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Red Ear Fungi (Auricularia Auricula) Infusion Reduce Blood Triglyceride Level in Dyslipidemic Rats Widi, Nareswara Anugrah; Sitorus, Truly D.; Rita, Coriejati
Althea Medical Journal Vol 2, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Althea Medical Journal

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (542.438 KB)

Background: Dyslipidemia is a risk fastor in atherosclerosis. In the long run, it can cause complications such as coronary artery disease and stroke. Dyslipidemia can be halted by beta glucan, a soluble fiber found in some species of fungi. This study was conducted to find the effect of red ear fungi infusion in reducing blood triglyceride level and the concentration that will give optimal reduction of blood triglyceride level.Methods: This was an analytical study using experimental laboratoric method. The study conducted in 25 male Wistar rats sorted in 5 groups during the period of September to October 2012 in Pharmacology Laboratory of General Hospital Hasan Sadikin, Bandung.Results: The result showed that mean difference of all three treatment group, which is group 3, group 4, and group 5 (87.08, 90.40, and 82.70 respectively) showed significancy compared to the positive control (group 2). Out of the three group, group 4 with 36% infusion concentration has the lowest mean difference from all of the treatment groups.Conclusions: Red ear fungi infusion reduce blood triglyceride level and infusion with 36% concentration was the optimal concentration in reducing blood triglyceride level. A further study can be done to find concentration range in which the infusion reduce blood triglyceride level optimally.Key words: beta glucan, red ear fungi infusion, triglyceride

Outcome of Pregnancy in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Yue, Erica Kwan; Rita, Coriejati; Hamijoyo, Laniyati
Indonesian Journal of Rheumatology Vol 9, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Indonesian Rheumatology Association

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Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease which involves many different organ systems and immunological abnormalities. SLE mainly affects females in their reproductive age. This study aimed to describe the fetal outcome, neonatalcomplications, maternal outcome, and obstetrics complication in patients diagnosed with SLE, in order to help the physicians to reduce the fetal loss, improve maternal morbidity, and reduce neonatal or maternal deaths.Method: This research was conducted using descriptive quantitative design. Data were obtained from direct interview noted in a report form and medical records. Subjects were SLE patients who came to Rheumatology Outpatient clinic, Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung from September 2016 to November 2016; and fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The minimal required sample was 96 subjects.Results: Due to time limitation, only 53 pregnancies from 40 females were managed to be recorded. The median age when being diagnosis of the subjects was 24 (14 - 41) years old. The fetal outcomes showed 64.2% live births, 18.9% spontaneous abortions, 9.4% intrauterine death, 1.8% intrauterine growth retardation, and 9.1% neonatal deaths. Neonatal complications included premature delivery, low birth weight, and growth retardation. Maternal complications during pregnancy included rash, pregnancy-inducedhypertension, arthritis, anemia, and thrombocytopenia. Furthermore, obstetric complications included 13.2% pre-eclampsia, 13.2% placenta previa, and 1.8% stroke.There were 2 cases (3.8%) of maternal death happened during the delivery.Conclusion: The most frequent maternal complications during pregnancy were arthritis and rash. Pre-eclampsia and placenta previa were the most frequent obstetric complications which experienced by the pregnant SLE patients. Exclude the live births, the most frequent fetal outcome was spontaneous abortion. The most frequent neonatal complications were preterm delivery and low birth weight.Keywords: pregnancy, systemic lupus erythematosus, fetal outcomes, maternal outcomes

