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JURNAL ILMIAH ADVOKASI
Published by Universitas Labuhanbatu
ISSN : 23377216     EISSN : 26206625     DOI : 10.36987/jiad
Core Subject : Social,
Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice
Jurnal Ilmiah ADVOKASI adalah jurnal yang dikelola oleh Fakultas Hukum Universitas Labuhanbatu, Sumatera Utara. Jurnal Ilmiah ADVOKASI menerima artikel ilmiah dari hasil penelitian, diterbitkan 2 nomor dalam satu volume setiap bulan pada bulan Maret dan September. Jurnal ini fokus mempublikasi hasil penelitian orisinal yang belum diterbitkan di manapun pada bidang Ilmu Hukum dan aplikasi ilmu Hukum dan Perundang-undangan.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Hukum
Articles 437 Documents
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PENGHENTIAN PENYIDIKAN TINDAK PIDANA PENGGELAPAN MELALUI KEADILAN RESTORATIF: ANALISIS IMPLEMENTASI DI POLSEK ILIR TIMUR II PALEMBANG M. Hamkah Yuditara; Erli Salia; Ismail Pettanase
Jurnal Ilmiah Advokasi Vol 14, No 3 (2026): Jurnal Ilmiah Advokasi
Publisher : Universitas Labuhanbatu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36987/jiad.v14i3.9103

Abstract

The termination of criminal investigations through restorative justice represents a development in criminal law enforcement that places victim restoration, offender accountability, and conflict resolution as important components of the legal process. In cases of embezzlement, the application of this mechanism raises legal issues because the Indonesian Code of Criminal Procedure (KUHAP) in force at the time the case was handled did not explicitly recognize reconciliation as a ground for terminating an investigation, whereas Regulation of the Indonesian National Police No. 8 of 2021 provides a legal basis for investigators to terminate inquiries or investigations based on restorative justice. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the termination of criminal investigations through restorative justice in embezzlement cases at the Ilir Timur II Police Sector in Palembang, particularly in terms of legality, implementation mechanisms, police discretion, the effectiveness of case resolution, and legal certainty. This study employs empirical legal research using a socio-legal approach and a case study design. Data were obtained through legal document analysis, observation, interviews with police officers, victims, and offenders, as well as case-handling data from the Ilir Timur II Police Sector. Data were analyzed interactively through data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing and verification (Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña 2014). The findings indicate that the termination of the investigation in Case No. B/92/IV/2023/SPKT/Polsek Ilir Timur II/Polrestabes Palembang was carried out through the investigation process, facilitation of reconciliation, fulfillment of the victim’s rights, and termination of the investigation based on restorative justice. The effectiveness of the resolution is reflected in the achievement of reconciliation and the restoration of the victim’s losses; however, challenges remain regarding the implementation of the settlement agreement and legal certainty in the event that the agreement is not fulfilled. This study identifies a normative tension between Article 109 paragraph (2) of the KUHAP and Regulation of the Indonesian National Police No. 8 of 2021, indicating that the practice of restorative justice at the police level has developed through police discretion and sectoral regulations. The novelty of this study lies in its empirical analysis of the relationship between the legal norms governing the termination of investigations, police discretion, and the implementation of restorative justice at the police-sector level.Keywords: Restorative Justice; Termination of Investigation; SP3; Embezzlement; Police Discretion; Legal Certainty.
PENEGAKAN HUKUM KESELAMATAN PELAYARAN OLEH PPNS SYAHBANDAR BERDASARKAN PERATURAN MENTERI PERHUBUNGAN NOMOR 20 TAHUN 2015 Cahyo Susanto
Jurnal Ilmiah Advokasi Vol 14, No 3 (2026): Jurnal Ilmiah Advokasi
Publisher : Universitas Labuhanbatu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36987/jiad.v14i3.9307

