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Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri (Littri)
Published by Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan
ISSN : 08538212     EISSN : 25286870     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri (JLITTRI) aims to publish primary research articles of current research topics, not simultaneously submitted to nor previously published in other scientific or technical ojournals. General review articles will not be accepted. The journal maintains strict standards of content, presentation,and reviewing. SCOPE The journal will consider primary research papers from any source if they make an original contribution to the experimental or theoretical understanding and application of theories and methodologies of some aspects of agricultural science in Indonesia including: Estate crops; Soil science; Climate science; Agronomy; Plant breeding; Biotechnology; Genetic resources; Plant pathology; Plant physiology; Entomology; Farming system; Postharvest technology; Socio-economic agriculture; Environment; Agricultural extension. The journal publishes Indonesian or English articles. Since the year of 2017, the jurnal is published twice a year in (June and December).
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 504 Documents
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EFFECT OF POTASSIUM ON GROWTH, YIELD AND QUALITY OF CITRONELLA GRASS Gusmaini Gusmaini; M. Syakir
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 26, No 1 (2020): June, 2020
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v26n1.2020.32-39

Abstract

Citronella grass nowadays are developed in the highland that dominated by Andosol soil type. Thus, it is important to find out the proper fertilizer dosage, especially potassium, for citronella grass cultivation in Andosol soil. This study aimed to obtain the optimal of potassium dosage for growth, production and quality of Citronella grass oil. It was conducted at Manoko research station in Lembang, Bandung West Java from July 2014 to August 2015. This research was arranged in randomized block design, with 5 treatments and 5 replication. The treatments consisted of 5 potassium dosages: 1) without potassium, 2) 30 kg/ha K2O, 2) 60 kg/ha K2O, 3) 90 kg/ha K2O, and 5) 120 kg/ha K2O. The application of potassium on Andosol enhanced plant growth, production and oil yield significantly.  However, it did not affect the quality of citronella grass oil (citronella and oil content) significantly. The application of 30 kg/ha K2O in citronella grass cultivation on Andosol has the best result. The oil yield was 1.20% (the 1st harvest), 1.28% (The 2nd harvest) and 1.23% (the 3rd harvest), with yield increment 6.9-7.5%. Oil content was 1,40-1,70%. The K nutrient uptake also improved around 11.76%. Citronella content from all treatments ranged from 36.97-37.68%. This result suggested that the low dosage of potassium in Andosol was sufficient to enhance primary metabolites process (indicated by growth and yield). However, it had no direct effect on the secondary metabolite process (represented by essential oil and citronella content). Based on the soil analysis after trial, the K residues in the soil was still high. However, its availability for the plants had to be tested further.Keywords: Cymbopogon nardus, citronella content, oil content, oil yield, potassium.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA KARAKTER VEGETATIF DE NGAN PRODUKSI PATI SAGU BARUQ TENDA, ELSJE T.; MIFTAHORRACHMAN, .
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 20, No 4 (2014): Desember 2014
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v20n4.2014.203-210

