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Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri (Littri)
Published by Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan
ISSN : 08538212     EISSN : 25286870     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri (JLITTRI) aims to publish primary research articles of current research topics, not simultaneously submitted to nor previously published in other scientific or technical ojournals. General review articles will not be accepted. The journal maintains strict standards of content, presentation,and reviewing. SCOPE The journal will consider primary research papers from any source if they make an original contribution to the experimental or theoretical understanding and application of theories and methodologies of some aspects of agricultural science in Indonesia including: Estate crops; Soil science; Climate science; Agronomy; Plant breeding; Biotechnology; Genetic resources; Plant pathology; Plant physiology; Entomology; Farming system; Postharvest technology; Socio-economic agriculture; Environment; Agricultural extension. The journal publishes Indonesian or English articles. Since the year of 2017, the jurnal is published twice a year in (June and December).
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 504 Documents
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PENGARUH LAMA PENYIMPANAN SETEK BERAKAR TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN NILAM(Pogostemon cablin Benth) MELATI MELATI; DEVI RUSMIN; SUKARMAN SUKARMAN
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 12, No 4 (2006): DESEMBER 2006
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v12n4.2006.135-139

Abstract

ABSTRAKDalam upaya pengembangan nilam (Pogostemon cablin) di daerahyang jaraknya jauh dari kebun induk, pengadaan benih nilam yang berkua-litas menjadi masalah yang serius, karena bibit akan cepat mengalamipenurunan kualitas selama transportasi. Untuk itu dilaksanakan penelitianyang bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh lama simpan setek berakarnilam terhadap pertumbuhan. Percobaan dilaksanakan di rumah kaca BalaiPenelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat (Balittro) dari bulan April –Agustus 2004. Percobaan disusun dalam rancangan petak terbagi (RPT)dengan 3 ulangan. Petak utama (main plot) adalah 2 jenis setek nilamyaitu: (1) setek berdaun dan (2) setek tidak berdaun. Anak petak (sub plot)adalah lama penyimpanan setek yaitu: (1) setek langsung ditanam(kontrol), (2) setek disimpan 1 hari, (3) setek disimpan 3 hari, (4)setekdisimpan 5 hari dan, (5) setek disimpan 7 hari. Pengamatan dilakukansejak tanaman berumur 2 minggu sampai tanaman berumur 8 minggu.Parameter yang diamati meliputi pertumbuhan tanaman (tinggi, jumlahdaun dan jumlah tunas), bobot kering (batang, daun, akar). Hasil perco-baan menunjukkan bahwa persentase hidup setek nilam berakar (setekberdaun dan setek tidak berdaun) masih 100% setelah disimpan selama 7hari. Hampir dari seluruh parameter pertumbuhan (tinggi tanaman, jumlahcabang, jumlah daun) yang diamati menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhanbibit setek berdaun lebih baik dibandingkan dengan setek yang tidakberdaun.Kata kunci : Nilam, Pogostemon cablin Benth, bibit, setek berakar,penyimpanan, pertumbuhan, Jawa BaratABSTRACTEffect of storage periods of rooted cutting on the growthof patchouli (Pogostemon cablin Benth)Providing high quality of patchouli (Pogostemon cablin Benth)seedlings is necessary to support the development of patchouli plants. Inthe new developing area transportation become serious problems (highcost transportation), therefore some alternative solution is reducing thetransportation cost without reducing the quality of the seedlings. Base onthe problems, this experiment was conducted. The objective of thisexperiment was to study the effect of storage periods of rooted cuttings onthe growth of patchouli plant. The experiment was conducted in the greenhouse of Indonesian Spice and Medicinal Crops Research Institute(ISMECRI), from April to August 2004. The experiment was arranged ina split-plot design with 3 replications. The main plot was 2 kinds of cuttingthere were: (1) leaf cutting and (2) non leaf cutting. The sub plot was 5different storage periods, there were: (1) control (no storage), (2)1 daystorage, (3) 3 day storage, (4) 5 day storage, (5) 7 day storage. Thevariables observed were plant growth (plant height, number of leaves andnumber of shoots), dry weight of stems, leaves and roots. The results ofexperiment indicated that after 7 day storage, rooted cuttings of patchouliwere still 100% viable. The growth of patchouli from leaf cutting wassignificantly different from non leaf cutting. Patchouli plant from leafcutting produced higher plant height, number of leaves, number of shootsand dry weight of plants compared to those of patchouli plants from nonleaf cuttings. Storage period significantly affected the height of plantshowever it did not significantly affected the number of leaves, number ofshoots and dry weight of plants.Key words: Pacthouli, Pogostemon cablin, seedlings, rooted cutting,storage, growth, West JavE
PENGARUH KERAPATAN BULU DAUN DAN KELENJAR GOSIPOL TERHADAP INFESTASI HAMA PENGISAP DAUN Amrasca biguttula ISHIDA DAN PENGGEREK BUAH Helicoverpa armigera HUBNER PADA KAPAS IGAA. INDRAYANI; SIWI SUMARTINI
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 18, No 3 (2012): September 2012
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v18n3.2012.95-101