Abstract

As an archipelagic state, Indonesia requires an effective maritime safety enforcement system to control accident risks and protect users of maritime space. This study aims to analyze the authority of the Harbor Master (Syahbandar) in maritime administration and the effectiveness of enforcing maritime safety standards under Minister of Transportation Regulation No. PM 20 of 2015. This normative legal research is supported by empirical data and employs statutory, conceptual, and empirical approaches. Empirical data were obtained through documentation of reports on damage to traditional fishing boats and fishing gear in the Cilacap Port area and analyzed qualitatively using a descriptive-analytical juridical method. The findings demonstrate that Syahbandar formally possesses preventive and repressive authority, yet its implementation remains ineffective. The repressive function of Syahbandar Civil Servant Investigators remains weak, while enforcement is dominated by administrative and persuasive measures. This condition is influenced by limited investigative capacity, inadequate supervisory facilities, weak inter-agency coordination, and low compliance among maritime actors.Keywords: Shipping Safety; Law Enforcement; Shipping Safety Standards.
PROBLEMATIKA PEMBUKTIAN ELEKTRONIK DALAM PENYIDIKAN TINDAK PIDANA AKSES TANPA HAK: STUDI EMPIRIS DI KEPOLISIAN DAERAH JAWA TIMUR Dewinta Maharani; Eka Nanda Ravizki
Jurnal Ilmiah Advokasi Vol 14, No 3 (2026): Jurnal Ilmiah Advokasi
Publisher : Universitas Labuhanbatu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36987/jiad.v14i3.9046

Abstract

AbstractUnauthorized access to electronic systems presents new challenges for the criminal justice system because its evidentiary process relies heavily on electronic data that are volatile, susceptible to alteration, and require standardized forensic procedures. Although unauthorized access offenses are regulated under the Electronic Information and Transactions Law, and personal data protection has been strengthened through the Personal Data Protection Law, a gap remains between the normative framework, investigative practices, and the standardization of electronic evidence. This study aims to analyze the investigation mechanism for unauthorized access offenses, identify the problems associated with electronic evidence, and examine the integration of their handling within the framework of the Integrated Criminal Justice System (ICJS) at the Cyber Investigation Directorate of the East Java Regional Police. The study employs an empirical legal method using socio-legal, statutory, and case approaches. Primary data were obtained through interviews with investigators from the Cyber Investigation Directorate of the East Java Regional Police, while secondary data were obtained from legislation, case documents, court decisions, books, and scholarly articles. The data were analyzed qualitatively through interpretive analysis and content analysis and validated through triangulation between interview findings and case documents. The findings indicate that the investigation of Case Number 293/Pid.Sus/2023/PN Mjk operationalized the provisions of criminal procedural law, the Electronic Information and Transactions Law, the Personal Data Protection Law, and police investigative procedures. However, the practice of electronic evidence examination continues to face regulatory fragmentation, inconsistent digital forensic procedures, dependence on individual investigator capabilities, technical limitations, and suboptimal inter-agency coordination. These findings demonstrate that the primary problem is not merely the absence of a legal basis, but rather the lack of integration among legal norms, institutional structures, technical standards, and evidentiary practices within a consistent procedural regime. This study contributes to the development of an integrated cyber-investigation model through the harmonization of procedural law, standardization of digital forensic protocols, strengthening of cross-agency coordination, and enhancement of investigator capacity. The study implies the need for integrated technical guidelines on electronic evidence and stronger implementation of the ICJS to ensure the authenticity of evidence, procedural consistency, protection of rights, and legal certainty.Keywords: Unauthorized Access; Electronic Evidence; Digital Forensics; Cyber Investigation; Integrated Criminal Justice System
KEWENANGAN DISNAKERTRANS PROVINSI JAWA TIMUR DALAM PENANGANAN KASUS PENAHANAN IJAZAH DITINJAU DARI ASAS-ASAS UMUM PEMERINTAHAN YANG BAIK (AUPB) Mahesa Perkasa; Adhitya Widya Kartika
Jurnal Ilmiah Advokasi Vol 14, No 3 (2026): Jurnal Ilmiah Advokasi
Publisher : Universitas Labuhanbatu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36987/jiad.v14i3.9037

