cover
Article Per Year (5 Year)
All
Home Page
OAI Link
Editorial Team
Contact
Reviewer
Google Scholar
Contact Name
Adhitya Yudha Pradhana
Contact Email
buletinpalma@gmail.com
Phone
+62431-812430
Journal Mail Official
buletinpalma@gmail.com
Editorial Address
Jalan Raya Mapanget, Manado 95001
Location
Kota bogor,
Jawa barat
INDONESIA
Buletin Palma
Published by Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan
ISSN : 1979679X     EISSN : 25287141     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Buletin Palma memuat artikel hasil-hasil penelitian kelapa dan palma lainnya. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS Bulletin of Palma is a peer-reviewed and open access journal that publishes significant and important research finding on coconut and other palm research results. SCOPE Scope of Bulletin of Palma are: 1. Scope of science: Agricultural Microbiology, Agricultural Socio-Economics, Agronomy, Bioetechnology, Plant Breeding, Plant pathology, Plant Protection, Plant Physiology, Soil Science, Seed Technology, Primary Post Harvest, Climate science, Genetic resources, Entomology,Farming system, Environment, Agricultural extension 2. Scope of commodities : spice, medicinal, aromatic and industrial crops The journal publishes Indonesian or English articles.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 220 Documents
 18   19   20   21   22 
Destilasi-Dehidrasi Bioetanol dari Nira Aren dan Karakteristiknya A. LAY; P. M. PASANG; TEUKU A. IQBAL
Buletin Palma No 39 (2010): Desember, 2010
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/bp.v0n39.2010.197-205

Abstract

Destilation-Dehidration of Bioethanol from Sugar Palm Sap and its CharacteristicsThe experiment was conducted in Engineering Repair of Indonesia Coconut and Other Palmae Research Institute, during August to December 2009. The research used observation methods of destilllation and dehydration process of bioethanol. Treatments consisted of condition of raw material of ethanol with varying characteristics. Twenty five samples were analyzed in this study. Destillation and dehydration process of bioethanol was used continuous system. Observation included the characteristics of distillation temperature, characteristics of bioetanol before and after processing, and material balance of bioetahnol. Analysis of data using multiple regression with OLS (Ordinary leas squares) method. The results showed that characteristics of bioethanol with high ethanol content, contain high sugar content and neutral acidity solution. Where as the low ethanol content , contain low sugar levels and high acidity solution. In the distillation-dehydration process of bioethanol with temprature controlled will increase the ethanol content, sugar content and pH of bioethanol. Bioethanol with 95-96 % ethanol content, sugar content of 18.0 to 18.5 % and pH 7.0-7.38. Bioethanol with contont 30.0 to 35.0, destlled and sehydrated could produce beoethnol content of 95.0-96.0 as much as 29.1 %.
Desain dan Kinerja Mesin Pencungkil Tempurung Kelapa Model Baristand Manado [Design and Performance of Coconut Desheller Machine Baristand Manado Model] Nicolas Tumbel; Supardi Manurung; Ardi K Makalalag
Buletin Palma Vol 20, No 1 (2019): Juni 2019
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/bp.v20n1.2019.27-34

