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SURABAYA PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION JOURNAL
Published by Universitas Airlangga
ISSN : -     EISSN : 26560895     DOI : https://doi.org/10.20473/spmrj.v2i1.16875
Core Subject : Health, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology
Surabaya Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Journal focused on both basic science and clinical study, with following topics: Neuromuscular rehabilitation Musculoskeletal rehabilitation Pediatric rehabilitation Cardiorespiratory rehabilitation Sport rehabilitation Geriatric rehabilitation This Journal also invites contributors from all associated disciplines.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Rehabilitasi
Articles 102 Documents
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Demographic Influences on Sustainable Mobility Adoption in Rehabilitation Arsovski, Denis; Prodanovska-Stojchevska, Viktorija; Jovanovska, Tanja; Filov, Izabela; Jankulovska, Angelka; Petkovska, Daniela
Surabaya Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Journal Vol. 7 No. 2 (2025): SPMRJ, AUGUST 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/spmrj.v7i2.65019

Abstract

Background: The integration of sustainable mobility within rehabilitation settings combines environmental and health-focused strategies to reduce the carbon footprint of healthcare and improve patient results. This approach addresses the need for environmentally friendly transport options, such as walking, cycling, public transport, and carpooling, within rehabilitation programs. Aim(s) (including purpose setting): This study aimed to explore the influence of demographic factors - age, gender, and mobility restrictions on patients' willingness to adopt sustainable mobility options during rehabilitation. Material and methods: A cross-sectional survey design was used, involving 85 participants undergoing rehabilitation. Data were collected using a structured electronic questionnaire, with demographic data and attitudes toward different sustainable transport methods. Statistical analyses included Chi-Square tests, ANOVA, Tukey’s HSD, t-tests, and Mann-Whitney U tests to identify significant demographic influences on mobility preferences. Result: Younger participants (aged 18-30) and female participants demonstrated a higher willingness to use public transport compared to older age groups and male participants (ANOVA p = 0.008). Participants with mobility restrictions were less inclined toward active transport options, highlighting the need for customized support and accessible infrastructure. Conclusions: Demographic factors significantly affect sustainable mobility preferences in rehabilitation, necessitating customized interventions to improve adoption. Programs should consider age, gender and mobility limitations to effectively promote sustainable transport. Addressing these factors can improve rehabilitation results and support broader environmental sustainability goals. Future research should investigate long-term impacts and the role of additional variables, such as socioeconomic status and infrastructure, in shaping mobility preferences.
Prevalence of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome and De-Quervain Tenosynovitis among PUBG Players Gul, Maham; Rauf, Hassan; Khan, Fatima
Surabaya Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Journal Vol. 7 No. 2 (2025): SPMRJ, AUGUST 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/spmrj.v7i2.65476

Abstract

Background: Portability and access to the internet are now the norm for everyone from school children to corporate business individuals allowing the playing of online games like Player Unknown’s Battlegrounds (PUBG) and other gaming. As for e-sports, there are some cognitive gains while game addiction especially among young people is on the rise. Excessive playing of games can cause musculoskeletal problems like strained neck muscles, and illnesses such as carpal tunnel syndrome, and de Quervain’s tenosynovitis. Aim(s): This cross-sectional study sought to estimate the percentage prevalence of CTS and DQT in PUBG players and their addiction level to gaming. Material and methods: The sample comprised 382 students with demographic data obtained using questionnaires completed independently by the participants. Gaming addiction was measured with a 21-item addiction scale while CTS was measured with the Boston Carpal Tunnel questionnaire; and DQT with the Finkelstein test. Result: Thus, 42.1% of PUBG players were identified as players with GA. The calculated frequency for de Quervain’s tenosynovitis was 52.9% the mean symptom severity of patients was 17.53±6.00 and the functional status of patients was 11.19±4.41 showing mild pain and limitation to the function. However, the level of carpal tunnel syndrome was relatively low in the participants of the present study. Conclusions: In this PUBG participants’ study, 52.9% had de Quervain’s tenosynovitis, largely with mild to moderate pain. However carpal tunnel syndrome was comparatively low in this instance. These findings indicate that musculoskeletal health is adversely affected by gaming and mostly the upper extremities are affected. Keywords: Carpal tunnel syndrome, De Quervain’s tenosynovitis, PUBG, Gaming Addiction, Musculoskeletal disease
Prolotherapy as a Novel Adjunct in Post-Stroke Pain Management: A Pilot Study at RSUD Dr. Saiful Anwar Malang Lestari, Dwi Indriani; Rahmad; Pringga, Gutama Arya; Pambayun, Sheilla Elfira San; Musthafa, Ferdian; Puspitasari, Yuan Laura; Ichsan; Noor, Syeda Tazkia; Zulfikar, Dilloniar Bahny; Ariani, Maydah
Surabaya Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Journal Vol. 7 No. 2 (2025): SPMRJ, AUGUST 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/spmrj.v7i2.65514

