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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Energy
Published by Purnomo Yusgiantoro Center
ISSN : 25491016     EISSN : 2549760X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Energy
The journal covers research with a strong focus on energy economics, energy analysis, energy modeling, and prediction, integrated energy systems, energy planning, and energy management. The journal also welcomes papers on related topics such as energy conservation, energy efficiency, energy innovation, energy technology, biomass and bioenergy, renewable energy, electricity supply and demand, energy storage, energy in buildings, energy finance, energy law and on economic and policy issues, also provided such topics are within the context of the broader multi-disciplinary scope of energy.
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Articles 85 Documents
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The Use of Big Data in The Oil and Gas Upstream Industry: A Comparison Between Norway And Indonesia Syaifullah, Khalid Istiqlal
Indonesian Journal of Energy Vol. 2 No. 1 (2019): Indonesian Journal of Energy
Publisher : Purnomo Yusgiantoro Center

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33116/ije.v2i1.31

Abstract

A study has been done to perceive the uptake and impact of Big Data in the exploration and production of oil and gas in Indonesia compared to Norway. Interviews were conducted to officials in the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (MoEMR) and the state regulator, SKK Migas. In both industries, more data is being generated more than ever in exploration, production, drilling, and operations, indicating potential application of Big Data. However, approach towards data has remained classical with physical models in opposed to common Big Data approach, which is data-driven analytics. Several impacts of Big Data in both industries are highlighted, including new demand for data analysts, the need for regulations surrounding cyber-security, improvement of safety and environment (which hasn’t been considered in Indonesia), and growing need for more trust and regulations towards open data. Open data in the two industries has seen two different trajectories with Indonesia only implementing it very recently, while the NCS has seen open data drives competition since 1999. This study produced recommendations for the government of Indonesia on open data and how uptake and application of Big Data analytics in EOR could potentially increase national petroleum production to desired levels.
Turning a Liability into an Asset: How the Challenge of Powering Indonesia’s Remote Grids is an Opportunity to Shape Cutting-Edge Energy Policy Guild, James
Indonesian Journal of Energy Vol. 2 No. 1 (2019): Indonesian Journal of Energy
Publisher : Purnomo Yusgiantoro Center

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33116/ije.v2i1.32

Abstract

President Jokowi has promised to add 35 GW of power to the national grid, while the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources wants to source 23% of its power from renewable sources by 2025. It will be difficult to reconcile these two goals as the majority of Indonesia’s 35 GW is expected to come from high-capacity coal and gas-fired plants on Java and Sumatra. This runs the risk of both undershooting the renewables goal and neglecting the more remote provinces in eastern Indonesia that rely mainly on imported diesel fuel. With a shrewd policy aproach, this could pose an opportunity to begin developing small-scale renewable power sources – such as solar, wind, and biomass gasification – in more remote parts of Indonesia where natural resources are plentiful and large-scale fossil fuel plants are impractical. This would allow PLN to both boost the share of renewables in the energy mix and acquire experience running flexible micro-grids capable of managing diverse and decentralized energy sources. This would put Indonesia ahead of the curve, as efficient grids that can draw power from a wide range of sources will likely play a big role in the future of energy policy. If PLN continues to focus narrowly on high-capacity gas and coal plants, it will risk getting locked into an inflexible, high-carbon structure ill-suited for the needs of the 21st century. The limits of such a model are already showing in the United States.
The Legality of Oil & Gas Production Sharing Contract Gross Split Scheme Sugiyartomo, Fakharsyah Hanif
Indonesian Journal of Energy Vol. 2 No. 1 (2019): Indonesian Journal of Energy
Publisher : Purnomo Yusgiantoro Center

