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Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Masyarakat : Media Komunikasi Komunitas Kesehatan Masyarakat
ISSN : 20854366     EISSN : 2684950X     DOI : 10.52022/jikm.v13i1
Core Subject : Health,
Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Masyarakat UPN Veteran Jakarta (JIKM UPNVJ) merupakan sarana eksplorasi, ekspresi dan publikasi karya ilmiah berupa hasil penelitian dan penelusuran ilmiah bidang kesehatan masyarakat. Bidang keilmuan kesehatan masyarakat tersebut mencangkup Kesehatan dan Keselamatan Kerja (K3), Administrasi Kebijakan Kesehatan (AKK), Epidemiologi, Biostatistik, Kesehatan Lingkungan, Promosi Kesehatan, Gizi Masyarakat, dan Kesehatan Reproduksi. Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Masyarakat UPN Veteran Jakarta menerima artikel ilmiah secara terbuka dari pihak manapun yang ingin berperan aktif dalam bidang kesehatan masyarakat.
Articles 220 Documents
Central Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Among Adults Aged 19—64 Years in DKI Jakarta: A Cross-Sectional Study Talitha Dwi Maharani; Ulya Qoulan Karima; Chahya Kharin Herbawani; Terry Y.R. Pristya
Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Masyarakat : Media Komunikasi Komunitas Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 18 No 1 (2026): JIKM Vol 18, Issue 1, February 2026
Publisher : Public Health Undergraduate Program, Faculty of Health Science, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52022/jikm.v18i1.828

Abstract

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder characterised by elevated blood sugar levels due to impaired insulin secretion in the body. Central obesity (CO) has been associated with insulin resistance and may contribute to the occurrence of T2DM. This study aimed to analyse the association between CO and T2DM among adults aged 19–64 years in DKI Jakarta. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using secondary data from the Indonesian Health Survey (IHS) 2023. A total of 7,432 adults aged 19–64 years residing in DKI Jakarta were included. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between CO and T2DM. Results: The prevalence of T2DM was 1.8%. CO was significantly associated with T2DM (p=0.001). Adults with CO had higher odds of T2DM compared with those without CO (adjusted POR=7.15; 95% CI: 2.19–23.35). Physical inactivity (adjusted POR=5.26; 95% CI: 1.64–16.90), heavy smoking (adjusted POR=2.34; 95% CI: 1.01–5.42), and hypertension (adjusted POR=3.79; 95% CI: 2.58–5.57) were also independently associated with T2DM. A statistically significant interaction between CO and physical activity was identified. Conclusions: Central obesity was strongly associated with T2DM among adults aged 19–64 years in DKI Jakarta. These findings underscore the importance of obesity and lifestyle-related factors in the epidemiology of T2DM. It is recommended for individuals to adopt a healthy lifestyle and undergo regular health checks to facilitate the early detection of CO and other health conditions.
Factors Associated with Diabetes Mellitus among Adults Aged ≥ 25 Years in DKI Jakarta: Analysis of the Indonesian Health Survey 2023 Annisa Ryan Thahara; Dewi Utami Iriani
Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Masyarakat : Media Komunikasi Komunitas Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 18 No 1 (2026): JIKM Vol 18, Issue 1, February 2026
Publisher : Public Health Undergraduate Program, Faculty of Health Science, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52022/jikm.v18i1.892

