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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pathology and Medical Laboratory (IJCPML)
Published by Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Patologi Klinik Indonesia
ISSN : 08544263     EISSN : 24774685     DOI : https://dx.doi.org/10.24293
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pathology and Medical Laboratory (IJCPML) is a journal published by “Association of Clinical Pathologist” professional association. This journal displays articles in the Clinical Pathology and Medical Laboratory scope. Clinical Pathology has a couple of subdivisions, namely: Clinical Chemistry, Hematology, Immunology and Serology, Microbiology and Infectious Disease, Hepatology, Cardiovascular, Endocrinology, Blood Transfusion, Nephrology, and Molecular Biology. Scientific articles of these topics, mainly emphasize on the laboratory examinations, pathophysiology, and pathogenesis in a disease.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 24 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 24, No 3 (2018)" : 24 Documents clear
HYPERCOAGULABILITY IN PATIENTS WITH LUNG CANCER UNDERGOING CHEMOTHERAPY Mariani Mariani; Herman Hariman; Noni Sari Soeroso
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 24, No 3 (2018)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v24i3.1404

Abstract

There is evidence that in the case of malignancies including lung cancer, that there is hypercoagulability. In spite of this, it is still not clear whether the course of chemotherapy alters the risk. This study aimed to investigate whether there was state of pre-thrombosis and hypercoagulability in patients with lung cancers and the underlying effect of chemotherapy during the treatment. Twelve lung cancer patients were recruited. Their stages and clinical performances were determined. The blood sample was taken before the chemotherapy, shortly after the first- and third-chemotherapy cycles, for the investigation of D-dimer, platelet count, PT (INR), ratios of APTT, and TT. The chemotherapy protocols vary from one patient to the others as well as between the 1st and the 3rd chemotherapy regimens although most of the protocols consist of carboplatin + gemcitabine or carboplatin + paclitaxel. From the thrombosis view of point, they were all asymptomatic and remained so during the period of investigation. Thrombosis is defined as an increase of D-dimer and hypercoagulability as finding one or more of PT (INR), ratio APTT, ratio TT <1.0. The trend of the result in the three sampling points was carried out by ANOVA, while Wilcoxon test for small samples did univariate analysis between two investigations. The result of PT, APTT, and TT indicating hypercoagulability showed that they remained unchanged until the third cycle of chemotherapy (p>0.05). The platelets of patients dropped significantly; median (range) 422 to 287 x 109/L before the chemotherapy to the end of the third cycle respectively. The D-Dimer of patients remained unchanged, however when it was investigated by univariate analysis in the group with D-Dimer >500 ng/mL, this group showed a decreased D-Dimer towards the end of the third cycle (p <0.05). This study demonstrated that there was hypercoagulability in patients with lung cancers before the chemotherapy until the 3rd cycle of chemotherapy. The course of chemotherapy did not alter hypercoagulability. However, in the group where pre-thrombosis had already happen as evidenced by high D-dimer (>500 ng/mL), the chemotherapy showed benefit regarding of reduction of the D-dimer which may lead to the possible breakdown of the existing thrombus.
DETERMINATION OF REACTIVE HBsAg CUT-OFF THAT NEED CONFIRMATORY TEST Sherly Purnamawaty; Irda Handayani; Asvin Nurulita; Uleng Bahrun
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 24, No 3 (2018)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v24i3.1335