Abstract

ABSTRAKSebagai hama utama tanaman kapas (Gossypium hirsutum L.),pengisap daun Amrasca biguttula Ishida dan penggerek buah, Helicoverpaarmigera Hubner merupakan faktor pembatas produktivitas. Kedua hamaini dapat dikendalikan secara efektif dan efisien jika menggunakan varietastahan yang sumber ketahanannya berasal dari karakteristik morfologi(antixenosis), terutama kerapatan bulu daun, dan antibiosis (kelenjargosipol). Bulu daun berperan sebagai penghalang serangan hama pengisap,A. biguttula, sedangkan gosipol bersifat racun terhadap hama H. armigera.Penelitian ini dilakukan di  Kebun Percobaan  Asembagus danLaboratorium Patologi Serangga, Balai Penelitian Tanaman Pemanis danSerat, Malang mulai Maret sampai Juli 2011. Tujuan penelitian adalahuntuk mengetahui pengaruh kerapatan bulu daun dan kelenjar gosipol 15aksesi kapas terhadap infestasi hama A. biguttula dan H. armigera.Sebanyak 15 aksesi kapas, yaitu (1) HSCY 52, (2) DPL 55, (3) Deltapine(DP) 340, (4) PTY 800, (5) Chinese x 229, (6) GLK 320 x 359 x 339 x448/8, (7) GLK 135 x 182 x 351 x 268/9, (8) GLK 351 x 268/4, (9) GLK135 x 182/8, (10) GLK 135 x 182/10, (11) Kanesia 15, (12) CEA N 886(hirsute), (13) Stoneville 825 (blackseed), (14) DPL 55 B, dan (15) HSC 5digunakan sebagai perlakuan ditanam dalam petak berukuran 10 x 3 mdengan jarak tanam 100 x 25 cm dengan satu tanaman per lubang. Setiapperlakuan (aksesi) disusun dalam rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) denganempat kali ulangan. Parameter yang diamati adalah kerapatan bulu daundan populasi nimfa A. biguttula pada 3 daun tanaman sampel berbeda,kerapatan kelenjar gosipol diamati pada batang, daun dan buah kapas, danpopulasi larva H. armigera diamati dari 5 kanopi tanaman sampel dilapangan. Data hasil pengamatan dianalisis menggunakan sidik ragam.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aksesi kapas yang memilikikerapatan bulu daun tinggi (200-268 helai/cm 2 ) dengan populasi nimfa A.biguttula rendah (kurang dari 2 ekor/tanaman) adalah GLK 320 x 359 x339 x 448/8, GLK 135 x 182 x 351 x 268/9, GLK 351 x 268/4, GLK 135 x182/8, GLK 135 x 182/10, Kanesia 15, CEA N 886 (hirsute), dan DPL 55B. Korelasi negatif yang kuat antara kerapatan bulu daun dan populasinimfa A. biguttula (r = -0,711; y = -0,012x + 3,836) menyebabkanpenurunan jumlah nimfa/tanaman pada aksesi dengan kerapatan bulu daunyang tinggi. Keberadaan kelenjar gosipol, khususnya pada buah, efektifmengurangi infestasi larva H. armigera, karena berkorelasi negatif (r =-0,579; y = -3,796x + 51,886). Populasi larva H. armigera pada aksesiHSCY 52, DP 340, PTY 800, Kanesia 15, dan CEA N 886 lebih rendahdan kerapatan kelenjar gosipol pada buah rata-rata lebih tinggi (43-57kelenjar/cm 2 ) dibanding aksesi lainnya (34-44 kelenjar/cm 2 ). Terdapat duaaksesi kapas yang menunjukkan tahan terhadap A. biguttula maupun H.armigera, yaitu: Kanesia 15 dan CEA N 886 (hirsute) sehingga keduanyaberpotensi sebagai materi genetik pembawa sifat tahan terhadap A.biguttula dan H. armigera.Kata kunci: aksesi, Amrasca biguttula, kelenjar gosipol, Gossypiumhirsutum, Helicoverpa armigeraABSTRACTAs major insect pests, A. biguttula and H. armigera have beenlimiting factors of cotton productivity. These insect pests could beeffectively controlled by using resistant varieties based on plantmorphological characters (antixenosis), especially leaf hair density, andantibiosis resistance mechanism. Leaf hair density prevented the nymph ofA. biguttula to suck the leaf sap freely while gossypol gland toxics to H.armigera larvae. This study was conducted at Asembagus ExperimentalGarden and Insect Pathology Laboratory of Indonesian Sweeteners andFiber Crops Research Institute in Malang from March to July 2011. Theobjective of study was to find out the effect of leaf hairs and gossypolglands density of fifteen cotton accessions to infestation of sucking pest, A.biguttula and bollworm H. armigera. Fifteen cotton accessions: (1) HSCY52, (2) DPL 55, (3) Deltapine (DP) 340, (4) PTY 800, (5) Chinese x 229,(6) GLK 320 x 359 x 339 x 448/8, (7) GLK 135 x 182 x 351 x 268/9, (8)GLK 351 x 268/4, (9) GLK 135 x 182/8, (10) GLK 135 x 182/10, (11)Kanesia 15, (12) CEA N 886 (hirsute), (13) Stoneville 825 (blackseed),(14) DPL 55 B, and (15) HSC 5 were used as treatments and planted in 10x 3 m of plot size with 100 x 25 cm of row spacing with one plant perhole. Each treatment (accession) was arranged in Randomized CompleteDesign (RCD) with four replications. Parameter observed were leaf hairdensity and population of A. biguttula nymph on three sample leaves fromdifferent plant, gossypol gland density was observed on stem, leaves andboll of sample plant, and population of H. armigera larvae was recordedfrom plant canopy. Data observed were analized with analysis of variance.Results showed that cotton accessions with lower leaf hair density (200-268 pieces/cm 2 ) and less than 2 nymphs/plant were GLK 320 x 359 x 339x 448/8, GLK 135 x 182 x 351 x 268/9, GLK 351 x 268/4, GLK 135 x182/8, GLK 135 x 182/10, Kanesia 15 and CEA N 886 (hirsute) and DPL55 B. Negative correlation (r = -0,711 and y = -0.012x + 3.836) betweenleaf hair density and population of A. biguttula nymph reduced the nymphpopulation when leaf hair density increased. Gossypol gland density,mainly on bollwall, effectively reduced the larval population due tonegative correlation between the two parameters (r = -0.579 and y = -3.796x + 51.886). Lower population of H. armigera larvae was counted onHSCY 52, DP 340, PTY 800, Kanesia 15, and CEA N 886 (hirsute) due tohigher gossypol density (43-57 glands/cm 2 ) compared to other accessionswith lower gossypol density (34-44 glands/cm 2 ). Kanesia 15 and CEA N886 (hirsute) were seemed to be the potential genetic materials fordeveloping resistant varieties against A. biguttula and H. armigera.Key words: accession, Amrasca biguttula, gossypol gland, Gossypiumhirsutum, Helicoverpa armigera
ANALISIS DIVERSITAS GENETIK AKSESI KELAPA SAWIT KAMERUN BERDASARKAN MARKA SSR I MADE TASMA; SEKAR ARUMSARI
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 19, No 4 (2013): Desember 2013
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v19n4.2013.194-202

