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Zikri, Ahmad
Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya
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UJI KINERJA ROTARY DRYER BERDASARKAN EFISIENSI TERMAL PENGERINGAN SERBUK KAYU UNTUK PEMBUATAN BIOPELET Ahmad Zikri; Erlinawati; Irawan Rusnadi
Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 21 No 2 (2015): Jurnal Teknik Kimia
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Sriwijaya

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Abstract

Permintaan sumber daya energi setiap harinya semakin meningkat, terutama untuk bahan bakar fosil atauenergi terbarukan seperti minyak, gas, dan batubara. Peningkatan ini tidak juga disertai dengan produksibahan bakar fosil. Cara yang bisa yang bisa kita lakukan untuk mengatasi masalah ini salah satunyamenggunakan energi terbarukan seperti biopelet dari serbuk kayu yang didukung oleh teknologipengeringan dalam proses pengobatan. Proses pengeringan adalah langkah yang sangat penting untukmenghasilkan bahan bakar biomassa dengan kualitas baik, pengeringan ditujukan untuk mengurangikandungan air dalam bahan baku biomassa dan meningkatkan nilai kalor. Tujuan dari penelitian iniadalah untuk membuat sebuah prototipe rotary dryer untuk biomassa, dan menghasilkan produk keringuntuk biopellets. Diawali dengan disain struktural alat yang akan dibuat dan menganalisis sistem termaldengan variasi pengeringan (30 menit, 45 menit, dan 60 menit) pada suhu konstan 60 0C. Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan bahwa pengeringan dengan waktu yang sangat lama, penurunan kadar debu kayu akan lebihbesar. Namun, efisiensi termal Tampilkan proses pengeringan ini masih cukup rendah karena ada besarkehilangan panas.
UTILIZATION OF FRESNEL LENS AS SOLAR THERMAL COLLECTOR USING STIRLING ENGINE Zikri, Ahmad
KINETIKA Vol. 8 No. 3 (2017): KINETIKA 01112017
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

This solar energy stirling engine is one of the alternatives to be used as a power plant. This solar energy will beconcentrated and stored in the battery / battery with a heat source that is focused on the stirling engine with fresnel lens. Due to the non-continuous solar energy in order to generate electricity continuously, the thermal storage fluid is used and completed by isolator materials. This Thermal storage fluid can store heat for a long enough time so that the stirling machine can run when the sun is in an unstable state of irradiation. Fluid used in this research are paraffin liquid, lubricant oil and sesame oil. The ability of the thermal storage fluid to store heat will affect the power generated on the stirling engine. From these conditions, the researchers utilizing solar energy using a fresnel lens-based stirling engine using various isolator. During this test by determining the temperature of the thermal storage fluid can know the power generated from the stirling machine. The use of insulators with thermal conductivity values (k) of each test material were glasswool, styrofoam, polyurethane foam, and aluminum foil, is consecutively 0.038 W/moC, 0.033 W/moC, 11.6 W/moC, 0.062 W/moC. The observation results show that temperature drop from 200oC to 160oC using glasswool can hold longer for 8.2 minutes and styrofoam and polyurethane foam can withstand temperature dropping for 7 minutes. The avarages power generated using an insulator is 8 Watt
PENGARUH SUPLAI ARUS LISTRIK DAN JUMLAH SEL ELEKTRODA TERHADAP PRODUKSI GAS HIDROGEN DENGAN ELEKTROLIT ASAM SULFAT ., Erlinawati; Zikri, Ahmad
KINETIKA Vol. 5 No. 1 (2014): KINETIKA 01032014
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