Abstract

Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) is the earliest and most important serological marker for the diagnosis of HBV infection. The availability of new methods with a high sensitivity to detect HBsAg results in the increase of false reactive results so that a confirmatory test is needed,but this will increase the total test cost. A reactive cut-off value for a confirmatory test is needed to make the use of this test more efficient. This study was a cross-sectional. All the specimens with HBsAg >0.17 Cut-Off Index (COI) were confirmed with HBsAg confirmatory test. HBsAg test used a sandwich ELFA method while HBsAg confirmatory test used an antibody neutralization method. Analysis of the ROC curve obtained HBsAg cut-off value that need confirmatory test. Total samples were 80 with 51 (63.8%) confirmed reactive and 29 (36.2%) non-reactive. There was a statistically significant difference between HBsAg that confirmed reactive (median 2.76 COI) and non-reactive (median 0.32 COI) (p<0.001). ROC curve showed an AUC of 0.805 which meant a good diagnostic performance for HBsAg test based on a confirmatory test. The specificity of 89.66% and sensitivity 64.71% were obtained from the cut-off 1.08 COI and considered the best cut-off. Some possible causes of false reactive results were Hepatitis B vaccine, G-CSF therapy and limitation of the HBsAg methods. HBsAg cut-off with ELFA method that need HBsAg confirmatory test was <1.08 COI. The researchers suggests further studies with different sampling methods so a better data distribution can be obtained.
EVALUATION OF BLOOD GLUCOSE TESTING USING CONTOUR® PLUS GLUCOMETER Beauty, Venny; Sukartini, Ninik
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 24, No 3 (2018)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v24i3.1340

Abstract

The use of glucometers has been widely recommended to help patients in controlling their blood glucose level. This study compared the blood glucose level measured by Contour® Plus glucometer and Cobas c501 chemistry analyzer, as the reference method. The study design was cross-sectional and conducted in the Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital in April 2017. Study materials were 120 capillary blood examined by Contour® Plus glucometer and plasma analyzed by Cobas c501 chemistry analyzer. Precision, correlation, accuracy, and clinical accuracy tests were performed based on ISO 15197:2013, using Parkes error grid analysis. Contour® Plus glucometer yielded a CV of 1.56-2.2%, following the recommendation of the American Diabetes Association, of <5%, there was a strong positive correlation between the glucose level of capillary blood and plasma (r=0.997). Accuracy test based on ISO 15197:2013 showed that 100% of capillary blood glucose deviations were within the ±15 mg/dL range for glucose level <100 mg/dL and ±15% range for glucose level ≥100 mg/dL. Clinical accuracy test with Parkes error grid showed 100% of results were in zone A. Contour® Plus glucometer test results met the ISO 15197:2013 criteria, so the results were proportional to the reference method’s results and clinically acceptable. Contour® Plus glucometer is safe to be used in blood glucose monitoring, as long as careful attention is given to the device specifications.
LEUKOCYTE ESTERASE IN ASCITES FLUID FOR DETECTING SPONTANEOUS BACTERIAL PERITONITIS IN LIVER CIRRHOSIS Mawar Afrida; Ricke Loesnihari; Juwita Sembiring
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 24, No 3 (2018)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v24i3.1330

Abstract

Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis (SBP) is a frequent complication in liver cirrhosis with ascites patients. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis is often without symptoms, so diagnosis is often delayed. Ascites fluid analysis is expensive, while the ascites fluid culture, as the gold standard, takes a long time and is expensive too. Besides, not all hospitals have the facilities to do both tests. Dye strip test that detect leukocyte esterase, that was originally developed to detect the presence of polymorphonuclear cells in the urine was also sensitive and accurate for detecting the presence of polymorphonuclear cells in the ascites fluid. This examination is easy and quick to do and very cheap so that can be used for early detection of SBP. To determine the sensitivity, specificity, Positive Predictive Value (PPV) and Negative Predictive Value (NPV) of dye strip leukocyte esterase test for early detection of SBP in liver cirrhosis with ascites patients were studied. This study used a dye strip leukocyte esterase (Combur10 Test®M) in 28 samples of ascites fluid and compared with the results of ascites fluid culture. The ability of the leukocyte esterase test as a diagnostic test was very good at a cut-off +2 with 94.1% specificity, 63.6% sensitivity, 35% PPV and 80% NPV. Examination leukocyte esterase in the ascites fluid could be used for early detection of SBP in liver cirrhosis with ascites patients and could help to exclude SBP..
DIFFERENCES OF LIVER FUNCTION TESTS IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS WITH AND WITHOUT CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE Hendra Saputra; Burhanuddin Nasution; Santi Syafril
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 24, No 3 (2018)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v24i3.1408