Abstract

ABSTRAKDiversitas genetik aksesi kelapa sawit Indonesia saat ini sangatrendah. Dalam usaha meningkatkan keragaman genetik telah dilakukaneksplorasi plasma nutfah di pusat keragaman genetik kelapa sawit diKamerun. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui diversitas genetikdan tingkat polimorfisme berdasarkan marka SSR aksesi-aksesi kelapasawit Kamerun. Bahan tanaman yang digunakan 49 aksesi kelapa sawitKamerun, Afrika yang ditanam di Kebun Sumber Daya Genetik (SDG)Sawit Sijunjung, Sumatera Barat. DNA genomik diisolasi dari tiapindividu aksesi menggunakan protokol isolasi DNA untuk tanamanbergetah. DNA dianalisis menggunakan 20 marka SSR. Dendrogramkekerabatan dikonstruksi menggunakan metode Unweighted Pair GroupMethod Arithmetic (UPGMA) melalui software NTSYS-pc (NumericalTaxonomy and Multivariate Analysis System) versi 2.1-pc. Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan nilai polimorfisme information content (PIC) marka SSRtinggi sebesar 0,80 (berkisar 0,63-0,91). Jumlah alel yang terdeteksi permarka SSR berkisar antara 4-15 alel per lokus SSR (rata-rata 8,75).Analisis filogenetik 49 aksesi menghasilkan diversitas genetik 12,5-54,72% (kemiripan genetik 55,28-87,50%). Pada diversitas genetik54,72%, aksesi Kamerun terbagi menjadi tujuh kelompok masing-masingterdiri dari 9, 28, 4, 2, 1, 2, dan 3 aksesi. Aksesi dengan diversitas genetiktinggi dan berada pada klaster berbeda, potensial digunakan sebagai calontetua dalam program pemuliaan kelapa sawit.Kata kunci: Elaeis guineensis Jacq., diversitas genetik, plasma nutfah,marka SSRABSTRACTGenetic diversity of the Indonesian oil palm collection is very low.To improve their genetic variability, exploration from the oil palm centerof origins has been done in Kamerun. The objectives of this study were todetermine genetic and polymorphism level of the SSR markers Cameroon-originated oil palm accessions. Genetic materials used were 49 Cameroon-originated oil palm accessions collected at Sijunjung Oil Palm GermplamCollection Station, West Sumatera. Genomic DNA was isolated using aprotocol for isolating DNA from leaves rich with latex. DNA was analyzedusing 20 SSR markers. A dendogram was constructed using theUnweighted Pair Group Method Arithmetic (UPGMA) method through theNumerical Taxonomy and Multivariate Analysis System software(NTSYS-pc) version 2.1-pc. Results showed that the polimorfismeinformation content (PIC) values of the SSR markers used was high, 0.80(range from 0.63-0.91). The average number of the SSR alleles detectedwas also high, 8.75 alleles (range from 4-15 alleles per SSR locus).Phylogenetic analysis of the 49 oil palm accessions resulted geneticdiversity of 12.5-54.72% (genetic similarity of 55.28-87.50%). At geneticdiversity 54.72%, the 49 accessions were divided into seven clusters, eachconsisted of 9, 28, 4, 2, 1, 2, and 3 accesions, respectively. Accessionswith high genetic diversity and located at different clusters may be usefulas parent candidates in the future oil palm breeding programs.Key words: Elaeis guineensis Jacq., genetic diversity, germplasm, SSRmarkers
PENGENDALIAN PENYAKIT LAYU BAKTERI NILAM MENGGUNAKAN Bacillus spp. DAN Pseudomonad fluoresen CHRISNAWATI CHRISNAWATI; NASRUN NASRUN; TRIWIDODO ARWIYANTO
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 15, No 3 (2009): September 2009
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v15n3.2009.116-123