Abstract

ABSTRAK Sagu baruq merupakan tanaman sumber karbohidrat yang diambil dari batang. Masalah yang dihadapi adalah seleksi produksi pati pada setiap pohon. Banyak atau sedikitnya produksi pati akan diketahui setelah pohon ditebang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan informasi genetik plasma nutfah sagu baruq, terutama untuk mengetahui korelasi antara  karakter-karakter  vegetatif  dengan  produksi  pati,  yang  dapat dimanfaatkan untuk kegiatan seleksi tetua. Salah satu alat yang bisa digunakan untuk mendapatkan informasi ini adalah metode sidik lintas. Karakter yang diamati adalah tinggi batang, jumlah daun, panjang rachis, panjang dan lebar petiol, panjang, lebar, dan jumlah anak daun, serta berat batang, empulur, dan pati. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan mengacu pada metode Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan tahun 2005. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis koefisien korelasinya untuk mengetahui hubungan langsung dan tidak langsung karakter-karakter vegetatif dengan berat  tepung  sebagai  komponen  hasil.  Perhitungan  koefisien  lintas mengacu pada metode matriks oleh Singh dan Chaudari. Hasil yang diperoleh   menunjukkan   terdapat   enam   karakter   yang   berpengaruh langsung terhadap berat tepung dan dapat dijadikan seleksi peningkatan produksi pati sagu baruq di Tabukan Tengah. Sementara itu, di Manganitu, terdapat sembilan karakter yang dapat dijadikan sebagai kriteria seleksi untuk perbaikan tanaman. Selain pengaruh langsung, dihasilkan juga 12 pengaruh tidak langsung yang dapat dipertimbangkan sebagai kriteria seleksi populasi sagu baruq di Tabukan Tengah dan 10 pengaruh tidak langsung untuk Manganitu.Kata kunci:  Arenga macrocarpha,  hubungan, karakter vegetatif, produksi pati   Relationship Between Vegetative Characters an d SagoBaruq Starch Production From Sangihe District ABSTRACT Baruq sagu is an important source of carbohydrate from the stem, constrain in cultivation was difficulty in selecting high yield plants. The experiment   was   conducted   at   the   District   Tabukan   Tengah   and Manganitu Sangihe Regency, North Sulawesi in May 2012. The purpose of this study was to obtain genetic information for germplasm of sago Baruq,  especially  to  determine  the  correlation  between  vegetative characters  and the production of starch, which  later can be used as the selection of mother palms. One of the tools that can be used to obtain this  information was the method of path analysis. Research methods used  was direct observation in the field. The number of plants observed for  each  site 1 0    trees,  which  were  randomly  selected.  Characters observed were plant height, number of leaves, rachis length, length of petiol, petiol width, length of the leaf,  width of  leaf,  number of leaves, stems weight, pith weight, and weight of starch. The collected data were analyzed  to  determine  the  direct  and  indirect  relationship  between vegetative characters and weight of starch using path analysis. The result showed  that 10  vegetative  characters  of  Baruq  sago  population  in Tabukan  Tengah   District,  Sangihe  regency  produced  six  characters directly influence the character of the starch weight and can be used as selection   criteria   to   increasing   production   of   baruq   sago   starch. Meanwhile, in District Manganitu 9 characters can be used as selection criteria for crop  improvement. In  addition to the direct  effects, 12 indirect effects can be considered as a selection criteria for sago baruq population in District Tabukan Tengah and 10 indirect effects for the population baruq sago in the District Manganitu. Keywords:   Arenga  macrocarpha ,  relationships,  vegetative  character,       starch production
USE OF ANTIOXIDANT TO INHIBIT BROWNING ON WHITE PEPPER DECORTICATING PROCESS NURDJANNAH, NANAN
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 11, No 2 (2005): JUNI 2005
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v11n2.2005.78-84