Abstract

Background: Post-stroke pain (PSP) and musculoskeletal complications significantly hinder recovery and quality of life in stroke survivors. Prolotherapy, a regenerative injection therapy, has shown promise in managing musculoskeletal disorders but remains underexplored for PSP. Aim(s): This study evaluates the effectiveness of prolotherapy in reducing pain, improving range of motion (ROM), and enhancing functional outcomes in PSP patients. Material and methods: This pilot study employed a pre-experimental design with pretest and posttest measurements. Conducted at RSUD Dr. Saiful Anwar Malang, the study included three stroke patients experiencing chronic musculoskeletal pain. Prolotherapy injections containing hypertonic dextrose were administered at regular intervals. Primary outcomes included pain (Numerical Rating Scale), ROM, and spasticity (Modified Ashworth Scale). Secondary outcomes were assessed using the Barthel Index, Short Form-36, and Fugl-Meyer Assessment. Statistical analyses were descriptive, with paired t-tests applied to outcome changes. Result: Significant improvements in pain levels (mean NRS reduction from 5.67±1.5 to 3.0±2.0) and ROM, particularly in shoulder flexion and wrist extension, were observed. Spasticity showed minor improvements in some muscle groups. Functional outcomes, including Barthel Index and SF-36 scores, demonstrated positive trends, with two participants improving from severe dependency to moderate independence. Conclusions: Prolotherapy shows promise as an adjunctive intervention for PSP, offering potential benefits in pain reduction and functional recovery. As the first study of its kind at RSUD Dr. Saiful Anwar Malang, it lays the groundwork for future large-scale research to validate these findings and refine clinical applications. Keywords: Stroke, Prolotherapy, Pain, Rehabilitation, post-stroke pain, functional performance
The Impact of Periodized Sit-to-Stand Exercises on Enhancing Gross Motor Skills and Balance in Children with Down Syndrome Prananta, Marietta Shanti; Sari, Dian Marta; Paramita, Ika Ayu; Trianasari, Nurvita; Wijaya, Laurentia Cindy Gani; Santoso, Patricia Helena Christiani
Surabaya Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Journal Vol. 7 No. 2 (2025): SPMRJ, AUGUST 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/spmrj.v7i2.66296

Abstract

Background: Down syndrome (DS) is a congenital disorder with multiple chromosomal disorders. That causes growth disorders and changes the structure of the brain, like physical growth retardation, inability to learn, and other ailments of the cardiovascular system, thyroid glands, and blood cancer. The brain diminishes in size and maturation problems, and pathophysiological processes cause delayed motor development. Disorders often found in children with DS include hypotonia, ligamentous laxity, decreased muscle strength, postural control, proprioception, and cognitive disorders. Strengthening exercises in Down Syndrome children is thought to improve their motor and balance skills. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of periodic sit-to-stand strengthening exercises on Down Syndrome.Material and Methods: Children aged 7-12 years with Down Syndrome from Perhimpunan Orang Tua Anak Down Syndrome (POTADS) in Bandung participated in a seven-week sit-to-stand exercise intervention using a quasi-experimental design with a Pretest-Posttest Group approach (n=16). The initial load was 30% of body weight at 1 RM, progressively increasing to 70% by the seventh week, with adjustments based on re-measurements at week four. The intervention incorporated unloading and overloading phases and was performed thrice weekly at participants' homes. GMFM dimensions D and E and PBS were used to assess outcomes.Result: The result showed an increase in the D and E dimensions from the GMFM and PBS scores.Conclusion: Standing, walking, running, jumping motor, and balance skills in children with DS administered sit-to-stand exercise intervention with increased periodization.
Effects of a Combination of Resistance and Aerobic Exercise on Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Muscular Fitness, and Body Composition in a High-risk Patient with Inflammatory Cardiomyopathy, Potentially Malignant Arrhythmia, and Morbid Obesity Nazir, Arnengsih; Miguna, Vindy Margaretha; Goesasi, Rachmat Zulkarnain; Tanuwidjaja, Deta
Surabaya Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Journal Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): SPMRJ, FEBRUARY 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/spmrj.v8i1.52276