Abstract

The manual shelling process was felt to be inefficient. Therefore, it was necessary to improve the mechanical process by making a coconut desheller machine. The purpose of this study was to design a coconut desheller machine that can produce clean coconut meat. The study was conducted in 2016 in the workshop of the Manado Industrial Research and Standardization Center and a trial at the PT. Royal Coconut, Airmadidi, North Minahasa. The design of the machine was based on the process of manually removing using machetes or kelewang. After the design was complete, a performance test of coconut shell removal was carried out with three replications. Observations consisted of: machine capacity and coconut quality (cleanliness of coconut shells and broken coconut). The data obtained were analyzed descriptively. The coconut desheller machine that was designed has components such as flywheel discs, oversized knives, drive motors, reducers and frame/tool holders. Flywheel consists of 64 pieces of chisel with a 26 degree slope. The distance between the Flywheel and the kelewang knife was 1.5 cm. Overall, the machine tool produced has a length of 70 cm, width 70 cm and height 115 cm, made of stainless steel (SS), iron plate and iron elbow. Based on the results of the trial, the machine has an average capacity of 78 coconuts in 10 minutes, 264 coconuts in 30 minutes, and 663 coconuts in 60 minutes. The broken coconut produced is around 3,4-3,8%. There was already a coconut desheller machine, but a large investment was needed for the installation due to the unavailability of a local coconut desheller machine. So that only large coconut flour industries can use coconut desheller machines. This Baristand Manado coconut desheller model machine can be a solution and can be used by middle industry groups, especially the dry grated coconut industry (coconut flour) or Small and Medium Enterprises.ABSTRAKProses pencungkilan tempurung secara manual dirasakan kurang efisien. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan perbaikan proses mekanis yaitu dengan membuat mesin pencungkil tempurung kelapa. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendesain mesin pencungkil tempurung kelapa yang dapat menghasilkan daging kelapa yang bersih. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada tahun 2016 di bengkel Balai Riset dan Standardisasi Industri Manado serta uji coba di pabrik PT. Royal Coconut, Airmadidi, Minahasa Utara. Desain alat didasarkan pada proses pencungkilan secara manual memakai parang atau kelewang. Setelah rancang bangun selesai, maka dilakukan uji kinerja pencungkilan tempurung kelapa dengan tiga kali ulangan.  Pengamatan terdiri dari: kapasitas mesin dan kualitas kelapa (kebersihan cangkang kelapa dan kelapa pecah). Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif. Mesin pencungkil tempurung kelapa yang dirancang memiliki komponen yaitu piringan roda gila atau Flywheel, pisau kelewang, motor penggerak, reducer dan rangka/dudukan alat. Flywheel terdiri dari mata pahat berjumlah 64 buah dengan sudut kemiringan 26 derajat. Jarak antara Flywheel dengan pisau kelewang adalah 1,5 cm. Secara keseluruhan, alat mesin yang dihasilkan memiliki ukuran panjang 70 cm, lebar 70 cm dan tinggi 115 cm, terbuat dari bahan stainless steel (ss), plat besi dan besi siku. Berdasarkan hasil ujicoba, mesin memiliki kapasitas rata-rata 78 kelapa dalam 10 menit, 264 kelapa dalam 30 menit, dan 663 kelapa dalam 60 menit. Kelapa pecah yang dihasilkan sekitar 3,4-3,8%. Alat mesin pencungkil tempurung kelapa memang sudah ada, tetapi dibutuhkan investasi yang besar untuk instalasi dikarenakan belum tersedianya alat mesin pencungkil kelapa secara lokal. Sehingga hanya industri-industri tepung kelapa besar yang bisa menggunakan mesin pencungkil tempurung kelapa. Alat mesin pencungkil tempurung kelapa model Baristand Manado ini bisa menjadi solusi dan dapat digunakan oleh kelompok industri menengah khususnya industri kelapa parut kering (tepung kelapa) atau Usaha Kecil Menengah.
Kelayakan Usahatani Tomat Diantara Pertanaman Kelapa JANTJE G. KINDANGEN; PAYUNG LAYUK
Buletin Palma Vol 16, No 1 (2015): Juni, 2015
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/bp.v16n1.2015.115-127

