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International Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Published by Universitas Andalas
ISSN : 24770116     EISSN : 25981145     DOI : -
Core Subject : Economy, Science, Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Environmental Science Social Sciences
International Journal of Agricultural Sciences is an open access journal published by the Graduate Program of Andalas University. IJASC publishes original research findings from throughout the world related to strategic and applied studies in all aspects of agricultural science, as well as reviews of scientific books or other publications of current agricultural relevance.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 105 Documents
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INCREASED YIELD AND NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF KUMPAI GRASS (Hymenachne amplexicaulis (Rudge) Nees.) WITH ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI AND ORGANIC FERTILIZER IN RED-YELLOW PODZOLIC SOIL Evita Yani, Hardi Syafria, Novirman Jamarun, Mardiati Zein
International Journal of Agricultural Sciences Vol. 1 No. 1 (2015)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/ijasc.1.1.47-54.2015

Abstract

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) can help plants by improving the uptake of low P availability acidsoils. Organic fertilizers can effect the physical, chemical and biological soil. The purpose of this research is tostudy and determine the effect of AMF and organic fertilizer on increasing yield and nutritional value of kumpaigrass in red-yellow podzolic acid soils. The study design used a completely randomized 5 x 3 factorial pattern andrepeat three times. Two factors as treatment: AMF and organic fertilizer. AMF usage consisted of three levels:control (0 g/pot), AMF (10 g/pot) and AMF (20 g/pot). The organic fertilizer usage consisteds of five levels:control (0 %), manure (50 %), manure (100 %), compost (50 %) and compost (100 %). Variables measuredincluded the width of leaves, plant length, number of tillers, the yield of forage dry matter, crude protein,phosphorus, dry matter and organic matter digestibility. The results showed that the AMF and organic fertilizer hada highly significant (P<0.01) effect for all observed variables. The interaction AMF and organic fertilizers hadsignificant effect on crude protein, phosphorus and organic matter digestibility.
SCREENING OF RHIZOBACTERIA FROM ONION RHIZOSPHERE CAN INDUCE SYSTEMIC RESISTANCE TO BACTERIAL LEAF BLIGHT DISEASE ON ONION PLANTS Jamsari, Milda Ernita, Trimurti Habazar, Nasrun
International Journal of Agricultural Sciences Vol. 1 No. 1 (2015)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/ijasc.1.1.81-89.2015

Abstract

In modern cultivation processes indiscriminate use of pesticides and fertilizers, has led to substantialpollution of soil, air and water. So, there is an urgent need to solve the problem. Rhizobacteria are bacteria thatcolonize plant roots, and these bacteria are known to stimulate growth and thereby reduce incidence of plantdisease by direct and indirect mechanisms. A total of 136 rhizobacteria isolates were isolated from differentrhizosphere soils in central areas of production of onions in Indonesia. These isolates were screened for theircapability to enhance growth and protect onions against bacterial leaf blight disease-caused by Xanthomonasaxonopodis pv.allii. The results showed that ten isolates can enhance growth and protect onions against bacterialleaf blight diseases. Five isolates were isolated from West Sumatra, four isolates from Java and one isolated from North Sumatra. All isolates produced indol-3-acetic acid with different concentrations. Molecular identification of ten isolates belong to Bacillus sp, Pseudomonas sp, Stenotrophomonas sp and Serratia sp.
Premature-nut-fall disease of coconut: a case study of Botryodiplodia theobromae and other fungi associated with the disease EKHORUTOMWEN, OSAYOMORE ENDURANCE; CHIDI, NNAMDI IFECHUKWUDE; Shittu, Olalekan Hakeem
International Journal of Agricultural Sciences Vol. 7 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/ijasc.7.2.45 - 52.2023

