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International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences

IJAAS
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Published by Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

ISSN : 22528814 EISSN : 27222594 DOI : http://doi.org/10.11591/ijaas

Core Subject : Science, Education, Social,

Earth & Planetary Sciences Environmental Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Physics

International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences (IJAAS) is a peer-reviewed and open access journal dedicated to publish significant research findings in the field of applied and theoretical sciences. The journal is designed to serve researchers, developers, professionals, graduate students and others interested in state-of-the art research activities in applied science areas, which cover topics including: chemistry, physics, materials, nanoscience and nanotechnology, mathematics, statistics, geology and earth sciences.

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Articles 680 Documents

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A new approach to hide texts into images and audio files using steganography and cryptography techniques Miran Hikmat Mohammed
International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences Vol 11, No 4: December 2022
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

These days there are many security issues facing users while they are using the internet for exchanging information among them. And, users use technology devices, such as mobiles and computers, and they connect them to the network and internet. Therefore, users always looking for a safe way to exchange information locally and globally, when they are connecting to a network. Also, these problems lead them to many further issues such as losing privacy, hacking, and detecting personal information. Although, many security techniques have been used to solve these issues by creating many different software utilities; some of them worked perfectly to some extent, while some others still did not comply with the security environment. This research paper finds a new methodology to secure text information while exchanging among permitted users over the internet. This method is a combination of cryptography and steganography with audio and imaging multimedia, which works on hiding and encrypting information before sending it over a network. As result, this technique will add additional security processes to the data exchange, and it will provide a more reliable environment for the user to connect to the network. In addition, the quality of the data will not be altered or noticed during the encryption and decryption process.

Digital terrestrial television in Nigeria: A technical review of path loss modeling and optimization techniques Abolaji Okikiade Ilori; Kamoli Akinwale Amusa; Tolulope Christianah Erinosho
International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences Vol 11, No 3: September 2022
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

The switch from analog to digital terrestrial broadcasting (DTTV) has resulted in a substantial shift in the contemporary television broadcasting environment, introducing a new means of transmitting content, as well as a new and upgraded process that will improve consumer satisfaction by ensuring greater reception. Despite the deadline, only a small percentage of terrestrial television stations in Nigeria have been digitalized. This work takes a critical review of various aspects of DTTV implementation, ranging from evolution to path loss estimation, prospects and challenges associated with the switch-over on the very high frequency (VHF) communication links as well as various optimization techniques that are adopted for DTTV in Nigeria and sub-Sahara Africa. Findings show that the prospects are bright and numerous benefits are accruable if the government of Nigeria can solve the problems facing its full migration. Furthermore, investigations into the path-loss of DTTV in the ultra-high frequency (UHF) communication links have enjoyed scanty attention, therefore, careful examination and suitable path-loss model development in this frequency regime for television (TV) services across various ecological and vegetation zones should be considered as it will aid the full deployment of DTTV in Nigeria.

Pedestrian detection system based on deep learning Mohammed Razzok; Abdelmajid Badri; Ilham EL Mourabit; Yassine Ruichek; Aıcha Sahel
International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences Vol 11, No 3: September 2022
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Pedestrian detection is a rapidly growing field of computer vision with applications in smart cars, surveillance, automotive safety, and advanced robotics. Most of the success of the last few years has been driven by the rapid growth of deep learning, more efficient tools capable of learning semantic, high-level, deeper features of images are proposed. In this article, we investigated the task of pedestrian detection on roads using models based on convolutional neural networks. We compared the performance of standard state-of-the-art object detectors like Faster region-based convolutional network (R-CNN), single shot detector (SSD), and you only look once, version 3 (YOLOv3). Results show that YOLOv3 is the best object detection model than others for pedestrians in terms of detection and time prediction.

