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Muchamad Arif
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INDONESIA
MOTORIC
Published by Universitas Narotama Surabaya
ISSN : 25805851     EISSN : 25805851     DOI : https://doi.org/10.31090/m.v3i2.893
Core Subject : Education,
Education
Motoric is dedicated published scientific article in the field of teaching aid, education, and kid studies
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 132 Documents
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THE DESIGN AND EFFICACY OF INTERACTIVE DIGITAL SIMULATIONS FOR PRESCHOOL COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT: INTEGRATING PIAGET’S PREOPERATIONAL THEORY AND MAYER’S MULTIMEDIA PRINCIPLES Junaedi, Lukman; Arif, Muchamad; Virdaus, Varia Virdania; Rofiyarti, Fitri; Faviandhani, Qausya
MOTORIC Vol 9 No 2 (2025): Volume 9 No 2 Desember 2025
Publisher : Universitas Narotama

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Abstract

Early Childhood Education (ECE) plays a critical role in shaping foundational cognitive skills, particularly during the preoperational stage (ages 2–7 years) as theorized by Jean Piaget. Children in this phase learn optimally through active, symbolic manipulation and play. However, the global shift towards digital learning necessitates a robust instructional design framework to overcome the limitations of passive media and mitigate the risks of cognitive overload often associated with poorly structured digital content. This study addresses the urgent need for empirically validated, theory-driven digital learning tools for ECE by systematically integrating Piaget’s developmental rationale with Richard E. Mayer’s Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning (CTML). The research employed a systematic Research and Development (R&D) approach using the five-phase ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). The analysis phase defined specific cognitive targets (e.g., shape, number, and color recognition) suitable for preoperational learners. The design and development phases strictly implemented key CTML principles, such as the Coherence Principle (eliminating extraneous materials like non-essential background music) and the Modality Principle (using audio narration instead of on-screen text to prevent dual-channel overload), thereby optimizing cognitive processing efficiency for young learners. The intervention—an interactive digital simulation designed around these principles—was implemented with a sample of ECE children in Indonesia. The efficacy of the intervention was evaluated using a pre-test post-test quasi-experimental design. The results demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in the cognitive performance of the treatment group (p < 0.05). Specifically, children exposed to the CTML-designed simulation showed an average cognitive gain of 25% to 30% in targeted skills (classification, counting, and problem-solving) compared to their baseline scores. This substantial gain validates the combined theoretical approach. The study concludes that the effectiveness of digital media in ECE is not inherent to the technology itself but is directly proportional to the rigor of the instructional design, confirming that minimizing extraneous cognitive load through Mayer's principles enables more efficient assimilation and accommodation of new knowledge, aligning perfectly with Piagetian demands for active learning. Future research should explore the long-term retention effects and integrate more immersive technologies like Augmented Reality (AR).10Keywords: Interactive Digital Learning; Cognitive Development; Piaget's Preoperational Stage; Multimedia Learning Principles. Keywords: Interactive Digital Learning; Cognitive Development; Piaget's Preoperational Stage; Multimedia Learning Principles
MANAJEMEN PENGGUNAAN MEDIA DIGITAL DI PAUD TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN BAHASA ANAK USIA DINI Faviandhani, Qausya; Rofiyarti, Fitri
MOTORIC Vol 9 No 2 (2025): Volume 9 No 2 Desember 2025
Publisher : Universitas Narotama

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Abstract

ABSTRACT This study aims to analyze the management of digital media use in early childhood education (PAUD) and its impact on the language development of young children. The research approach used a mixed method with a sequential explanatory design. Quantitative data were obtained through questionnaires and observations of children's language development, while qualitative data were obtained through interviews and in-depth observations. The study sample consisted of 40 PAUD teachers and 80 children aged 4–6 years from three PAUD institutions in Surabaya and Sidoarjo. The results showed that digital media management which includes planning, media selection, duration settings, mentoring, and evaluation has a significant impact on children's language development (p < 0.05). PAUDs that implement structured digital media management show better achievements in vocabulary development, speaking skills, and listening skills than PAUDs that do not have clear media management. Qualitative analysis shows that teacher mentoring is a key factor in ensuring that digital media use is interactive, not passive. These findings emphasize the importance of effective digital media management in supporting the stimulation of early childhood language development. Keywords: Digital Media Management, Early Childhood Education, Language Development, Early Childhood
MENINGKATKAN KOSAKATA DENGAN MEDIA WORDWALL PADA ANAK KELOMPOK KELAS B DI TK ADINDA SURABAYA CATUR YAWALIUL FATIMAH; Sugito Muzaqi
MOTORIC Vol 10 No 1 (2026): Volume 10 No 1 Juni 2026
Publisher : Universitas Narotama