Abstract

ABSTRACTWhite pepper is an important export commodity for Indonesia, until2003 about 70 percent of word demand of white pepper was supplied byIndonesia, but it dropped to about 40 percent in 2004. White pepperprocessing is still done at farm level using a very modest method. Theprocess consists of soaking the berries for seven to twelve days, followedby pepper skin separation and drying the pepper corn for three to five days.The product is often contaminated by undesirable microorganism, and alsounpleasant odor which is caused by improper method and limited cleanwater for soaking process. Researh Institute for Spice and Medicinal Cropsunder Agriculture Department has designed and constructed the pepperthresher and decorticating machine to improve the product quality andprocess efficiency. Those machines could produce the hygienic whitepepper with high essential oil content, however it has brownish white colorcaused by browning process during decorticating process. The consumerused to white pepper with creamy white in color. The antioxidants, malicand tartaric acids were applied to prevent the browning process. Thetreatment consisted of three factors, i.e.: kind of antioxidant (malic andtartaric acid), antioxidant consentration (1.5, 2,0 and 2,5 percent) andsoaking period (1, 2 and 3 hrs). The experiment was arranged inCompletely Randomized Design with two replications. The result showedthat both acids could be used as antioxidant to inhibit browning in peppermechanical decorticating process. The colour of white pepper produce wascreamy white similar to the one produced by traditional method. Theoptimum treatment was malic acid with 2.5 percent concentration and 2hours soaking period.Key words : Pepper, Piper nigrum L., processing, traditional, mechanical,antioxidan, white pepperABSTRAKPenggunaan antioksidan untuk mencegah proses pen-cokelatan pada proses pengupasan kulit ladaLada putih adalah salah satu komoditas ekspor penting bagiIndonesia, dimana sampai tahun 2003 kurang lebih 70 persen kebutuhandunia dipenuhi oleh Indonesia. Namun pada tahun 2004 jumlah tersebutturun drastis menjadi kurang lebih 40 persen. Pengolahan lada putih masihdilakukan di tingkat petani dengan peralatan yang sangat sederhana yangprosesnya terdiri dari perendaman selama tujuh sampai duabelas hari,diikuti dengan pemisahan kulit dan pengeringan biji lada selama tigasampai lima hari. Lada putih yang dihasilkan sering terkontaminasi olehmikroorganisme yang tidak diinginkan dan juga mempunyai bau busukakibat dari metode yang kurang baik dan keterbatasan air bersih. BalaiPenelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat telah berhasil merancang bangunalat perontok dan pengupas lada untuk meningkatkan mutu lada danefisiensi prosesnya. Dengan mesin tersebut dapat diproduksi lada putihhigienis dengan kadar minyak atsiri yang tinggi, namun warnanyakecokelatan yang disebabkan karena proses pencokelatan yang terjadiselama proses pengupasan kulit. Sedangkan konsumen biasa dengan warnayang putih kekuningan. Penggunaan antioksidan (asam malat dan tartrat)untuk mencegah proses pencokelatan tersebut telah dicobakan. Perlakuanterdiri dari : jenis antioksidan (asam malat dan tartrat), konsentrasiantioksidan ( 1,5; 2,0 dan 2,5 persen) serta lama perendaman (1, 2 dan 3jam). Percobaan dirancang secara acak lengkap dengan ulangan dua kali.Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa asam malat dan asam tartrat dapatdigunakan untuk mencegah proses pencokelatan pada proses pengupasankulit lada dengan mesin. Warna dari lada putih yang dihasilkan putihkekuningan sama dengan yang dihasilkan dengan cara tradisional(perendaman). Perlakuan terbaik adalah penggunaan asam malat padakonsentrasi 2,5 persen dengan waktu perendaman dua jam.Kata kunci : Lada, Piper nigrum L., prosesing, tradisional, mekanik,antioksidan, lada putih
PENGARUH KEPADATAN TERNA DAN LAMA PENYULINGAN TERHADAP RENDEMEN DAN KARAKTERISTIK MINYAK Melaleuca bracteata NURDJANNAH, NANAN
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 7, No 4 (2001): Desember, 2001
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v7n4.2001.124-127

Abstract

The influence of material bulk density and duration of distillation on the yi eld and characteristic of Melaleuca bracteata oilMelaleuca bracteata belongs to Myrtaceae family which is grown wildly in Australia and Quensland. The oil is produced from Ihe leaves and (wigs by distillation and is used in fragrances industry. The oil content of leaves and twigs range between 0.4 to 1.0% with metil eugenol as the major component (70-80%). Because of its high metil eugenol content M. bracteata oil can be used to control fruil flies The experiment was carried out to evaluate the influence of material bulk density in the distillation vessel and duration of distillation on the yield and charac¬ teristic of the oil produced. Material used was (he leaves and twigs of M bracteata from the experimental garden of the Research Institute for Spice and Medicinal Crops. Manoko, Lembang (1200 in above the sea level). The experiment at 1993 was designed as completely randomized design, arranged factorially with three replications. The result showed that the optimum distillation condition was 1 56 g/l material bulk density in the vessel and 3 hours distillation. Such distillation condition produced 1.09 % oil yield with (he characteristics as follow speciic gravity I 0263, refractive index 1 5296, optical rotation -3.3°, solubility in 70% cthanol 1 : 1, methyl eugenol content 86.1%, acid number 0.56, ester number 15.4 and ester number after acetylation 39.3. Referring to Australia oil, the Indonesian M bracteata oil has higher value of esther number both before and after acetylation.
PENGUPASAN KULIT BUAH LADA DENGAN ENZIM PEKTINASE USMIATI, SRI; NURDJANNAH, NANAN
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 12, No 2 (2006): JUNI 2006
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v12n2.2006.80-86