Abstract

Background: The global prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) continues to rise and is projected to increase significantly by 2045. In Indonesia, DKI Jakarta reports the highest prevalence of DM. This study aimed to examine factors associated with DM among adults aged ≥ 25 years in DKI Jakarta using data from the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using secondary data from the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey, which employed a stratified multistage sampling design. A total of 6,185 respondents aged ≥ 25 years residing in DKI Jakarta were included. Data were collected in 2023 and analysed from January to July 2025. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for factors associated with DM. Results: Significant risk factors for DM among adults aged ≥ 25 years in DKI Jakarta included age (OR=21.99; 95% CI: 13.13–36.85; p<0.001), sex (OR=1.63; 95% CI: 1.23–2.15; p=0.001), educational level (OR=1.86; 95% CI: 1.20–2.90; p<0.001), depression (OR=3.71; 95% CI: 1.81–7.58; p<0.001), and a hystory of hypertension (OR=5.05; 95% CI: 3.83–6.66; p<0.001). Based on multivariable analysis, older age was the most strongly associated factor (aOR = 16.081; 95% CI: 9.24–27.98; p<0.001). Conclusions: Several sociodemographic and health-related factors were associated with DM among adults in DKI Jakarta. Strengthening diabetes prevention and control efforts through the Posbindu PTM and GERMAS programmes by the DKI Jakarta Health Office is warranted.
Prevalence and Associated Factors of Pesticide Poisoning among Farmers in Rural Indonesia: A Cross-Sectional Study Helfi Nolia; Risnawati Tanjung; Defi Ermayendri; Deri Kermelita
Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Masyarakat : Media Komunikasi Komunitas Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 18 No 1 (2026): JIKM Vol 18, Issue 1, February 2026
Publisher : Public Health Undergraduate Program, Faculty of Health Science, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52022/jikm.v18i1.908

Abstract

Background: Pesticide poisoning is a significant occupational health problem among farmers in developing countries. In Indonesia, 710 cases of pesticide poisoning were reported in 2014. In Pematang Raya Village, Simalungun Regency, blood cholinesterase examinations have never been conducted due to high costs, resulting in the absence of prevalence data on pesticide poisoning.Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design conducted in Pematang Raya Village, Simalungun Regency, with a total sample of 43 farmers selected using purposive sampling. Blood cholinesterase levels were measured using the Lovibond method, while data on pesticide use behavior were collected through structured interviews. Data presented in frequency and proportion distributions and tested with logistic regression to identify determinant factors.Results: A total of 27.9% of respondents experienced pesticide poisoning. Factors significantly associated with pesticide poisoning were the use of personal protective equipment (p = 0.000; OR = 13.5), spraying method (p = 0.000; OR = 13.5), and pesticide management (p = 0.000; OR = 90). In multivariable analysis, poor pesticide management remained independently associated with pesticide poisoning (OR = 33.12; p = 0.008).Conclusions: Reduced cholinesterase activity was observed in more than one-quarter of farmers. Unsafe pesticide management practices were strongly associated with pesticide poisoning. Regular health monitoring and agricultural extension are recommended. As a follow-up, the Smart Farmers for Pesticides Movement (GENTARIDA) was established to promote safe pesticide practices among farmers.
Association between Authoritative Parenting Style and Caregiver Stimulation among Preschool-Aged Children in Indonesia Yuri Nurdiantami; Hilda Meriyandah Agil; Smarika Shrestha; Xiang Li; Tokie Anme
Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Masyarakat : Media Komunikasi Komunitas Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 18 No 1 (2026): JIKM Vol 18, Issue 1, February 2026
Publisher : Public Health Undergraduate Program, Faculty of Health Science, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52022/jikm.v18i1.949

Abstract

Background: Nurturing care within the home environment is fundamental to early childhood development. Parenting style may influence caregiver-provided stimulation, a key component of nurturing care. This study aimed to examine the association between authoritative parenting style and caregiver stimulation as forms of nurturing care among Indonesian preschool-age children. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2023 among 382 parents of children aged 3 to 6 years enrolled in kindergartens in Jakarta. Data were collected using self-administered questionnaires, including the Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire (PSDQ) and the Index of Child Care Environment (ICCE). Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the association between authoritative parenting style and adequate caregiver stimulation, adjusting for parent working status, parent age, parent gender, and number of children in the household. Results: The mean age of the children was 60.4 months (SD = 13.87), and 50.5% were boys. The regression analysis showed that an authoritative parenting style was significantly associated with higher odds of sufficient caregiver stimulation (adjusted OR = 2.61, 95% CI: 1.40–4.88; p < 0.005). Conclusions: Authoritative parenting style was positively associated with caregiver stimulation among preschool-aged children in Jakarta. Parents may consider adopting parenting approaches that support optimal early childhood development.
Assessment of Occupational Safety and Health Implementation and Preventive Measures in Dry Dam Operations: A Case Study of the Sukamahi Dry Dam Alya Sekar Hapsari; Prahasdipta Bayu Adhi K; Gian Azaria; Napitupulu Yosefino Rivaldo; Allen Kurniawan; Vicky Aswady Suryana
Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Masyarakat : Media Komunikasi Komunitas Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 18 No 2 (2026): JIKM Vol 18, Issue 2, May 2026
Publisher : Public Health Undergraduate Program, Faculty of Health Science, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52022/jikm.v18i2.894

