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International Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Published by Universitas Andalas
ISSN : 24770116     EISSN : 25981145     DOI : -
Core Subject : Economy, Science, Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Environmental Science Social Sciences
International Journal of Agricultural Sciences is an open access journal published by the Graduate Program of Andalas University. IJASC publishes original research findings from throughout the world related to strategic and applied studies in all aspects of agricultural science, as well as reviews of scientific books or other publications of current agricultural relevance.
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Articles 105 Documents
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Management and Development of Community-Based Ecotourism Destinations in West Sumatra Malse Yulivestra; Muhammad Ichsan Kabullah; Hendri Koeswara; Novalinda Novalinda
International Journal of Agricultural Sciences Vol 7, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/ijasc.7.1.16 - 23.2023

Abstract

This research is based on the assumption that the government and the private sector are in control of the tourism industry which results in the position of the community being neglected and alienated. Therefore there is a need for efforts to empower local communities in managing and developing tourism potential in their area. The concept of Community based tourism is an alternative solution to restore the role and participation of the community in managing and developing this tourism sector. Based on this problem, the researcher tries to formulate research questions, namely; how is the management and development of community-based ecotourism destinations in West Sumatra? The objectives of this research include: 1) To describe and analyze how community-based ecotourism is managed and developed. 2) To describe the impact of community-based ecotourism management and development on the social, economic, and surrounding environment. The research method uses a qualitative approach with data collection techniques through field studies by collecting primary and secondary data. The data obtained will be reduced, presented and conclusions drawn which are the relationship between the existing theory and qualitative analysis which can provide an overview of the research problem. The results of the study explain that the management of ecotourism destinations in the research location is based on the community through tourism awareness groups formed by the community itself. The level of community participation is quite high both in planning, implementing, and evaluating management and development activities. As for the impact felt by the surrounding community, it is quite positive socially, economically and environmentally. In the future, there is a need to increase the capacity of tourism awareness groups as well as improve management and collaboration with other parties in improving suggestions and better ecotourism destinations.
Examining Income Patterns and Time Allocation in Nutmeg (Myristica Fragrans) Farmint: A Case Study of Padang Selatan District, Padang, West Sumatra, Indonesia Dwi Evaliza; Faidil Tanjung; Rafnel Azhari
International Journal of Agricultural Sciences Vol 7, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/ijasc.7.1.24 - 29.2023

Abstract

This research aims to determine the income and profits of Pala (Myristica Fragrans)  products and analyze the working time allocation in producing Pala products in Padang Selatan District. The study was conducted from September to November 2022. The research method used was descriptive with a survey approach. The data collected consists of two types, namely primary data and secondary data. The selction of respondent is done by simple random sampling method. The samples were 34 farmers. From the Pala tree the farmers can harvest the seeds, mace, and fruit meat which was processed into Pala syrup. The products most widely used by farmers are seeds and mace. From on the three Pala products produced, the highest average income is from the seed with an average income of Rp. 3,209,252 (70.53%), followed by Pala syrup of Rp. 767,310 (16.86%) and the lowest income is mace products which was 573,356 (12.60%). The highest working time allocation was found in processing of Pala seed products which was 8.85 working time allocation / year (54.16%), mace products of 5.83 working time allocation / year (35.68%) and the lowest in Pala syrup products of 1.66 working time allocation / year (10.16%). The  farmers should cultivate Pala in accordance with the recommendations, as well as processing the fruit meat into various preparations so that farmers' income can increase.Keywords: Income analysis, working time, pala
Traditional institution for enhancing the sustainability of irrigation management in West Sumatra Indonesia Ifdal Ifdal; Ami Sukma Utami
International Journal of Agricultural Sciences Vol 7, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/ijasc.7.1.30 - 37.2023