Abstract

One of the macroangiopathic complications of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is Coronary Arterial Disease (CAD). Several studies showed that the liver was one of the organs involved in the pathological development of diabetes.The aim of this study was to find the differences of liver function in type 2 DM patients with CAD and without CAD. This was an analytical observational study with cross-sectional design. Forty-four type 2 DM patients with and without CAD at the Adam Malik Hospital Medan who came during June - August 2016 were studied for liver function (total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, AST and ALT). In this study, the average values of total bilirubin and direct bilirubin level in patients with CAD were found to be lower than without CAD. Statistically a significant difference revealed a total bilirubin (p < 0.001) and direct bilirubin (p = 0.001) in type 2 DM patients with and without CAD. There was a significant difference in liver function tests in DM type 2 patients with, and without coronary arterial disease, these data suggested that total billirubin and direct billirubin levels in type 2 DM patients with CAD were found lower than those without CAD. 
COMPARISON OF HPV DETECTION USING HC-II METHOD WITH PAP SMEAR SCREENING IN COMMERCIAL SEX WORKERS IN KEDIRI Erawati Erawati; Puspa Wardhani; Aryati Aryati
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 24, No 3 (2018)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v24i3.1336

Abstract

Female commercial sex workers are females that have multiple sexual partners and have high risk due to exposure to blood, semen, and vaginal discharge contaminated with microorganisms causing sexually transmitted disease such as infection caused by Human papillomavirus (HPV). This behavior creates a high susceptibility for commercial sex workers in obtaining HPV, which is the leading cause of cervical cancer. Cervical cancer is the most common cancer in females in Indonesia, which is why screening, especially for females with a high risk such as commercial sex workers, must be done. The purpose of this experiment was to compare the detection methods of HPV using Hybrid capture-II (HC-II) in order to find out high risks HPV types (type 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39,45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, and 68) by Pap smear done in commercial sex workers in Campurejo Kediri Public Health Center. This study was a descriptive observational experiment with a cross-sectional method. The samples of this experiment were 47 female commercial sex workers, whose detection of HPV using HC-II method was done at the Clinical Pathology Laboratory of the Dr. Soetomo Hospital Surabaya, where 32 samples showed positive results (68.1%) and were infected with high-risk HPV and 15 negative results (31.9%), from the Pap smear three samples (6.4%) showed dysplasia (Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia/CIN 1) and 44 samples (93.6%) showed normal smears with inflammation or infection in the cervix. Statistically showed a significant difference between the results of HC-II and Papsmear (p=0.000). 
DIFFERENCES OF ASYMMETRIC DIMETHYL ARGININE LEVEL IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY AND NON-DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY Nita Elvina Wisudawati; Coriejati Rita; Leni Lismayanti; Adhi Kristianto Sugianli
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 24, No 3 (2018)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v24i3.1420

Abstract

Endothelial dysfunction occurs early in Diabetic Nephropathy (DN), characterized by elevated Asymmetric Dimethylarginine (ADMA) levels. Increased ADMA levels may inhibit endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase (eNOS) production which are required for Nitric Oxide (NO) formation. Decreased NO levels can increase peripheral resistance and exacerbate the endothelial dysfunction. By knowing the difference of ADMA levels in DN and non-DN patients can help the follow-up and management for the progression of endothelial dysfunction. The purpose of this research was to know the difference of ADMA levels in DN and non-DN by a cross-sectional observational analytical method in 53 diabetes mellitus patients at the Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung (December 2016-July 2017). Urine samples were examined to calculate urinary creatinine albumin ratio (uACR) and serum for ADMA levels. Asymetric dimethylarginin was examined by micro ELISA. Most of the subjects were males (60.38%) with the highest age in the range of 55-64 years (45.28%). Increased ADMA levels were found in 100% of DN and 18.5% of non-DN. Median ADMA levels were found in DN 1.01(0.73-2.25) µmol/L and non-DN 0.57(0.27-1.17) µmol/L, showing a significant difference of ADMA levels (p<0.001). High ADMA levels showed endothelial dysfunction in DN. Serum ADMA levels in DN patients were higher than in non-DN. 
COMPARISON OF GLYCATED HEMOGLOBIN AND GLYCATED ALBUMIN IN TYPE 2 DM PATIENTS WITH AND WITHOUT CAD Andini Triasti Siregar; Nizam Zikri Akbar; Burhanuddin Nasution
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 24, No 3 (2018)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v24i3.1397