Uji Validitas Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin sebagai Penanda Diagnosis Gangguan Ginjal Akut pada Sepsis Hidayat, -; Parwati, Ida; Gondodiputro, Rubin Surachno; Rita, Coriejati
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 44, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Gangguan ginjal akut (GgGA) merupakan penurunan fungsi ginjal secara mendadak yang ditandai dengan peningkatan kreatinin serum â‰¥0,3 mg/dL atau meningkat >1,5 kali dari kadar sebelumnya atau penurunan urine output (UO) <0,5 mL per jam selama >6 jam. Sepsis merupakan penyebab tersering GgGA dengan angka kejadian berkisar 20â€“50% dan angka kematian mendekati 70%. Kadar neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL) urine penderita GgGA dapat meningkat secara cepat dan lebih awal dibandingkan dengan kadar kreatinin serum sehingga NGAL dapat dijadikan penanda diagnosis GgGA. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui validitas NGAL urine sebagai penanda diagnosis GgGA pada penderita sepsis. Sebanyak 50 sampel urine diambil dari penderita sepsis di Unit Gawat Darurat (UGD), Intensive Care Unit (ICU), dan Medical Intermediate Care (MIC) di Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung selama Februari sampai Mei 2010 dan dilakukan pemeriksaan kadar NGAL urine dengan metode enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan uji nonparametrik Mann-Whitney, kurva receiver operating characteristic (ROC), dan uji validitas. Hasil penelitian didapatkan kadar NGAL urine penderita sepsis dengan GgGA lebih tinggi secara bermakna dibandingkan dengan penderita sepsis tanpa GgGA (3.380 ng/mL berbanding 116 ng/mL; p<0,001). Pada cut-off point 107 ng/mL, NGAL urine memiliki sensitivitas 100%, spesifisitas 36%, positive predictive value (PPV) 60,9%, negative predictive value (NPV) 100%, dan akurasi 68%. Simpulan, kadar NGAL urine memiliki validitas yang baik dan dapat dijadikan sebagai penanda diagnosis terjadinya GgGA pada penderita sepsis. [MKB. 2012;44(2):121â€“6].Â Validity Test of Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin as Diagnostic Marker forAcute Kidney Injury on SepsisAcute kidney injury (AKI) is an abrupt decrease of renal function which marked by increase of serum creatinine â‰¥0.3 mg/dL or â‰¥1.5 times of previous level or decrease urine output <0.5 mL/hour in >6 hours. Sepsis is the most common cause of AKI with incidence rate is about 20â€“50% and mortality nearly 70%. Urine neutrophil gelatinaseassociated lipocalin (NGAL) level in AKI patients can increase quickly and earlier compared with serum creatinine and could be as a marker for AKI. The purpose of this study was to assess the validity of urine NGAL as diagnostic marker of AKI on sepsis patients. Subjects were 50 urine samples of sepsis patients from Emergency Department (ED), Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and Medical Intermediate Care (MIC) in Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung between February and May 2010 and were examined with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Data analysis was performed by non parametric Mann-Whitney test, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and validity test.The results found that urine NGAL of AKI patients were significantly higher compared with non AKI patients (3,380 ng/mL vs 116 ng/mL, p<0.001). A cut-off point >107 ng/mL for urine NGAL had a sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 36%, positive predictive value (PPV) of 60.9%, negative predictive value (NPV) of 100% and accuracy of 68%. In conclusions, urinary NGAL level has good validity and could be used as a screening test for AKI on sepsis patients. [MKB. 2012;44(2):121â€“6].Â DOI:Â http://dx.doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v44n2.131

Validitas Kidney Injury Molecule-1 Urin Metode Mikro Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Sebagai Penanda Dini Gangguan Ginjal Akut pada Sepsis Balqis, Lulu Fahrizah; Noormartany, Noormartany; Gondodiputro, Rubin Surachno; Rita, Coriejati
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 48, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v48n1.729

Gangguan ginjal akut (GgGA) adalah penurunan fungsi ginjal ditandai peningkatan kreatinin serum â‰¥0,3 mg/dL atau >1,5 kali dibanding dengan kadar sebelumnya atau penurunan urine output <0,5 mL/jam lebih dari 6 jam. Sepsis merupakan penyebab tersering GgGA (20â€“50%). Kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) adalah glikoprotein transmembran tipe-1. Kadar KIM-1 urin penderita GgGA akibat sepsis meningkat lebih awal dibanding dengan kreatinin serum. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui validitas KIM-1 urin sebagai penanda dini GgGA pada sepsis, dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung periode Februariâ€“Mei 2013. Bentuk penelitian observasional analitik khusus dengan rancangan potong lintang. Subjek penelitian adalah penderita sepsis yang didiagnosis klinisi sesuai kriteria The American College of Chest Physician/The Society of Critical Care Medicine 2001, berdasarkan consecutive admission sampling. Metode yang digunakan mikro enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Analisis dengan chi-kuadrat, Mann-Whitney, tabel 2x2, dan kurva receiver operating curve untuk menghitung validitas. Subjek terdiri atas 25 penderita sepsis dengan GgGA dan 25 penderita sepsis tanpa GgGA. Kadar KIM-1 urin penderita sepsis dengan GgGA meningkat dibanding dengan tanpa GgGA. Kadar KIM-1 urine cut-off >0,8 ng/mL memiliki sensitivitas 96%, spesifisitas 60%, nilai duga positif 70,6%, nilai duga negatif 93,8%, dan akurasi 78%. Simpulan, sensitivitas KIM-1 urin tinggi, spesifisitas sedang sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai skrining GgGA pada penderita sepsis. [MKB. 2016;48(1):19â€“25]Kata kunci: GgGA, KIM-1, sepsis, validitasÂ Validity of Urinary Kidney Injury Molecule-1 Using Micro Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Method as an Early Marker of Acute Kidney Injury in Sepsis PatientsAAcute kidney injury (AKI) is a rapid decline in renal function marked by increased serum creatinine of â‰¥0.3 mg/dL or >1.5 times higher than the previous levels or decreased urine output of <0.5 mL/hour for more than 6 hours. Sepsis is the most common cause of AKI (20â€“50%). Kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) is a type-1 transmembrane glycoprotein. Urinary KIM-1 levels of sepsis patients due to AKI increases earlier than the serum creatinine levels; thus KIM-1 may serve as an AKI marker. This study aimed to determine the validity of urinary KIM-1 as the early marker in sepsis patients with AKI. The study was a specific observational analytical study with cross-sectional design, conducted in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung in Februaryâ€“May 2013. Subjects were patients diagnosed with sepsis by clinicians according to the criteria of the The American College of Chest Physician/The Society of Critical Care Medicine 2001 and were selected by consecutive sampling admissions. Urinary KIM-1 levels were measured by micro enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The data were analyzed by chi-square, Mann-Whitney, 2x2 tables, and receiver operating curve to measure validity. Subjects consisted of 25 sepsis patients with AKI and 25 sepsis patients without AKI. Urinary KIM-1 level of sepsis patient with AKI increased compared to patients without AKI. Level of urinary KIM-1 with a cut-off of >0.8 ng/mL presented 96% sensitivity, 60% specificity, 70.6% positive predictive value, 93.8% negative predictive value and 78% accuracy. In conclusion, the level of urinary KIM-1 has high sensitivity and moderate specificity thus can be used for AKI screening in sepsis patients. [MKB. 2016;48(1):19â€“25]Key words: AKI, KIM-1, sepsis, validity

