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Kinetika
Published by Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya
ISSN : 16939050     EISSN : 26231417     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Energy Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology
Artikel ilmiah yang dipublikasikan merupakan hasil-hasil riset/penelitian dalam bidang Teknik Kimia, Bioteknologi, Energi dan Lingkungan, Agroindustri dan pangan, serta Petrokimia.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik Kimia (semua kategori) - Teknik Kimia (Lain-Lain)
Articles 214 Documents
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PENGOLAHAN AIR BUNGAN LIMBAH LAUNDRY MENGGUNAKAN BOTTOM ASH SEBAGAI MEDIA ADSORPSI Fadarina; Indah Purnama Sari; Hafizh Rasi Harahap
KINETIKA Vol. 12 No. 2 (2021): KINETIKA 01072021
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

The development of the laundry industry needs attention because generally laundry industry players dispose of waste directly into receiving waters, which causes the water environment to become polluted. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct research to reduce levels of pollutants (BOD, COD, pH, and phosphate). One of the processing techniques that can be used to treat laundry wastewater is the adsorption process. Adsorption occurs because of the attractive forces between the adsorbate molecules on the adsorbent surface. In this study, bottom ash was used as an adsorbent to absorb pollutant levels from laundry waste. This study aims to determine the quality of the absorption of bottom ash adsorbent on the reduction of pollutant levels from laundry waste and the effectiveness of reducing pH, phosphate, COD and BOD levels on variations in the time and weight of the adsorbent used. This laundry waste treatment goes through several stages such as raw material preparation, initial analysis, absorption of laundry waste using bottom ash and final analysis. The results showed that the values of COD, BOD, pH and phosphate after absorption were obtained values of 354.8 mg / L, 129.2 mg / L, 7 and 0.095 mg / L, respectively.
KINETIKA ADSORPSI KARBON AKTIF DALAM PENURUNAN KONSENTRASI LOGAM TEMBAGA (Cu) DAN TIMBAL (Pb) Ulfa Meila Anggriani; Abu Hasan; Indah Purnamasari1
KINETIKA Vol. 12 No. 2 (2021): KINETIKA 01072021
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

Heavy metals cause environmental pollution and affect human health because they are toxic. Cu and Pb are heavy metals that are often found in environmental pollution. One of the methods to reduce Cu (II) and Pb (II) metal content is adsorption using activated carbon. The purpose of this study was to determine the ability of activated carbon to absorb Cu (II) and Pb (II) metals, as well as to calculate its kinetics and adsorption capacity. Activated carbon with a certain amount (1 g and 1.5 g) is added to 50 ml of Cu (II) and Pb (II) metal solution for a certain time (0 - 40 minutes). The results obtained after the adsorption process were analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). From the results of AAS analysis, it was found that activated carbon with a mass of 1.5 grams and a contact time of adsorption for 40 minutes was the most effective in reducing the concentration of Cu (II) and Pb (II) metals. Cu (II) metal adsorption follows Freundlich adsorption isotherm model while Pb (II) metal follows Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. The adsorption kinetics pattern of Cu (II) and Pb (II) metals follows second order kinetic adsorptions
PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH CUCIAN SEBAGAI SUMBER FOSFAT RAMAH LINGKUNGAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN Rahmat Dwi Aprian; Fadarina; Indah Purnamasari
KINETIKA Vol. 12 No. 2 (2021): KINETIKA 01072021
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

The use of detergent in washing activities is increasing in line with the population growth rate every year. Laundry waste generated by the use of detergents contains active ingredients which are harmful to the health of living things and can damage the environment and cause eutrophication. One method of processing that can be used to treat laundry waste is by using activated carbon as an adsorbent. This study aims to determine the best conditions for treating laundry waste using activated carbon and to be able to utilize laundry waste as a source of phosphate for plant growth. Laundry waste is treated with the addition of activated carbon as much as 5, 10, 15 and 20 grams per one liter of laundry waste with a variation of time 20, 40 and 60 minutes and a constant stirring speed at 200 rpm. The parameters analyzed were pH, COD, BOD, phosphate concentration and the effect on the growth of chili plants observed for 9 weeks. The results showed that the pH level remained constant at a value of 7, and the BOD, COD and phosphate concentrations decreased to 53.6, 227.3 and 0.178 mg/L, respectively. The adsorption isotherm model is closer to the Freundlich isotherm model with R2 value of 0.9835-0.9998. And there is no significant effect on the provision of laundry waste after treatment on the growth of the tested plants.
PEMANFAATAN TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis) DAN SERBUK KAYU JATI (Tectona Grandis) DALAM PEMBUATAN HURUF TIMBUL KOMPOSIT BERUPA PAPAN PARTIKEL Anerasari Meidinariasty; Fadarina; Muhammad Hadiid Fadhlillah
KINETIKA Vol. 12 No. 2 (2021): KINETIKA 01072021
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