Abstract

Background: Dry dams serve as flood-control mechanisms in urban regions subjected to extremehydrometeorological conditions. The Sukamahi Dry Dam, the first dry dam in Indonesia, has been operationalsince 2022 and mitigates peak discharges toward Jakarta. This study assessed the implementation of occupationalhealth and safety (OHS) measures, identified potential hazards, and evaluated risk levels associated with the dam’soperational activities. Method: Hazard identification and risk assessment methodology was applied to categorize hazards and computerisk scores on the basis of consequence, exposure, and likelihood. Data collection involved field observations,interviews with 26 personnel, and a review of operational documents at the Sukamahi Dry Dam in 2024. Results: Six primary operational tasks, most notably crane hoist operations and work conducted at heights,presented significant risks, with consequence scores of 100. Major deficiencies were identified, including theabsence of fall protection systems, undocumented inspections of lifting equipment, outdated standard operatingprocedures (SOPs), and inconsistent use of protective equipment. Irregular training, the absence of safety officers,limited emergency preparedness, and a reactive safety culture exacerbate these hazards. Conclusion: Current OHS practices are inadequate for ensuring safe operations. Such practices can be improvedthrough competency-based training, the establishment of risk-based SOPs with clear standards, safety audits, improved emergency response, and the integration of digital monitoring technology to enhance worker protection and ensure the reliability of flood control measures.
Anti-Tuberculosis Drug Resistance Patterns In Patients With Pulmonary Tuberculosis Khoidar Amirus; Syafik Arisandi; Shaharuddin Shaharuddin
Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Masyarakat : Media Komunikasi Komunitas Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 18 No 2 (2026): JIKM Vol 18, Issue 2, May 2026
Publisher : Public Health Undergraduate Program, Faculty of Health Science, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52022/jikm.v18i2.826

Abstract

Background: In 2022, Indonesia reported a pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) incidence rate of 354 per 100,000 population, with an estimated 24,666 cases of drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis (DR-TB). Nationally, DR-TB case detection coverage reached 50.8%, with 12,531 patients notified—an increase of 17% from the previous year. Method: This study aimed to examine patterns of Anti-Tuberculosis Drug (ATD) resistance by analyzing internal host-related risk factors using an analytical observational study with a case-control design. The dependent variable was ATD resistance status (resistant and non-resistant). Independent variables included treatment history (new case or previously treated), treatment adherence (adherent or non-adherent), laboratory monitoring (regular or irregular), comorbidities (presence or absence of other diseases), and type of healthcare service unit. Treatment history, laboratory monitoring, and comorbidities were obtained from medical records using checklist forms, while treatment adherence and access to healthcare services were assessed through structured interviews using questionnaires. Data analysis was conducted using chi-square tests and multiple logistic regression. Result: The chi-square tests revealed significant associations for treatment history (p = 0.00, OR = 71.5), adherence (p = 0.00, OR = 7.7), and laboratory monitoring (p = 0.00, OR = 12.0). No significant associations were found for comorbidities (p = 0.655) or service units (p = 0.171). Logistic regression identified treatment history as the primary risk factor for DR-TB (adjusted OR = 47.762), followed by laboratory monitoring (adjusted OR = 5.326). Conclusion: The resulting regression model indicated a predictive probability of 94.9%, suggesting that treatment history and laboratory monitoring are the key factors contributing to ATD resistance among PTB patients.
Effectiveness of Eco-Enzyme in Reducing pH, BOD, and NH₃ Levels in Wastewater from Jombang Regional General Hospital Nahdya Ashiva Syam; Fitri Rokhmalia; Khambali Khambali; Suprijandani Suprijandani
Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Masyarakat : Media Komunikasi Komunitas Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 18 No 1 (2026): JIKM Vol 18, Issue 1, February 2026
Publisher : Public Health Undergraduate Program, Faculty of Health Science, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52022/jikm.v18i1.860