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Abstract

Language is one of the learning programs in Kindergarten aimed at developing fundamental skills that enable students to communicate orally with their environment. In language instruction, one aspect that preschool children learn is word mastery, which aims to increase the number of words students can comprehend. Based on interviews with teachers, the letter mastery of students in Class B at Adinda Kindergarten, Sidosermo, Wonocolo Subdistrict, Surabaya City, is still low. The primary issue significantly affecting students' word mastery is the use of inappropriate teaching methods by teachers and the limited utilization of instructional media. Therefore, appropriate teaching methods and media are required to enhance word mastery. One media that can facilitate more enjoyable classroom learning is the digital game application called Wordwall. The research was conducted in Class B at Adinda Kindergarten, with a total of 9 students observed. The assessment criteria were categorized as follows: poor (1-4), fair (5-8), good (9-12), and excellent (13-16). The observation was divided into three stages: pre-cycle, cycle I, and cycle II. In the pre-cycle stage, the average score of the 9 students was 7, categorized as good. In cycle I, the average score increased to 10, also categorized as good. Finally, in cycle II, the average score further improved to 11.89, remaining in the good category. Keywords: drawing creativity, plant media, class action
MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MOTORIK KASAR ANAK MELALUI BERMAIN BOWLING SEDERHANA PADA ANAK KELOMPOK A DI TK TUNAS BANGSA SURABAYA TAHUN PELAJARAN 2022/2023 DITA AYU TRISNAWATI; Varia Virdania Virdaus
MOTORIC Vol 10 No 1 (2026): Volume 10 No 1 Juni 2026
Publisher : Universitas Narotama

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31090/m.v10i1.2416

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan melempar bola secara terarah melalui bermain bowling sederhana pada anak Kelompok A di TK TUNAS BANGSA SURABAYA. Kemampuan melempar bola secara terarah merupakan salah satu perkembangan yang penting bagi anak usia dini sehingga peneliti memfokuskan pada unsur ketepatan anak dalam penelitian ini. Objek penelitian ini ialah 15 anak Kelompok A TK Tunas Bangsa Surabaya, dalam penelitian ini peningkatan melempar bola secara terarah melalui bermain bowling sederhana. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi dengan instrumen lembar observasi checklist. Teknik analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Indikator keberhasilan pada kemampuan melempar bola secara terarah adalah 80% . Hasil penelitian ini yaitu pada pra tindakan tingkat pencapaian 20%. Setelah dilakukan tindakan Siklus I terjadi peningkatan yaitu 46,7%. Selanjutnya Siklus II hasil yang dicapai yaitu 80% yang telah sesuai dengan indikator yang telah ditentukan yaitu 80%. Langkah-langkah dalam permainan bowling sederhana yang dapat meningkatkan kemampuan melempar bola secara terarah yaitu guru mengajak anak-anak untuk bermain di luar ruangan, guru menyiapkan alat permainan bowling sederhana, guru mengukur jarak untuk melempar yaitu 5 meter dari pin bowling, sebelum bermainan anak-anak melakukan pemanasan terlebih dahulu, guru memberikan contoh bagaimana cara melempar, guru memanggil anak satu per satu untuk praktek bermain bowling, dan setiap anak diberi tiga kali kesempatan untuk melempar.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN PENGHARGAAN STIKER GAMBAR TERHADAP KEDISIPLIN ANAK PADA KEGIATAN AWAL PEMBELAJARAN DARING DI TK TWINKLE SURABAYA Nadya Yudhistia Anggraini; Sugito Muzaqi
MOTORIC Vol 10 No 1 (2026): Volume 10 No 1 Juni 2026
Publisher : Universitas Narotama