Abstract

Diabetes has been associated with Coronary Artery Disease (CAD). The atherosclerosis, underlying the pathogenesis of CAD, has been activated since the early stages of hyperglycemia and accelerated with uncontrolled blood sugar level fluctuations. Therefore, sensitive glycemic markers are required to be used as a screening instrument such as a traditional glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) glycated hemoglobin marker and non-traditional Glycated Albumin (GA). This study was a cross-sectional conducted on May - July 2017 at the Adam Malik Hospital Medan. Subjects were patients with HbA1c> 7%, Hb> 10 g/dL and albumin> 3 g/dL, divided into DM+CAD and non-CAD DM groups. Sixty patients participated in this study consisting of 36 males (60%) and 24 females (40%), with a mean age of 56 years. There was a significant difference between HbA1c and GA between the non-CAD DM group and DM + CAD (p=0.001; 0.022.) Patient characteristics did not affect CAD complications in DM patients; a significant difference indicated that poor glycemic control increased the complication of CAD in patients with DM type 2. Glycated albumin examination is recommended for patients with type 2 diabetes with CAD. 
CORRELATION BETWEEN PLATELET TO LYMPHOCYTE RATIO AND CORONARY ARTERY NARROWING Marziah, Enny; Aman, Adi Koesoema; Ketaren, Andre Pasha
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 24, No 3 (2018)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v24i3.1331

Abstract

Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) is one of the most common diseases of the cardiovascular system, characterized by atherosclerotic lesions. Atherosclerotic vascular processes are multifactorial. One of the factors is the process of inflammation. Platelet to Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR) is a marker that predicts the atherosclerotic coronary burden. The purpose of this research was to determine the correlation between platelet to lymphocyte ratio and coronary artery narrowing in CHD patients. This research was an analytical observation with a cross-sectional design, conducted on 54 patients with CHD who underwent angiography at the Adam Malik Hospital, Medan in February–October 2016. We examined platelet count, absolute lymphocyte count and percentage of coronary artery narrowing and coronary artery narrowing in CHD patients. There is a weak correlation between platelet to lymphocyte ratio and coronary artery narrowing in CHD patients ((r=0.276)). The result of the statistic test showed no significant correlation of platelet to lymphocyte ratio and coronary artery narrowing patients (p=0.043). In this study there is a weak correlation between platelet to lymphocyte ratio and coronary artery narrowing in CHD patients.
CORRELATION BETWEEN LEVEL OF SOLUBLE FAS AND DEGREE OF SEPSIS SEVERITY BASED ON APACHE II SCORE Pauline Hadisiswoyo; Endang Retnowati; Erwin Astha Triyono
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 24, No 3 (2018)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v24i3.1402

Abstract

A widely used scoring system to assess the severity of sepsis is Acute Physiology, Age, and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II scoring system, however there are some disadvantages in using this. Other parameters are needed to predict severity and outcome of sepsis. Proinflammatory cytokines and Fas receptors are increased in sepsis and their concentration elevations are correlated with disease severity. An increase of soluble Fas level will follow increasing Fas receptors. This study aimed to prove any correlation between the level of soluble Fas and degree of sepsis severity based on APACHE II score. A cross-sectional observational study was conducted in January-June 2015 on 30 septic patients. APACHE II scores were calculated from the patients’physiological data, age, and chronic health problem status. Levels of soluble Fas were measured using the ELISA method (Human FAS/ CD95 (Factor-Related Apoptosis) ELISA Kit, Elabscience Biotechnology). Levels of soluble Fas ranged between 1,049-2,783 pg/mL (1,855.7 ± 477.27 pg/mL). APACHE II scores varied between 4-29 (17.2 ± 5.82). Significant positive correlations between levels of soluble Fas and APACHE II score (r=0.347, p=0.03) were found. A prediction model of soluble Fas levels based on APACHE II score was made. Linear regression analysis produced a prediction model of soluble Fas levels based on APACHE II score, in which soluble Fas level= 1,365.8 + 28.485 x APACHE II score.  

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