Abstract

Indigenous institutions that have been existing within the community for hundreds of years ago can contribute to effective natural resources management, especially by encouraging farmers' participation in irrigation activities. However, due to a new institution introduced by the Indonesian government, such as the water users' Associations ("P3A" in Bahasa), institutional problems, such as low participation from farmers in irrigation activities, have occurred in some regions where the traditional institution has been disappearing from irrigation management. Nevertheless, some communities appropriately manage the irrigation system by integrating traditional institutions into the current irrigation system. This study aims to re-assess the importance of the traditional institution in managing irrigation systems in West Sumatra. The qualitative method was used to collect data in Agam district from January 2022 to August 2022. Two P3As (P3A Karya Mandiri dan P3A Jorong Biaro) were selected to evaluate the traditional institution in irrigation management. This study found that matrilineal land ownership (ulayat kaum in Minangkabau language) can ensure irrigation water supply for each system and the continuity of rice farming. Furthermore, mufakat (deliberation to reach consensus) in determining irrigation management can encourage farmers' participation in irrigation activities and avoid conflict over water, especially during the dry condition. To re-implement indigenous institution in irrigation management, collaborative action must be performed to create mutual understanding regarding indigenous institutions between farmers and policy makers.
FARMLAND ACCESS AND INTERGENERATIONAL FARM TRANFER AMONG COCOA FARMERS IN SOUTH- WEST, NIGERIA
International Journal of Agricultural Sciences Vol 7, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/ijasc.7.1.38 - 44.2023

Abstract

The study focused on the farmland access and intergenerational farm transfer among cocoa farmers in South-west, Nigeria. The objectives of the study were to investigate cocoa farmers ‘accessibility to land holdings, determine cocoa farmers’ perceived timing of intergenerational farm transfer among others. A multistage sampling procedure was used to select 342 cocoa farmers. The data were collected through interviewer administered questionnaire and analysed using descriptive statistics and multinomial logistic regression. Results showed that majority of the respondents were male (77.0%), having farm size of 5 ha and below (84.9%), the mean age of the respondents was 58 years while the mean household size was 6. The result shows that majority (89.6%) of the respondents had access to their cocoa farmland by purchase, perceived timing of intergenerational farm transfer plan is after the farmer‘s demise (72.2%) and preferred their son (86.4%) to be their successor. However, alternate plan for those who have not identified a successor preferred to sell off (45.6%) the farm. The highest ranked constraint to farmland access was high cost of land with the mean = 2.89. Result shows positive correlation between respondents ‘age (r =0.222, p =0.000), farm size (r= 0.051, p=value 0.000), and access to farmland. The study concluded that cocoa farmers had access to their farmland by purchase with majority having not identifying possible successor. The study recommended that relevant stakeholders should create awareness and train cocoa farmers on the need to identify and engage possible successors early in order to ensure family farm sustainability. 
CALLI INDUCTION OF SOME CHILI PEPPER (Capsicum annuum L.) GENOTYPES AS MATERIAL FOR GENETIC TRANSFORMATION Jumsu Trisno and Jamsari, Renfiyeni, Yusniwati,
International Journal of Agricultural Sciences Vol. 1 No. 1 (2015)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/ijasc.1.1.75-80.2015

Abstract

Calli is one of the materials used for genetic transformation. Studies on calli induction in some pepper genotypes were conducted in the Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, Andalas University, Padang. This study aimed to obtain calli which can be used as material for genetic transformation. We used three genotypes of chili (Kopay, Kampung and Trisula). Explants were derived from first leaf, cotyledon, epycotyl and hypocotyl obtained from 24 days old chili germination. The study found that all the explants were able to produced calli. From 17 combinations of medium, the two combinations that produced 100% calli were MS + BAP + IAA + L2 vitamin and MS + 2,4 D. Mediums that can produce organogenic calli were MS + BAP 4 mg / L, IAA 0.5 mg / L, L2 vitamin ( Pyridoxin hydroklorit 0.5 g / L  and Thiamin hydroklorit 0.1 mg / L). The colour of calli produced were yellowish green and compact. The study also found that structures develop with a globular phase, followed by a heart shape, torpedo, cotyledonary and eventually form buds. While MS + 2.4 D 4 mg / L produced yellowish white calli and crumb, it could not grow organogenic calli.
THE CROP-LIVESTOCK INTEGRATION INNOVATION USING PALM OIL BY-PRODUCTS TECHNOLOGY TO SUPPORT BEEF CATTLE PRODUCTION IN WEST SUMATRA Yolas Pendra, Edy Mawardi and Asmak, Abdullah M Bamualim, Fuad Madarisa,
International Journal of Agricultural Sciences Vol. 1 No. 1 (2015)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/ijasc.1.1.66-74.2015