Abstract

ABSTRAKTahap perendaman dalam pengolahan lada putih secara tradisionalyang biasa memakan waktu lebih dari 8 hari sangat mempengaruhi kualitaslada putih yang dihasilkan. Proses perendaman yang lama dapatmenyebabkan produk berbau busuk dan kemungkinan kontaminasi olehmikroba yang tidak dikehendaki menjadi lebih besar. Dengan demikianproses perendaman perlu dipercepat tetapi kulit buah lada tetap menjadilunak dan mudah dikupas. Salah satu kemungkinannya adalah denganproses enzimatis menggunakan pektinase. Telah ada cara pengolahan ladaputih secara masinal yang dapat meningkatkan mutu lada, namun cara iniperlu perlakuan pelunakan kulit buah lada sebelum pengupasan untukmeningkatkan kapasitasnya. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahuikemungkinan penggunaan pektinasi untuk melunakkan kulit buah lada danmutu lada putih yang dihasilkannya. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulanAgustus 2005 di Laboratorium Proses Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengem-bangan Pascapanen Pertanian. Penelitian dirancang menggunakan ran-cangan acak lengkap (RAL) pola faktorial 2 x 2 dengan ulangan 4 kali.Faktor perlakuan terdiri atas: (i) pemberian pektinase (A) yaitu A1 (1%)dan A2 (2%); dan (ii) pemberian asam sitrat (B) yaitu B1 (0%) dan B2(2%). Parameter yang diukur meliputi nilai total mikroba/TPC (Total PlateCount) (CFU/ml), rendemen (%), warna yang dinyatakan dalam derajatkecerahan, kemerahan dan kebiruan, kadar minyak atsiri dan air (%). Hasilpenelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian enzim pektinase dapat memper-pendek waktu perendaman sebelum pengupasan menjadi 24 jam dan ladaputih yang diberi perlakuan pektinase 1% dan asam sitrat 2% mempunyaiwarna yang relatif sama dengan yang dihasilkan dengan cara perendamanbiasa/tradisional dengan nilai TPC yang jauh lebih rendah. Hal inimenunjukkan adanya kemungkinan perlakuan dengan pektinase ini dipakaisebagai perlakuan pendahuluan dalam pengupasan lada secara masinal. Disamping itu pemberian pektinase dapat dipertimbangkan untuk memper-cepat proses perendaman dalam proses pengolahan lada putih secaratradisional.Kata kunci: Piper nigrum L., lada putih, mikroba, pektinase, asam sitratABSTRACTPepper skin decorticating process using pectinase enzymeSoaking process as a part of traditional white pepper processingwhich is usually done for more than 8 days influence the quality of whitepepper produced. Long soaking process could produce bad odour andincrease  the  possibility  to  be  contaminated  with  undesirablemicroorganism. For that reason the soaking process duration should beshortened but still could make the pepper skin to be soft enough to bepeeled. Enzimatic process using pectinase enzyme is one of methodswhich can be used. The mechanical process to improve the quality ofwhite pepper is available, but to increase its capacity the softening pepperskin process is needed. The aim of this study was to find out the possibilityof using pectinase to softening the pepper skin in white pepper processingand the quality of white pepper produced. The study was designed asCompletely Randomized Design (CRD) factorially 2x2 with 4 replications.Treatments consisted of: (i) pectinase (A): A1 (1%) and A2 (2%), and (ii)citric acid: B1 (0%) and B2 (2%). Parameters observed were total platecount (CFU/ml), yield (%), colour which was stated as degree of lightness,redness and bluish, essential oil concentration (%) and moisture content(%). The result showed that the use of pectinase could decrease thesoaking period to 24 hours. The colour value of white pepper producedwith 1% pectinase and 2% citric acid treatments was relatively the samewith the one produced by traditional method, with much TPC value. Basedon the above result, pectinase could be consider to be applied in traditionalmethod to decrease the soaking process and it could also use to softenedthe pepper skin before mechanical decorticating process.Key words: Piper nigrum L., white pepper, microbes, pectinase enzyme,citric acid
KERAGAMAN GENETIK PLASMA NUTFAH PINANG (Areca catechu L.) DI PROPINSI GORONTALO MASKROMO, ISMAIL; MIFTAHORRACHMAN, .
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 13, No 4 (2007): DESEMBER 2007
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v13n4.2007.119-124