Utilization of water as an alternative energy one is to turn it into a gaseous form through the process of electrolysis. To change the water into the gas flow of electrical current needed and plate electrodes to decompose water into hydrogen and oxygen gas. Variations of current are 5, 10 and 15 amperes, while for plate electrodes made with dimensions of 96 cm2. From that problem, the prototype of Hydrogen Fuel Reactor is designed. The purpose of this tool is used to generate hydrogen gas. Flow variations and number plate electrode was used as a fixed variable to calculate how the efficiency of the electricity used, Specific Fuel Consume and percent of energy loss. From the calculation, the hydrogen gas produced increases with the amount of electric current is used, the highest hydrogen gas obtained at 15 ampere current and electrode plate 8 which is 0.2324 moles then the lowest 0.1373 mol at 5 ampere current and electrode 4 plates. From electrical efficiency, increasing according to the number plate electrodes is used. The highest efficiency obtained at 5 ampere current and electrode plate 8 which is 41.2020% and 20.5811% the lowest in 15 ampere current and electrode plate 8. As for the percent of heat loss is inversely proportional to the efficiency, the lower the efficiency of the percent of heat loss is greater, and vice versa. While the value of specific fuel consumption (SFC) increased as the amount of electric current that is used.
ANALISIS EKSERGI PADA UNIT DISTILASI ATMOSFERIK DAN VAKUM MINYAK BUMI Zikri, Ahmad
KINETIKA Vol. 5 No. 1 (2014): KINETIKA 01032014
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

The atmospheric and vacuum distillations are the first plant in a crude oil refinery, in which several intermediate product  are  obtained  through  distillation of  the  crude  oil  mixture.  To  increase  the  thermodynamic  efficiency,  we need  to  use  both  the  temperature-enthalpy  and  exergy  losses  together.  It  is  important  to  determine  the  exergy losses profiles and to analyze the distribution losses in all stage of distillation column. Aspen Plus software is used as  assistance  to simulate  changes  in  the  given  circumstances.  The  results  of  the  exergy  and  exergoeconomic analyses  are  presented  in  this  paper.  The  important  unit  in  this  analysis  are  distillation  column  operating conditions,  crude  heating  furnace,  and  supporting  Heat  Exchanger.  In  this  study,  atmospheric  and  vacuum distillation  columns  at  refineries  UP-III-Plaju  Indonesia  become  the  case  study.  The proposed  method  is  to condition  the  feed  temperature  limits  vary  with  the  quality  of  the  resulting  products  were  unchanged.  The  fuel requirement  would  be  decreased,  as  well  as  the  temperature  which  is  result  by  crude  heating  furnace.  In atmospheric distillation column, about 0.6 % (0.25 T/D) and 20.8 % (8.9 T/D) for vacuum distillation is direct fuel can be derived. With this analysis we can save operating cost approximately 1.4 million U.S. $ per year.
KARAKTERISTIK BIOPELET DARI VARIASI BAHAN BAKU SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKAR ALTERNATIF Zikri, Ahmad
KINETIKA Vol. 9 No. 1 (2018): KINETIKA 01032018
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

The national petroleum reserves in form as proven reserves or potential reserves continue to decrease every year. The decreace of potential fossil energy encourages goverment to prioritize renewable energy to avoid energy crisis, one of them which is biomass pellet (biopellet). Biopellet is a fuel which made from densified solid biomass. The purpose of this study was to know the effect of mixed material and the best composition of biopelet made from coconut fiber and damar latex and the quality compared with the existing quality standard. In this research, there are two form of biopelet,which is biopelet from saw dust and kenanga, and the other is biopellet from coconut fiber and damar latex. The ratio of saw dust and kenanga in first form is 5:1 and 10:1 which is seperate by variation of its size 20, 60, and 170 mesh. And the second form with damar latex composition is 0%, 10% and 20% with the size of coconut fiber + 60 mesh. The mixture is molded into biopelet and then tested to determine the value of heat, density, moisture content, ash content, volatile matter content and fixed carbon. From the result of research, it is found that the best biopellet composition of the first form is the sample with the ratio of saw dust and kenanga 5:1 in size 20 mesh that produces biopellet with moisture content of 2.8846%, ash content of 3.8835%, volatile matter content 70.1402%, fixed carbon 23.0917%, density 0.8114 gr/cm3 , and calorific value of 4724.0509 cal/gram. And for the second form the best biopellet is with composition coconut fiber 80% and damar latex 20%, that produces moisture content of 3.2872%, ash content of 2.4866%, volatile matter content 77.7634%, fixed carbon 16.4628%, density 1.4363 gr/cm3 , initial flame up to fire 8.10 seconds and calorific value of 5243.7426 cal/gram. Calorific value, physical analysis and chemical analysis of this biopelet meet the standards of SNI 8021-2014.
ANALISA UNJUK KERJA KOMPOR BIOMASSA TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK BIOPELET ECENG GONDOK (Eichhornia crassipes) DENGAN GETAH DAMAR (Agathis loranthifolia) Zikri, Ahmad
KINETIKA Vol. 10 No. 3 (2019): KINETIKA 01112019
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