Abstract

ABSTRAKPenelitian pengendalian penyakit layu bakteri nilam (Ralstoniasolanacearum) menggunakan Bacillus spp. dan Pseudomonad fluoresen dikebun petani nilam di Nagari Kajai, Pasaman Barat, Sumatera Barat telahdilakukan pada bulan Mei sampai November 2006. Penelitian ini bertujuanuntuk mendapatkan Bacillus spp. dan Pseudomonad fluoresen yangberpotensi untuk mengendalikan penyakit layu bakteri, dan meningkatkanpertumbuhan dan produksi nilam. Isolat Bacillus spp. Bc 26; Bc 80 dan Bc81 dan Pseudomonad fluoresen Pf 101; Pf146 dan Pf 170 dalam bentukkombinasi sebagai perlakuan yang diisolasi dari rizosfer nilam sehat, dandiseleksi berdasarkan kemampuan antagonistik terhadap R. solanacearumsecara in vitro di laboratorium dan in planta di rumah kaca KP BalittroLaing Solok. Isolat Bacillus spp. dan Pseudomonad fluoresen tersebutdiintroduksikan ke nilam dan dibiarkan selama 1 minggu sebelum ditanam.Tanaman yang telah diperlakukan dengan isolat Bacillus spp. danPseudomonad fluoresen ditanam pada kebun nilam yang telah terinfeksioleh bakteri patogen pada bulan Mei 2006. Perlakuan yang diuji disusundalam rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan 3 ulangan. Parameterpengamatan adalah perkembangan penyakit layu bakteri meliputi masainkubasi dan intensitas penyakit, pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi isolat Bacillus spp. Bc26dan Pseudomonad fluoresen Pf101 dapat mengendalikan penyakit layubakteri nilam lebih baik dibandingkan dengan isolat Bacillus spp. Bc 26dan Pseudomonad fluoresen Pf 101 secara terpisah dan isolat Bacillus spp.dan Pseudomonad fluoresen lainnya secara kombinasi dan terpisah.Kombinasi isolat Bacillus spp. Bc 26 dan Pseudomonad fluoresen Pf 101dapat menunda masa inkubasi gejala penyakit layu bakteri dari 21 harisetelah tanam (HST) menjadi 63 HST dan menekan intensitas penyakitlayu bakteri dari 63,90% menjadi 14,67%. Di samping itu kombinasikedua isolat tersebut dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman sepertitinggi tanaman dari 35,53 cm menjadi 52,77 cm, jumlah daun total dari32,00 daun/tanaman menjadi 104,67 daun/tanaman, jumlah tunas dari10,33 tunas/tanaman menjadi 25,33 tunas/tanaman, berat basah daun dari16,20 g/petak menjadi 81,73 g/petak dan berat kering daun dari 5,44 g/petak menjadi 27,15 g/petak. Hasil percobaan ini menunjukkan bahwakombinasi isolat Bacillus spp. Bc 26 dan Pseudomonad fluoresen Pf 101mempunyai kemampuan tertinggi dalam mengendalikan penyakit layubakteri dan meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman nilam di lapang.Kata kunci: Pogostemon  cablin  Benth,  penyakit  layu  bakteri,pengendalian, Bacillus spp., Pseudomonad fluorescentABSTRACTUse of Bacillus sp. and Fluorecent Pseudomonad to Control Bacterial Wilt Disease on Patchouli PlantThe study of controlling bacterial wilt disease on patchouli plant(Ralstonia solacearum) with Bacillus spp. and Fluorescent pseudomonadwas carried out in farmer field in Kajai Village, West Pasaman, WestSumatra from May to November 2006. The aims of the study were to findout the effectiveness of Bacillus spp. and Fluorescent pseudomonad forcontrolling bacterial wilt disease, and increasing plant growth andproduction. Isolates of Bacillus spp. Bc 26, Bc 80, and Bc 81, andFluorescent pseudomonad Pf 101, Pf 146 and Pf 170 in combination orseperation as treatments were isolated from the rhizosphere of healthypatchouli plant, and selected based on antagonistic activity on R.solanacearum in vitro at the laboratory and in planta at green house of KP.Balittro Laing Solok. Isolates were inoculated on patchouli plant andremained for one week before planting. The plants, treated with Bacillusspp. and Fluorescent pseudomonad isolates, were planted in the fieldinfected with pathogen bacterial in May 2006. The treatment was arrangedin a randomized block design (RBD) with three replications. Theassessment parameters were incubation period, disease intensity, plantgrowth and production of patchouli plants. The results showed thatcombination of Bacillus spp. and Fluorescent pseudomonad could controlthe bacterial wilt disease better than Bacillus spp. Bc 26 and Fluorescentpseudomonad seperately, and the other Bacillus spp. and Fluorescentpseudomonad either in combination or separation. Combination ofBacillus spp. Bc26 and Fluorescent pseudomonad Pf 101 delayed theincubation period from 21 to 63 days and decreased the disease intensity ofbacterial wilt from 63.90 to 14.67%. In addition combination of bothisolates could affect the increase of plant growth, i.e plant height from35.53 to 52.77 cm, total numbers of leaves from 32.00 to 104 leaves/plant,budding numbers from 10.33 to 25.33 budding/plant, wet weight of leavesfrom 16.20 to 81.73 g/plot, and dry weight of leaves from 5.44 to 27.15g/plot. The results of the experiment showed that Bacillus spp. Bc 26 andFluorescent pseudomonad Pf 101 isolates have the highest activity oncontrolling the bacterial wilt disease and increase the growth of patchouliplant in the field.Key words: Patchouli, Pogostemon cablin Benth, bacterial wilt disease,biological control, Bacillus spp., Fluorescent pseudomonad
PENGARUH PEMUPUKAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN, PRODUKSI, DAN MUTU TANAMAN TIMI (Thymus vulgaris L.) RAHARDJO RAHARDJO; I. DARWATI; H. NURHAYATI
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 20, No 4 (2014): Desember 2014
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v20n4.2014.195-202

Abstract

ABSTRAK Tanaman   timi   banyak   dibudidayakan   di   Indonesia   karena bermanfaat  untuk  kesehatan.  Kebutuhan  hara  N,  P,  dan  K  penting diketahui  untuk  mendukung  budidayanya.  Penelitian  bertujuan  untuk mengetahui respon pemupukan terhadap pertumbuhan, produksi, mutu simplisia, dan serapan hara tanaman timi. Penelitian dilaksanakan di KP. Manoko  (1200  m  dpl)  pada  bulan  Januari  sampai  Desember 2013. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan empat ulangan. Perlakuan pemupukan: (1) kontrol (tanpa pupuk); (2) 20 ton/ha pupuk kandang; (3) 20 ton/ha pupuk kandang + urea, SP36, dan KCl masing- masing 50 kg/ha; (4) 20 ton/ha pupuk kandang + urea, SP36, dan KCl masing-masing 75 kg/ha; (5) 20 ton/ha pupuk kandang + urea, SP36, dan KCl masing-masing 100 kg/ha; (6) 20 ton/ha pupuk kandang + urea, SP36, dan KCl masing-masing 125 kg/ha; (7) 20 ton/ha pupuk kandang + urea, SP36, dan KCl masing-masing 150 kg/ha; dan (8) Urea, SP36, dan KCl masing-masing 150 kg/ha. Peubah yang diamati: tinggi, bobot segar dan kering, produksi herba kering, mutu simplisia, serta kadar hara N, P, dan K tanaman. Produksi herba tertinggi (3,93 ton/ha) diperoleh pada perlakuan urea, SP36, dan KCl masing-masing 150 kg/ha. Peningkatan SP36 menjadi 150 kg/ha yang diikuti oleh urea dan KCl masing-masing 150 kg/ha tanpa pupuk kandang, mampu meningkatkan herba kering timi 44-88%. Kadar thymol  tertinggi (70,90%)  dicapai  pada  perlakuan 20  ton/ha  pupuk kandang +  urea,  SP36,  dan  KCl  masing-masing 150  kg/ha,  namun menghasilkan kadar minyak atsiri terendah (0,30%). Sebaliknya, kadar thymol terendah (43,99%) dicapai pada perlakuan tanpa pupuk, tetapi memiliki kadar minyak atsiri tertinggi (0,92%). Kata kunci:  Thymus  vulgaris  L.,  pemupukan,  pertumbuhan,  produksi,             kualitas The Effect of Fertilizer on Growth, Yield, and Quality of Thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.)  ABSTRACT   Thyme has been cultivating in Indonesia because of  its benefits for health. Thyme nutrients requirement is important to support its cultivation. This study is aimed to evaluate thyme responses to fertilizer. The research was  conducted  at  Manoko  Experimental  Garden (1200  m  asl)  from January to December 2013, arranged in randomized block design with four replications. Fertilization treatments: (1) control (no fertilizer); (2) 20 tonnes/kg manure; (3) 20 tonnes/ha manure + 50 kg/ha of each urea, SP36, and KCl; (4) 20 tonnes/kg manure + 75 kg/ha of each urea, SP36, and KCl; (5) 20 tonnes/kg manure + 100 kg/ha of each urea, SP36, and KCl; (6) 20 tonnes/kg manure + 125 kg/ha of each urea, SP36, and KCl; (7) 20 tonnes/kg manure + 150 kg/ha of each urea, SP36, and KCl; and (8) 150 kg/ha of each urea, SP36, and KCl. Parameters observed: plant height, fresh and dry weight per plant, yield of dry herb, simplicia quality, and N, P, and K contents. Treatment 150 kg/ha of each urea, SP36, and KCl was produced the highest yield (3.93 tonnes/ha). The increase of SP36 until 25 kg/ha combined with 150 kg/ha urea and KCl could enhance yield of dry herb 44-88%. The highest thymol content (70.90%) was obtained from treatment 20 tonnes/kg manure + 150 kg/ha of each urea, SP36, and KCl, but it produced the lowest essential oil content (0.30%). Contrarily, control treatment produced the highest essential oil content (0.92%) but gave the lowest thymol content (43.99%).Key words: Thymus vulgaris L., fertilization, growth, yield, quality
POTENSI PRODUKSI DAN MUTU SERAT PADA GALUR-GALUR F1 HASIL PERSILANGAN INTERSPESIES KAPAS TETRAPLOID EMY SULISTYOWATI; SIWI SUMARTINI; ABDURRAKHMAN ABDURRAKHMAN
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 16, No 4 (2010): Desember 2010
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v16n4.2010.150-158