Abstract

Pinang merupakan salah satu tanaman palma yang terdapat hampir di seluruh wilayah Indonesia, terutama Pulau Sumatera. Di luar Sumatera, salah satu wilayah yang memiliki potensi tanaman pinang adalah Propinsi Gorontalo, Sulawesi. Wilayah provinsi ini memiliki potensi plasma nutfah pinang yang belum diidentifikasi keragaman genetiknya. Eksplorasi dilakukan untuk mengetahui potensi keragaman genetik plasma nutfah pinang sebagai dasar informasi pengembangan di wilayah Gorontalo untuk masa mendatang, dan mengumpulkan plasma nutfah pinang yang terdapat di beberapa daerah di Gorontalo. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode survei dengan lokasi contoh dipilih secara sengaja berdasarkan informasi dari Dinas Perkebunan dan masyarakat petani. Eksplorasi dilakukan di Kabupaten Gorontalo, Pohuwato dan Bone Bolango. Hasil eksplorasi diperoleh 6 (enam) aksesi pinang yaitu aksesi Duhia Da’a dari Marisa, Kabupaten Pohuwato, Tingkohubu I dan Tingkohubu II asal Suwawa, Kabupaten Bone Bolango dan Huntu I, Huntu II, dan Huntu III dari Batudaa, Kabupaten Gorontalo, yang memiliki keragaman dalam ukuran dan bentuk buah, dengan jarak genetik yang jauh. Aksesi yang berpotensi produksi tinggi adalah Duhia Da'a, Tingkohubu I dan Tingkohubu II, sedangkan aksesi untuk bahan pelengkap dalam kegiatan budaya dan upacara adat adalah Tingkohubu II.Kata kunci : Pinang, Areca catechu L., keragaman genetik, plasma nutfah, Gorontalo ABSTRACTGenetic diversity of Arecanut (Areca catechu L.) germplasm in GorontaloArecanut is one of the palm crops found throughout Indonesia, Sumatera Island. Outside Sumatera Island, the crop exist in Gorontalo Province, Sulawesi. The exploration is conducted to observe potency of arecanut germplasm as based information for future development in Gorontalo. The purpose of exploration was to identify genetic diversity and to collect the arecanut in that area. Survey was done at three regency chosen purposively. There were six arecanut accessions identified namely Duhia Da’a from Marisa District, Pohuwato Regency, Tingkohubu I and Tingkohubu II from Suwawa District, Bone Bolango Regency, and Huntu I, Huntu II and Huntu III from Batuda’a District, Gorontalo Regency. They were various in size and shape, and so far for genetic distance. Accesions which have high potency production are Duhia Da'a, Tingkohubu I and of Tingkohubu II, while for the materials of complementary in custom ceremony and culture is Tingkohubu II.Key words : Arecanut, Areca catechu L., genetic diversity, germplasm, Gorontalo
PENGARUH KOMPOSISI PUPUK KS, ZA, DAN UREA, SERTA DOSIS N TERHADAP MUTU TEMBAKAU BESUKI NO SHOLEH, MOCHAMMAD; RACHMAN, ABDUL; MACHFUDZ, MACHFUDZ
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 6, No 3 (2000): Desember, 2000
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v6n3.2000.80-87

Abstract

Effect of KS, AS, and urea Compositions and N-dosages on quality of Besuki cigar tobaccoThe experiment was conducted on loamy soil at Ajung, Jember from June 1999 to March 2000. The objective was to study the effect of Kalk Salpetcr (KS), ammonium sulphates (AS), and urea compositions and N-dosages on quality of Besuki cigar tobacco. The treatment consisted of two factors i.e. fertilizer composition and N dosages. The first factor was 5 levels of fertilizer composition, i.e. KS; KS(50%)+AS (50%); AS; KS(50%)+urea (50%) and uea. The second factor was 3 level of N-dosages, i.e. 60, 90 and 120 kg N/ha. The treatments were arranged in factorially randomized block design with 3 replications. Planting space was double row (100+70) cm x 40 cm wiUi a population of 168 plants per plot. Results showed thai AS or urea as side dressing fertilizer was not significantly different from KS fertilizer on the percentage of warpper (dekblad) and binder (omblad) quality, leaf thickness, and burning capacity. But especially on organolcptic AS or urea as side dressing fertilizer decreased organoleptic quality, i.e. the taste was bitter and irritating, less aromatic, bad smell, ash color changed from white to black, and decreased ash resistance. All of those characteristics were not desirable in cigar factory. Based on organolcptic quality we suggest the following : (I) AS and urea should be used as a starter only not as side dressing fertilizer, (2) KS fertilizer still perform Ihe best result (3) recommended N-dosage was 60 kg N/ha.
POLA PERTUMBUHAN DAN SERAPAN HARA Echinacea purpurea RAHARDJO, MONO; SUDIARTO, SUDIARTO; SMD, ROSITA; SUKARMAN, SUKARMAN
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 7, No 3 (2001): September, 2001
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v7n3.2001.74-83