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Abstract

Descipline is one of the problems in Twinkle Kindergarten Surabaya. Undisciplined behaviors disrupt the process of learning and teaching, so it needs an effort to improve the discipline of children, for example by giving rewards.Sticker’s reward that are put on the board can motivate children to improve discipline. The reward consist of two kinds of stickers, smile stickers to discipline children and sad stickers to undisciplined children. In this study, subjects consisted of nine children in group B Twinkle Kindergarten Surabaya. The study was conducted before treatment and after treatment, the baseline and experiment. At the end of the day, the teacher will calculate stickers that children get to know their effects on child discipline.The results showed an increase in discipline in the experimental group. Because the statistical test value of t-table Wilcoxon Matched Pairs obtained T0 = -1. because < T0,025 = 2,262, the null hypothesis (H0) is rejected. So it can be concluded from this study, that the sticker’s rewards have an influence on the increase in children’s discipline in group B Twinkle Kindergarten Surabaya.
ANALISIS STRATEGI GURU DALAM MENGELOLA PERILAKU TANTRUM PADA ANAK USIA DINI DI TK KRISTEN “BAIK” PAPUA Ludia Napan; Varia Virdania Virdaus
MOTORIC Vol 10 No 1 (2026): Volume 10 No 1 Juni 2026
Publisher : Universitas Narotama