Abstract

ABSTRAKPersilangan interspesies kapas tetraploid antara G. hirsutum danG. barbadense dilakukan untuk memperbaiki mutu serat G. hirsutum.Penelitian dilakukan dengan menguji 16 galur F1 hasil persilanganinterspesifik kapas tetraploid, 8 varietas tetua betina dari kelompokG. hirsutum (Kanesia 9, Kanesia 10, Kanesia 11, Kanesia 12, Kanesia 14,dan Kanesia 15), dan 2 varietas tetua jantan dari kelompok G. barbadense(Pima dan Giza 90). Penelitian disusun dalam rancangan acak kelompokyang diulang dua kali, dengan luas plot 50 m 2 dan jarak tanam 100 x 25cm 2 . Percobaan dilaksanakan di Asembagus dari bulan Januari sampaidengan Desember 2009. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap komponenproduksi, produksi, dan mutu serat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwaproduktivitas galur-galur F1 hasil persilangan interspesies kapas tetraploidberkisar antara 1.495-2.602,50 kg kapas berbiji/ha dan kandungan seratantara 30,14 – 38,66%. Galur F1 yang tertinggi produktivitasnya adalah P08019 (Kanesia 10 x Pima), sedangkan galur yang tertinggi kandunganseratnya adalah P 08032 (Kanesia 13 x Pima). Heterosis produksi kapasberbiji atas rerata kedua tetua pada galur-galur F1 berserat panjang hasilpersilangan interspesies kapas tetraploid cukup luas kisarannya yaitu dari-20,60 sampai 35,47. Galur-galur F1 hasil persilangan interspesies kapastetraploid memiliki kehalusan, kekuatan dan panjang serat yang lebih baikdibandingkan tetua betinanya (G. hirsutum). Limabelas dari 16 galur F1memiliki kehalusan serat yang berada dalam kisaran 3,5 – 4,9 mic.Perbaikan genetik 15 galur F1 tersebut untuk kekuatan serat adalah 7,34 -72,88%, sedangkan untuk karakter panjang serat mencapai 8,94 – 34,58%.Terdapat korelasi negatif antara potensi produksi dan kekuatan serat, jugaantara kehalusan serat dengan kekuatan dan panjang serat.Kata kunci : G. hirsutum, produksi, mutu serat, persilangan interspesies,tetraploidABSTRACTYield and Fiber Properties of F1 Lines Resulted fromInterspecific Hybridisation of Tetraploid CottonInterspecific hybridisation of tetraploid cotton between G. hirsutumand G. barbadense aiming to improve fiber properties of G. hirsutum wascarried out in Asembagus from January through December 2009.Experiment was testing 16 F1 interspecific cotton lines, eight G. hirsutumvarieties of female parents (Kanesia 9, Kanesia 10, Kanesia 11, Kanesia12, Kanesia 14, dan Kanesia 15), and two G. barbadense varieties of maleparents (Pima dan Giza 90). The experiment was arranged in randomizedblock design with two replicates; plot size was 50 m 2 and planting spacewas 100 x 25 cm 2 . Parameters observed were yield components, yield, andfiber properties. Experiment result showed that yield of F1 lines resultedfrom interspecific hybridisation of tetraploid cotton ranged 1,495 –2,602.50 kg seed cotton/ha with gin turnout of 30.4 – 38.66%. Line P08019 (Kanesia 10 x Pima) was the best yielding line, whereas lineP 08032 performed the highest gin turn. Heterosis of yield overmid parentsof each line ranged from -20.60 to 35.47. F1 lines resulted frominterspecific hybridisation of tetraploid cotton have better fiber fineness,strength, and length as compared to their female parents. Fifteen out of 16F1 line have fiber finess of 3.5 - 4.9 mic. The F1 lines showed geneticimprovement of fiber strength by 7.34 - 72.88% and of fiber length by 8.94- 34.58%. A negative correlation was observed between yield and fiberstrength, as well as between fiber fineness and fiber strength and length.Key words : G.  hirsutum,  production,  fiber  value,  interspecifichibdridisation, tetraploid
PENGARUH PEMUPUKAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN, PRODUKSI DAN MUTU SIMPLISIA PURWOCENG (Pimpinella pruatjan Molkenb) MONO RAHARDJO; ROSITA SMD; IRENG DARWATI
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 12, No 2 (2006): JUNI 2006
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v12n2.2006.73-79

