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Kinetika
Published by Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya
ISSN : 16939050     EISSN : 26231417     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Energy Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology
Artikel ilmiah yang dipublikasikan merupakan hasil-hasil riset/penelitian dalam bidang Teknik Kimia, Bioteknologi, Energi dan Lingkungan, Agroindustri dan pangan, serta Petrokimia.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik Kimia (semua kategori) - Teknik Kimia (Lain-Lain)
Articles 214 Documents
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PRODUK GEL HAND SANITIZER BERBAHAN DASAR EKSTRAK CAIR DAUN SIRIH HIJAU (Piper betle Linn.) SEBAGAI ANTISEPTIK Aznury, Martha; ., Sofiah; Sari, Rezki Prima
KINETIKA Vol. 11 No. 1 (2020): KINETIKA 01032020
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

The rise of epidemics caused by microorganisms such as SARS, bird flu, HIV and COVID-19 has made people use products that contain antiseptics such as soap and hand sanitizers. However, in general, the basic ingredient for making antiseptics comes from alcohol. If you use it continuously, it will dissolve the layer of fat and sebum on the skin so that the skin becomes sensitive, dry and irritated. Antiseptic product development can be done with natural ingredients such as utilizing green betel leaf extract (Piper betle Linn.). It is known that green betel leaf (Piper betle Linn.) Has long been used in traditional medicine and can be a natural antiseptic ingredient for the manufacture of hand sanitizer gel. This study aims to determine the effect of green betel leaf on the antiseptic power in hand sanitizer gel preparations. The materials used in this study were carbomer 940, triethanolamine (TEA), glycerin, sodium metabisulfate, aquadest, and green betel leaf extract obtained from the soybean extraction process. The research was conducted by varying the betel leaf extract 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, and 70%. The test was carried out by including organoleptic observations (shape, color, smell), homogeneity, preference test, pH, density, viscosity, dispersibility, and bacterial test.
PENGARUH VARIASI LAJU ALIR UDARA DAN FILTER TERHADAP PROSES GASIFIKASI DENGAN SISTEM DOWNDRAFT Syarif, Aida
KINETIKA Vol. 11 No. 1 (2020): KINETIKA 01032020
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

Coal gasification is the process of converting solid into a gas mixture that has fuel value. Coal gasification will produce gas in the form of synthetic gas (syngas) with the main components consisting of carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen (H2), and (CH4) gas. By converting coal using gasification as a clean energy producer, a blower as a regulator of air flow, cyclones as a tar separator and a gas cooler. The results of this study are the rate of fuel use, the rate of burning ash, the specific gestation rate, the specific gas production rate, the syngas flow rate, the flash point calorific value, and the efficiency of the classification process. The decrease in the combustion air flow rate will tend to make the combustion temperature and the calorific value become smaller so that the efficiency will also decrease. The best efficiency occurs at the largest airflow rate of 3.15 m/s with an efficiency of 84.62%.The increase in the mass of the husk that is filtered will cause an increase in the composition of CH4 and H2, as well as a decrease in CO2 and CO. By filtering the mass of rice husks, the LHV value will increase.
PEMBUATAN SUSU SKIM KELAPA BUBUK MENGGUNAKAN ALAT PENGERING BEKU VAKUM Purnamasari, Indah
KINETIKA Vol. 11 No. 1 (2020): KINETIKA 01032020
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

Coconut Skim Milk Water is the main byproduct of coconut milk which is often overlooked. In fact, Coconut Skim Milk Water can be used as an alternative food ingredient that can meet calorie intake in the body with a protein content composition of 35% bk. Utilization of Coconut Skim Milk Water into Powdered Coconut Skim Milk was chosen to increase storage capacity and facilitate product application. One of the alternatives in drying coconut skim milk water is to use a Vacuum Freeze Dryer. This study aims to determine the effect of drying temperature and drying time on yield of powdered coconut skim milk and the effect of drying rate on temperature and drying time. The treatments that were varied in this study were variations in drying temperature (-25 C); (-20 ËšC); (-15 ËšC); (-10 C) and variations in drying time of 12 hours, 13 hours. The results of this study indicate that samples at primary temperature -25 ËšC, drying time 13 hours, vacuum pressure -70 cmHg and secondary temperature 50 ËšC are samples with optimum operating conditions.
PENGARUH AGITASI DAN WAKTU FERMENTASI PADA PEMBUATAN BIOETANOL DARI PATI SINGKONG KARET (Manihot glaziovii) ., Yuniar; Aznury, Martha; Resky, Resky
KINETIKA Vol. 11 No. 1 (2020): KINETIKA 01032020
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