Composite letter sign can be made from particle board. This study aims to produce composite letters sign in the form of particle board with the raw materials of Empty Bunch of Oil Palm, Teak Sawdust and Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) recycled plastics using the hot press method. This study used variations in the concentration of NaOH in the alkalization process. The concentration variations used were 0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% and 5%. The particle board was analyzed based on SNI 03-2105-2006 including moisture content, water absorption, density, thickness expansion, modulus of rapture and modulus of elasticity. The results of the analysis showed that in the test of water absorption, density and thickness expansion did not significantly influence the variation in NaOH concentration. However, in the test of water content, modulus of rapture and modulus of elasticity have an effect, this is indicated by the increasing concentration of NaOH, the more the quality of the particle board increases. The particle board used NaOH 5% concentration variations became the most optimum with water content data of 2.85%, modulus of rapture of 194.65 kgf/cm2 and modulus of elasticity of 7007.90 kgf/cm2
KONVERSI LIMBAH PLASTIK LDPE MENJADI BAHAN BAKAR CAIR (BBC) MENGGUNAKAN KATALIS ALUMINIUM OKSIDA DAN Arizal Aswan; Adi Syakdani; Agus Manggala; Ica Monika; Miranda Dwi Cendani
KINETIKA Vol. 12 No. 2 (2021): KINETIKA 01072021
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

According to data from the Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan (KLHK), the amount of waste in Indonesiain 2019 reached 68 million tons, and plastic waste is estimated at 9,52 million tons. Considering that the nature of plastic is difficult to decompose, it is necessary to handle environmentally friendly waste. One of the countermeasures for plastic waste is to convert it into liquid fuel through the pyrolysis process. The pyrolysis of LDPE plastic uses a catalytic cracking method with aluminium oxide and zeolite as catalyst. The independent variable of this study is the pyrolysis temperature variation. The temperature used are 150℃, 200℃, 250℃, 300℃, 350℃, 400℃, 450℃ and 500℃. The highest %yield using aluminium oxide was obtained at 350℃ is 8.34%, while higest %yield using zeolite was obtained at 500℃ is 10.5%.Based on the analysis conducted, it was found that the oil density using aluminium oxide was in the range746.66 kg/m3-815.61 kg/m3, when using zeolite oil density was in the range 0.72 gr/ml-0.758gr/ml. viscosity using aluminium oxide was in the range 2.143 mm2/s-2.730mm2/s and using zeolite was in the range 2.8893 cSt – 3.4589 cSt, flash point ranges from 26℃-32℃, calorific value using aluminium oxide using zeolite was 7587,1678 cal/gr and the results of pyrolysis oil using aluminium oxide and zeolite catalyst the GCMS analysis show that the highest percentage is the C8-C10 chain of 45.13% and 63%..
Review Artikel PRODUKSI BIOETANOL BERBAHAN DASAR LIMBAH KULIT KOPI SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKAR ALTERNATIF Rizanti Fadilah Azzahra; Meilianti
KINETIKA Vol. 12 No. 2 (2021): KINETIKA 01072021
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

Bioethanol is an innovative solution that is environmentally friendly and able to reduce pollution by agricultural wastes. It has high oxygen content and burns more completely than gasoline. The research was aimed to utilize coffee skin wastes which is known generally as a primary industrial waste for producing a value-added products and to reduce environmental pollution burden as well as to evaluate the potential for bioethanol production at probable optimum conditions using Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Using two different international journals, this article review will compare the methods used from both journals that have the highest bioethanol yield as an alternative biofuel.
Review Artikel VARIASI PRODUKSI BIOETANOL DARI AMPAS TEBU Rizki Nurjanah; Martha Aznury
KINETIKA Vol. 12 No. 2 (2021): KINETIKA 01072021
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

Bioethanol is ethanol made from plants that contain starch, sugar and other cellulosic plants. The general methods used are hydrolysis and anaerobic fermentation methods. This review aims to compare the results of several studies on the manufacture of bioethanol from various raw materials and the treatment of variations in fermentation pH, type of yeast, and fermentation time. Based on the studies that have been carried out, it can be concluded that the largest yield of bioethanol yields is found in research conducted by Guiherme et al. (2019) showing that the yield of bioethanol from bagasse is 88% w / v with. with alkaline pretreatment hydrolysis and anaerobic fermentation methods using the enzymes Kluyveromyces marxianus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Then the second largest result was found in research according to Goshandrou et al. (2014) which produced a percent ethanol of 81% v / v from bagasse. with hydrolysis and anaerobic fermentation methods through the Zygomicetes enzyme.
RANCANG BANGUN ABSORBER AMMONIA (DITINJAU DARI LAJU ALIR, TINGGI PACKING DAN VARIASI PACKING TERHADAP KONSENTRASI AMMONIA) Dwi Nugroho, Afrian; Sabrina, Delanisa; Agustin Pratiwi, Ines; Yerizam, Muhammad; M, Anerasari
KINETIKA Vol. 12 No. 3 (2021): KINETIKA 01112021
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