Abstract

ABSTRAKPurwoceng (Pimpinella pruatjan Molkenb.) adalah tanaman obatasli Indonesia yang statusnya langka, dan teknologi budidayanya belumbanyak diketahui. Penelitian pengaruh pemupukan terhadap produksi danmutu simplisia purwoceng telah dilakukan tahun 2004-2005 di DesaSikunang, Dieng, Jawa Tengah. Perlakuan pemupukannya adalah: (1)kontrol (tidak dipupuk); (2) 9,6 kg pupuk kandang (pk); (3) 96 g urea + 48g SP36 + 72 g KCl; (4) 9,6 kg pk + 96 g urea + 48 g SP36 + 72 g KCl; (5)9,6 kg pk + 96 g urea + 48 g SP36; (6) 9,6 kg pk + 96 g urea + 72 g KCl;(7) 9,6 kg pk + 48 g SP36 + 72 g KCl. Percobaan menggunakan rancanganacak kelompok diulang 4 kali dengan ukuran petak 2,4 m 2 . Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan bahwa pemberian pupuk lengkap 9,6 kg pk + 96 g urea + 48g SP36 + 72 g KCl/petak dan pemupukan 96 g urea + 48 g SP36 + 72 gKCl/petak dapat meningkatkan produksi dan mutu simplisia purwoceng.Dibandingkan dengan tanaman yang tidak dipupuk, produksi simplisiameningkat 40%, kadar stigmasterol di akar meningkat 11 – 14 kali. Akartanaman purwoceng yang tidak dipupuk tidak mengandung sitosterol,tetapi setelah dipupuk mengandung sitosterol sebanyak 16,17 – 17,11 ppm.Tajuk tanaman tidak mengandung bergapten apabila tidak dipupuk, tetapisetelah dipupuk mengandung bergapten 4,92 – 5,56 ppm. Produksi danmutu simplisia perlakuan 96 g urea + 48 g SP36 + 72 g KCl/petak tidakberbeda nyata dibandingkan dengan perlakuan 9,6 kg pk + 96 g urea + 48g SP36 + 72 g KCl/petak. Ini diduga karena kandungan bahan organiktanah cukup tinggi, sehingga penambahan 96 kg/petak pupuk kandangtidak berpengaruh nyata. Untuk menghasilkan simplisia kering purwocengsecara optimal 8,41 g/tanaman (6,98 kwt/ha) dan bermutu tinggi,diperlukan serapan hara N, P dan K pada jaringan tanaman masing-masingberturut-turut sebanyak 283 mg N; 55 mg P; dan 356 mg K/tanaman atausetara dengan 23,50 kg N; 6,30 kg P; dan 38,90 kg K/ha.Kata kunci: Purwoceng, Pimpinella pruatjan Molkenb, pemupukan,pertumbuhan, produksi, mutu, Jawa TengahABSTRACTEffect of fertilizer application on production and qualityof Pimpinella pruatjan MolkenbPurwoceng (Pimpinella pruatjan Molkenb) is an Indonesianindigenous medicinal plant. Purwoceng is classified as an endangeredspecies, and its cultivation technology has not been devoleped. Theobjective of the research was to find out the effect of fertilizer applicationon the production and quality of purwoceng simplisia. The research wasconducted in Sikunang, Dieng, Wonosobo, Central Java from 2004 until2005. The treatments of fertilizer application on 2.4 m 2  were (1) control(without fertilizer); (2) 9.6 kg dung manure (dm); (3) 96 g urea + 48 gSP36 + 72 g KCl; (4) 9.6 kg pk + 96 g urea + 48 g SP36 + 72 g KCl; (5)9.6 kg pk + 96 g urea + 48 g SP36; (6) 96 kg pk + 9.6 g urea + 72 g KCl;(7) 9.6 kg pk + 48 g SP36 + 72 g KCl. The experiment was designed inrandomized block designed with four replications. The result of theresearch showed that the treatments of 9.6 kg dm + 96 g urea + 48 g SP36+ 72 g KCl/2.4 m 2 and 96 g urea + 48 g SP36 + 72 g KCl/2.4 m 2 increasedthe simplisia production and quality compared with control. The simplisiaproduction increased up to 40% and the stigma sterol content in the rootsincreased up to 11 – 14 times. The content of sitosterol in the plants withfertilizer application was 6.7 – 17.11 ppm but in the plants withoutfertilizer application was zero. The content of bergapten in shoot part ofplant with fertilizer application was 4.92 – 5.56 ppm, but in the shoot partwithout fertilizer application was zeros. The production and quality ofsimplisia with the fertilizer application of 96 g urea + 48 g SP36 + 72 gKCl/2.4 m 2 were not significantly different from those with fertilizerapplication of 9.6 kg pk + 96 g urea + 48 g SP36 + 72 gKCl/2.4 m 2 . Ithappened probably because the organic soil content was high, so that theapplication of 40 ton/ha of dung manure did not give any effect.Furthermore, to increase the optimum production of purwoceng simplisia(6.98 kwt/ha) with high quality it needs 283 mg N, 55 mg P dan 356 mgK/plant or 23.50 kg N, 6.30 kg P, and 38.90 K/ha.Key words : Purwoceng,  Pimpinella  pruatjan  Molkenb,  fertilizerapplication, growth, production, quality, Central Java
PENGARUH MINYAK BUNGKIL BIJI JARAK PAGAR TERHADAP MORTALITAS DAN PENELURAN Helicoverpa armigera Hũbner S.W. TUKIMIN; ELNA KARMAWATI
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 18, No 2 (2012): Juni 2012
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v18n2.2012.54-59