Abstract

ABSTRAK Areal di antara tanaman kelapa di Kabupaten Sangihe mulai ikembangkan tanaman tomat sebagai tanaman sela untuk  menunjang peningkatan pendapatan petani dan untuk penyedia produk tomat bagi kebutuhan daerah yang sebelumnya  dipasok dari luar daerah. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui (a) sistem pengelolaan usahatani tomat di antara  kelapa, (b) mengetahui kelayakan usahatani tomat di antara kelapa, (c) langkah strategis pengembangan usahatani tomat secara berkelanjutan. Penelitian menggunakan metode survai pada 30 petani tomat  yang dipilih secara acak sederhana. Analisis  data secara deskriptif, pendapatan usahatani, kelayakan usahatani, imbalan riel tenaga kerja, dan  langkah strategis pengembangannya dimasa yang akan datang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pengelolaan usahatani  tomat pada areal tanaman kelapa lebih dominan diusahakan secara  semi intensif dengan luas garapan 0,15-0,3 ha. Pengusahaan tomat pada areal tanaman kelapa diperoleh pendapatan bersih sebesar Rp10.690.000 (0,3 ha) untuk usaha  semi intensif dan Rp14.840.000 (0,2 ha) untuk usaha intensif dengan nilai R/C dan B/C rasio masing 4,36 dan 3,36 serta  4,46 dan 3,46. Imbalan riel tenaga kerja masing-masing sebesar Rp141.951 dan Rp193.636.  Strategi pengembangan  kedepan usahatani tomat pada areal tanaman kelapa secara bertahap mulai diarahkan  pada pengelolaan usahatani  secara berkelanjutan, yang dapat memanfaatkan bahan lokal sebagai bahan baku pembuatan pupuk organik dan  pestisida organik. Penyelenggaran usahatani tomat pada areal tanaman kelapa perlu penataan kelompok tani dalam  pengelolaan  luas usahatani melalui penanaman 2 kali  secara bergilir antara wilayah yang mengacu pada kebutuhan pasar.Kata kunci: Usahatani, tanaman sela, kelapa, tomat, kelayakan usaha.  The Feasibility of Tomatoes Farm among Coconut Plants and Its Developing Strategy (Case Study in Sangihe Archipelago, North Sulawesi)ABSTRACT Tomatoes crop had been planted among the coconut farm as catch crop in Sangihe regency. The aim of the this research  was to know  (a) the management system of tomatoes plant among coconut , (b) financial worthiness of tomatoes farm in  coconut plantation, and (c)  the strategic steps of tomatoes farming management which was done continually. Survey  method was used in this research to 30  tomatoes farmers, by using simplerandom system  samples. Data analysis  was  done descriptively,  farming  income,  farm labour income, farm properness, real repayment of the labourers, and  strategic steps of its future development. That result showed that tomatoes farm in coconut  plant areal was only done  in  small area which was possible to plant tomatoes in an upright cluster of  coconut plants was much more dominan (60%)  if it was done semi intensively and the rest was done intensively in the area 0,15 - 0,3 ha. The tomatoes exertion in coconut plant area, gained net income  in the amount  of Rp10,690,000 (0.3 ha) for semi intensive effort and Rp 14,840,000  (0,2 ha) for intensive effort  by means of R/C and B/C ratio of each  area 4.36 dan 3.36 and 4.46 dan 3.46. The  Real  repayment of labourer is Rp141,951 and Rp193,636. The development strategy in the coming years  of tomatoes farm in  coconut farm areal, done in stages and begin to be directed to farming management conducted continually.  This effort used local materials as basic material of organic fertilizer and organic pesticide production and also can be conducted as  livestock effort. The implementation of tomatoes farm in the coconut areal need to organize farmers group to carryout the commodious of farming through 2 times planting between regions and based on market necessity.Keywords: Farming, intercropping, coconut, tomatoes, effort feasibility.
Pengaruh Kematangan Buah dan Pengupasan Sabut Terhadap Kecepatan Kecambah, Daya Kecambah dan Vigor Bibit Pinang MIFTAHORRACHMAN, MIFTAHORRACHMAN; IQBAL, TEUKU A.
Buletin Palma No 36 (2009): Juni, 2009
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/bp.v0n36.2009.83-90

Abstract

Effect of Fruit Maturity and Unhusked Treatment to Rate of Germination, Viability and Vigor of Arecanut SeedlingEffect of seed maturity and seed peeling to viability, germination rate and vigor of arecanut seedlings was assessed in May to July 2008 using arecanut ex situ collection of Kayuwatu Experimental Garden. Research was conducted in factorial experiment 3 x 2 x 4 by using randomized block design. Each treatment consists of four replications and each replication consists of 15 seeds. The results showed that seed maturity and seed peeling gives siqnificant effect on germination rate, viability, and seedlings vigor. Nine-month-old seeds without husks has the fastest germination rate (24.73 days) than other combination treatments. Eleven month old seeds without husks has the highest viability (90.00%). Twelve month old seeds either whole nut or without husk gave the highest seedling vigor.
RESPON MORFOFISIOLOGI PADI VARIETAS SULUTAN DAN RINDANG 1 PADA FASE VEGETATIF DI BAWAH NAUNGAN POHON KELAPA Karina P. Tumoka; Yulianus R. Matana; Johanis J. Pelealu; Nio Song Ai
Buletin Palma Vol 22, No 2 (2021): December 2021
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/bp.v22n2.2021.95-106