Abstract

Background: Wastewater treatment at Jombang Regional General Hospital (RSUD Jombang) has not consistently met effluent quality standards for parameters such as pH, Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), and ammonia (NH₃). In addition, environmentally friendly approaches, such as eco-enzymes, have not yet been optimally implemented. This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of the eco-enzyme in reducing pH, BOD, and NH₃ levels in hospital wastewater at Jombang Regional General Hospital. Methods: This study employed a laboratory experimental design using a post-test-only control group approach. Phytochemical analysis was conducted to identify the bioactive compounds present in the eco-enzyme solution. Wastewater samples were collected from the Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) of Jombang Regional General Hospital and treated with eco-enzyme concentrations of 5%, 10%, and 15% for an incubation period of 5 days. The measured parameters included pH, BOD, and ammonia (NH₃). Statistical analysis was performed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) at a significance level of α = 0.05, followed by Tukey’s Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) post hoc test to determine differences among treatment groups. Results: Phytochemical analysis identified five main bioactive compounds in the eco-enzyme solustion, namely flavonoids (14.246 mg/mL), polyphenols (3.648 mg/mL), citric acid (0.6954 g/L), lactic acid (0.05 mg/mL), and bromelain (0.714 U/mL). Eco-enzyme treatment significantly reduced all measured wastewater parameters. The mean pH decreased from 8.18 to 6.00 (26.59%), BOD decreased from 73.63 mg/L to 38.57 mg/L (47.62%), and NH₃ decreased from 9.45 mg/L to 2.78 mg/L (70.52%) at the 15% eco-enzyme concentration. One-way ANOVA indicated statistically significant differences among eco-enzyme treatment groups for pH, BOD, and NH₃ parameters (p < 0.05), with the greatest reductions observed at the 15% eco-enzyme concentration. Conclusions: Eco-enzymes demonstrated potential effectiveness in reducing pH, BOD, and NH₃ levels in hospital wastewater, particularly at a concentration of 15%. These findings suggest that eco-enzymes may serve as a sustainable and cost-effective approach for hospital wastewater treatment. Further studies are required to optimize fermentation conditions, extend treatment duration, and evaluate large-scale applications to assess long-term stability and economic feasibility.
Implementing a Smoke-Free Area Policy to Prevent Smoking in Elementary Schools: A Case Study of Sleman Regency Lina Handayani; Esti Kurniasih; Tri Wahyuni Sukesi; Muchsin Maulana; Tria Nisa Novianti
Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Masyarakat : Media Komunikasi Komunitas Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 18 No 2 (2026): JIKM Vol 18, Issue 2, May 2026
Publisher : Public Health Undergraduate Program, Faculty of Health Science, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52022/jikm.v18i2.875

Abstract

Background: The prevalence of smoking among school-aged children in Indonesia has increased markedly, raising serious public health concerns. In response, the Sleman District Government enacted Regent Regulation No. 42 of 2012 on Smoke-Free Areas (Kawasan Tanpa Rokok/KTR) as a preventive strategy. This study evaluates the implementation of the KTR policy in elementary school settings and identifies challenges to its enforcement. Methods: A qualitative design was employed using semi-structured interviews and direct observations. Data were collected from one official at the Sleman District Education Office, four elementary school teachers, and 10 parents of students, with sampling continued until data saturation was achieved. Source and method triangulation enhanced credibility through interviews, observations, and document reviews. Observations focused on the presence of smoke-free signage and environmental compliance within school premises. Results: Although the KTR regulation is formally established and supported by visible measures such as banners, posters, and school rules, dissemination and educational efforts remain limited, particularly at the elementary school level. While most stakeholders are aware of the regulation, many lack a comprehensive understanding of its content and objectives. The absence of coordinated socialization and sustained educational initiatives for students and families further constrains effective implementation. Conclusion: Despite an existing regulatory framework, KTR implementation in elementary schools requires substantial strengthening. Enhanced cross-sector collaboration among education authorities, schools, and parents is critical. Integrating comprehensive, age-appropriate tobacco prevention education into school curricula is essential to deter early smoking initiation and ensure the long-term effectiveness of KTR policy enforcement.
Influence of Family Environment on Stunting Prevention among Toddlers in Huristak Public Health Center, Padanglawas Regency Rosmainun Rosmainun; Rika Apripan; Nayodi Permayasa
Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Masyarakat : Media Komunikasi Komunitas Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 18 No 2 (2026): JIKM Vol 18, Issue 2, May 2026
Publisher : Public Health Undergraduate Program, Faculty of Health Science, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52022/jikm.v18i2.923