The Effect of Leunca Fruit (Solanum nigrum Linn) Infusion in Inhibiting the Increase of Serum Glutamate Pyruvate Transaminase Level in CCL4 Induced Hepatitis Wistar Rats Kuswinarti Kuswinarti; Syifa Karmani; Coriejati Rita
Althea Medical Journal Vol 6, No 4 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Background: Hepatitis may cause liver cell damage due to the oxidation processes and can be inhibited by antioxidant components. Antioxidant acts as hepatoprotector by slowing down the oxidation process. Leunca fruits (Solanum nigrum Linn) contain antioxidants such as vitamin C and flavonoid. This study aimed to explore the effect of Leunca fruit infusion to inhibit the increase of serum Glutamate Pyruvate Transaminase (SGPT) level in Wistar rats’ blood.Methods: This was an experimental study using male Wistar rats, conducted in the Animal Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology and Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran between September−October 2012. The Hepatitis rats model was induced with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in 10% paraffin intraperitoneally as much as 8 mL/kgBW on day 8th. A 3 mL of leunca fruit infusion was given with a concentration of 22.5 g, 45 g, and 90 g per 100 mL, respectively. On the 10th day, serum was taken and SGPT was examined. Only food and distilled water were given to the negative control group. The result was analyzed by using a Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric test, followed by Mann-Whitney post hoc.Results: There was a significant difference between the negative control and hepatitis positive control group (p=0.009), indicating that the induction was successful. The dose 90 g/100 mL leunca had a significant different in SGPT concentration (p=0.047), suggesting that leunca fruit infusion had a significant effect on reduced SGPT level.Conclusions: Leunca fruit infusion has a hepatoprotective effect by inhibiting the increase of the SGPT level in CCl4 induced rats. Studies on the leunca effectiveness in human hepatitis need further exploration.

Red Ear Fungi (Auricularia Auricula) Infusion Reduce Blood Triglyceride Level in Dyslipidemic Rats Nareswara Anugrah Widi; Truly D. Sitorus; Coriejati Rita
Althea Medical Journal Vol 2, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (542.438 KB)

Background: Dyslipidemia is a risk fastor in atherosclerosis. In the long run, it can cause complications such as coronary artery disease and stroke. Dyslipidemia can be halted by beta glucan, a soluble fiber found in some species of fungi. This study was conducted to find the effect of red ear fungi infusion in reducing blood triglyceride level and the concentration that will give optimal reduction of blood triglyceride level.Methods: This was an analytical study using experimental laboratoric method. The study conducted in 25 male Wistar rats sorted in 5 groups during the period of September to October 2012 in Pharmacology Laboratory of General Hospital Hasan Sadikin, Bandung.Results: The result showed that mean difference of all three treatment group, which is group 3, group 4, and group 5 (87.08, 90.40, and 82.70 respectively) showed significancy compared to the positive control (group 2). Out of the three group, group 4 with 36% infusion concentration has the lowest mean difference from all of the treatment groups.Conclusions: Red ear fungi infusion reduce blood triglyceride level and infusion with 36% concentration was the optimal concentration in reducing blood triglyceride level. A further study can be done to find concentration range in which the infusion reduce blood triglyceride level optimally.Key words: beta glucan, red ear fungi infusion, triglyceride