Abstract

Cardiomyopathy with concomitant heart failure and potentially malignant arrhythmia in patients with morbid obesity and mild restrictive lung disease causes significant functional impairment. Low-grade systemic inflammation accompanies the presence of these diseases. A 48-year-old woman undergoing phase II cardiac rehabilitation complained of easy fatigue. Cardiac rehabilitation consisting of moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) 3 times 60 minutes with treadmill, arm, and leg ergometer, and resistance training was given. During MICT, the patient developed bigeminy without subjective complaint. After 6 weeks of exercise, an increase in VO2 max predicted by a 6-minute walking test (14.33 to 16.67), improvement in physical activity (low to moderate activity), and improvement in fatigue severity scale (43 to 27) were seen. Muscular fitness was also improved; muscle thickness showed an average increase of 0.25 centimeters with an increase in muscle strength. Body composition (2% decrease in body fat percentage and 4-level decrease in visceral fat) was also noted. Previous studies found that exercise increases VO2 max, improves endothelial function, and improves myocardial reserve flow. Muscle fiber adaptations also occur and include increased cross-sectional area of muscle, selective hypertrophy of fast-twitch fibers, decreased or maintained mitochondrial number and capillary density of muscle, and possible changes in energy sources. Combined exercise results in higher peak work capacity and VO2 peak than resistance or aerobic exercise alone. Although precautions must be taken due to the high risk of cardiovascular events as seen in this case, combined aerobic and resistance exercises can be prescribed to increase cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness and improve body composition.
Overcoming Rehabilitation Challenges in Managing Multiple Fractures and Thalassemia-Induced Osteoporosis: A Comprehensive Case Report Pratiwi, Ayu candra; Anggraini, Vivid Prety; Rahmad; Lisnaini; Zaini, Achmad
Surabaya Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Journal Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): SPMRJ, FEBRUARY 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/spmrj.v8i1.56450

Abstract

The osteoporosis caused by thalassemia provides a complex challenge as they have a number of fractures, which makes rehabilitation more complicated in terms of mobilization and safety aspects. This is a case report of the management of a patient with multiple fractures and osteoporosis due to thalassemia using comprehensive rehabilitation to prove that multidisciplinary teamwork can help such difficult cases. Multiple fractures in patients with pre-existing conditions, such as thalassemia-induced osteoporosis, are a challenge for the medical field. A 26-year-old man with beta-thalassemia major and osteoporosis experienced wrist, hip, and unstable spine fractures after falling. After doing a closed reduction of arm and femur screw fixation, he was presented with pain, limited range of motion at both surgical sites, inability to perform any ADL, and unable to work. Multi-disciplinary case management with internist, orthopedist, and physiatrist. The treatment methods were pharmacological treatment, internal fixation, cast, orthosis, walking aids, exercise, and fall prevention strategies. The team managed the multiple fractures, pain, instability, and mobility issues. Internal fixation, arm box immobilization, orthotics, and ambulation aids are valid treatment options. The exercise and fall prevention strategies were established to increase the patient’s Quality of Life (QoL). The integrated rehabilitation program implemented used crutches as the main mobility aid to obtain better support, weight distribution, fall prevention, mobilize safely, and use crutches to improve functional independence. This event emphasizes the importance of a multi-disciplinary approach in managing a patient with multiple fractures with already a background of osteoporosis due to thalassemia. Our specialized rehabilitation program’s selection and adaptation to the patient's needs play a significant role in determining successful outcomes and considerable quality of life improvement.
Extracorporeal Shockwave Combined with High Power Laser Therapy in the Treatment of Non-union in 5th Metatarsal Bone: A Case Report Andayani, Ni Gusi Agung Ayu Putu Tika; Soemarjono, Arif; Soewito, Ferius
Surabaya Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Journal Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): SPMRJ, FEBRUARY 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/spmrj.v8i1.63187

Abstract

Non-union fractures can lead to long-term physical disabilities and mental health issues. The primary treatment for long bone fractures is surgery. However, surgery may present increased perioperative risks in patients with existing comorbid conditions.  Non-surgical therapy is needed that can heal long bone fractures with minimal side effects and outcomes comparable to surgery. The aim of this report is to see the effect of GDT protocol in treating non-unions. A 44-year-old man sustained a non-union fracture in the midshaft of his left 5th metatarsal from a basketball injury. This patient underwent GDT protocol, which combines high-power laser therapy with ESWT, administered twice weekly for one month. Following two doses of GDT, the swelling reduced significantly. The Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score dropped notably after three sessions of GDT, decreasing from 8/10 to 0/10. Radiological evidence of bone healing was observed after eight sessions of GDT, confirmed by both X-ray and ultrasound imaging. Post-treatment, the patient was able to walk normally with full weight-bearing (FWB). Combining high-power laser therapy with ESWT produces a synergistic effect, improving results in this patient. There were no significant complications or adverse effects observed in patients during the GDT protocol. Further studies with larger samples and better research designs are needed to confirm this result.
The The Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Geriatric Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain Nugroho, Mohammad Barlian; Anggraini, Vivid Prety; Hapsari, Rosalyna Pudji; Musthafa, Ferdian; Kurniani, Nadia; Ulfah, Nisa
Surabaya Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Journal Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): SPMRJ, FEBRUARY 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/spmrj.v8i1.67400

