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Majalah Biomorfologi (Biomorphology Journal)
Published by Universitas Airlangga
ISSN : 02158833     EISSN : 27160920     DOI : 10.20473/mbiom.v30i1.2020.1-7
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Public Health
Majalah Biomorfologi publishes articles in the form of original research report, excel-literature review, communication and special case report. The scope of this journal includes Medicine and Health sciences, focusing in basic and applied Anatomy and Histology (i.e., neuroscience, medical and health education, anthropology, clinical genetics, embryology, medical education, clinical anatomy, histotechnics, and photomicroscopy) although other correlated topics are also welcomed.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Anatomi
Articles 128 Documents
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The Clinical Characteristics of Orbital Inflammation Patients at a Tertiary Hospital in East Java, Indonesia Karina Anggia dewi; Delfitri Lutfi; Kusuma Eko Purwantari; Indri Wahyuni; Yana Rosita
Majalah Biomorfologi Vol. 36 No. 1 (2026): MAJALAH BIOMORFOLOGI
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/mbiom.v36i1.2026.40-47

Abstract

Background: Orbital inflammation is a benign inflammatory condition affecting eye socket, including orbital soft tissue, ocular muscles, and optic nerve. Diagnosing orbital inflammation is challenging due to the lack of standardized clinical criteria and overlapping possibility with other orbital diseases. Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics of orbital inflammation disease. Materials and Methods: This retrospective, observational, and analytical study focused on patients diagnosed with orbital inflammation. The authors classified and analyzed data from 68 samples that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria based on descriptive statistics. We used the Chi-square test and Odds Ratio (OR) to evaluate correlations between clinical variables. We only included variables with a sufficiently balanced data distribution in the correlation analysis to meet the assumptions of the Chi-square test, including proptosis, visual impairment, red eye, and orbital pain. Results: Most patients were female (55.9%) and within the 18-75 age group (97.1%). Orbital inflammation predominantly presented unilaterally (89.7%). The most frequent clinical characteristics were proptosis, red eyes, decreased vision, and orbital pain. Proptosis and red eye demonstrated the most significant correlation, followed by proptosis and dry eye, red eye and eyelid edema, and proptosis and ptosis, respectively. Conclusion: The identified key clinical characteristics of orbital inflammation are proptosis, red eyes, decreased vision, and orbital pain. The most significant correlation has been identified between proptosis and red eye, followed by proptosis and dry eye, red eye and eyelid edema, and proptosis and ptosis, respectively. These clinical features, when found together, support clinicians in recognizing and establishing a diagnosis of orbital inflammation.
The Effect of Mangosteen Peel Extract (Garcinia mangostana Linn.) on the Production of Escherichia coli Bacterial Biofilm Causing Urinary Tract Infections Ryan Maulana Ardhana; Wiwin Retnowati; Danti Nur Indiastuti; Nurul Wiqoyah; Wilda Mahdani
Majalah Biomorfologi Vol. 36 No. 1 (2026): MAJALAH BIOMORFOLOGI
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/mbiom.v36i1.2026.48-56

Abstract

Background: Biofilm formation by Escherichia coli is a key factor contributing to chronic infections, particularly urinary tract infections and antibiotic resistance. Mangosteen peel (Garcinia mangostana Linn.) contains bioactive compounds that have potential as natural antibiofilm agents. Objective:  To examine how mangosteen peel extract at varying concentrations affected biofilm production of Escherichia coli in vitro. Materials and Methods:  This true experimental study using post-test control group design employed mangosteen peel extract concentrations of 0.15%, 0.10%, 0.05%, 0.025%, and 0.0125%. A clinical isolate of Escherichia coli from a urine specimen was used in this study. The authors conducted the test using a microtiter plate assay and biofilm development. ELISA reader was employed to measure the optical density (OD) at 492 nm. Furthermore, this study employed the Shapiro-Wilk test, the homogeneity test, and the Kruskal-Wallis test to assess the data. Results: The results indicated a decrease in OD values across all treatment groups compared to the negative control, suggesting a trend of reduced biofilm formation. The homogeneity test indicated equal variances across groups. Therefore, non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test was used to test the hypothesis. This statistical analysis revealed that the decrease of the biofilm thickness was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Conclusion:  Mangosteen peel extract demonstrates potential as a natural antibiofilm agent against Escherichia coli, although its effect was not statistically significant at the tested concentrations. Therefore, further studies should investigate fractionated active compounds and higher concentrations to determine optimal antibiofilm activity.
Role of miRNA in the Development of Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer (NMSC): A Systematic Review Muhammad Zaid Imron; Willy Sandhika; Cleodylon Reinard Susanto; Lusiani Tjandra
Majalah Biomorfologi Vol. 36 No. 1 (2026): MAJALAH BIOMORFOLOGI
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/mbiom.v36i1.2026.84-94