Abstract

A study has been conducted on the crop-livestock integration innovation using palm oil by-products technology to support beef cattle production in 2014. The collected data consisted of (i) Socio-economic aspects, (ii) The body weight gain of cattle, and (iii) Palm oil production. These data were taken from Sri Langgeng farmers group (13 respondents) in Dharmasraya district and Tanjung Keramat farmers group (10 respondents) in West Pasaman district. The results of the socio economic aspects showed; the  average age of farmers was 39 years old, owned palm oil plantation of 2,2 and, 4,1 ha, and owned of 4.2 and 6.2 head of cattle in Tanjung Keramat and Sri Langgeng respectively. The average monthly income was Rp 1.63 million and about Rp 1.05 million derived from livestock contribution in Tanjung Keramat, and Rp 1.65 million and about Rp 1.71 million derived from livestock contribution in Sri Langgeng. Feeding a supplement of palm oil by-products increased cattle growth by about 0.14 and 0.09 kg/head/day at Sri Langgeng and Tanjung Keramat respectively. In contrast, the animals in a control treatment experienced body weight losses of -0.17 and -0.11 kg/head/day. The application of organic fertilizer from cattle manure, above the inorganic fertilizer, increased the palm oil fruit by 39.4% and 48.4%. The research proved that there is an opportunity to accelerate the adoption process of crop-livestock integration in palm oil plantation areas in West Sumatra.
MYCORRHIZAL GROWTH RESPONSE AND GLOMALIN PRODUCTION EFFECTED BY ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI (AMF) AND NITROGEN OF ORGANIC MATERIALS ON CORN Eti Farda Husin and Azwar Rasyidin, Eddiwal, Amrizal Saidi,
International Journal of Agricultural Sciences Vol. 1 No. 1 (2015)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/ijasc.1.1.55-65.2015

Abstract

Symbiotic relationships between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and plants can increase the capacity of plants to absorb nutrients and water from the soil by exploring micropores not accessible to plant roots. The arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis between plants and soil fungi improves phosphorus and nitrogen acquisition under limiting conditions. Recent discoveries indicate that AMF hyphae containing glomalin as glycoproteins and function unitinge the soil particles to form stable soil aggregates. Glomalin acts as an adhesive (glue) produced by AMF symbiosis with the host plant. The AMF is capable of taking nitrogen and other nutrients from a source of organic materials to produce glomalin which is transferred to the host plant. The study was conducted using nitrogen from forage materials of Tithonia (Tithonia difersifolia) which the AMF needs to produce glomalin. This study assess the need for organic N by AMF to the mycorrhizal growth effect and its effects on glomalin. The study use sterile medium sand and zeolite mixture (w/w 1:1) in pot culture experiments with the corn as the host. For treatments using N derived from Tithonia are five doses, namely 0, 10, 20, 30, and 40 mg of N Tithonia each pot. At  the time of planting, the corn roots inoculated with AMF spores of the two species, namely Glomus luteum and Glomus versiforme. We show that a positive mycorrhizal growth response (MGR) was observed only in the dose of range 20 to 30 mg N. This response did not appear to be affected by high nitrogen supply. Our results also show that in Glomus luteum at the dose of 20 mg N produce glomalin highest, namely 2.60 mg.g-1 in the planting medium. Glomus versiforme has produced glomalin is 2.38 mg.g-1 at the dose of 30 mg N. The AMF species did not significantly affect the results of glomalin, while the use of N from forage materials of Tithonia significantly influenced the production of glomalin.
Specific RAPD frafments related with sex type in Salacca (Salacca edulis L.) Gustian and Jamsari, Ediwirman, Irfan Suliansyah,
International Journal of Agricultural Sciences Vol. 1 No. 1 (2015)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/ijasc.1.1.34-46.2015

Abstract

Salacca (Salacca edulis L.) is a tropical plant with a high economic value. The sexes of salacca can be grouped as dioecious, monoecious, dan hermaphrodite. Farmer's success in cultivation is especially determined by the male to female ratio. The present ratio of male and female plants is 1:4. Determining sex based on morphological characteristics is not effective and difficult for young plants (seedlings), also to lysozim marker and chromosome. Marker Assisted Selection is a strategy to determine sex using a marker. Random Amplifed Polymorfism DNA (RAPD) is an amplification technique that uses markers. Of 305 primers tested, 4 primers, OPO-17 produced 297 bp product, OPAP-20 produced 554 bp as the specific fragment for the female and UBC-454 produced 934 bp as the specific fragment for the female and UBC-454 produced 946 bp as male, primer UBC-78 with the size of fragment 562 bp as the specific fragment for the female.
The estimation of GHG emissions for hotels in Asian Institute of Technology and Chiang Mai Hill 2000, Thailand Supansa, Luansak
International Journal of Agricultural Sciences Vol. 1 No. 1 (2015)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/ijasc.1.1.1-9.2015

