sempadan pantai. Kata kunci: fisik tanah, karakteristik, penggunaan lahan
Inventarisasi Jenis Gulma di Areal Perkebunan Karet (Hevea brasiliensis) Pada Ketinggian Tempat Yang Berbeda di Negeri Liang Kecamatan Teluk Elpaputih Kabupaten Maluku Tengah Dilyan N Ramlan; Johan Riry; Vilma L Tanasale
JURNAL BUDIDAYA PERTANIAN Vol 15 No 2 (2019): Jurnal Budidaya Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/jbdp.2019.15.2.80

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to analyze the types of dominant weeds in rubber plantation areas at altitudes of 4 m above sea level (asl) and 104 m asl and to find differences in the types of weeds in the rubber plantation areas at an altitude of 4 m asl and 104 m asl. This research conducted in Negeri Liang, Teluk Elpaputih District, Central Maluku Regency. This research used a "weed survey" method to collect data by direct observation in the field. This research was conducted by analyzing weed types using the quadratic method by purposive sampling with a sample plot size of 1 m × 1 m. From this study, it was found that there were 20 weed species from 14 families, with details of 11 species of full leaf weeds, 3 species of grasses, 3 species of sedges, in rubber plantation habitat in Liang Village, Teluk Elpaputih District, Central Maluku Regency. Keywords: plantation altitude, rubber plants, weeds ABSTRAK Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis jenis-jenis gulma dominan di areal perkebunan karet pada ketinggian 4 m dpl dan 104 m dpl dan untuk menemukan perbedaan jenis-jenis gulma di areal perkebunan karet pada ketinggian 4 m dpl dan 104 m dpl. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Negeri Liang Kecamatan Teluk Elpaputih Kabupaten Maluku Tengah. Dengan menggunakan metode “survey gulma” untuk mengumpulkan data dengan pengamatan langsung di lapangan. Dengan melakukan analisis jenis gulma digunakan metode kuadrat secara purposive sampling dengan petak sampel berukuran 1 m × 1 m. Penelitian ini di peroleh terdapat 20 jenis gulma 14 famili, dengan rincian gulma daun lebar 11 jenis, rerumputan 3 jenis, tekian 3 jenis, dan pakisan 3 jenis pada habitat perkebunan karet di Negeri Liang Kecamatan Teluk Elpaputih Kabupaten Maluku Tengah. Kata kunci: gulma, ketinggian tempat yang berbeda, tanaman karet
Heterosis Dan Heterobeltiosis Hasil Gabah Serta Korelasinya Terhadap Pertumbuhan Padi Hibrida Nurwulan Agustiani; Sujinah Sujinah; Bayu P Wibowo; Satoto Satoto
JURNAL BUDIDAYA PERTANIAN Vol 15 No 2 (2019): Jurnal Budidaya Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/jbdp.2019.15.2.92