Abstract

Background: Non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSC), comprising basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), are the most common skin malignancies worldwide. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression, have increasingly been recognized for their roles in the pathogenesis and progression of NMSC. Objective: To systematically review the role of miRNAs in the development and progression of NMSC, as well as their potential clinical utility. Materials and Methods: The authors performed a comprehensive literature search in ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Cochrane databases following PRISMA guidelines. The articles were selected using Rayyan.ai based on relevance to PICO. Screening and quality assessment was performed using predefined eligibility criteria. A total of 16 studies met the inclusion criteria. Extracted data included differentially expressed miRNAs, their regulatory pathways, and their potential roles. This study employed descriptive synthesis. p-values or effect sizes were reported as available in the included studies (n = 16). Results: Several miRNAs were consistently reported as dysregulated in NMSC. Upregulated miRNAs included miR-21 and miR-31, while miR-203 was frequently downregulated. These miRNAs affect key oncogenic pathways, leading to alterations in apoptosis, proliferation, and cell cycle regulation. Across the included studies, dysregulated miRNA expression demonstrated significant associations with tumor development, invasiveness, and potential diagnostic or prognostic value (p < 0.05 in multiple studies). Conclusion: MiRNAs play a crucial role in the molecular pathogenesis of NMSC and represent promising biomarkers as well as potential therapeutic targets. Modulating specific miRNAs may offer new avenues for early detection and improved treatment strategies.
Retrospective Study on Bacteria Causing Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia and The Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns in Intensive Care Unit Patients at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia Nathania Gwendy Indarmastuti; Eko Budi Koendhori; Bambang Pujo Semedi; Rebekah Juniati Setiabudi; Etty Fitria Ruliatna
Majalah Biomorfologi Vol. 36 No. 1 (2026): MAJALAH BIOMORFOLOGI
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/mbiom.v36i1.2026.57-65

Abstract

Background: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) remains one of the most significant nosocomial infections in many critical care patients worldwide. Specifically, it is a pulmonary infection occurring more than 48 hours after endotracheal intubation. Identifying causal pathogens and mapping their antibiotic susceptibility using recent data is essential to support infection control efforts through empirical therapy. Objective: This study aimed to analyze the bacterial species causing VAP and their antibiotic susceptibility patterns (antibiogram) among intensive care unit (ICU) patients at Dr Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia. Materials and Methods: This study used a retrospective cross-sectional design. The study population comprised ICU patients diagnosed with VAP between January 2023 and December 2024. The study also collected data on patients’ bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and/or endotracheal aspirate (ETA) culture results and antibiotic susceptibility tests. The collected data were subsequently analyzed using descriptive statistical methods to identify the frequency of pathogens and the percentage of antibiotic sensitivity. Results: A total of 26 positive BAL/ETA culture isolates were found, with the most common causative bacteria of VAP being gram-negative species, predominantly Pseudomonas aeruginosa (42.31%), Acinetobacter baumannii (19.23%), and Enterobacter cloacae (15.38%). Gram-negative bacteria demonstrated the highest susceptibility to amikacin (AK) and cefoperazone–sulbactam (SCF). Conclusion: Predominant pathogens causing VAP were Gram-negative bacteria, particularly Pseudomonas aeruginosa. AK and SCF may be considered empirical options based on the local ICU antibiogram. Regular updates on ICU antibiograms and adequate nosocomial infection control through preventive measures are crucial in preventing VAP.
Benefit of Noni Fruit (Morinda citrifolia) Extract in Reducing SGOT and SGPT Levels in Male White Rats (Rattus norvegicus) Induced by Doxorubicin Ainaka Fatihi Gusmardi; Diah Purwaningsari; Anang Mufti Sumarsono
Majalah Biomorfologi Vol. 36 No. 1 (2026): MAJALAH BIOMORFOLOGI
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/mbiom.v36i1.2026.66-74