Fossil fuels are non-renewable energy source that will lead to reduction in the potential for fossil energy, especially petroleum and natural gas. Various solutions have been offered by scientists in the world for alternative fossil fuels. One new renewable energy alternative that can reduce the fuel consumption of oil obtained from the fossil is to use biomass energy. The purpose of this research is to find the resin sap with different composition and diameter to find the best biopelet made from water hyacinth. In this study, mixing of 5%, 10%, and 15% damar resin , and variation of diameter 6mm and 8mm, respectively. The mixture is printed into biopelet then tested to determine the value of heat, biopelet flame test, density, and proximate analysis. From the results of the study is known that the best composition of biopelet is a sample 15% resin gum with a diameter of 6mm. In this composition yields calorific value of 5400.1524cal/gr, moisture content of 0.9887%, density 0.8368gr/cm3, ash content 7.9204%, volatile matter 62.9322%, fixed carbon 28.1587%, flame initial time 8.02sec and boiling time 1 liter water 8.21 minutes. The calorific value and the proximate analysis have fulfilled the SNI 8021 - 2014 and EMPLEMENT PERMEN NO. 47/2000.
ANALISA BAHAN BAKAR MINYAK HASIL PIROLISIS SAMPAH PLASTIK JENIS PP DAN PET TERHADAP KINERJA GENERATOR SET PADA PLTSA PLASTIK KAPASITAS 1000 WATT ., Zurohaina; ,, Tahdid; Zikri, Ahmad; Bow, Yohandri; ,, Zulkarnain; sari, Desi Nurmala; Wulandari, Nila; Putra, M. Rizky Adhitya
KINETIKA Vol. 10 No. 1 (2019): KINETIKA 01032019
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Plastic waste and energy is a big problem nowadays especially for big cities. Along with the growing population every year with a diverse community life activities always generate waste every day and energy consumption is increasing high. The limited of energy dependent on fossil energy forces the search for new alternative energy to replace fossil energy. One of the answers to the limitation of fossil energy is the conversion of plastic waste into liquid fuels by pyrolysis technology using plastic raw materials of Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) and Polypropylene (PP). Which can be used as fuel in motor fuel or generator set to generate electricity in prototype unit of plastic waste generator by using dry coconut shell as Furnace fuel. The purpose of this research is to test the performance of generator sets using light Oil fuels (FRA) and Heavy Oil Fuel (FRB). Liquid fuels pyrolysis products are used as fuel generators to be converted into electrical energy with loads varying to a maximum load at 1000 watts for 10 hours per day. The results of this research obtained the value at the optimal load of 800 watts of electrical current that occurred at 4.37 amperes with 183 volt voltage, 2650 rpm rotation shaft genset, and fuel consumption / hour at 0.803 L / hour.
KINERJA SISTEM FILTRASI DALAM MENURUNKAN KANDUNGAN TDS, Fe, DAN ORGANIK DALAM PENGOLAHAN AIR MINUM Kaslum, Leila; ., Anerasari; Zikri, Ahmad; Tanjung, Yesi; Oktavia, Yaya; A, Aulia; ., Lismayani; ., Arinda
KINETIKA Vol. 10 No. 1 (2019): KINETIKA 01032019
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