Interior topology: a new approach in topology Amer Himza Almyaly
International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences Vol 11, No 4: December 2022
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

This paper defined a new type of topology known as Interior topology. This work falls among the types of topology (such as general topology, supra topology, generalized topology, and filter) that are motivated by real-world concepts such as the orbits of planets around the sun, electron orbits around the nucleus, and so on. This form of topology is self-contained. The primary objective of this study is to respond to the question “Is general topology capable of producing Interior topology?”. Finally, we define the base for Interior topology which is called i-base.

Sono-hydrolysis of banana stem midrib using HY-zeolite from natural sand-based silica as a catalyst Sumari Sumari; Aman Santoso; Muhammad Roy Asrori; Yana Fajar Prakasa; Dinar Rachmadika Baharintasari
International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences Vol 11, No 4: December 2022
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Banana stem midrib has the potential as a glucose source through catalytic hydrolysis assisted by ultrasonic (sono-hydrolysis). Besides, natural sand-based silica is the potential as raw material for zeolite synthesis. The purpose of the study was to do two things: i) characterize HY-zeolite made from natural sand-based silica and ii) determine whether HY-zeolite is effective for sono-hydrolysis of banana stem midrib. There was a total of four processes that were carried out, including i) the extraction of silica, ii) the synthesis of HY zeolite, iii) the hydrolysis process, and iv) the glucose content test. The results of the study were gained two things: i) The findings of X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) on HY-zeolite are 2.3 Si/Al, obtained 2 theta and d-spacing data similarities for HY-zeolite, and formed T-O-T, O-T-O (T=Si/Al), and Si-OH groups respectively; and ii) HY-zeolite with ultrasonic was effective for hydrolyzing cellulose into glucose at maximum temperature and time, 55 °C and 6 hours.

Adaptive fuzzy sliding mode controller for a single-stage inverted pendulum Suprapto Suprapto; Masduki Zakarijah; Muslikhin Muslikhin
International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences Vol 11, No 4: December 2022
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Sliding mode controller (SMC) has become a popular traditional control method in industries due to the most effective control strategies employing nonlinear control and the ability to reject disturbances, particularly for line trajectory control. However, this control method has chattering problems due to high-frequency switching. To cope with the shortcoming, an artificial intelligence (AI) method is utilized in the traditional SMC to eliminate or reduce this chattering problem. This paper investigates an adaptive fuzzy logic system combined with SMC algorithm to alleviate the problem. Fuzzy logic is chosen due to its advantages in tackling nonlinear properties using if-then thinking, whereas SMC method can be applied due to its ability to reject disturbance control. The inverted pendulum is selected as a controlled object and simulated using MATLAB/Simulink to investigate this control method. By combining the fuzzy logic system and the SMC approach, the chattering problems can be adaptively reduced on the line trajectory tracking signal. The adaptive fuzzy SMC achieved better performance with fast response compared with previous literature algorithms for similar plants.

Tri-modal technique for medical images enhancement Kamoli Akinwale Amusa; Olumayowa Ayodeji Idowu; Isaiah Adediji Adejumobi; Gboyega Augustine Adebayo
International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences Vol 11, No 3: September 2022
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Owing to methods of acquisition, medical images often require enhancement for them to serve the intended purpose of computer-aided diagnosis. Most medical image enhancement techniques are application specific, leading to the introduction of different enhancement methods for different medical images. In addition, the execution time of most of the previous enhancement methods is longer than necessary. Hence, there is a need for a method that produces fast and satisfactory results when deployed for the enhancement of several medical images. This paper proposes a tri-modal technique, involving a hybrid combination of unsharp masking, logarithmic transformation, and histogram equalization approaches, for medical image enhancement. Three classes of medical images: X-ray, magnetic resonance, and computer tomographic images are used for the evaluations of the proposed tri-modal method, where absolute mean brightness error, peak signal-to-noise ratio, and entropy are utilized as performance metrics. Both qualitative and quantitative evaluations reveal that the proposed tri-modal method performed better than the four previous methods in the literature for the three classes of medical images used in the evaluation. Also, the execution time of the tri-modal technique compares well with those of mono-mode methods. Thus, the tri-modal technique produces better enhanced medical images from different medical image inputs.