Abstract

Background: Stunting is a condition of impaired growth and development in toddlers caused by chronic malnutrition over a prolonged period. One of the key factors influencing the occurrence of stunting is the family environment. This includes parenting practices, the level of nutritional knowledge, and the availability and utilization of healthcare facilities. This study aims to analyze the influence of family environmental factors, including parenting practices, maternal nutritional knowledge, household sanitation, clean water availability, and access to healthcare services, on stunting prevention among toddlers in the working area of Huristak Public Health Center, Padanglawas Regency. Method: This research was an observational study with a cross-sectional design. A total of 286 mothers with toddlers were selected using purposive sampling. The study collected primary data through structured questionnaires and anthropometric measurements, including toddler height/length-for-age, maternal characteristics, parenting practices, nutritional knowledge scores, household sanitation conditions, availability of clean water, and utilization of healthcare services. Data were analyzed using chi-square tests and logistic regression. Results: This study finds that the availability of clean water (p = 0.001), household sanitation conditions (p = 0.001), maternal nutrition education (p = 0.001), and access to basic healthcare services (p = 0.001) have a significant influence on stunting prevention among toddlers. The most influential variable is access to basic healthcare services Exp.(B)= 15.695). Conclusion: It is recommended that stunting prevention efforts focus on improving access to basic healthcare services, supported by enhancements in sanitation, clean water availability, and nutrition education.
The Effect of Implementing Tri Hita Karana-Oriented Ergosafety on the Health Quality and Productivity of Piranti Upakara Makers Ni Luh Gede Aris Maytadewi Negara; I Putu Prisa Jaya; Gede Mahesa Paratama Dipa
Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Masyarakat : Media Komunikasi Komunitas Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 18 No 2 (2026): JIKM Vol 18, Issue 2, May 2026
Publisher : Public Health Undergraduate Program, Faculty of Health Science, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52022/jikm.v18i2.1053

Abstract

Background: Ergosafety is an approach to ergonomic management that prioritizes the health, safety, and comfort of workers. Ergosafety aims to create an optimal work environment, thereby reducing the risk of injury, fatigue, and work stress, as well as increasing overall productivity and job satisfaction. The purpose of this research is to verify if the implementation of Tri Hita Karana-oriented ergosafety can be a holistic and sustainable solution to improve the quality of health and productivity of piranti upakara makers. Method: The research was conducted for six months, from July to October 2025, and adopted a quasi-experimental design with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The research subjects and the target population were piranti upakara makers in Buruan Village, Penebel District, Tabanan Regency. The accessible population was 50 workers who met the inclusion criteria. The number of research samples was 25 people, who were selected by purposive sampling. Results: The results showed that Tri Hita Karana-oriented ergosafety had a positive impact on the quality of health and work performance. This improvement was indicated by a 15.25% (p ≤ 0.01) decrease in the score of musculoskeletal complaints, a 28.3% (p ≤ 0.01) decrease in the score of work fatigue, and a 34.43% (p ≤ 0.01) increase in work productivity. Conclusion: The implementation of Tri Hita Karana-oriented ergosafety can improve the quality of health and productivity of piranti upakara makers.

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