Abstract

Padi merupakan makanan pokok sebagian besar penduduk di Indonesia. Lahan perkebunan kelapa dapat dievaluasi sebagai lahan alternatif selain beberapa lahan yang umum dimanfaatkan untuk penanaman padi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji respon morfologi dan fisiologi padi Sulutan dan Rindang 1 terhadap naungan pohon kelapa dengan pola tanam segitiga dan jarak tanam 9 m x 9 m berdasarkan tinggi tanaman, luas daun, biomassa tanaman dan kandungan klorofil. Desain penelitian faktorial ini adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan dua perlakuan yaitu kontrol (tanpa naungan) dan naungan di bawah pohon kelapa dengan jarak tanam 9 m x 9 m dan pola tanam segitiga dan menggunakan dua varietas padi yakni Sulutan dan Rindang 1 dengan lima ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tinggi tanaman padi Rindang 1 lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan Sulutan pada hari ke-2 sampai 14 dan tinggi tanaman padi pada perlakuan naungan lebih besar daripada tanpa naungan pada hari ke-8 sampai 14. Luas daun, berat basah dan berat kering akar serta volume akar tanaman yang diberi perlakuan naungan lebih tinggi (p < 0,05) daripada tanaman tanpa naungan pada hari ke-14. Berat basah daun Rindang 1 lebih besar daripada Sulutan pada hari ke-7. Volume akar tertinggi pada padi Sulutan dengan naungan tetapi tidak berbeda nyata dengan Rindang tanpa naungan pada hari ke-7. Di antara karakter morfologi dan fisiologi yang diamati, tinggi tanaman, luas daun, berat basah dan berat kering akar serta volume akar potensial sebagai indikator adanya cekaman naungan pada padi
Sistem Penyerbukan Kelapa Genjah Salak (Cocos nucifera L.) MIFTAHORRACHMAN, MIFTAHORRACHMAN
Buletin Palma No 39 (2010): Desember, 2010
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/bp.v0n39.2010.111-118

Abstract

Pollination System of Salak Dwarf Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.)The research was conducted to know pollination system of Salak Dwarf coconut that could be applied on breeding program of Salak Dwarf. Four treatments had tested on twenty-nine old Salak Dwarf population at Kima Atas Experimental Garden, Manado, North Sulawesi. The treatments tested are: (A) inflorescence has bagged without emasculating male flowers; (B) inflorescence has bagged with emasculating male flowers; (C) withouth bagging of inflorescence with emasculating male flowers; (D) control, without bagging of inflorescence and without emasculating male flowers. Difference of the treatments were analyzed by analysis of variance and Honestly Significant Difference test (HSD). The result showed that treatments of A and B significant different with C and D, while C and D have no difference. Observation of two-month fruit set showed that the treatment of B has smallest percentage of fruit set (2.48%). It means that pollination system of Salak Dwarf tend to out cross.
Karakteristik Tanaman Muda Plasma Nutfah Kelapa Sawit Asal Kamerun PANDIN, DONATA S.; MATANA, YULIANUS R.
Buletin Palma Vol 16, No 1 (2015): Juni, 2015
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/bp.v16n1.2015.8-22