Abstract

Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) is grown in several countries, by millions of farmers globally. it provides a staple food and serves as a cash crop in many developing countries. Generally, about one third of the buttons produced in an inflorescence develop into mature nuts (that is, the number of buttons produced in a bunch often exceeds the number of nuts reaching maturity). Coconut production is affected by several factors among them diseases play a major role. The premature-nut-fall disease is a common problem encountered by coconut growers. The disease decreases the production potential of the coconut palm causing considerable yield loss. Hence, the study was carried out to investigate the incidence of the premature-nut-fall disease of coconut over two overlapping growing season in two major coconut growing areas. The Green dwarf (GD) coconut variety has a higher PDI of premature-nut-fall in both growing seasons and locations compared to other coconut varieties used in this study. The study also revealed that there is high variability in the PDI of premature-nut-fall across coconut varieties, sampling period in both growing seasons and locations. In both locations and growing seasons, the high percentage of fungi isolated from fallen nuts indicate the role of fungi pathogen in premature-nut-fall disease of coconut. Furthermore, isolation of B. theobromae from the internal tissues of diseased nuts, and other floral parts of coconut is an indication that the fungus is responsible for the premature-nut-fall disease of coconut resulting from fungi infection.
Effect of Locally Processed Cassava (Manihot Esculenta) Root Meal on Performance Indices, Metric Characteristics of Gut and Organs of Broiler Olatundun, Bukola Ezekiel
International Journal of Agricultural Sciences Vol. 7 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/ijasc.7.2.53 - 56.2023

Abstract

A 4-week feeding trial was conducted with 54 two-week-old broiler chicks which were randomly allotted to 3 dietary treatments, each treatment having 6 replicates consisting of 3 broilers in a completely randomized design to evaluate the influence of inclusion in broiler diets at 0, 7.5 and 12.5 % cassava root meal on feed intake, weight gain, feed conversion efficiency, organ weight and gut morphometry. Results showed that there was no significant difference (p>0.05) in the feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion efficiency among the treatments. There was also no significant (p>0.05) difference in the absolute weight of organs selected for analysis while there was a significant (p<0.05) difference in the right caeca length. Sun-dried cassava root meal can be incorporated into the starter diet of broilers up to 12.5% to replace conventional feed ingredients like maize without any deleterious effects on the performance and gut health.
MANAGING PHOMA LEAF BLIGHT OF FLUTED PUMPKIN USING DIVERSE AGENTS ndifon, elias mjaika
International Journal of Agricultural Sciences Vol. 7 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/ijasc.7.2.57 - 63.2023

Abstract

Purpose: Production of fluted pumpkin (Telfaria occidentalis), a very important fruit and leaf vegetable in Africa, is highly constrained by diseases like Phoma blight. Uptodate the pumpkin diseases acknowledged include fungi diseases (two wilts, leaf blight, downy mildew, leaf spot, anthracnose and three fungi storage diseases), three viruses (Telfaria mosaic virus, cucumber mosaic virus and pepper mottle virus), bacteria leaf soft rot and root knot nematodes.Methods: An in vitro research was carried out using completely randomized design with each treatment replicated three times. Two subtrials were conducted to determine the effect of firstly five Trichoderma isolates and secondly of three botanicals on Phoma blight.Findings: Inhibition of Phoma sorghina by Trichoderma isolates ranged between 14-58%. After 144 hours of biocontrol, significant differences (P≤0.05) between the treatments in decreasing magnititude of performance followed the order T. virens isolate MZ2, T. harzianum isolate AIBN3, T. harzianum isolate BGMZ3, T. harzianum isolate ZXMZ6 and finally T. harmatum isolate ZXGV5. Also, after 144 hours of exposure, Parkia biglobosa (100%) performed significantly better, followed by P. biglobosa 50% and Juniperus chinensis 100% (which were at par), then Monoon longifolium 100%.Conclusion: Biocontrol and use of botanicals in fluted pumpkin production are feasible options to plant disease managaement in pumpkin production. Further work on integrated management of this disease is ongoing but so much needs to be done when one is dealing with vegetables. Safety and nature of the relationship between the control measures has barely started
Finacial Feasibility and Farmers' Response to Citronella Grass Farming and Processing in Simawang Village, Tanah Datar District Yusmarni, Yusmarni; Putri, Afrianingsih
International Journal of Agricultural Sciences Vol. 7 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/ijasc.7.2.76 - 80.2023