Abstract

Diploma retention by employers is a practice that may restrict workers' rights and raise legal issues concerning the exercise of governmental authority in the field of employment. This study aims to analyze the authority of the Industrial Relations and Social Security Division of the East Java Provincial Manpower and Transmigration Office in handling diploma retention cases based on the General Principles of Good Governance (AUPB) and to formulate an authority norm reconstruction to strengthen legal certainty and law enforcement effectiveness. This study employs an empirical legal research method using an AUPB-based approach. Data were obtained through in-depth interviews, observations of case-handling processes, and analysis of administrative documents relating to complaints and case resolution. The data were analyzed descriptively and qualitatively by evaluating the exercise of authority based on the principles of legal certainty, impartiality, proportionality, and the prohibition of abuse of authority. The findings demonstrate a gap between the legal prohibition of diploma retention and its implementation in practice. Of the 144 cases recorded during the research period, none were processed through criminal proceedings, while the cases were predominantly resolved through mediation. This practice raises concerns regarding the principle of legal certainty due to the inconsistency between the prescribed criminal sanctions and actual enforcement; the principle of impartiality because, in certain cases, mediators actively participated in formulating settlement schemes that linked the return of diplomas to payment obligations; and the principle of carefulness due to the absence of adequate standard operating procedures, objective case-disposition criteria, and monitoring mechanisms. This study proposes an authority norm reconstruction through objective criteria for case handling, a clear separation between mediation and sanction enforcement, procedural standardization, mandatory legal review, escalation mechanisms, worker protection, and strengthened transparency and accountability. The novelty of this study lies in formulating an AUPB-based model of governmental authority for handling diploma retention cases that integrates dispute resolution mechanisms with legal certainty and accountable law enforcement.Keywords: General Principles of Good Governance; government authority; mediation; diploma retention; norm reconstruction
EFEKTIVITAS PENGAWASAN APBD OLEH DPRD KOTA PAGAR ALAM: PROBLEMATIKA KELEMBAGAAN DAN PARTISIPASI PUBLIK Halipan Matsohan; Erli Salia; Darmadi Djufri
Jurnal Ilmiah Advokasi Vol 14, No 3 (2026): Jurnal Ilmiah Advokasi
Publisher : Universitas Labuhanbatu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36987/jiad.v14i3.9107

Abstract

The effectiveness of Regional House of Representatives (DPRD) oversight of the Regional Revenue and Expenditure Budget (APBD) is essential to ensure that public funds are managed transparently, accountably, and in accordance with regional development priorities. Although previous studies have examined the oversight function of local legislatures, empirical studies that integrate institutional capacity and public participation in the oversight of APBD, particularly in smaller municipalities such as Pagar Alam City, remain limited. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of APBD oversight by the Pagar Alam City DPRD by examining the institutional and participatory factors that constrain the implementation of its oversight function. The study employs a qualitative empirical approach based on document analysis, interviews, and participatory observation. The analysis is informed by the theories of checks and balances, good governance, Weberian bureaucracy, and public participation. The findings indicate that the effectiveness of DPRD oversight is constrained primarily by two interrelated patterns: limited institutional capacity and weak external accountability mechanisms. Limited technical competence in public finance, fragmented oversight among commissions, and the absence of standardized performance-based oversight procedures weaken the capacity of DPRD to evaluate budget implementation substantively. At the same time, limited public participation and suboptimal coordination with regional government agencies and internal oversight institutions reduce the flow of information required for effective legislative control. Political dynamics further complicate the independence of oversight. The study argues that strengthening APBD oversight requires not merely the expansion of formal legislative powers, but the development of institutional capacity, performance-based oversight procedures, meaningful public participation, and inter-institutional coordination. The findings contribute to the understanding of how checks and balances operate at the local level within the context of decentralized governance.Keywords: APBD; DPRD Oversight; Institutional Capacity; Public Participation; Good Governance.
ADMINISTRATIVE ENFORCEMENT OF CIVIL SERVANT DISCIPLINE IN REGIONAL GOVERNMENTS: EVIDENCE FROM PRABUMULIH CITY Neliasni Neliasni; Erli Erli Salia; Abdul Latif Mahfuz
Jurnal Ilmiah Advokasi Vol 14, No 3 (2026): Jurnal Ilmiah Advokasi
Publisher : Universitas Labuhanbatu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36987/jiad.v14i3.9063