Abstract

ABSTRAK Penelitian dilakukan dari bulan Januari 2012 sampai dengan Agustus 2014, di Kebun Percobaan Sitiung, Kabupaten  Dharmasraya, Provinsi  Sumatera Barat. Bahan tanaman yang digunakan adalah plasma nutfah kelapa sawit asal  Kamerun sebanyak 99 aksesi, yang ditanam dalam blok tunggal dengan sistem baris tanpa ulangan pada Desember  2011. Setiap aksesi terdiri atas 5 - 10 tanaman sehingga seluruh tanaman berjumlah 959 tanaman. Hasil pengamatan  menunjukkan bahwa hampir semua koleksi asal Kamerun, memiliki posisi anak daun selang-seling, berwarna hijau tua,  permukaan daun mengkilap, dan pelepah daun berduri. Karakter vegetatif meliputi tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun hijau,  jumlah anak daun, dan panjang anak daun pada tipe Dura maupun Tenera, relatif seragam terlihat dari nilai koefisien  keragaman <20%. Karakter generatif meliputi jumlah tandan jantan, tandan betina dan berat tandan buah pasir segar  pada tipe Dura sangat beragam, sedangkan pada tipe Tenera karakter jumlah tandan betina dan berat tandan buah pasir  segar relatif seragam kecuali pada karakter jumlah tandan jantan sangat beragam. Lebih dari 90% koleksi plasma nutfah  kelapa sawit asal Kamerun telah berbuah pasir, dan ditemukan 35 tanaman yang memiliki berat > 4.000 g/tandan pada  umur 2,5 tahun setelah tanam. Dari 35 tanaman tersebut terdapat 34 tanaman merupakan tipe  Dura dan 1 tanaman tipe  Tenera. Aksesi CMR002D/3 memiliki berat tertinggi (9.500 g), disusul berturut-turut oleh CMR021D/9 (5.200 g),  CMR091D/4 (5.100 g), CMR021D/6 dan CMR059D/9 (5.000 g). Selain itu, tipe Tenera yaitu CMR023T/3 memiliki berat  tandan buah pasir segar 4200 g. Berdasarkan urutan berat tandan buah pasir segar tertinggi, maka tipe Tenera menem pati urutan ke 26. Ditemukan pula beberapa aksesi dari koleksi asal Kamerun merupakan tipe Virescen, dan mayoritas bertipe Nigrescen.Kata kunci : Elaeis guineensis Jacq, kelapa sawit, Kamerun, plasma nutfah, karakterisasi, morfologi, Dura, Tenera. Early Characteristic of Oilpalm Germplasm From Cameroon  ABSTRACT The study was conducted from January 2012 until August 2014, at Sitiung experimental Garden, Dharmasraya Regency,  West Sumatra Province. The plant material been used were oilpalm germplasm from Cameroon as much as 99  accessions, which planted in a single block with the line system without repetition in December 2011. Each accession  consists of 5-10 plants so that the whole plant amounted to 959 plants. Observations showed that almost all collections  from Cameroon had leaflet position were alternating leaves, dark green, glossy leaf surface, and spiny leaf midrib.  Vegetative characteristics such as plant height, number of green leaves, number of leaflet and the length of leaflets on the  type of Dura and Tenera, Similar, seen from diversity coeffisient values <20%. Generative characteristics included the  number of bunches of male, female and weight of fresh bunches were very various on types of Dura. While on Tenera  type,  character number of female bunches and the weight of fresh fruit bunches  is relatively similar except the number  of male bunches character is high diversity. More than 90% of germplasm collection of oil palm from Cameroon has been  fruiting. From 959 plants collection, found 35 plants that have weight > 4000 g/bunch at the age of 2.5 years after  planting. Of the 35 such plants are 34 plants is a type of Dura and only one plant of Tenera type. Accession CMR002D/3  has the highest weight (9500 g), followed successively by CMR021D/9 (5200 g), CMR091D/4 (5100 g), CMR021D/6 and  CMR059D/9 (5000 g). While Tenera type namely CMR023T/3 have weight of fresh bunches 4200 g. Based on the the  order of highest weight of fresh fruit bunches, the Tenera type ranks to 26. There were also several accessions of the collection from Cameroon is a Virescen type, and the majority of the collection is Nigrescen type.Keywords: Elaeis guineensis Jacq, palm oil, Cameroon, germplasm, characterization, morphology, Dura, Tenera.
Adopsi Teknologi Budidaya Kelapa pada Populasi Terserang Hama Sexava di Kabupaten Kepulauan Talaud TORAR, DANIEL J.
Buletin Palma No 37 (2009): Desember, 2009
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/bp.v0n37.2009.174-184

Abstract

Adoption of Coconut Cultivation Technology on Attacked SexavaPopulation in Talaud Island RegencyThis research was conducted by survey method with descriptive-correlational approach. The research was conducted in Kabaruan and Beo Sub District in Talaud Island Regency. Total of two villages were chosen randomly in each Sub District. In each village, 30 farmers were chosen randomly as respondents, making total of 120 farmers.The result showed that the adoption level of technology of coconut cultivated in Talaud Island Regency could be divided in to three categories, low level (35.83%), moderate (50.83%), and high level of adoption (13.33%).
Skrining Marka SSR Untuk Analisis Diversitas Genetik Aksesi Kelapa Sawit TASMA, I MADE
Buletin Palma Vol 15, No 1 (2014): Juni, 2014
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/bp.v15n1.2014.1-13