Abstract

Background: Drug-related hepatic injury, recognized as drug-induced liver injury (DILI), constitutes a significant global cause of acute hepatic damage, often resulting from exposure to conventional medications or traditional herbal remedies. Morinda citrifolia, a tropical fruit rich in antioxidants, offers potential hepatoprotection against oxidative stress induced by agents such as doxorubicin. Oxidative stress plays a central role in doxorubicin-induced hepatocellular damage, highlighting the need for adjunctive protective strategies. Objective:  To evaluate whether Morinda citrifolia fruit extract could exert a hepatoprotective effect in male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) subjected to doxorubicin-induced liver injury by measuring serum SGOT and SGPT levels. Materials and Methods: In this controlled post-intervention laboratory experiment, the authors classified 32 male Wistar rats into four groups (n = 8 per group): C− (standard diet only); C+ (intraperitoneal doxorubicin 20 mg/kg BW with a standard diet); CT1 (intraperitoneal doxorubicin 20 mg/kg BW followed by oral Morinda citrifolia extract at 500 mg/kg BW); and CT2 (intraperitoneal doxorubicin 20 mg/kg BW followed by oral Morinda citrifolia extract at 1000 mg/kg BW). The rats were sacrificed after 6 days and blood analysis was performed. Results: Blood analysis revealed significant different SGOT and SGPT levels between groups. Mean SGOT levels decreased significantly in CT1 versus C+ (P = 0.042) and CT2 versus C+ (P = 0.008). Mean SGPT levels declined in CT1 compared with C+ (P = 0.003) and CT2 compared with C+ (P = 0.002). Conclusion: Morinda citrifolia fruit extract at 500 and 1000 mg/kg BW effectively lowers doxorubicin-elevated SGOT and SGPT levels, indicating hepatoprotective potential.
Protective Role of Urtica dioica Extract on MDA Levels, Epididymal p53 mRNA, and Sperm Profile in Obese Sprague–Dawley Rats Harni Sutiani; Kabir Ardiansyah tangkari; Jurnalis Gempaning Tyas; Zaenudin; Dicky Mohammad Rizal; Jajar Setiawan
Majalah Biomorfologi Vol. 36 No. 1 (2026): MAJALAH BIOMORFOLOGI
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/mbiom.v36i1.2026.75-83

Abstract

Background: Obesity, resulting from an imbalance between energy intake and expenditure, leads to excessive fat accumulation and is associated with metabolic disorders and male infertility. Increased oxidative stress in obesity contributes to impaired spermatogenesis, altered sperm quality, and disruption of reproductive function. Urtica dioica contains bioactive compounds with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties. Objective: To evaluate the effect of Urtica dioica extract on malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, epididymal p53 mRNA expression, and sperm quality in obese male rats. Materials and Methods: The authors conducted an experimental study in 25 male Sprague–Dawley rats, divided into five groups (n = 5): non-obese control, obese control, and three treatment groups (125, 250, and 500 mg/kg BW). Obesity was induced using a high-fat and fructose diet for 6 weeks, followed by 4 weeks of treatment. We measured MDA levels using the TBARs, p53 mRNA expression by PCR, and sperm parameters according to WHO standards. Data were analyzed using ANOVA or Kruskal–Wallis tests (p < 0.05). Results: Obese groups demonstrated higher body weight and Lee index of > 300 (p < 0.001). The administration of Urtica dioica extract at 500 mg/kg BW resulted in a significant decrease in MDA levels and an increase in p53 mRNA expression compared to the obese control (p < 0.05), which demonstrated higher sperm concentration, motility, and viability, along with lower morphological abnormalities than those in obese controls (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Urtica dioica extract at 500 mg/kg BW exhibits protective effects against oxidative stress and improves reproductive parameters in obese male rats.
Front Matter Vol. 36 No. 1 Year 2026 Front Matter
Majalah Biomorfologi Vol. 36 No. 1 (2026): MAJALAH BIOMORFOLOGI
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/mbiom.v36i1.2026.%p

Abstract

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Back Matter Vol. 36 No. 1 Year 2026 Back Matter
Majalah Biomorfologi Vol. 36 No. 1 (2026): MAJALAH BIOMORFOLOGI
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/mbiom.v36i1.2026.%p

Abstract

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