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Irawan Rusnadi
Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Energy Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Physics Social Sciences

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PENGARUH WAKTU PIROLISA TERHADAP PERSEN YIELD DAN KUALITAS ASAP CAIR BAMBU Zubaidah, Nyayu; Rusnadi, Irawan
KINETIKA Vol. 1 No. 1 (2011): KINETIKA 01032011
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

Asap cair telah banyak digunakan sebagai bahan pengawet pada industri pangan dan sebagai penggumpal lateks pada industri perkebunan, oleh sebab itu pada penelitian ini dibuat asap cair. Asap cair dapat dibuat menggunakan bahan baku bambu. Penelitian yang dilakukan menggunakan seperangkat alat pirolisa dan kompor listrik sebagai pemanas. Tujuan dari penelitian yang dilakukan adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh waktu pirolisa terhadap % yield dan kualitas asap cair bambu yang dihasilkan. Variasi waktu pirolisa yang digunakan yaitu 1, 2, 3, 4, dan 5 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semakin lama waktu pirolisa maka % yield yang dihasilkan semakin besar. Selain itu juga mempengaruhi kualitas asap cair karena semakin lama waktu pirolisa maka reaksi dekomposisi semakin sempurna. Waktu optimum untuk mendapatkan asap cair dengan % yield  terbesar adalah pada waktu 5 jam, didapat % yield 31,20 %, dengan density 1,0064 gr/mL, total fenol 0,4134 %, dan total asam 6,7872 %.
COAL LIQUEFACTION USING CATALYTIC THERMAL CRACKING REACTOR WITH DIRECT METHODE Naimah, Khoirun; Rusnadi, Irawan
KINETIKA Vol. 8 No. 3 (2017): KINETIKA 01112017
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

Coal Liquefaction Technology merupakan salah satu bagian dari Clean Coal Technology yang bertujuan untuk memanfaatkan nilai guna batubara peringkat rendah sebagai bahan bakar. Metode yang digunakan dalam proses pencairan batubara adalah metode langsung, dimana reaksi ini terjadi didalam sebuah reaktor yang terbuat dari pipa stainless steel kapasitas 3 Liter dengan kondisi operasi suhu mencapai 375˚C, tekanan mencapai 6 bar dan waktu operasi selama ±2 jam. Didalam reaktor ini terdapat batubara, pelarut, dan katalis. Sampel batubara yang digunakan adalah berasal dari daerah Tanjung Enim, Lahat, dan Muba, dengan ukuran diameter batubara 60, 170, dan 200 mesh. Jenis pelarut yang digunakan adalah kerosene dan sikloheksana. Perbandingan rasio bb dan pelarut adalah 1:1-1:3. Kemudian, jenis katalis yang digunakan adalah ZnCl2, Fe3O4, dan Al2O3, dengan persen penggunaan 3-5%weight. Pada analisis hasil volume produk, nilai produk maksimalditunjukkan pada jenis batubara lignit dari Tanjung Enim dengan ukuran batubara 200 mesh, jenis pelarut kerosene dengan rasio bb:pelarut 1:2, dan jenis katalis ZnCl2 dengan 3%wt yakni 503 ml. Hal ini disebabkan pada kondisi tersebut, batubara memiliki kandungan hydrogen dan kadar zat terbang yang tinggi, kandungan hydrogen pelarut yang tinggi juga sehingga dapat berperan dengan baik, katalis yang merupakan jenis paling reaktif dibanding yang lainnyasehingga dalam proses pencairan batubara mudah untuk dicairkan. Produk yang dihasilkan memiliki nilai kalor yang berbeda dari teoritis, Hal ini disebabkan oleh rendahnya kondisi operasi yang digunakan, sehingga komposisi produk batubara cair yang dihasilkan adalah campuran alkane C5H12-C7H16.
PROTOTIF ALAT PENYANGRAI KOPI TIPE ROTARI DILENGKAPI PRE-HEATER Rusnadi, Irawan
KINETIKA Vol. 9 No. 1 (2018): KINETIKA 01032018
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