Abstract

Analisis diversitas genetik memfasilitasi pemilihan tetua untuk program pemuliaan kelapa sawit. Penggunaan marka SSR meningkatkan akurasi dan kecepatan analisis filogenetik aksesi kelapa sawit. Sebagai penanda genetik, marka SSR memiliki keunggulan dibandingkan marka DNA lainnya (AFLP, RAPD, dan RFLP) karena marka SSR polimorfisme alelnya tinggi, bersifat kodominan, berdistribusi hampir merata pada genom, ekonomis dalam pengujiannya, dan mampu mendeteksi keragaman genetik aksesi dengan tingkat kekerabatan dekat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk (1) mendapatkan marka SSR yang dapat digunakan untuk analisis diversitas genetik aksesi-aksesi kelapa sawit; (2) menguji marka SSR terpilih untuk uji diversitas genetik dalam aksesi (intra accession), antar aksesi (inter accessions), dan antar species (inter species) kelapa sawit menggunakan marka mikrosatelit terpilih. Sebanyak 39 marka SSR diuji pada empat genotipe kelapa sawit. Pola pita marka SSR diskor dan tingkat polimorfisme marka dihitung. Marka SSR dipilih berdasarkan tingkat polimorfime, pola pita, frekuensi dan ukuran alel terdeteksi, dan penyebarannya pada kromosom kelapa sawit. Sepuluh individu tanaman anggota aksesi C103-T (aksesi Tenera asal Kamerun) dan 9 anggota aksesi E. oleifera (Eo) asal Amerika Selatan dan 7 aksesi E. guineensis (Eg) diuji menggunakan 20 marka SSR terpilih. Dendogram kekerabatan dibuat dengan metode Unweighted Pair Group Method Arithmetic (UPGMA) menggunakan software NTSYS (Numerical Taxonomy and Multivariate Analysis System) versi 2.1-pc. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 39 marka SSR memiliki tingkat polimorfisme 75% (berkisar 32-92%), jumlah alel 5,97 (2-14) dengan ukuran alel 119-330 bp. Berdasar tingkat polimorfisme, frekuensi dan ukuran alel dan pola pita tersebut, serta distribusinya yang menyebar merata pada kromosom kelapa sawit, terpilih 20 marka SSR untuk diuji selanjutnya. Marka SSR terpilih ini diuji kemanfaatannya untuk analisis keragaman genetik anggota individu dalam aksesi, individu antar aksesi dalam satu species Eo atau Eg, dan antar species Eo dan Eg. Uji filogenetik 20 marka SSR pada 10 individu anggota aksesi C103-T menghasilkan diversitas genetik 14,37-37,38%. Uji 8 individu anggota aksesi Eo menunjukkan diversitas genetik 7-15%. Uji diversitas genetik aksesi antar species Eo dan Eg menghasilkan diversitas genetik sebesar 15-45%. Dengan demikian 20 marka SSR terpilih dapat membedakan dengan sangat jelas anggota individu dalam aksesi, anggota aksesi dalam suatu sepecies, dan anggota aksesi antar species kelapa sawit. Marka SSR terpilih dapat digunakan untuk uji kekerabatan berbagai aksesi kelapa sawit. Hasil studi ini bermanfaat untuk penanganan plasma nutfah di lapang dan pemilihan calon tetua untuk program pemuliaan kelapa sawit. Kata kunci : Kelapa sawit, aksesi, keragaman genetik, marka SSR, uji kekerabatan.ABSTRACTSSR Marker Selection for Genetic Diversity Analysis of Oil Palm AccessionsGenetic diversity analysis of oil palm accessions facilitates parent selection in a breeding program. The use of SSR markers enhances the accuracy and speed of oil palm phylogenetic analysis. SSR is a superior PCR-based genetic marker compared to other developed markers (e.g. AFLP, RAPD, and RFLP) due to its multi allelic nature, codominant characteristic, well-distributed across the plant genome, its economic assays, and high ability in differentiating closely related plant genetic materials. The objectives of this study were to: (1) select the SSR markers appropriate for oil palm accession diversity analysis; (2) analyze the selected markers to be used in genetic relationship studies both in analyzing within- and among- oil palm accessions as well as inter oil palm species. A total of 39 SSR markers were initially used in this study. The appropriate SSR markers were selected based on their polymorphism level, banding pattern, allele frequency and size, together with their distributions across the oil palm genome. The selected markers were used in the phylogenetic analysis studies involving genetic materials within- and among-oil palm accessions. These included 10 individual plants of the C103-T accession (within accession study), 9 accessions of Eo and 7 accessions of Eg (for inter-oil palm accessions and inter species studies). Dendograms were constructed based on Unweighted Pair Group Method Arithmetic (UPGMA) using the Numerical Taxonomy and Multivariate Analysis System (NTSYS) software version 2.1-pc. Results showed that the 39 SSR markers showed polymorphism level of 75% (ranges from 32 to 92%), allele number of 5.97 (2-14), and allele size of 119-330 bp. Based on the observed polymorphism level, allele size and frequency, banding pattern, and their distributions across the oil palm genome, 20 SSR markers were selected to be studied further. The selected SSR markers were tested their robustness to be used in the phylogenetic analyses of individual plants within an accession, among accessions of a species (Eo or Eg) as well as the individuals among oil species Eo and Eg. Phylogenetic analysis of 20 SSR markers on 10 individual plant within a Cameroon originated accession C103-T resulted genetic diversity of 14.37-37.38%. Diversity level of 8 accessions within species Eo was 7-15%. Analysis of inter species diversity Eo and Eg demonstrated diversity level of 5-45%. The observation results indicated that the 20 SSR markers were robust enough to be used in phylogenetic studies of oil palm accessions. The results shown by this study would be very useful in handling the oil palm germplasm in the field and should facilitate parent selection in a breeding program
Survei Hama Kumbang Kelapa Brontispa longissima (Gestro) dan Musuh Alaminya di Provinsi Sulawesi Utara Alouw, Jelfina C; Hosang, Meldy L.A
Buletin Palma No 34 (2008): Juni, 2008
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/bp.v0n34.2008.%p