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This study aims to describe the forms of tantrums that occur in early childhood and analyze teacher strategies in managing tantrum behavior in the "Baik" Christian Kindergarten in Papua. Tantrums in early childhood are a form of emotional outburst that can appear through loud crying, screaming, throwing objects, refusing to be touched, or rolling on the floor when the child is not yet able to manage his feelings appropriately. This study used a descriptive qualitative approach. The subjects were teachers of the "Baik" Christian Kindergarten who directly interact with early childhood and have experience in handling tantrums in the classroom. Data collection techniques were carried out through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The results showed that children's tantrums generally occur when children feel frustrated, their toys are taken, their work is disturbed, or they are not yet able to understand the concept of sharing. Teacher strategies in managing tantrum behavior are carried out through empathetic, preventive, corrective, and reflective approaches. The empathetic approach is carried out by approaching the child slowly, providing gentle touch, hugs, and using positive words. The preventive approach is carried out by creating a comfortable classroom atmosphere, providing directions before activities, and establishing routines that make children feel safe. The corrective approach involves gently setting boundaries, while the reflective approach is implemented after the child has calmed down through simple dialogue about their feelings. Research findings also indicate that the values ??of love, patience, closeness to Papuan culture, and Christian values ??support teachers' strategies in creating a safe and conducive learning environment for children's social-emotional development. Keywords: teacher strategies, tantrums, early childhood, emotional regulation, ECE
PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN MOTORIK KASAR ANAK USIA DINI MELALUI KEGIATAN TARI BEBEK DI TK ASSALAM SURABAYA Ayu Indah Wilasti; Muchamad Arif
MOTORIC Vol 10 No 1 (2026): Volume 10 No 1 Juni 2026
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This study aims to improve the gross motor skills of early childhood through duck dance activities at Assalam Kindergarten Surabaya. This study was motivated by the low gross motor skills of children in group B, especially in the aspects of motor coordination, balance, agility, flexibility, and the ability to adjust body movements to the rhythm of music. The research method used was Classroom Action Research (CAR) which was carried out in three cycles. Each cycle consisted of planning, action implementation, observation, and reflection. The subjects of the study were 15 children in group B of Assalam Kindergarten Surabaya. Data collection techniques were carried out through structured observation, documentation, and performance assessment based on children's gross motor indicators. Data analysis techniques used quantitative descriptive analysis by calculating the percentage of children's gross motor development in each cycle. The results showed that duck dance activities can improve children's gross motor skills. In the pre-cycle, children's achievements were still low, namely 27% in the first indicator, 13% in the second indicator, and 20% in the third indicator. After the action was carried out, the results increased in the first cycle to 40%, 27%, and 33%. In cycle II, improvements were seen at 53%, 47%, and 60%. Furthermore, in cycle III, children's gross motor skills increased to 80% in the first indicator, 87% in the second indicator, and 93% in the third indicator. These results indicate that the duck dance activity can improve children's gross motor skills because the movements are simple, repetitive, and fun, and involve hand and foot coordination, body balance, and adjustment of movements to the rhythm of the music. Thus, the duck dance activity can be used as an effective alternative learning activity to stimulate gross motor development in early childhood. Keywords: gross motor skills, duck dance, early childhood, classroom action research
PENERAPAN MEDIA BUSY BOOK UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN KOGNITIF ANAK KELOMPOK A TK WACHID HASYIM 2 SURABAYA Bina Ras Santri; Anisa Yunita Sari
MOTORIC Vol 10 No 1 (2026): Volume 10 No 1 Juni 2026
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This study aimed to determine the success of using video production to improve students' English speaking skills. The video had a different topic for each meeting. It used descriptive qualitative. The observations were conducted in 3 meetings. The research subjects were 19 students, consisting of 12 women and 7 men. The teaching aids were Google Meet and Edmodo. The results of the study showed that the usage of Edmodo was easily accessible, that is, you can use a PC, laptop and smartphone, and even Edmodo software was available on the Playstore. Then, Edmodo had a feature to create small groups. It was to avoid students' lies about uploading their assignments. However, Edmodo did not have a video conferencing feature, so one of the solutions was to use Google Meet. Furthermore, the implementation of video production could increase their confidence to speak English and they could even improve their video editing skills or knowledge. Keywords: cognitive, busy book, learning media, number concept
STUDI KASUS KEMAMPUAN LITERASI ANAK YANG DAPAT MENULIS TETAPI BELUM BISA MEMBACA DI TK AISYAH 28 Devi Novita Yuniar Astutik; Muchamad Arif
MOTORIC Vol 10 No 1 (2026): Volume 10 No 1 Juni 2026
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This study aims to describe the literacy skills of early childhood children who can write but not yet read at Aisyiyah 28 Kindergarten. This phenomenon is interesting to study because it shows an imbalance between writing and reading skills in early childhood. The child who is the focus of the study has been able to write letters of the alphabet, copy simple words, and write his own name, but still has difficulty in recognizing letter sounds, reading simple words, and understanding the meaning of the words he writes. This study uses a qualitative approach with a single case study type. The subject of the study was a preschool child at Aisyiyah 28 Kindergarten who was selected purposively because he showed the characteristics of being able to write but not yet able to read. Data collection techniques were carried out through participatory observation, semi-structured interviews with teachers and parents, and documentation in the form of writing results, development notes, and the child's literacy portfolio. Data were analyzed qualitatively through the process of data reduction, data grouping, theme arrangement, interpretation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the initial study showed that children's writing skills developed first because children were more often stimulated by activities such as copying letters, writing names, and imitating word forms. Conversely, reading skills have not developed optimally because children are still limited in recognizing the relationship between letters, sounds, and word meaning. Factors suspected of influencing this condition include literacy stimulation that emphasizes writing activities, limited sound-based reading activities, and the need for support appropriate to the child's cognitive developmental stage. This research is expected to provide insight into the importance of balancing reading and writing activities in early literacy learning for young children. Keywords: early literacy, early reading, early writing, early childhood, case study
IMPLEMENTASI PENDEKATAN ETNOPEDAGOGI MELALUI LEGENDA JOKO TOLE DALAM MENGEMBANGKAN SOSIAL EMOSIONAL PADA ANAK USIA DINI DI TK. BUSTANUL ATHFAL AL ROHMAH BANGKALAN MADURA Robiatul Adawiyah; Fitri Rofiyarti
MOTORIC Vol 10 No 1 (2026): Volume 10 No 1 Juni 2026
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This study aims to describe the implementation of the ethnopedagogy approach through the Legend of Joko Tole in developing the social-emotional skills of early childhood at Bustanul Athfal Al Rohmah Kindergarten, Bangkalan, Madura. The background of this study is based on the importance of children's social-emotional development from an early age, especially in the aspects of cooperation, empathy, responsibility, courage, emotional control, and concern for peers. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach. The subjects of the study were children aged 5–6 years and teachers at Bustanul Athfal Al Rohmah Kindergarten, Bangkalan. Data collection techniques were carried out through observation, interviews, documentation, and triangulation. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of the ethnopedagogy approach through the Legend of Joko Tole was carried out through storytelling activities, simple discussions, role-playing, character value familiarization, and the introduction of local Madurese culture in learning. The values ??contained in the Legend of Joko Tole, such as courage, honesty, responsibility, resilience, care, and respect for parents, are able to provide positive stimulation to children's social-emotional development. Children demonstrated increased courage in expressing opinions, cooperative skills, mutual assistance, patience in waiting their turn, and emotional control during learning activities. Therefore, an ethnopedagogical approach through the Legend of Joko Tole can be an effective contextual learning strategy for instilling socio-emotional values ??while introducing local wisdom to young children.. Keywords: ethnopedagogy, Legend of Joko Tole, socio-emotional, early childhood, local wisdom

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