Abstract

Heterosis of F1 hybrids is closely related to processes during plant growth. The purpose of this research was to obtain information on some growth characters that supported positive heterosis for yield. The experiment was conducted at Sukamandi Field Station on the rainy season in 2016, used a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. The materials used in this experiment were four hybrids rice (Hipa 9, Hipa 18, Hipa 19, and Hipa Jatim 2) and their parents (maintainer and restorer lines). The results showed that the four hybrids had positive heterosis with an average value of 4.23-25.03% for the characters of plant height, tiller number, grain number per panicle, weight of 1000 grains, and yield. Heterobeltiosis values ranged from 2.06-13.62% for the characters of plant height, tiller number, grain number per panicle, and yield. The characters that were positively correlated to increase of yield were plant height, leaf area in the primordia phase, and weight of 1000 grains. The four hybrids had similar leaf areas in the primordia phase, but only Hipa Jatim 2 had the highest leaf area in the mature grain. The four hybrids had more thickness of leaves than their parents. F1 average showed increased grain number per panicle that their parents, especially Hipa 18 and Hipa 19, which had a higher weight of 1000 grains than their parents. Keywords: hybrids, rice, heterosis, heterobeltiosis ABSTRAK Heterosis pada F1-hibrida sangat berkaitan erat dengan proses-proses selama pertumbuhan tanaman. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkaninformasibeberapa karakter pertumbuhan yang mendukung heterosis positif terhadap hasil. Percobaan dilaksanakan di KP. Sukamandi pada musim hujan 2016, menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan tiga ulangan. Materi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah empat varietas unggul hibrida (Hipa 9, Hipa 18, Hipa 19, dan Hipa Jatim 2) dan tetuanya (galur maintainer dan restorer). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keempat materi yang diuji mempunyai nilai heterosis positif dengan nilai rata-rata 4,23-25,03% pada karakter tinggi tanaman, jumlah anakan, jumlah gabah per malai, bobot 1000 butir, dan hasil. Nilai heterobeltiosis berkisar antara 2,06% sampai 13,62% pada karakter tinggi tanaman, jumlah anakan, jumlah gabah per malai, dan hasil. Karakter-karakter pertumbuhan yang berkorelasi positif terhadap peningkatan hasil yaitu tinggi tanaman, luas daun pada fase primordia, dan bobot 1000 butir. Keempat materi hibrida yang diuji mempunyai luas daun per rumpun yang setara pada fase primordia, namun hanya Hipa Jatim 2 yang masih mempunyai luas daun tertinggi pada fase masak fisiologis,. Keempatnya mempunyai karakter ketebalan daun yang lebih baik dibanding tetuanya. Rata-rata F1 menunjukkan perbaikan jumlah gabah per malai dibanding kedua tetuanya, terlebih pada Hipa 18 dan Hipa 19 yang juga mempunyai bobot 1000 butir lebih tinggi dibandingkan kedua tetuanya. Kata kunci: hibrida, padi, heterosis, heterobeltiosis
Evaluasi Keragaan Beberapa Hibrida Semangka Koleksi Balai Penelitian Tanaman Buah Tropika Makful Makful; Kuswandi Kuswandi; Sahlan Sahlan; Mega Andini
JURNAL BUDIDAYA PERTANIAN Vol 15 No 2 (2019): Jurnal Budidaya Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/jbdp.2019.15.2.101

Abstract

Hybrid breeding of watermelon has led to the formation of high-yielding varieties. The objectives of the research were to determine the performance of hybrid watermelon of the Indonesian Tropical Fruit Research Institute (ITFRI) collection and to evaluate the superiority of each hybrid. The research has been conducted at Sumani Experimental Garden, ITFRI, Solok, West Sumatera, from April to July 2016. The material used consisted of 19 cross combinations. The data from this descriptive study were presented in the form of averages and pictures. The results showed that the hybrids that were tested showed diversity in size, fruit skin color, flesh color, skin thickness and fruit sweetness. Hybrids with three excellent characters, i.e. medium fruit weight, high total soluble solids (TSS) value, and moderate rind thickness, were not yet obtained. Hybrids that had the superiority in term of sweet taste and shelf life were BT1 × SGP, BT4 × BT4P, BT5 × BT4, BT6 × SGP and SGP × BT6. Keywords: hybrid, performance, total soluble solids, watermelon ABSTRAK Pemuliaan hibrida pada semangka mengarah kepada pembentukan varietas berdaya hasil tinggi. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui keragaan hibrida semangka koleksi Balitbu Tropika dan untuk mengevaluasi keunggulan masing-masing hibrida Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Sumani, Balitbu Tropika, Solok, Sumatera Barat, dari bulan April sampai dengan Juli 2016. Materi yang digunakan terdiri dari 19 kombinasi persilangan. Data hasil penelitian deskriptif ini ditampilkan dalam bentuk rataan dan gambar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hibrida yang diuji memiliki keragaman dalam ukuran, warna kulit buah, warna daging buah, ketebalan kulit buah dan kemanisan. Belum ditemukan hibrida yang memiliki tiga karakter unggul, yang terdiri dari bobot buah sedang, total padatan terlarut (total soluble solid) tinggi, dan kulit buah agak tebal. Hibrida yang memiliki keunggulan berupa rasa manis dan tahan simpan adalah BT1 × SGP, BT4 × BT4P, BT5 × BT4, BT6 × SGP dan SGP × BT6. Kata kunci: hibrida, keragaan, semangka, total padatan terlarut

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