Rubber Cassava (Manihot glaziovii) is a tuber that is not a food ingredient because it contains the chemical element cyanide (HCN) which is toxic. The starch content in sweet potatoes reaches 98.5%. This study aims to determine the effect of agitation and fermentation time on the levels of biethanol using a 3 liter fermentor substrate used is cassava rubber (Manihot glaziovii). The process of making starch by cutting and peeling rubber cassava and then washing it with clean water after that shredded it with grated while adding water after grating the cassava pulp porridge at a temperature of 600C so as to get the starch. The dried cassava rubber starch was sieved to obtain a more homogeneous starch particle size. Furthermore, the hydrolysis process involves mixing 800 grams of cassava rubber starch with 2 liters of distilled water. In the fermentation process variation of stirring speed and time of fermentation. The results showed that The best stirring speed in this research is 300 rpm and the best fermentation time is 48 hours with bioethanol levels obtained at 10%.
ISSN: 1693-9050 E-ISSN: 2623-1417 https://jurnal.polsri.ac.id/index.php/kimia/index 55 PROTOTIPE BATERAI BERBASIS KARBON AKTIF DARI BAMBU BETUNG (TINJAUAN PENGARUH KARBON AKTIF DAN ELEKTROLIT DALAM MENINGKATKAN DAYA BATERAI) Pahlevi, Muhammad Agmerio; Junaidi, Robert; HC, Fadarina
KINETIKA Vol. 11 No. 1 (2020): KINETIKA 01032020
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

Battery is a storage technology electrical energy used for laptops, digital cameras, and cell phones, which are examples of applications that use battery performance. Battery performance involves the transfer of electrons which are conductive. Electron transfer become from the negative electrode (anode) to the positive electrode (cathode), resulting in an electric current and a potential difference. In general the battery system can be classified into two types, that are primary battery system and the secondary battery system. In this research, we use bamboo betung (Dendrocalamus asper) as activated carbon with electrolytes NaCL and NaOH. First, Bamboo Betung which will be carbonized at 500 oC for 2 hours in this furnace is intended to get the best pore for SEM analysis and to increase porosity, the largest measurement result of activated carbon pores is 11.42 μm with 12% KOH activation. Then, the activation was carried out with 1 M KOH with a concentration of 10-12%, then the electrolytes selected were NaOH and 1 M NaCl as much as 5-15 ml. Measurement of voltage and current obtained the smallest power obtained in the measurement of activated carbon 10% KOH with 5 ml NaCL electrolyte of 7.5036 mWatt. The greatest power was obtained in the measurement of activated carbon activated by 12% KOH with 15 ml NaOH electrolyte 103.0336 mWatt.
PEMANFAATAN SISA BAHAN PANGAN DALAM PEMBUATAN BIOPLASTIK Ayu, Selia Putri; Ningsih, Aisyah Suci
KINETIKA Vol. 11 No. 1 (2020): KINETIKA 01032020
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

Bioplastic is a biopolymer plastic that can be degraded easily by microorganisms so it can be used as alternative replaced commercial plastic. Bioplastics continue to garner scientific, industrial, and consumer interest as the detrimental ecological effects of petroleumbased plastics are unveiled. Bioplastic terminology refers to a biodegradable petrochemical plastic or a plastic material obtained from natural biological resources (biosourced bioplastic). Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa bioplastik dari sumber alam yang berbeda dapat digunakan, baik secara individu maupun gabungan, dengan dan tanpa bahan tambahan. Perbedaan sifat-sifat ini akan memungkinkan bioplastik sesuai untuk berbagai aplikasi. Semua bioplastik yang dihasilkan dapat terurai secara hayati dan ramah lingkungan, sehingga menjadi pengganti yang baik plastik berbasis minyak bumi, dan cara yang mujarab untuk mengatasi masalah pencemaran plastik.
BIO-ADSORBEN BERBAHAN DASAR LIMBAH AMPAS TEH (CAMELLIA SINENSIS) SEBAGAI AGENT PENYERAP LOGAM BERAT FE DAN PB PADA AIR SUNGAI Azzahra, Rizanti Fadila; Taufik, Muhammad
KINETIKA Vol. 11 No. 1 (2020): KINETIKA 01032020
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