Clean water has not been able to fully the needs of the community, where there are still a number of people who use well water to fully their water needs.. Well water has high content of Fe and Mn that must give special treatment so that the quality of the water produced can meet standards. The study focused on the design of two-stage filtration equipment. The first stage of filtration uses a multi media filter with the contents of zeolite, silica sand and activated carbon. The second stage of filtration using a micro membrane filter with a pore size of 0.5,0.3 and 0.1 μm. After processing the well water through device designed, the optimum treatment results are obtained at a flow rate of 33 ml / s with a reduction in TDS content of 35%, a reduction in Fe content of 76.19% and a decrease in organic matter content of 78.76%. These three parameters have met the quality standards based on PERMENKES RI No.492 / Per / IV / 2010 with TDS content of 494 mg / l, Fe of 0.01 mg / l and organic matter content of 1.2 mg / l
PENGARUH RASIO UDARA BAHAN BAKAR SOLAR DAN GAS TERHADAP KUALITAS SATURATED STEAM PADA SISTEM TWO DRUM WATER TUBE BOILER Rusnadi, Irawan; ., Fatria; Zikri, Ahmad; Lestari, Sutini Pujiastuti; Alvino, Raudi; Jaya, Julian Indra
KINETIKA Vol. 11 No. 2 (2020): KINETIKA 01072020
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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A boiler is an equipment used to produce steam for various purposes. In this case, the boiler used also often has problems that cause less than optimal steam results. The obstacle that occurs is usually the ratio of air to fuel which causes the combustion results to be not optimal and imperfect so that it has an impact on the production and quality of the steam produced. One of the parameters of the steam produced is temperature and pressure. Both will relate to the enthalpy of steam as a measure to determine the value of the energy contained in the steam. Therefore, this research focuses on determining the most optimal and precise ratio of air to diesel fuel and gas so that maximum combustion results are obtained. The air-to-fuel ratio which is the variable for diesels are 123.67, 128.33, 133.00, 137.67, 142.33 and for gas are 29.16, 29.44, 29.71, 29.99 and 30.26. In the resulting data, the fourth of the air fuel ratio of diesel fuel which is more optimal and precise, which is 137.67 and 29.99 for gas with the resulting value of temperature is 151oC, pressure is 5 bar and the value of the saturated steam quality is 0.7993 ≈ 0.8.
PENGARUH JUMLAH KATALIS DAN TEMPERATUR PADA PROSES PEMBUATAN BAHAN BAKAR CAIR LIMBAH STYROFOAM DENGAN METODE CATALYTIC CRACKING ., Zurohaina; Zikri, Ahmad; Febriana, Ida; Amin, Jaksen M.; Pratiwi, Anggun; Pratiwi, Mitha; Reyhan, Muhammad Hifal
KINETIKA Vol. 11 No. 1 (2020): KINETIKA 01032020
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Styrofoam is a thermoplastic polymer that cannot be biodegradable. Styrofoam waste is generally treated using burning method which produce a dangerous gases. Cracking is the right method to solve the problem by converting styrofoam waste into liquid fuel. In this study, the cracking process was carried out by catalytic cracking method using zeolit alam, SiO2.Al2O3 dan Ï’-Al2O3 as a catalyst. The aims of this study are to determine the effect of the number of catalyst and temperature variation on the percentage of yield, physical properties and compound content of liquid fuel. Variabels varied are the number of catalyst 5-25% from total reactants and temperatur variation 300-550 oC. The result shows, the highest %yield using zeolit alam is 77,7846% at 20% catalyst, for silica alumina with variations of temperature showed the highest % yield in the temperature 450oC is 79,09% and for Ï’-Al2O3 with variations of temperature showed the highest % yield in the temperature 500oC is 68,20%
Co-Authors ,, Tahdid ., Anerasari ., Arinda ., Erlinawati ., Fatria ., Lismayani ., Zurohaina A, Aulia Aditya Saputra, Marwan Aisyah Suci Ningsih Alvino, Raudi Amin, Jaksen M. Anggun Pratiwi Anjar Siti Mashitoh Arjuansyah, Meji Budiman Achmadi Dinah Wika Maharani Erlinawati Erlinawati . Erlinawati Akil Erlinawati Erlinawati Erlinawati Erlinawati Febriana, Ida Indah Purnamasari Irawan Rusnadi Irawan Rusnadi Irawan Rusnadi Irawan Rusnadi Jaksen M.A Jaya, Julian Indra K.A Ridwan Kaslum, Leila Lety Trisnaliani Lety Trisnaliani Lindawati Lindawati Lutpi Dwi Kurniawan Maulia Rizki Maulidia Berlianti Meygi Rezablina Muhammad iqbal Pangindoman Muhammad Yerizam Mustain Zamhari Oktavia, Yaya Pratiwi, Mitha Puti Nurul Amalia Putra, M. Rizky Adhitya R Zicky Chandra Kesuma Reyhan, Muhammad Hifal Ridwan, KA Rizkia Sabatini Roby adi Nugraha RR. Ella Evrita Hestiandari Safril Kartika Wardhana sari, Desi Nurmala Selastia Yuliati Sutini Pujiastuti Lestari Tania Oktavia Tanjung, Yesi WULANDARI, NILA Yohandri Bow Zurohaina Zurohaina Zurohaina