The formulation of the problem in this study is how to design an absorber device (in terms of flow rate, packing height, and packing variation to ammonia concentration). This study aims to obtain 1 unit of ammonia absorber, reduce ammonia gas levels with an ammonia absorber and get the effect of H2O flow rate, packing height and packing variations on NH3 concentrations. The data analysis used was univariate analysis and bivariate analysis. The data collection technique used was purposive sampling. The research resulted in 1 unit of ammonia absorber with a tower diameter of 3.5 cm and a tower height of 60 cm. The results showed that the effect of H2O flow rate on ammonia concentration was very influential, it was found that the NH3 concentration value on packing height, namely: at the lowest height of 5 cm the amount of NH3 concentration was 5.9690 N and at a height of 60 cm the amount of NH3 concentration was 4.7518 N. The higher the packing height, the lower the NH3 concentration value, the NH3 concentration value obtained on the packing variation, namely: marbles packing of 4.198 N, stainless steel packing of 2.026 N and packi
PENGARUH JUMLAH KATALIS ALUMINA SILIKA PADA PROSES PEMBUATAN BAHAN BAKAR CAIR LIMBAH PLASTIK HDPE DAN LDPE Arjuansyah, Meji; Aditya Saputra, Marwan; Zurohaina; Ridwan, KA; Zikri, Ahmad
KINETIKA Vol. 12 No. 3 (2021): KINETIKA 01112021
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

As the world's population increases, consumption of plastic goods is increasing. Plastic waste, both from industry and households has increased sharply. The increase in the amount of plastic is due to the fact that plastic has many advantages compared to other materials. The increase in the amount of plastic waste will have a negative impact on the environment so that there is a need for handling to reduce the amount of plastic waste. Therefore, there is a need for handling to reduce the amount of plastic waste. One alternative to reducing the amount of plastic waste which is more profitable is converting plastic waste into liquid fuel. This can be done because basically plastic comes from petroleum, so it just needs to be returned to its original shape. In addition, plastic also has a high calorific value, equivalent to fossil fuels such as gasoline and diesel. This study conducted the processing of HDPE and LDPE plastic waste into liquid fuel using an Alumina Silica catalyst and the effect of the amount of catalyst based on raw materials at 480oC and 400oC was carried out. From the research results, it is known that the optimum catalyst obtained from research on HDPE raw materials is 15% catalyst with oil volume of 794.1 ml, density 787.19 kg/m3, flash point 29°C, viscosity 2.8101 mm2/s and % yield 29.20%. Meanwhile, from research on LDPE raw materials, namely 5% catalyst with oil volume of 240.64 ml, density 767.8 kg / m3, flash point 29°C, viscosity of 2.9651 mm2/s and % yield 12,03%
ANALISIS SYNGAS GASIFIKASI BATUBARA TIPE DOWNDRAFT DITINJAU DARI VARIASI UKURAN BATUBARA DAN TINGGI ISIAN PACKING ABSORBER Fadjrin Ismaily, Muhammad; Kurniawaty, Fegi; Syarif, Aida; Rusnadi, Irawan; Febriana, Ida
KINETIKA Vol. 12 No. 3 (2021): KINETIKA 01112021
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

Coal gasification is the process of converting low rank coal into syngas which can be used as fuel. One of the factors that affect the quality of syngas is the size of coal particles. Meanwhile, to produce clean syngas, the gas from the combustion reactor is flowed through a packed bed absorber filled with marbles to reduce the incompatible particulate gases that are still contained in the syngas. The variations in the size of the coal used in this study are 3-4 cm, 5-6 cm, and 7-8 cm. While the variation of the height of the packing absorber filling used was 9.75 cm, 19.5 cm, 29.25 cm and 39 cm. The composition of the best combustible gas from the variation of coal size and the variation in the filling height of the absorber packing is found in the coal size 3-4 cm, and the packing filling height is 39 cm. With combustible gases (CO, H2 and CH4) produced by 10.9%, 10.5% and 0.9%, the volume of O2 and CO2 is 0.1% and 10.1%, the syngas volume of the absorber output is 2473.47 m3 and the LHV syngas is 6.932 MJ/kg.

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