Coffee is one of the most popular and the most consumed because the taste it has. Roasting is an important step in the flavor development and aroma of coffee beans. Roasting is a way of drying using high temperature. High temperatures are able to change the chemical components and physical structure of a material. The materials used in this research are robusta coffee beans. The roasted coffee beans used a rotary roaster drum. Heating system using direct heating. The parameters of roasting results include moisture content, energy requirements during the process roasting, fuel consumption and roasting efficiency . The roasting machine is equipped with a cooling bin of the post-roasting coffee bean with a blower system with the working principle of blowing hot air into the environment resulting in cooling process. The results of the study revealed that the lowest moisture content and highest energy requirements were obtained at a temperature of 200oC which was 0.60% with an energy requirement of 605.09 kJ and the highest efficiency was obtained at a temperature of 180oC at 8 minutes which is 33.43%.
PENGARUH RASIO UDARA BAHAN BAKAR SOLAR DAN GAS TERHADAP KUALITAS SATURATED STEAM PADA SISTEM TWO DRUM WATER TUBE BOILER Rusnadi, Irawan; ., Fatria; Zikri, Ahmad; Lestari, Sutini Pujiastuti; Alvino, Raudi; Jaya, Julian Indra
KINETIKA Vol. 11 No. 2 (2020): KINETIKA 01072020
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

A boiler is an equipment used to produce steam for various purposes. In this case, the boiler used also often has problems that cause less than optimal steam results. The obstacle that occurs is usually the ratio of air to fuel which causes the combustion results to be not optimal and imperfect so that it has an impact on the production and quality of the steam produced. One of the parameters of the steam produced is temperature and pressure. Both will relate to the enthalpy of steam as a measure to determine the value of the energy contained in the steam. Therefore, this research focuses on determining the most optimal and precise ratio of air to diesel fuel and gas so that maximum combustion results are obtained. The air-to-fuel ratio which is the variable for diesels are 123.67, 128.33, 133.00, 137.67, 142.33 and for gas are 29.16, 29.44, 29.71, 29.99 and 30.26. In the resulting data, the fourth of the air fuel ratio of diesel fuel which is more optimal and precise, which is 137.67 and 29.99 for gas with the resulting value of temperature is 151oC, pressure is 5 bar and the value of the saturated steam quality is 0.7993 ≈ 0.8.
EFISIENSI TERMAL PRODUKSI STEAM DITINJAU DARI RASIO UDARA BAHAN BAKAR SOLAR PADA CROSS SECTION WATER TUBE BOILER Ningsih, Aisyah Suci; Syakdani, Adi; Rusnadi, Irawan; Oktaviani, Yustika; Veronica, Febri; Anisya, Jihan Triani
KINETIKA Vol. 12 No. 1 (2021): KINETIKA 01032021
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

Cross Section Double Drum Water Tube Boiler is a steam boiler that is used to convert water into steam by heating, where the heat source comes from the combustion of fuel in the furnace. It is said that the Cross Section of the Double Drum Water Tube Boiler is because the tube arrangement in the boiler is made in the opposite direction to the drum, then this time the tool is made of a slope of 65º on the tube with the aim of reducing the force of gravity so that it will speed up the evaporation process, and has two drums. The fuel used in this study uses liquid fuel, namely diesel with the air-to-fuel ratio as a changing variable, while 15 liters of fuel and 75 kg of boiler feed water are fixed variables. The ratio of air to fuel used ranges from 15.78 to 18.16 . From the results of this study, the best response to the performance of the Cross Section Double Drum Water Tube Boiler is the air-to-fuel ratio of 17.57 ,where the boiler efficiency is 61.12%, of saturated steam and 67.18 % of superheated steam with a steam temperature of 151 ℃ and 229 ℃ , the steam pressure has reached the optimum pressure of 5 bar.
UNJUK KERJA PROSES PIROLISIS KATALITIK LIMBAH BAN BEKAS MENJADI BAHAN BAKAR CAIR DITINJAU DARI JUMLAH KATALIS, VARIASI TEMPERATUR, DAN WAKTU OPERASI Effendy, Sahrul; Rusnadi, Irawan; ., Fatria; Amin, Jaksen M.; Aina, Nur; Rossa, Briliantina; Waltin, Muhammad
KINETIKA Vol. 12 No. 1 (2021): KINETIKA 01032021
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