Abstract

Simawang village has been experiencing a drought since the 2000s due to the uncertainty of the seasonal pattern. All paddy fields in the village depend on rain for irrigation. Consequently, the activities of paddy farming were also disrupted. Some farmers leave their rice fields unplanted, and there is approximately 60 ha of rice fields in Simawang village have turned into abandoned land. In 2014 the farmers started to plant citronella grass on that abandoned land, and in 2017 they already had a citronella oil distiller. This paper discusses the financial feasibility of citronella grass farming and processing and analyzes the farmers' response to those activities. The research found that citronella grass farming and processing in Simawangv illage is feasible to be implemented. It can be seen from the NPV, IRR, and B/C ratio values of Rp. 218.438.869, 33,2% and 2,1 respectively. Moreover, the farming and processing payback period is two years and 11 months. The cognitive and affective responses of the farmers to farming and processing are good; meanwhile, the conative response is poor. Despite the farmers having good knowledge about farming and processing citronella grass and agreeing that those activities could benefit them both economically and environmentally, most of them have not yet practiced the activities due to land ownership issues.
Management Of Fusarium Solani (Root Rot Of Common Bean) Using Disparate Methodologies Ndifon, Elias Mjaika
International Journal of Agricultural Sciences Vol. 7 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/ijasc.7.2.64 - 71.2023

Abstract

Purpose: Common bean is frequently infected by several pathogens which reduce its yield (20–100%) and quality of the produce. Three sub-trials were employed to proffer solutions to infection of beans by Fusarium solani.Methods: All three sub-trials (botanical, chemical, and bio-control sub-trials) were setup using the completely randomized design with each treatment replicated thrice in vitro.Findings: The results of applying synthetic fungicides (i.e.; metalxyl, metalaxyl+copper, and metalaxyl+carboxin) revealed that all the fungicides were significantly different (P≤0.05) compared with the control. Metalaxyl (single agent) was significantly (P≤0.05) less effective compared to combined formulations with metaxyl and other agents. The best treatment was Metalaxyl+Copper (100% concentration) followed by Metalaxyl+Copper (50% concentration), then Metalaxyl+Carboxin (100% concentration), Metalaxyl+Carboxin (50% concentration) in descending order of performance. All the plant extracts (Silk cotton (Ceiba pentandra), Tamarind (Tamarindus indica), wild cardamom (Sulettaria surculosa), and Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globolus)) were significantly different (P≤0.05) compared with the control. The highest control of this pathogen was attained using Eucalyptus (100% concentration), followed by Eucalyptus (50% concentration), Cardamom (100% concentration), Cardamom (50% concentration), Silk cotton (100% concentration), Tamarind (100% concentration), Tamarind (50% concentration), and finally Silk cotton (50% concentration). The inhibitory efficacy of Trichoderma isolates shows that they were significantly different (P≤0.05) compared with the control. Trichoderma harzianum isolate AIM22 and Trichoderma hamatum isolate ZXPB provided the best control followed by Trichoderma harzianum isolate AIBN, and finally, Trichoderma viride isolate AIBK.Conclusion: The use of these botanical, chemical, and bio-control agents revealed their potency in managing Fusarium solani. 
The Comparative Advantage of Cattle Farming and Its Contribution to Donggala Regency Livestock Development Mujayin, Yudi
International Journal of Agricultural Sciences Vol. 7 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/ijasc.7.2.72 - 75.2023