Abstract

Civil servant discipline is a fundamental component of accountable public administration because the effectiveness of government institutions depends not only on regulatory frameworks but also on the institutional capacity and legal culture of the bureaucracy implementing them. Although civil servant discipline has been extensively regulated under Law Number 20 of 2023 concerning the State Civil Apparatus and Government Regulation Number 94 of 2021 concerning Civil Servant Discipline, limited attention has been given to how disciplinary authority is implemented at the regional level and how institutional, procedural, technological, and legal-cultural constraints influence enforcement. This study examines the administrative enforcement of civil servant discipline by the Civil Service and Human Resources Development Agency (BKPSDM) of Prabumulih City and identifies the legal and administrative factors that constrain its effectiveness. The study employs empirical juridical (socio-legal) research using statutory and field approaches. Primary data are derived from field information and institutional materials, while secondary data are obtained from legislation and relevant academic literature. Data are analyzed qualitatively through a socio-legal interpretive approach. The findings indicate that BKPSDM has a strategic role in disciplinary supervision, examination, clarification, administrative processing, and the formulation of disciplinary recommendations. However, its effectiveness is constrained by regulatory changes, limitations in disciplinary authority, complex administrative procedures, limited human-resource capacity, suboptimal technology-based supervision, and legal-cultural factors within the bureaucracy. These findings indicate that the problem of disciplinary enforcement is not merely normative but also institutional and organizational. The study contributes to the understanding of regional civil service governance by demonstrating how institutional authority and legal culture interact in determining the effectiveness of administrative discipline enforcement. Strengthening disciplinary governance therefore requires clearer authority arrangements, integrated digital monitoring, continuous administrative-law training, and stronger internalization of disciplinary and accountability values.Keywords: Civil Servant Discipline; State Civil Apparatus Governance; Administrative Law Enforcement; Bureaucratic Accountability; Regional Government Administration
REASSESSING THE EVIDENTIARY VALUE OF VILLAGE-ISSUED LAND ACKNOWLEDGMENT LETTERS IN INDONESIAN LAND DISPUTE ADJUDICATION Jimi Cristian; Mulyadi Tanzili; Syamsul Syamsul
Jurnal Ilmiah Advokasi Vol 14, No 3 (2026): Jurnal Ilmiah Advokasi
Publisher : Universitas Labuhanbatu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36987/jiad.v14i3.9064

Abstract

Village-issued land acknowledgment letters remain frequently relied upon in Indonesian land disputes, particularly where land rights have not been formally registered. However, their evidentiary value and relationship with the formal land registration system remain subject to judicial assessment. This study examines the evidentiary value of a land acknowledgment letter issued by a village head in the adjudication of a land-control dispute, with particular reference to Muara Enim District Court Decision Number 36/Pdt.G/2023/PN.Mre. The study employs normative legal research using statutory, conceptual, and case approaches. Primary legal materials consist of legislation and the court decision, while secondary materials include legal scholarship concerning civil evidence, land registration, and procedural law. The analysis applies statutory interpretation, doctrinal analysis, and judicial reasoning analysis. The study argues that a village-issued acknowledgment letter cannot automatically be equated with a registered land certificate; nevertheless, it may possess evidentiary relevance when assessed together with other evidence concerning the origin, control, and continuity of land possession. Its evidentiary significance therefore depends not only on the document itself but also on its legal basis, the authority of its issuer, consistency with other evidence, and the factual circumstances considered by the court. The study contributes to clarifying the doctrinal position of village-issued land documents in Indonesian civil litigation and to strengthening legal certainty in land dispute adjudication.Keywords: Civil Procedure Law; Evidentiary Value; Land Dispute; Village-Issued Land Letter; Land Registration; Judicial Decision

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