Indonesia's domestic rubber consumption is largely absorbed by the manufacturing industry, especially the automotive industry. The more production of vehicle, the more people will produce tires. As a result, the waste of tires in the environment is increasing. One of the alternatives to reduce the amount of tires waste is produce it become liquid fuel by catalytic pyrolysis method. The purpose of this research is to analyze percent yield liquid product and to obtain characteristics of liquid fuel observed by the number of catalyst, variation of temperature, and operation time. The result shown that the optimum temperature is 400oC using 10% NZ catalyst with product yield of 13.0284%. The optimum NZ catalyst is 2% at 300oC with product yield of 5.7946%. Also the optimum time operation is 180 minutes using 10% NZ catalyst with product yield of 9.7965%. The liquid fuel oil spesifications obtain diesel oil by testing density, viscosity, and flash point. The liquid fuel also analyzed by the GC-MS method, and it can be concluded that the liquid fuel of tires waste is mixture of gasoline (C8-C12) and diesel (C13-C20).
imulasi Prototype Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Mikrohidro Turbin Crossflow Ditinjau dari Ketinggian, Debit dan Arah Aliran Ridwan, K.A; Lestari, Sutini Pujiastuti; Rusnadi, Irawan; ., Erlinawati; Rahayu, Atika; Mahendra, Evando; Pratama, Wahyudi
KINETIKA Vol. 12 No. 1 (2021): KINETIKA 01032021
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

The energy crisis prompted the Indonesian government to change the paradigm towards new and renewable energy, from alternative energy to main energy. In order to overcome the electrical energy crisis, then conducted research on new and renewable energy. Utilization of microhydro based energy generation into one solution to be applied in effort to overcome this crisis. Microhydro power plant (PLTMH) is carried out by utilizing flow velocity (river flow) or head potential (waterfall) with water turbine connected to a generator so that it can convert mechanical energy from the turbine into electrical energy. Type of turbine used is crossflow turbine. This simulation is by varying the head potential (1.6 m, 1.8m, 2 m, 2.2 m, 2.4 m) and the direction of flow (horizontal overshoot, vertical overshoot, and undershoot) generated electrical energy. Based on the research results, the optimal flow direction horizontal overshoot flow which produces flow discharge 20 liter/min, the electrical energy 16 watt, and at height of 2.4 meters and the electrical energy15.3 watt.
ANALISIS SYNGAS GASIFIKASI BATUBARA TIPE DOWNDRAFT DITINJAU DARI VARIASI UKURAN BATUBARA DAN TINGGI ISIAN PACKING ABSORBER Fadjrin Ismaily, Muhammad; Kurniawaty, Fegi; Syarif, Aida; Rusnadi, Irawan; Febriana, Ida
KINETIKA Vol. 12 No. 3 (2021): KINETIKA 01112021
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

Coal gasification is the process of converting low rank coal into syngas which can be used as fuel. One of the factors that affect the quality of syngas is the size of coal particles. Meanwhile, to produce clean syngas, the gas from the combustion reactor is flowed through a packed bed absorber filled with marbles to reduce the incompatible particulate gases that are still contained in the syngas. The variations in the size of the coal used in this study are 3-4 cm, 5-6 cm, and 7-8 cm. While the variation of the height of the packing absorber filling used was 9.75 cm, 19.5 cm, 29.25 cm and 39 cm. The composition of the best combustible gas from the variation of coal size and the variation in the filling height of the absorber packing is found in the coal size 3-4 cm, and the packing filling height is 39 cm. With combustible gases (CO, H2 and CH4) produced by 10.9%, 10.5% and 0.9%, the volume of O2 and CO2 is 0.1% and 10.1%, the syngas volume of the absorber output is 2473.47 m3 and the LHV syngas is 6.932 MJ/kg.
PENGGUNAAN DEEP EUTECTIC SOLVENT DALAM PENURUNAN FFA MINYAK JELANTAH SERTA PENGARUH KECEPATAN DAN WAKTU PENGADUKAN Dzakiroh, Ayu; Rahmadina, Nisa; Syarif, Aida; Fatria, Fatria; Rusnadi, Irawan; Erlinawati, Erlinawati
Jurnal Distilasi Vol 6, No 2 (2021): Jurnal Distilasi
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32502/jd.v6i2.4128