Abstract

ABSTRAKJarak pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) menghasilkan limbah dari bijipada saat pemrosesan biji menjadi minyak kasar (JCO). Limbah ini berupabungkil yang dapat dimanfaatkan baik untuk pupuk organik maupununtuk bahan pestisida nabati. Bahan kimia yang bersifat toksik terhadapserangga dalam biji jarak pagar adalah phorbol ester dan curcin.Keduanya terikat dalam minyak ketika pemrosesan dan efektif untukmengendalikan beberapa hama tanaman perkebunan setelah diformulasi.Ternyata di dalam bungkil sebagai limbahnya masih tersisa kedua bahanaktif tersebut, oleh sebab itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihatefektivitas formula ekstrak bungkil jarak pagar terhadap hama utama kapasyaitu Helicoverpa armigera Hũbner. Penelitian dilaksanakan diLaboratorium Entomologi, Balai Penelitian Tanaman Pemanis dan Serat(Balittas Malang) pada bulan April sampai Desember 2010 menggunakanrancangan acak kelompok dengan 6 perlakuan (4 perlakuan konsentrasidan 2 kontrol) dan 4 ulangan. Biji jarak pagar yang digunakan merupakanaksesi dari Sulawesi Selatan, Lampung, dan Jawa Timur. Bungkildimaserasi  menggunakan  pelarut  metanol,  kemudian  diformulasimenggunakan detergen dengan konsentrasi 5, 10, 20, dan 40 ml ditambahmasing-masing 1 g detergen dalam 1 liter larutan. Aplikasi dilakukan duamacam sebagai racun kontak dan racun pakan. Pengamatan dilakukanterhadap mortalitas, berat pupa, dan peneluran serangga pada 24, 48, 72,dan 120 jam setelah aplikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa urutanefektivitas aksesi jarak pagar adalah Sulawesi Selatan, Lampung, dan JawaTimur yang ternyata berkorelasi positif dengan kandungan phorbol esteryaitu 9,39; 6,64; dan 4,39 µg/ml. Tidak satu butirpun telur yang diletakkanpada aplikasi 10 ml aksesi Sulsel + 1 g detergen/l larutan dan 20 ml aksesiJatim + 1 g detergen/l larutan.Kata kunci : Jatropha curcas L, curcin, phorbol ester, bungkil biji jarakpagar, Helicoverpa armigera Hũbner, mortalitas, peneluranABSTRACTEffect of Jatropha cake oil on mortality and fertility ofHelicoverpa armigera HũbnerPhysic nut (Jatropha curcas L.) produces waste from its seedsduring seed processing into JCO. This waste (cake) can be furtherprocessed into organic fertilizer and botanical pesticide. The toxicchemicals for insect inside the seeds are phorbol ester and curcin. Both areincluded in JCO during the process and those are effective to control estatecrops insect pests after being formulated. In fact same of those chemicalsstill remain in the seeds cake, therefore, the objective of the research is tofind out the effectiveness of its formulation on Helicoverpa armigeraHũbner, the main pest of cotton. The research was carried out at theIndonesian Sweetener and Fiber Crops Research Institute, Malang fromApril to December 2010, and the experiment was arranged usingRandomized Block Design with 6 treatments and 4 replicates. Thematerials used were three (3) accessions of jatropha from South Sulawesi,Lampung, and East Java origins. Methanol was used for extracting thechemicals, and then detergent was used for formulating 4 concentrationlevels of : 5, 10, 20, and 40 ml/l + 1 g detergent each. The methods usedwere contact and oral applications. The parameters observed weremortality, pupae weight and fertility. It was revealed that the effectivenesswas positively correlated with phorbol ester contents i.e. 9.39, 6.64, and4.39 µg/ml for South Sulawesi, Lampung, and East Java accessions,respectively. There was no egg laid by female of H. armigera fed withshoots and squares contaminated with bio-pesticides (10 and 20 ml/l ofSouth Sulawesi and East Java accessions).Key words : Jatropha curcas L, curcin, phorbol ester, Jatropha seed cakeoil, Helicoverpa armigera Hũbner, mortality, fertility
RESPON TEMULAWAK (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) HASIL RIMPANG KULTUR JARINGAN GENERASI KEDUA TERHADAP PEMUPUKAN ENDANG HADIPOENTYANTI; SITTI FATIMAH SYAHID
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 13, No 3 (2007): SEPTEMBER 2007
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v13n3.2007.106-110