Abstract

Survei dilakukan dari Bulan Februari sampai Juni 2008 untuk mengetahui populasi hama Brontispa longissima dan musuh alaminya di Provinsi Sulawesi Utara.   Pohon kelapa yang diserang B. longissima di 10 desa di Sulawesi Utara dipilih secara acak untuk diamati.  Pinak daun yang diinfestasi oleh B. longissima diambil kemudian hama di dalamnya dipisah menurut tahap perkembangannya serta dipelihara di laboratorium.  Musuh alami yang menginfeksi hama tersebut dipelihara menurut jenisnya.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa seluruh perkembangan hama yakni telur, larva, pupa dan imago berada di lapangan dengan populasi tertinggi terdapat pada larva (64,59 %)  kemudian diikuti oleh imago (20,84%) sebagai tahap perkembangan yang merusak.  Lima jenis musuh alami diidentifikasi sebagai parasitoid telur Ooencyrthus podontiae (Hymenoptera:  Encyrtidae), parasitoid larva tua dan pupa  Tetrastichus brontispae (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), entomopatogen Metarhizium anisopliae var. anisopliae   dan Serratia spp. yang menyerang larva dan imago serta Celisoches  morio sebagai predator yang potensial untuk mengendalikan B. longissima.

Page 20 of 22 | Total Record : 220

 18   19   20   21   22 

Filter by Year

2006 2021


Reset
Filter By Issues
All Issue Vol 22, No 2 (2021): December 2021 Vol 22, No 1 (2021): Juni 2021 Vol 21, No 2 (2020): Desember 2020 Vol 21, No 1 (2020): Juni 2020 Vol 20, No 2 (2019): Desember 2019 Vol 20, No 1 (2019): Juni 2019 Vol 19, No 2 (2018): Desember 2018 Vol 19, No 1 (2018): Juni 2018 Vol 18, No 2 (2017): Desember, 2017 Vol 18, No 1 (2017): Juni, 2017 Vol 17, No 2 (2016): Desember, 2016 Vol 17, No 1 (2016): Juni, 2016 Vol 16, No 2 (2015): Desember, 2015 Vol 16, No 1 (2015): Juni, 2015 Vol 15, No 2 (2014): Desember, 2014 Vol 15, No 1 (2014): Juni, 2014 Vol 14, No 2 (2013): Vol. 14 No. 2, Desember 2013 Vol 14, No 1 (2013): Vol. 14 No. 1, Juni 2013 Vol 13, No 2 (2012): Desember 2012 Vol 13, No 1 (2012): Juni, 2012 No 39 (2010): Desember, 2010 No 38 (2010): Juni, 2010 No 37 (2009): Desember, 2009 No 36 (2009): Juni, 2009 No 35 (2008): Desember, 2008 No 34 (2008): Juni, 2008 No 33 (2007): Desember, 2007 No 32 (2007): Juni, 2007 No 31 (2006): Desember, 2006 More Issue