Abstract

Biodiesel merupakan salah satu sumber energi alternatif yang dapat di perbaharui dan mampu untuk mengurangi ketergantungan energi nasional terhadap energi fosil. Biodiesel diproduksi dari minyak tumbuhan atau lemak hewan. Minyak nabati yang dapat digunakan sebagai bahan baku adalah minyak jelantah. Minyak jelantah mengandung asam lemak bebas atau Free Fatty Acid (FFA) yang tinggi. Penurunan kadar FFA dilakukan melalui cara ekstraksi menggunakan DES yang terbuat dari campuran Choline Chloride dan Ethylene Glycol dengan rasio molar 1:2. Dalam penelitian ini dlakukan variasi rasio molar Minyak Jelantah:DES sebesar 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, dan 1:4, variasi kecepatan pengadukan 150 rpm dan 300 rpm, dan variasi waktu selama 60 menit dan 120 menit pada suhu 60oC. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rasio molar terbaik adalah 1:4, kecepatan pengadukan 300 rpm, dan waktu selama 120 menit dengan penurunan FFA hingga 0,55%.
PURIFIKASI BIODIESEL MENGGUNAKAN DEEP EUTECTIC SOLVENT BERBASIS CHOLINE CHLORIDE DAN ETHYLENE GLYCOL Milenia, Era; Aria Putri, Rizki; Syarif, Aida; Effendy, Sahrul; Rusnadi, Irawan
Jurnal Distilasi Vol 6, No 2 (2021): Jurnal Distilasi
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32502/jd.v6i2.4126

Abstract

Biodiesel merupakan pengganti bahan bakar diesel yang dihasilkan dari sintesa berbagai macam minyak tumbuhan atau hewan. Minyak jelantah merupakan salah satu contoh minyak tumbuhan yang dapat dijadikan bahan baku pembuatan biodiesel. Kandungan Free Fatty Acid (FFA) dalam minyak jelantah yang tinggi dipurifikasi menggunakan Deep Eutectic Solvent (DES) agar tidak terjadi penyabunan pada tahap trans-esterifikasi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi rasio molar, waktu reaksi dan kecepatan pengadukan dari sintesa DES terhadap kandungan FFA pada pada biodiesel. DES dibuat dari campuran choline chloride dan ethylene glycol dengan rasio molar 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, dan 1:5, variasi waktu reaksi 15 menit dan 30 menit, dan variasi kecepatan pengadukan 200 rpm dan 300 rpm pada suhu 50oC. Kandungan FFA minyak jelantah bahan baku biodiesel sebesar 8,323%. Hasil penelitian dengan penurunan kadar FFA terkecil hingga 0,55% pada rasio molar 1:2, waktu reaksi 30 menit dan waktu pengadukan 300 rpm.
Co-Authors ., Erlinawati ., Fatria AIDA SYARIF Alvino, Raudi Amin, Jaksen M. Anisya, Jihan Triani Apriyanti, Tria Aria Putri, Rizki Chantika, Nyimas Chyntya Dzakiroh, Ayu Effendy, Sahrul Erlinawati Erlinawati, Erlinawati Fadjrin Ismaily, Muhammad Fadlurrahman, Muhammad Daffa Fatria, Fatria Febriana, Ida Firdausi, Mohammad Ridwan Hafiza, Natasya Hidayatullah, Choiri Hilwatullisan Hilwatullisan, Hilwatullisan Ibnu Hajar Indah Pratiwi Jaya, Julian Indra K.A. Ridwan Kurniawaty, Fegi Laila, Nibras Sirda Mahendra, Evando Milenia, Era Naimah, Khoirun Ningsih, Aisyah Suci Nur Aina Nurfatihah, Yasyifa Nyayu Zubaidah Oktaviani, Yustika Pamungkas, Bimo Patrio, Aditia Pratama, Wahyudi Rahayu, Atika Rahmadina, Nisa Ridwan, K.A Ridwan, KA. Rossa, Briliantina Sutini Pujiastuti Lestari Syakdani, Adi Tahdid Tahdid Tahdid Trisnaliani, Letty Veronica, Febri Waltin, Muhammad Widiyanti, Lusi Yunanto, Isnandar Zikri, Ahmad Zurohaina, Zurohaina