Abstract

Background: Low back pain (LBP) is pain or discomfort occurring in the area below the costal margin and above the gluteal fold. Previous studies showed that vitamin D supplementation can alleviate complaints of chronic LBP. Aim: This study investigated the effect of vitamin D supplementation on pain and quality of life in elderly patients with chronic LBP. Material and methods: This study uses the experimental method of randomized controlled trial pre- and posttest design on 16 geriatric patients who were divided into two research groups (intervention and control group). The intervention group had usual rehabilitation therapy and vitamin D3 supplementation at a dose of 5000 IU, whereas the control group only had usual rehabilitation therapy. Pain was measured by the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), level of vitamin D, and quality of life was assessed by the Short Form (SF-36) before and after 4 weeks.   Result: Both groups, rehabilitation only and rehabilitation combined with vitamin D3, had significant pain reduction after 4 weeks of treatment (p < 0.002 and 0.006 consecutively), but no significant difference between groups (p = 0.893). Conversely, there was statistically significant improvement in the level of vitamin D ( p = 0.026 (p < 0.05)) and SF-36 component vitality ( p = 0.014 (p < 0.05)), mental health ( p =  0.014 (p < 0.05)), social function ( p = 0.006 (p < 0.05)), and pain in the body ( p = 0.002 (p < 0.05)). Conclusions: The administration of vitamin D supplements in patients with chronic LBP has the potential to alleviate symptoms and provide significant benefits in enhancing the patient's quality of life.
The The Relationship between Functional Status and Depression among Elderly at Himo-Himo Nursing Home Ternate 2024 Al Jihad, Adam Thariq; Hidayat, Ferdian; Pontoh, Lely Maryanti
Surabaya Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Journal Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): SPMRJ, FEBRUARY 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/spmrj.v8i1.67434

Abstract

Background: The elderly population in Indonesia is approximately 15.16 million people. The elderly experience an aging process that tends to decrease functional capacity, both at the cellular level and the organ level, in line with the aging process. The decline in functional ability in the elderly is associated with depression. Poor functional status can trigger stress, resulting in poor overall mental health and emphasizing the risk of greater functional decline with increasing age. Aim(s) (including purpose setting): To determine the relationship between functional status and depression among the elderly at the Himo-Himo Nursing Home, Ternate in 2024. Material and methods: This study uses an observational analytic approach with a total sampling technique, and data collection was conducted using the Barthel Index and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) questionnaires. Statistical analysis was performed using univariate and bivariate analysis with the Spearman correlation test. Result: There were a total of 38 elderly individuals who participated in this study, with the majority in the older age category (65-75 years) (63.2%), female (52.6%), and a residence duration in the nursing home of more than 36 months (65.8%). Mild depression was observed in (47.4%) and moderate depression in (15.8%). Functional status in the independent category was (60.5%). The Spearman correlation test showed a positive correlation (p-value = 0.003, r = 0.471). Conclusions: There is a significant relationship between functional status and depression in the elderly at the Himo-Himo Nursing Home, Ternate City, with a positive correlation.
The Well-being of Guaeria Village Fishermen Assessed by WHOQOL-Bref Magfirah, Nurul; Masrika, Nur Upik En; Pontoh, Lely Maryanti; Sakurawati, Andi
Surabaya Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Journal Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): SPMRJ, FEBRUARY 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/spmrj.v8i1.68306

Abstract

Background: Fishing has become a hereditary occupation for the community in Guaeria Village, but they do not have adequate access to healthcare. In fact, they face a hazardous work environment, health issues due to high workloads and the consumption of addictive substances, long working hours, low levels of education, and uncertain income, which all impact their quality of life. The Provincial Health Office also does not yet have data on the health of fishermen. Aim: This study aimed to describe the quality of life of fishermen in Guaeria Village, North Maluku, Indonesia, using the WHOQOL-BREF instrument. Material and methods: This study uses quantitative research using descriptive research design with a cross-sectional design. We conducted total sampling for the technique’s research in Guaeria Village in November 2024, using the WHOQOL-Bref questionnaire as the data collection technique. Result: The results of the study showed that a significant portion of fishermen (67.5%) reported a poor quality of life. The physiological domain rated 54.5% as fairly poor, while the psychological domain rated 61% as fairly good. The social domain showed (51%) in the fairly good category and (45.5%) in the environmental domain rated fairly poor. Conclusions: The quality of life for fishermen in Guaeria Village is predominantly poor. This parameter is demonstrated by four domains: physiology, psychology, social, and environment in the WHOQOL-Bref questionnaire, which exhibit imbalances. Alongside the domains identified in the WHOQOL-Bref questionnaire, we also acquired data elucidating the factors contributing to respondents' diminished quality of life, including age, gender, education, work period, income, and asset ownership.

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