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33116/ije.v2i1.33

Abstract

As an oil producing nation, Indonesia embodied its authority to manage its oil resources through article 33 paragraphs 3 of The Republic of Indonesia Constitution 1945. Regarding the article, this means that the state has the authority to manage Indonesian natural resources, directly or indirectly, through other public and/or private institutions and the profit of such activity shall be for the benefit of the people. This granted the state to appoint other institution, including a National/International Oil Company (NOC/IOC), to manage the exploration and production of oil, as that particular activity is regarded as a high risk and high capital business. In order to do so, according to Law no. 22 2001, the state may appoint a NOC/IOC through a production sharing contract. In this research, it is founded that the regulation that governed a production sharing contract with the gross split mechanism—Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources Regulation No. 8 2017 jo. Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources No. 52 2017—does not have a strong legal basis. In overall, the management of oil and gas through the gross split mechanism does not gives a maximum benefit for the state, and does not attract the IOC/NOC interest to explore and produce oil and gas in Indonesia. Therefore, in this paper, the reviewing of oil and gas management through a gross split mechanism is recommended.
Renewable Energy Cooperatives as Solution to Enhance Electrification and Economic in Developing Region Achzab, Ade Hilmy Maulana; Putra, Iqbal Ridalta
Indonesian Journal of Energy Vol. 2 No. 1 (2019): Indonesian Journal of Energy
Publisher : Purnomo Yusgiantoro Center

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33116/ije.v2i1.34

Abstract

Indonesia is the nation with abundant of natural resources. Natural resources itself in kind of crude oil, natural gas, coal, geothermal, hydropower, wind, and biomass become the commodity which is targeted to enhance economic development by utilizing them as the object for electrical supply in Indonesia, especially for nation electricity need. In Indonesia, the index for electrification reaches up to 94.91% in 2017 and continuously increasing year by year. It is contrary to regional electrification index as some developing region still far below 80%, even though those region have a huge amount of renewable resources potential, ranging from, solar, water, biomass, wind, geothermal as well as garbage. That potential does not go in line with renewable energy power plant which counts to 1% of total energy source. It can be analyzed that it happen because the inavailability of technology and social-political activity in Indonesia. Other than that, the system of centralization of electrical provision inhibit the potential of each region that could directly handled by local society. Therefore in this paper we propose a solution in form of renewable energy cooperatives (REC). REC applies the system of people economy to enhance the power plant establishment. REC would give capital to local society that comes from their own, to establish their own power plant. This allows the shifting to decentralization to optimize region potential and help government to reach the goal of electrification in Indonesia and plays major role in transforming Indonesian economic.
Sustainable Development Assessment on North Jakarta using Indicators and PLS-SEM Lilyana, Lilyana; Lovandhika, Naufal Sanca; Tambunan, Rudy P.; Utomo, Suyud Warno; Zagloel, Teuku Yuri M.; Gozali, Lina
Indonesian Journal of Energy Vol. 2 No. 1 (2019): Indonesian Journal of Energy
Publisher : Purnomo Yusgiantoro Center

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33116/ije.v2i1.35

Abstract

Indonesia, as the second longest coastline country in the world, contain a huge coastal area need to be managed. One way to manage coastal area is using monitoring systems, yet none of them has been effectively implemented in Indonesia. This research attempts to develop monitoring system using indicators. There were 105 indicators that chosen from references. Each of the indicators were filtered by scoring method and then be processed using PLS-SEM resulting 9 indicators and sustainability development monitoring model. Coastal Area of North Jakarta has been chosen as area to implementing the model since that area are dynamics and growing rapidly. Based on the model, coastal area of North Jakarta has good economic condition (62.2%), medium social condition (46.7%), and bad natural environment condition (38%). Sustainable development seems quite implemented in this area since the balance of Economic-Social-Natural Environment was on the medium and balanced category. By using GIS can be seen that the development that occurred in west side study area are better than middle or east side.
Wind Energy in Indonesia: Current Status, Potential, Challenge, Opportunities, and Future Policy Pristiandaru, Danur Lambang; Pambudi, Nugroho Agung
Indonesian Journal of Energy Vol. 2 No. 2 (2019): Indonesian Journal of Energy
Publisher : Purnomo Yusgiantoro Center