Comparison of Interpretation between Pyrosequencing and Xpert MTB/RIF Assay in Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Linda Choerunnisa; Coriejati Rita; Anna Tjandrawati; Lidya Chaidir; Ida Parwati
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 52, No 4 (2020)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v52n4.2141

Indonesia is one of the countries with the highest multidrug-resistant tuberculosis cases in the world. Rapid molecular test using the Xpert MTB/RIF assay is one of the detection methods for MDR-TB. Early detection of MDR-TB is crucial for early initiation of treatment. However, Xpert MTB/RIF assay only detects the rpoB gene mutations associated with Rifampicin resistance. Recently, WHO recommends the use of Pyrosequencing, a DNA sequencing method that can detect not only the rpoB gene but also katG and/or inhA gene mutations associated with Isoniazid resistance. The aims of this study were to compare the interpretation between the two methods and to determine the differences in codon mutation position detection of the rpoB gene and mutation detection of the katG and/or inhA gene. This was a cross-sectional comparative observational study on patients ≥18 years old interpreted as RR-TB patients based on Xpert MTB/RIF assay results who had not received MDR-TB drugs at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia. Results showed there were 40 Rifampicin-resistant TB subjects interpreted by Xpert MTB/RIF assay while Pyrosequencing interpreted 30 MDR-TB, 9 RR-TB and one Isoniazid-resistant TB subjects in January - February 2020. The detection of rpoB gene codon mutation position between Xpert MTB/RIF assay and Pyrosequencing methods was not significantly different (p=0.389). Pyrosequencing had detected 27 katG gene mutations, 3 inhA gene mutations, one katG and inhA gene mutation. To conclude, Pyrosequencing can be used for accurate detection of Rifampicin and Isoniazid resistance in MDR-TB. Perbandingan Hasil Interpretasi antara Pyrosequencing dengan Xpert MTB/RIF Assay pada Multidrug-Resistant TuberculosisIndonesia merupakan salah satu negara dengan kasus multidrug-resistant tuberculosis terbanyak. Penegakan diagnosis MDR-TB saat ini menggunakan tes cepat molekular Xpert MTB/RIF assay sehingga pasien segera mendapatkan pengobatan. Namun Xpert MTB/RIF assay hanya mendeteksi mutasi gen rpoB penyandi resistansi Rifampisin. World Health Organization merekomendasikan Pyrosequencing, metode sequencing nukleotida yang dapat mendeteksi mutasi gen rpoB, gen katG dan/atau inhA penyandi resistansi Isoniazid. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan apakah kedua alat ini memberikan hasil interpretasi yang sama, apakah ada perbedaan deteksi posisi mutasi kodon gen rpoB dan apakah ditemukan mutasi gen katG dan/atau inhA. Penelitian ini merupakan studi observasional komparatif dengan rancangan cross-sectional. Subjek penelitian adalah pasien usia ≥18 tahun yang diinterpretasi RR-TB berdasarkan Xpert MTB/RIF assay di RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung dan belum mendapat pengobatan. Xpert MTB/RIF assay menginterpretasi 40 subjek Rifampicin-resistant TB sedangkan Pyrosequencing menginterpretasi 30 subjek MDR-TB, 9 subjek RR-TB dan satu subjek Isoniazid-resistant TB pada bulan Januari-Februari 2020. Deteksi posisi mutasi kodon gen rpoB antara Xpert MTB/RIF assay dan Pyrosequencing tidak berbeda bermakna (p=0,389). Pyrosequencing mendeteksi 27 mutasi gen katG, 3 mutasi gen inhA, satu mutasi gen katG dan inhA. Kesimpulan, Pyrosequencing dapat digunakan untuk deteksi resistansi Rifampisin dan Isoniazid pada MDR-TB secara lebih akurat.