The aims of this study were to examine the effectiveness of tea waste as adsorbent by variation of difference in mass of adsorbent which is 0,25, 0,50, and 0,75 grams and contacting time is 5,10 and 15 minutes. This study began with downsizing the size of tea waste become 200 mesh, then was performed a chemical activation by soaking tea waste with HCl 0,1 N for ± 24 hours. The adsorption was performed by contacting adsorbent with a solution of sample is based on contacting time and mass of adsorbent. The concentration of resulting solution was analyzed using AAS. Based on the result, the highest Fe absorption percentage can be obtained from waste tea leaves bioadsorbent that is 80,78% at 0,75 gram adsorbent weight with 15 minute contact time, while highest Pb absorption percentage can be obtained from tea waste adsorbent that is 93,75% at 0,75 gram adsorbent weight with 15 minute contact time.
PENGOLAHAN AIR PAYAU MENJADI AIR BERSIH MENGGUNAKAN METODE ELEKTROKOAGULASI Kaslum, Leila; ., Fadarina; Meidinariasty, Anerasari; Yuliati, Selastia; Syakdani, Adi; Pratama, M.Bagas; Alpitansyah, Rachmad Bayu; Alnafrah, Fenty; Ismareni, Pepi
KINETIKA Vol. 12 No. 1 (2021): KINETIKA 01032021
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

The limitation of clean water resources in coastal areas is related to the scarcity of fresh water. Water that has too high a salinity can cause harm if it is used for certain activities, for example, it is dangerous for health when used as drinking water, causing crop failure for agriculture, corrosion for equipment and buildings made of metal elements. In order to be used as clean water and suitable for daily household use, brackish water needs special treatment with the aim of reducing the mineral content in it, especially in reducing salinity levels. For this purpose brackish water treatment has been made into clean water which works based on the electrocoagulation process. The performance test was carried out by filling 10 liters of brackish water into the electrocoagulation reactor and using an electric current of 10 volts, 12 volts and 14 volts for each test. The observation times for each test were 60, 120 and 180 minutes. Measurement of salinity, iron, sulfate and organic substances for each test was carried out using a potentiometer, atomic absorption spectrophotometer, turbidimeter, and titrimetry. The optimum results of the test show that the use of 14 volts of electricity and contact time for 120 minutes can reduce iron levels from 1.41 mg / l to 0.98 mg / l, and sulfate levels from 301.97 mg / l to 235.84 mg. / l, levels of organic substances from 3.05 mg / l to 2.25 mg / l and salinity levels from 16.25 ppt to 10.07 ppt.
MEKANISME ADSORBEN ZEOLIT DAN MANGANESE ZEOLIT TERHADAP LOGAM BESI (Fe) Hasan, Abu; Yerizam, Muhammad; Yahya, Muhammad Habib
KINETIKA Vol. 12 No. 1 (2021): KINETIKA 01032021
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

Iron (Fe) is an essential metal whose presence in certain amounts is needed by living organisms, but in excess amounts it can cause toxic effects. This study aims to determine the effect of optimum contact time and optimum mass variation on Fe metal reduction using zeolite and manganese zeolite adsorbents. In addition, isotherm studies and adsorption kinetics were carried out. The variations in contact time used in this study were 0, 15, 30, 45, and 60 minutes. Meanwhile, the adsorbent mass variations used were 1 and 1.5 grams. From the results of this study it is known that the optimum time for the adsorption of Fe metal is 60 minutes with an adsorbent mass of 1.5 grams, a decrease in concentration of 51.1394% for manganese zeolite adsorbent and 47.6074% for zeolite adsorbent. . The iron ion adsorption process using zeolite and manganese zeolite follows the Freundlich adsorption equation model. The adsorption rates of zeolite on ferrous metals for masses of 1 gram and 1.5 grams tend to follow the second order pseudo kinetics model.
EFISIENSI TERMAL PRODUKSI STEAM DITINJAU DARI RASIO UDARA BAHAN BAKAR SOLAR PADA CROSS SECTION WATER TUBE BOILER Ningsih, Aisyah Suci; Syakdani, Adi; Rusnadi, Irawan; Oktaviani, Yustika; Veronica, Febri; Anisya, Jihan Triani
KINETIKA Vol. 12 No. 1 (2021): KINETIKA 01032021
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

Cross Section Double Drum Water Tube Boiler is a steam boiler that is used to convert water into steam by heating, where the heat source comes from the combustion of fuel in the furnace. It is said that the Cross Section of the Double Drum Water Tube Boiler is because the tube arrangement in the boiler is made in the opposite direction to the drum, then this time the tool is made of a slope of 65º on the tube with the aim of reducing the force of gravity so that it will speed up the evaporation process, and has two drums. The fuel used in this study uses liquid fuel, namely diesel with the air-to-fuel ratio as a changing variable, while 15 liters of fuel and 75 kg of boiler feed water are fixed variables. The ratio of air to fuel used ranges from 15.78 to 18.16 . From the results of this study, the best response to the performance of the Cross Section Double Drum Water Tube Boiler is the air-to-fuel ratio of 17.57 ,where the boiler efficiency is 61.12%, of saturated steam and 67.18 % of superheated steam with a steam temperature of 151 ℃ and 229 ℃ , the steam pressure has reached the optimum pressure of 5 bar.

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