Abstract

In the tourism sector, hotel industry is one of the most important sub-sector. This hotel industry emits greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions mainly carbon dioxide (CO2) by consuming large amount of energy, water, and non-renewable resources in service operation everyday on basis. This paper presents results of analysis how much does the GHG emissions release in hotel. The Asian Institute of Technology Conference Center and Chiang Mai Hill 2000, Chiang Mai, Thailand have successfully estimated GHG emissions by using Bilan Carbone® tool. The mitigation options are to encourage low carbon dioxide hotels. The data collection was done by questionnaires, interviews, and observations in both of them hotels. The results of annual GHG emissions contributor both Chiang Mai Hill 2000 as 3,844 t CO2 and at AITCC about 1,011 t CO2. Energy use is a major emission contributor followed by travel, property, input material, waste generated, and freight. Higher number of guests/tourists flow, effected higher used of facilities such as electricity, air conditioning, lighting, and food & beverage. Larger size hotel service quality, greater guest room service, wide range of building area, greater facilities, and large functional are consumed higher energy and materials. As well as, the higher rate of room turning can also increase of emissions. Moreover, Chiang Mai Hill 2000 tends to take transportation which have longer distance than AITCC. Therefore, increasing higher journal distance generated higher GHG emissions as well. The short term and long term mitigation plans can also be taken into consideration to reduce GHG emissions. The recommendation of short term mitigation plans can be applied directly in both hotels thus, increasing awareness about climate change and energy conservation among uses. The long term mitigation plans recommends to give “Green Hotel” award to successful hotels for reducing GHG emissions in hotel. These plans can be incorporated the Thailand’s government policy to reduce the impacts of climate change to the hotel industry. 
Tales from long ago and why we need them to secure a resilient today Harini Nagendra, Hita Unnikrishnan, B. Manjunatha,
International Journal of Agricultural Sciences Vol. 1 No. 1 (2015)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/ijasc.1.1.10-33.2015

Abstract

We live in the Anthropocene, at a time when the human footprint is at its most pronounced. In the process ofrapid urbanization, that characterizes today's age, many ecological commons with complex histories ofgovernance and stewardships are reimagined in keeping with prevailing notions of their utility. This redefining of acommon often occurs in exclusion of former social and cultural relationships built around the resource leading toentire communities being disconnected from it. The resultant loss of perceived value can enhance vulnerability tothreats including a loss of its identity as an ecological common. In this paper, we use the case of a former lake (Sampangi lake) within the south Indian city of Bengaluru toillustrate what makes understanding the past so important when it comes to management of urban ecologicalcommons. The Sampangi lake, now a major sports stadium of the city, was once an important ecological, social,and cultural resource. Besides being an indispensable water source to the city up until the mid-19th century, thelake also supported various other forms of provisioning and cultural ecosystem services – ranging across servingdomestic purposes, livelihoods, and belief systems. How then did this lake fade into obscurity and eventualoblivion in the intervening years, and more importantly, what happened to the people who once had strong ties withthe resource? Do events of long ago resonate even today and if so, how do they still speak to us? In order to answer these questions, we combine landscape change analysis through geospatial methodsalong with official archival records and oral narratives to unravel the story of change and its impacts on this urbancommon. We examine different changing notions of the utility of this lake pictured against a backdrop of rapidurbanization, migration, and landscape change. We relate this historical picture with contemporary trends in lakemanagement to draw a parallel. In so doing, we demonstrate that obtaining knowledge about the history of aresource, the history of its use, the various stakeholders accessing it, and the various conflicts it witnessed can helpprevent exclusionary histories, alienation of communities, and encourage citizen stewardship of the resource. Thiscan further shape more equitable, ecologically robust policy frameworks aimed at enhancing social and ecologicalresilience and therefore longevity of the resource.

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