Abstract

ABSTRAKPenelitian mengenai respon temulawak hasil rimpang kulturjaringan generasi kedua terhadap pemupukan telah dilaksanakan di lahanpetani Sumur Wangi, Kecamatan Tanah Sareal, Bogor dari bulan Oktober2002 sampai bulan September 2003. Bahan tanaman yang digunakansebagai benih adalah rimpang induk temulawak hasil kultur jaringangenerasi kedua. Perlakuan yang diuji adalah : (1) tanpa pupuk (kontrol),(2) pupuk kandang kambing 1 kg/tanaman, (3) pupuk kandang kambing 2kg/tanaman, (4) pupuk kandang kambing 1 kg/tanaman + pupuk buatanyaitu urea 2 g/tanaman, SP-36 1,8 g/tanaman dan KCL 2,7 g/tanaman dan,(5) pupuk kandang kambing 2 kg/tanaman + pupuk buatan urea 2g/tanaman, SP-36 1,8 g/tanaman dan KCL 2,7 g/tanaman. Rancangan yangdigunakan adalah rancangan acak kelompok dengan tiga ulangan. Setiapulangan terdiri atas sepuluh tanaman. Jarak tanam yang digunakan adalah60 cm x 60 cm. Parameter yang diamati adalah persentase tumbuh, jumlahanakan, tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, panjang dan lebar daun serta lingkarbatang pada umur empat bulan, bobot rimpang per tanaman, panjang, lebardan diameter rimpang, jumlah rimpang induk serta analisa mutu yangmeliputi kadar air, kadar minyak atsiri dan kurkumin pada umursembilan bulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah anakan,tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun dan panjang daun tidak dipengaruhi olehaplikasi pemupukan. Respon tanaman terhadap aplikasi pemupukanberpengaruh terhadap parameter lebar daun dan lingkar batang.Selanjutnya pemupukan berpengaruh nyata terhadap berat rimpang,panjang rimpang, lebar rimpang serta jumlah rimpang induk namuntidak berpengaruh terhadap diameter rimpang. Kandungan kurkuminpaling tinggi diperoleh pada perlakuan tanpa pemupukan.Kata kunci : Temulawak,  Curcuma  xanthorrhiza,  kultur  jaringan,pemupukan, pertumbuhan, produksi, mutu, Jawa BaratABSTRACTResponse of Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.)derived from rhizome in vitro of the second generation tofertilizer aplicationThe experiment was conducted to study the response of temulawakderived from rhizome in vitro of the second generation to fertilizerapplication. It was carried out in a farmer field at Sumur Wangi, Bogorfrom October 2002 to September 2003. Plant materials used were obtainedfrom in vitro rhizome of the second generation. Treatments tested werefive level of manure fertilizer and artificial fertilizer : (1) without fertilizer(control), (2) stable manure 1 kg/plant, (3) stable manure 2 kg/plant, (4)stable manure 1 kg/plant + artificial fertilizer i.e urea 2 g/plant, SP-36 1.8g/plant and KCL 2.7 g/plant and (5) stable manure 2 kg/plant + artificialfertilizer i.e urea 2 g/plant, SP-36 1.8 g/plant and KCL 2.7 g/plant. Theexperiment was designed using a randomized block design with threereplications, ten plants per replication. Plant spacing was 60 cm x 60 cm.The parameters observed were growth percentage, number of tillers, plantheight, number of leaves, length and width of leaves, stem coil at fourmonths of age, rhizome weight, length and width, rhizome diameter andnumber of main rhizomes. In addition, quality analysis was also conductedon water, essential, oil and curcumin content, nine months of age. Resultshowed that fertilizer treatment did not significantly increase the numberof tillers, plant height, leaf number, rhizome length and diameter comparedwith without fertilizer, but it significantly increased the leaf width, stemcoil, rhizome weight, length and width and also the number of mainrhizomes. The highest curcumin content was achieved by those withoutfertilizer treatment.Key words : Temulawak, Curcuma xanthorrhiza, tissue culture, fertilizerapplication, growth, yield, quality, West Java
PENINGKATAN KERAGAMAN GENETIK PURWOCENG MELALUI IRADIASI SINAR GAMMA DAN SELEKSI IN VITRO IKA ROOSTIKA; IRENG DARWATI; YUDIWANTI YUDIWANTI
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 19, No 2 (2013): Juni 2013
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v19n2.2013.88-98

Abstract

ABSTRAKPeningkatkan keragaman genetik purwoceng memerlukan aplikasiteknologi alternatif yang mampu membentuk keragaman baru. Tujuanpenelitian adalah untuk meningkatkan keragaman genetik dan toleransipurwoceng terhadap cekaman suhu tinggi melalui iradiasi dan seleksi invitro. Tahapan penelitian meliputi induksi mutasi kalus embriogenikdengan sinar gamma, seleksi in vitro dengan cekaman suhu tinggi, induksiperakaran  somaklon  putatif,  analisis  keragaman  genetik  secaraflowcytometry, dan aklimatisasi somaklon putatif. Iradiasi dilakukan padadosis 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, dan 5 Krad sedangkan seleksi in vitro dilakukan padatiga level suhu (20, 25, dan 30 0 C). Induksi perakaran dilakukan dalam duatahap, dengan menggunakan media DKW atau MS yang mengandungsukrosa 3-6% dengan penambahan IBA atau NAA taraf 0,5-1,5 ppm. Hasilpenelitian menunjukkan bahwa kalus purwoceng mampu bertahan hiduppada dosis iradiasi tertinggi (5 Krad). Meningkatnya dosis iradiasicenderung meningkatkan pendewasaan embrio somatik. Pada tahap seleksiin vitro, kalus purwoceng mampu tumbuh pada kondisi suhu tertinggi(30 0 C). Tingkat proliferasi kalus yang tinggi dan jumlah embrio somatikterbanyak diperoleh dari perlakuan suhu 25 0 C. Embrio somatik yangterbentuk dari perlakuan suhu tinggi tersebut merupakan kandidatsomaklon yang toleran suhu tinggi pada lingkungan dataran rendah.Diantara embrio somatik yang terbentuk, hanya embrio yang berasal dariperlakuan suhu 20 0 C saja yang berhasil membentuk planlet. Media yangterbaik untuk induksi perakaran adalah media MS yang mengandungsukrosa 4% dengan penambahan NAA 1,5 ppm. Analisis ploidi pada daunembrio somatik menunjukkan terbentuknya varian yang bersifat tetraploid(4x).Kata kunci: Pimpinella pruatjan, iradiasi sinar gamma, seleksi in vitro,keragaman genetik, suhu tinggiABSTRACTTo improve new pruatjan genetic variations, the alternativetechnology should be applied. The objective of the research was to increasepruatjan genetic variation and tolerance to the high temperature throughinduced mutation and in vitro selection. The steps of this study were inducedmutation of embryogenic callus by gamma irradiation, in vitro selection, rootinduction of putative somaclones, genetic variation analysis by flowcytometer,and putative somaclones acclimatization. The dosages of gamma irradiationwere 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 Krad. In vitro selection was conducted at threetemperatures (20, 25, and 30 0 C). The root induction was conducted in twosteps by using DKW or MS media containing of 3-6% sucrose withaddition of 0.5-1.5 ppm IBA or NAA. The result showed that embryogeniccalli could survive after treatment of the highest gamma irradiation dose. Ittends to increase the maturation of somatic embryos. During in vitroselection, embryogenic calli could grow at the highest temperature but thehighest callus proliferation and the number of somatic embryos wereobtained from 25 0 C. The somatic embryos survived and grew at the hightemperature are assumed as somaclones which considered as thecandidates of tolerant plants to high temperature that can be developed inthe of low altitude area. Among the regenerated somatic embryos, only the20 0 C-derived embryos were successfully form plantlets. The best mediumfor root induction was MS basal medium containing of 4% sucrosesupplemented with 1.5 ppm NAA. The ploidy analysis of somatic embryosleaf showed a tetraploid (4x) variant.Key words: Pimpinella pruatjan, gamma irradiation, in vitro selection,genetic variation, high temperature

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