Abstract

Beef cattle business, especially in Central Sulawesi Province, is a people's livestock business that needs to be developed. To support the efforts of the development of livestock business, it is necessary to have a data base on the existence of beef cattle and the potential of its development area, so that it can be used as a basis in establishing the model of beef cattle business development. This study aims to analyze the Comparative Advantage of Cattle Business and Its Contribution to Livestock Development in Donggala Regency by using time series data for 10 years, starting from 2010 to 2019. The analytical model used in this study is a combination of Location Quotient (LQ) and Growth and Share analysis. The Location Quotient (LQ) technique is used as a guide to find out how much influence cattle have on regional economic growth, by comparing the production value in the area studied, namely the sub-district in Donggala Regency with the area above it, namely Donggala Regency. The acquisition of the LQ value of cattle in Donggala Regency is 1.03 > 1 which means that the beef cattle business is a basic sector, so it can be said that cattle have a comparative advantage because they are able to provide regional markets and markets outside the region from Donggala Regency. Based on the Growth and Share analysis, beef cattle commodities have positive growth where x = 8, with a contribution (positive share) X = 9.8 > 2, and it is stated that the beef cattle business is superior and contributes greatly to the development of livestock in Donggala Regency. Carring capacity analysis and proximal tests that grazing pasture grass in Donggala Regency is 8 UT/Ha/Year with Nutrient Content Of Dry Ingredients = 37.75%, Coarse Fat = 0.68%, Coarse Protein = 3.56%, Coarse Fiber = 27.35, Ash Content = 5.25.
Farmer’s Share Analysis of Manohara Sweet Potatoes Marketing Channel Hariance, Rika
International Journal of Agricultural Sciences Vol. 7 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/ijasc.7.2.81 - 88.2023

Abstract

The farmer's share is used to assess the marketing efficiency received by farmers as the leading actors in farming. This study aimed to analyze the value obtained by farmers in the marketing chain of Manohara sweet potatoes. The study was conducted in Nagari Koto Tinggi, Baso District, Agam Regency, using a survey method, and the research respondents were 30 purposively selected farmers, collectors, and retailers determined by the snowball sampling method. The data was taken using an interview guide, which was then analyzed descriptively and quantitatively. The results showed three marketing channels for Manohara sweet potato in Nagari Koto Tinggi, Baso District, Agam Regency. The largest farmer's share received by farmers is in the first marketing channel at 100%, the second highest share is in the second marketing channel at 51.6%, and the lowest is in the third marketing channel at 26.11%. The first was a direct marketing channel between farmers and the potato stick agroindustry. However, the number of agroindustries is still small; thus, to increase the value of the farmer's share, increasing the number and scale of the sweet potato agroindustry is the right solution for farmers to sell their crops to the agroindustry directly, and to achieve the welfare of farmers to overcome poverty at the agricultural level.
FARMLAND ACCESS AND INTERGENERATIONAL FARM TRANFER AMONG COCOA FARMERS IN SOUTH- WEST, NIGERIA Adebayo, Sijuwade Adebukola; Joyce, Ogundiran Tosin; Babatunde, Raphael Olanrewaju
International Journal of Agricultural Sciences Vol. 7 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/ijasc.7.1.38 - 44.2023

Abstract

The study focused on the farmland access and intergenerational farm transfer among cocoa farmers in South-west, Nigeria. The objectives of the study were to investigate cocoa farmers ‘accessibility to land holdings, determine cocoa farmers’ perceived timing of intergenerational farm transfer among others. A multistage sampling procedure was used to select 342 cocoa farmers. The data were collected through interviewer administered questionnaire and analysed using descriptive statistics and multinomial logistic regression. Results showed that majority of the respondents were male (77.0%), having farm size of 5 ha and below (84.9%), the mean age of the respondents was 58 years while the mean household size was 6. The result shows that majority (89.6%) of the respondents had access to their cocoa farmland by purchase, perceived timing of intergenerational farm transfer plan is after the farmer‘s demise (72.2%) and preferred their son (86.4%) to be their successor. However, alternate plan for those who have not identified a successor preferred to sell off (45.6%) the farm. The highest ranked constraint to farmland access was high cost of land with the mean = 2.89. Result shows positive correlation between respondents ‘age (r =0.222, p =0.000), farm size (r= 0.051, p=value 0.000), and access to farmland. The study concluded that cocoa farmers had access to their farmland by purchase with majority having not identifying possible successor. The study recommended that relevant stakeholders should create awareness and train cocoa farmers on the need to identify and engage possible successors early in order to ensure family farm sustainability. 

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