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33116/ije.v2i2.37

Abstract

Like many countries, an increase in population and economic growth has made Indonesia’s energy demands significantly raise. By 2050, Indonesia hopes to have 31% of its energy supply met by tapping on renewable energy, like the wind which can yield up to 16.7% of the power. However, the development of wind energy in Indonesia is still low. One underlying reason is the average speed of wind in Indonesia quite low, making it very difficult to produce energy on a large scale. Many of Indonesia’s current wind energy systems installed in remote locations, often as part of a development or research project in stand-alone or hybrid systems. These partly caused by a lack of confidence in wind power and not being sure of where could be the best locations for wind plants. This paper studies the status of wind energy in Indonesia, the challenges that it faces and future policies.
Laboratory Study: Biopolymer from Extraction Seeds of Kluwih and Jackfruit for Enhanced Oil Recovery Gajah, Ganesha; Arifin, Ihsan; Hidayat, Rahmad
Indonesian Journal of Energy Vol. 2 No. 2 (2019): Indonesian Journal of Energy
Publisher : Purnomo Yusgiantoro Center

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33116/ije.v2i2.38

Abstract

Polymer injection is a tertiary recovery that lowering the injection-oil water mobility ratio thus more efficient to produce oil. The increase in the polymer used for injection requires a large number of suitable polymers. Laboratory studies are necessary to develop new polymer produced domestically, with easily available materials, do not damage the environment, not harm the environment, and are economical. Seeds of Kluwih and Jackfruit contain the starch as a biopolymer for polymer injection because competent to act as a viscosifying agent thus repair the water-oil mobility ratio. Laboratory study is carried out through a series of processes. From starch extraction to polymer screening. The pure starch extraction is done by the wet method through a series of experiments carried out repeatedly. Observation with polymer screening was carried out on five tests. The rheology of polymers examined at two different polymer concentrations and temperatures to determine the viscosity at varying shear rate. Compatibility tests are reviewed to determine the homogeneous and the solubility of the polymer by the solvent. Filtration test is an entrapment test, know the relation between polymer molecule sizes and pore size distribution. The static polymer test is an adsorption test to know the polymer retention in the core caused by chemical interaction between core and polymer. The polymer flooding procedure is to know polymer performance to pushes remaining oil after waterflooding. The results show a pure starch without impurity content. In liquid, the starch acts as a viscosifying agent. Both of the two polymers degrade by shear rate and (polymer chain) broken at higher temperatures. Kluwih and Jackfruit starch dissolve homogeneously without a lumping. Polymer trapping and adsorption not dominantly occur by Jackfruit and Kluwih. The native polymer can enhance oil recovery but sensitive to the core and polymeric conditions.
Realism in the Trans ASEAN Gas Pipeline Project Syah, Rahmadha Akbar; Mahmud, Zaki Khudzaifi
Indonesian Journal of Energy Vol. 2 No. 2 (2019): Indonesian Journal of Energy
Publisher : Purnomo Yusgiantoro Center

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33116/ije.v2i2.39

Abstract

To improve connectivity and energy security, especially natural gas, Southeast Asian countries, under the cooperation of Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), are trying to build a gas pipeline that stretches from Indonesia to Myanmar. The project is called the Trans ASEAN Gas Pipeline (TAGP) under the ASEAN Plan of Action for Energy Cooperation (APAEC) scheme. However, regional countries are still dealing with their domestic problems, and there are fears that TAGP is detrimental to producer countries, resulting in the delay of this project as much by as four years – from 2020 to 2024. The uncertainty of the TAGP project further emphasizes that there is a tendency for countries not to adhere to the ASEAN forum’s agreements. Especially if it has to be juxtaposed with the Russian Gas Pipeline project which was built to distribute natural gas to Western European countries, TAGP is still far behind. In designing this paper, the authors use qualitative methods through literature studies by referring to the realism approach of International Relations to dissect TAGP problems. Furthermore, the author also feels the need to accommodate the neorealism approach to be used as a supportive approach in looking at the issues of disobedience in regional countries in supporting the TAGP scheme. Also, the authors conducted a brief comparison between TAGP and the Russian Gas Pipeline to be used as a case study analysis material that would later provide answers of why TAGP failed to go as planned.
Bioavtur Synthesis from Palm Fatty Acid Distillate through Hydrotreating and Hydrocracking Processes Sabarman, J.S.; Legowo, E.H.; Widiputri, D.I.; Siregar, A.R.
Indonesian Journal of Energy Vol. 2 No. 2 (2019): Indonesian Journal of Energy
Publisher : Purnomo Yusgiantoro Center