Abstract

Growth pattern and nutrient uptake of Echinacea purpureaEchinacea purpurea or purple cone flower, belongs lo Aslcraceac family which grown naturally in Noth America. The plant known as is Ihe number one Immune herbs in the world, since it has a greal potential lor improving and developing leukocyte cell activity. Recently, Echinacea has been evalualcd/tcsled as adjuvant in cancer therapy, AIDS and chronic exhaustion. Echinacea purpurea is more potential for immunity improvement lhan those of other herbal medicine. Therefore, the study on its growlh rale, growth pattern, and nutrient uptake in a new tropical environmental condition is very important in order lo suppot its cultivation technology, lo identify the growth pattern, growlh rale, nutrient uptake, and simplisia quality. A ield trial had been conducted in Cipanas at 1 100 m above sea level (asl) in 1999-2000. Plot size was 4x3 m, and plant spacing was 50 x 40 cm. Ten samples was taken from each growth stage of the plants. The growth stages were (I) vegetative I (VI) at I month alter planting (map), (2) vegetative 2 (V2) al 1 .5 map, (3) generative I (Gl) at 2 0 map, (4) generative 2 (G2) at 2.5 map. (5) generative 3 (G3) at 3.0 map. and (6) generative 4 (G4) al 3.5 map. The results of the research showed thai growth rate, nutrient uptake of N, P. K. Mg. and S linearly increased in line with Ihe increase of plan! ages The highest dry weight accumulation was found on aerial part of plant (slem I leal), and the lowest was occurred on root pat. The amount of dry weight accumulation was 75.72 g/plnul. and nutrient uptake oIN, P. K.Ca, Mg, and S. respective!) was 1529.1. 1 40.01. 1943.25, 654.59. 358.66. and 88.57 mg/plant.
PENGARUH PEMUPUKAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI JAMBU METE DI LOMBOK DARAS, USMAN; PITONO, J.
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 12, No 1 (2006): MARET 2006
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v12n1.2006.20-26

Abstract

ABSTRAKPenelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dosis dankomposisi pupuk NPK terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi jambu meteyang ditanam pada tanah regosol cokelat-kelabu di Desa Loloan,Kecamatan Bayan, Lombok Barat, dari tahun 1997 sampai 2000. Faktoryang diuji adalah: (1) komposisi NPK, 2 macam (1:1:1, dan 1:1:2); dan (2)dosis pupuk, 4 taraf (500, 750, 1000 dan 1500 g/pohon/tahun). Perlakuandisusun dalam rancangan acak kelompok dengan 4 ulangan dan ukuranpetak 4 pohon. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tanaman jambu metecukup responsif terhadap pemupukan. Pemberian pupuk menaikkankandungan hara N, P dan K daun. Dosis pupuk yang cukup memadai untukmenunjang pertumbuhan dan produksi jambu mete adalah 500, 750, dan1000 g NPK/pohon/tahun dengan komposisi pupuk NPK 1:1:2, masing-masing untuk umur tanaman 5, 6, dan 7 tahun. Pupuk tersebut diberikandalam 2 kali agihan, yaitu 50% pada awal musim hujan, dan 50% lagimenjelang akhir musim hujan.Kata kunci : Jambu  mete,  Anacardium  occidentale,  pemupukan,pertumbuhan, produksi, Nusa Tenggara BaratABSTRACTEffect of fertilizer application on the growth and yield ofcashew in LombokA field study was conducted on cashew trees grown at grayish-brown regosol soil located at Loloan, Bayan, West Lombok, from 1997 to2000. The objectives of the study were to examine the effect of NPKfertilizer and its composition on growth and yield of cashew. Treatmentsexamined were: (1) composition of NPK (1:1:1, and 1:1:2); and (2)fertilizer dosage (500, 750, 1000 and 1500 g NPK/tree/year). Thetreatments were arranged in a randomized block design with 4 replicationsand plot size of 4 plants. Research results showed that the application offertilizers significantly affected the growth and yield of cashew. Thecontent of N, P and K in cashew leaves improved as the fertilizer dosageincreased. Appropriate amounts of NPK were 500, 750 and 1000 gNPK/tree/year with composition of 1:1:2 for cashew trees of 5, 6 and 7years old, respectively. The fertilizers were applied twice a year (50% inthe beginning of rainy season, and 50% in the end of rainy season).Key words : Cashew, Anacardium occidentale, fertilizer application,growth, yield, West Nusa Tenggara
GALUR HARAPAN TEMBAKAU TEMANGGUNG PRODUKSI TINGGI DAN TAHAN PENYAKIT LINCAT ROCHMAN, FATKHUR; SUWARSO, SUWARSO; A.S. MURDIYATI, A.S. MURDIYATI
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 13, No 2 (2007): JUNI 2007
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v13n2.2007.57-63