PROPORTION OF ISOMORPHIC ERYTROCYTE URINE IN DIABETIC KIDNEY DISEASE WITH FLOW CYTOMETRY METHODS Erica Catarina; Coriejati Rita; Basti Andriyoko; Ida Parwati
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 25, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v25i1.1480

Hematuria can be found in diabetic kidney disease. Urinary erythrocytes morphology can differentiate hematuria in diabetic kidney disease from other glomerular disorders. Different etiologies need different management. Urinalysis with flowcytometry method can directly give information about urine erythrocyte morphology which is not obtained by the conventional method. The aim of this study was to determine the proportion of urinary isomorphic erythrocytes in diabetic kidney disease. This was a descriptive cross-sectional study in the Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung from July 2016 to July 2017. Subjects were 38 patients who have been diagnosed as diabetic kidney disease by clinicians and had hematuria. Random urine samples were collected for erythrocytes morphology assay by using flowcytometry method and u-ACR values by using spectrophotometry method. The result of this study was 57.9% male, with the most frequent age were 55-64 years old group (34.2%) and 63.2% from all subject were included in the macroalbuminuria category. In erythrocyte morphology assay, 84.2% was isomorphic erythrocyte which 83.3% was macroalbuminuria group. The proportion of hematuria in diabetic kidney disease with automated integrated urine flowcytometry method was dominated by isomorphic erythrocyte morphology. Isomorphic erythrocytes in DM did not mean absence of glomerular abnormalities.

ELEKTROFORESIS PROTEIN SERUM PASIEN DENGAN KADAR PROTEIN NORMAL Tiene Rostini; Coriejati Rita
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 15, No 3 (2009)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v15i3.962

Serum protein electrophoresis pattern can assist in diagnosis of liver disease, hematological disorders, renal disorders andgastrointestinal disease. Measurement of total protein level in the serum cannot detect any disorders in patient with normal limit ofserum total protein level. The aim of this study; was to evaluate the serum protein electrophoresis pattern in patient with normal limitsof serum protein level. This research was carried out by descriptive retrospective study using the electrophoresis data from patients’medical record at the Clinical Pathology Department, Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung. The data of serum electrophoresis (bySebia gel electrophoresis) were grouped based on disease or disorders, and confirmed with the diagnosis derived from patient’s medicalrecord. Inclusion criteria of samples if ; the electrophoresis data were available, serum total protein level within normal limits (6.4–8.3mg/dL), and the data of electrophoresis taken from medical record were taken from August 2006 until August 2008. The result foundso far was, there were 240 data of electrophoresis from patients with serum protein level within normal limits (6.4–8.3 mg/dL). theinterpretation of electrophoresis consist of: 1) inflammation (149 patients; 62.2% ; sensitivity 83.7%, specificity 86,5%) 2) Cirrhosis(46 patients ; 19.2% ; sensitivity 87.5% ; specificity 88.4%) 3) Nephritic syndrome (15 patients ; 6.2%; sensitivity 53%; specificity96.9% 4) Monoclonal gammophaty (15 patients(6.2% ; sensitivity 80% ; specificity 98.7%) 5) Normal pattern in 15 patient (6.2%).This study found abnormal serum protein electrophoresis pattern in the condition of inflammation, Cirrhosis, Nephritic Syndrome, andMonoclonal gammophaty. It can be concluded that many disorders could be detected in patient with serum protein level within normallimits such as: inflammation, cirrhosis, nephritis syndrome and monoclonal gammophaty by abnormal electrophoresis pattern

Campylobacteriosis in An Outbreak of Foodborne Disease at Bantar Gadung Village Palabuhan Ratu Luhung Budiailmiawan; Ida Parwati; Coriejati Rita; Dewi Lokida
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 28, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v28i2.1815

Campylobacteriosis is a rare enteritis case in Indonesia. On September 12, 2019, there was an outbreak of foodborne diseases with the symptoms of fever, abdominal cramps, and bloody diarrhea after eating food from the Tahlilan (funeral prayer) ceremonial at Bantar Gadung village Palabuhan Ratu Sukabumi. The laboratory and epidemiological investigationwere performed. Fresh stool samples were collected from 18 suspected cases. Gram stain, routine stool examination, and PCR were performed. The PCR method was used based on the nested PCR method by Platts-Mills et al. for Campylobacter spp. The positive result was identified by visualization in gel electrophoresis at 816-bp. Interview, environmental investigation, and analysis of incidence rate were performed for epidemiological study. The majority of patients were males aged 33-48 years old. The main symptoms were fever (100%), abdominal cramps (100%), and bloody diarrhea (11/18;61%). Nine of them (9/11; 82%) were confirmed by Gram staining as Gram- negative bacteria, with comma, s-shaped, or seagull appearance, as presumptive Campylobacter spp. Two patients (2/18;11%) were confirmed infected with Campylobacterspp. by PCR and sequencing tests. It has been found that this outbreak was caused by food contaminated with Campylobacter spp. The incidence rate of Campylobacteriosis in this outbreak was 11%.

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