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33116/ije.v2i2.40

Abstract

Increasing concern in fossil fuel depletion and CO2 emissions create an urgent need for biofuel substitution. Bio-jet fuel is a possible alternative for conventional jet fuels which currently accounts for 2% of the world’s CO2 emission. Palm Fatty Acid Distillate (PFAD) is the byproduct of palm oil refinery process, which has a potential to become a promising raw material for the synthesis of bioavtur due to its high free fatty acid content. The oil-to-jet pathway is a possible route to produce bioavtur from PFAD, which includes hydrotreating, hydrocracking, and hydroisomerization processes. This research aims to investigate the hydrotreating and hydrocracking processes. The parameters that were investigated are temperature, solvent to PFAD ratio, catalyst loading, and pressure. The parameters variations were as follows: the temperature at 350oC and 400oC, the pressure at 40 bar and 32.5 bar, the solvent to PFAD ratio at 2:1 and 1:1, and the catalyst loading (%wt) at 1%, 2%, and 3%. Presulfided NiMo/?-Al2O3 PIDO 120 1.3 was used for one-step hydrotreating and hydrocracking processes. Results indicated that the 400oC provided better free fatty acid (FFA) conversion. FFA is also almost completely removed when the catalyst used is 3% weight. Solvent to PFAD ratio affected the FFA conversion marginally, while higher catalyst loading (3%) improved the FFA conversion. Gas chromatography results show that the hydrocarbon chains are successfully hydrocracked into C9-C17. The best selectivity of the product to bioavtur range was calculated at 68.99%. Solvent ratio affects the hydrocracking more significantly than the catalyst loading. One sample with temperature operation 400oC and solvent to PFAD ratio 1:1 was in the range of conventional avtur density. With the method used in this study, it can be concluded that PFAD is a promising raw material for bioavtur.
Model Validation of Biomass-Coal Blends Co-Pyrolysis to Produce Hybrid Coal Zahra, Aghietyas Choirun Az; Prasetyo, Hendi Aviano; Rizkiana, Jenny; Wulandari, Winny; Sasongko, Dwiwahju
Indonesian Journal of Energy Vol. 2 No. 2 (2019): Indonesian Journal of Energy
Publisher : Purnomo Yusgiantoro Center

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33116/ije.v2i2.41

Abstract

Co-pyrolysis of coal and biomass blend to produce hybrid coal has recently been experimentally studied by some previous researchers. For similar generated energy, a newly developed hybrid coal is claimed to be more environmentally friendly compared to the coal only due to the release of neutral CO2. To acquire a better understanding of co-pyrolysis of coal and biomass blend, an experiment had been carried out in a tubular furnace reactor. For this purpose, the blends of constant mass composition of 20 wt% sawdust and 80 wt% low-rank coal were used throughout the study. It was found from the experiment that approximately 42.1% carbon, and 1.6% of ash were produced from the co-pyrolysis blend. Then, a steady state simulation of co-pyrolysis was developed using Aspen Plus v8.8 to predict the hybrid coal carbon content and required heat to perform the co-pyrolysis. The model simulation showed that hybrid coal yielded 44.0% carbon, which was at 4.5% deviation from the experimental study. The model had also been successfully used to estimate heat required to produce hybrid coal. It predicted that the equivalent heat of 336.2 kW was required to produce hybrid coal from 1,000 kg/h blend feed. The heat generated by the modeling of sawdust biomass combustion for fuel purposes was also estimated to supply heat for endothermic co-pyrolysis. It was found that 1,000 kg/h sawdust was predicted to be equivalent to 371.4 kW. This suggests that for scaling up purpose, ratio of sawdust fuel to blend feed of 1:1.1 is sufficient for this process.

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