Abstract

ABSTRAKMasalah  utama  tembakau  Temanggung  adalah  rendahnyaproduktivitas yang disebabkan oleh mundurnya daya dukung lahan karenaerosi dan endemi penyakit lincat (kompleks nematoda Meloidogyne spp,bakteri Ralstonia solanacearum, dan cendawan Phytophthora nicotianae).Saat ini telah diperoleh enam galur hasil persilangan dari varietas Sindoro1 (moderat tahan terhadap Ralstonia solanacearum tetapi rentan terhadapMeloidogyne spp. dan sangat rentan terhadap Phytophthora nicotianae)dengan tembakau virginia yang tahan terhadap ketiga patogen tersebut.Evaluasi terhadap hasil, indeks mutu, indeks tanaman dan ketahananterhadap ketiga patogen telah dilakukan di 3 lokasi selama tiga tahundengan rancangan acak kelompok tiga ulangan. Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan bahwa ada dua galur harapan yaitu (1) Galur A dengan rata-rata produktivitas : 0,880 ton rajangan kering per ha dan indeks mutu40,28 indeks tanaman 35,47 dan kadar nikotin 5,52%. Produktivitas galurA meningkat 48,08%, indeks mutu meningkat 4,87% dan indeks tanamanmeningkat 53,73% serta kadar nikotin menurun 15,06% dibanding varietasstandar. Galur A memiliki sifat moderat tahan terhadap bakteri Ralstoniasolanacearum dan toleran terhadap nematoda Meloidogyne spp. (2) GalurE dengan rata-rata produktivitas : 0,869 ton rajangan kering per ha, indeksmutu 36,01 indeks tanaman 31,87 dan kadar nikotin 6,00%. Produktivitasgalur E meningkat 46,23%, indeks mutu menurun 6,25% dan indekstanaman meningkat 38,12% serta kadar nikotin menurun 2,56% dibandingvarietas standar. Galur E memiliki sifat moderat tahan terhadap bakteriRalstonia solanacearum dan toleran terhadap nematoda Meloidogyne spp.Kata kunci : Tembakau,  Nicotiana  tabacum,  Temanggung, galurharapan, Ralstonia solanacearum, Meloidogyne spp,Phytophthora nicotianae, lahan lincat, Jawa TimurABSTRACTTemanggung tobacco promising lines with high producti-vity and resistant to lincat diseasedThe main problem in Temanggung tobacco cultivation is lowproductivity which is caused by increasing land erosion and invasion ofendemic disease called ‘lincat’. Lincat is a disease caused by a complexinvasion of three pathogens i.e. Meloidogyne spp. (root-knot nematode),Ralstonia solanacearum (bacteria) and Phytophthora nicotianae (fungus).Hybridization between variety Sindoro 1 (moderately resistant to R.solanacearum but susceptible to Meloidogyne spp. and highly susceptibleto P. nicotianae) and virginia tobacco (resistant to these three pathogens)has resulted in six lines. These lines were planted in three locations for 3years and were evaluated for their yield, grade index, crop index, andresistance intensity to these three pathogens, using randomized blockdesign with 3 replications. Two promising lines were resulted from thisevaluation i.e. (1) Line A, that has productivity of tobacco sliced : 0.880ton per hectare, grade index: 40.28 crop index: 35.47 and nicotine content:5.52%. In comparison to standard variety, the productivity, grade index,and crop index of this line increased of 48.08%, 4.87%, and 53.73%,respectively, and nicotine content decreased of 15.06%. Moreover, thisline is moderately resistant to R. solanacearum and tolerant toMeloidogyne spp. (2) Line E, that has productivity of tobacco sliced:0.869 ton per hectare, grade index: 36.01 crop index: 31.87 and nicotinecontent: 6.00%. This line also has increase productivity, and crop index of46.23% 38.12%, respectively, and has decrease grade index and nicotinecontent of 6.25% and 2.56%, respectively compared to standard variety.This line is moderately resistant to R. solanacearum and tolerant toMeloidogyne spp.Key words : Tobacco, Nicotiana tabacum, Temanggung, promising line,Ralstonia solanacearum, Meloidogyne spp., Phytophthoranicotianae, lincat land, East Jav

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