An overview of the potential of Citrus hystrix (kaffir lime) essential oil as mosquito repellent Nurul Asyikin Md Zaki; Junaidah Jai; Izzat Syahmi Kamal Shahrizan; Dewi Selvia Fardhyanti; Megawati Megawati; Nadya Alfa Cahaya Imani
International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences Vol 11, No 4: December 2022
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

A chemical-based insect repellent such as N, N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (DEET) is commonly used against all insects despite its toxicity in humans. Hence, a repellent agent from natural sources of plant essential oil was introduced. Some of the plants which have the repellent potential are catnip, hairy basil, citronella, vetiver, clove, and citrus. Citronellal, citronellol, geraniol, eugenol, eugenol-acetate, and beta-caryophyllene are among the repellent active components in these plants. Citrus hystrix (kaffir lime) was known for several applications in food, health, and skincare, but its potential as mosquito repellent is still new. This overview paper highlights the potential of kaffir lime essential oil as a mosquito repellent and the encapsulation of essential oil related to mosquito repellent. Several studies on kaffir lime essential oil as mosquito repellent was conducted and revealed that the major repellent active components are citronellol and limonene. Pure kaffir lime essential oil provides one-hour repellent protection against the mosquito. However, an addition of 5% vanillin prolongs the protection time to three hours. Essential oil is easily vaporized at room temperature which shortens its effectiveness time. Encapsulation of the essential oil would control the vaporization process and hence prolong its efficiency. Nonetheless, almost no research work reported on the encapsulation of kaffir lime essential oil and the release mechanism of the encapsulated kaffir lime.

An evolutionary algorithm for the solution of multi-objective optimization problem Ubaid Ullah; Arif Ullah
International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences Vol 11, No 4: December 2022
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Worldwide, COVID-19 widespread has a significant impact on a great number of people. The hospital admittance issue for patients with COVID-19 has been optimized by previous research. Identifying the symptoms that can be used to determine a patient's health status, whether they are dead or alive is a difficult task for medical professionals. To solve this issue, the multi-objective group counseling optimization (MOGCO) algorithm was used to control this problem. First, the zitzler-deb-thiele (ZDT)-2 benchmark function is used to evaluate the MOGCO, multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO), and non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA) II. In comparison to MOPSO and NSGA-II, MOGCO is closest to the Pareto front line according to graphic statistics on different fitness evolution values such as 4000, 6000, 8000, and 10000. As a result, MOGCO is used for COVID-19 data optimization. Moreover, six symptoms (heart rate, oxygen saturation, fever, body pain, flue, and breath) were optimized to see if the COVID-19 patients were still alive. The information was gathered from GitHub. Based on the minimum and maximum values of these symptoms obtained by the suggested method, the optimum study shows that COVID-19 patients can remain alive.

Recent developments in offshore wind energy systems: Technologies and practices Saravanan Vasudevan; Venkatachalam Moorthy Kondayampalayam; Arumugam Murugesan
International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences Vol 11, No 3: September 2022
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

This paper deals with offshore wind power generation technologies, power transmission and grid communication features, and associated power system studies for effective implementation of offshore wind energy systems, explaining its various stages of implementation. Also, this paper reviews the latest trends in offshore wind energy systems, addressing various aspects like large wind farm siting, power evacuation studies, cable selection, high-voltage direct current/flexible alternating current transmission systems (HVDC/FACTS) technology options, reliability evaluation, and autonomous monitoring. India's renewable power generation capacity through off-shore wind generation is also outlined to ensure low carbon energy emissions with improved energy efficiency. The policy and regulatory framework factors for reaching five gigawatts (GW) of offshore wind projects in the states of Tamil Nadu and Gujarat by the year 2032 using current methods and advanced technology are discussed here. This goal can be accomplished using current practices and advanced technologies. For effective implementation of offshore wind farms, suitable measures and likely actions by various stakeholders are suggested.

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