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JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW
Published by Universitas Semarang
ISSN : -     EISSN : 26214105     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.26623/julr.v2i2.2266
Core Subject : Social,
Social Sciences
Journal USM LAW REVIEW (JULR) is an academic journal for Legal Studies published by Master of Law, Semarang University. It aims primarily to facilitate scholarly and professional discussions over current developments on legal issues in Indonesia as well as to publish innovative legal researches concerning Indonesian laws and legal system. The focus and scope of this journal are legal problems in the fields of Criminal Law; Civil Law; Constitutional Law; International Law; Administrative Law; Islamic Law; Business Law; Medical Law; Environmental Law; Adat Law; Agrarian Law; Legal Philosophy.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Hukum
Articles 35 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025): APRIL" : 35 Documents clear
Legal Status of Transmigration Land Which Has Been Auctioned By The State Assets Service Office and Auction Until The Certificate is Issued Sumeru, Fayuthika Alifia Kirana; Tjempaka Tjempaka
JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025): APRIL
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/julr.v8i1.11775

Abstract

This study aims to examine the legal status of land rights that can be owned by transmigration communities and the legal protection that can be taken by the community if they feel disadvantaged. The research method used is normative legal research using a statutory approach and a case approach. The government is holding a transmigration program for population equality throughout Indonesia, therefore, a transmigration area was formed as a residential area and a place of business for the community to improve the community's standard of living. Over time, the need for land has increased because community growth is not comparable to the available land, so it often causes disputes. One example of a land dispute that occurs is transmigration land owned by the community that has changed ownership to company land, where the transmigration land owned by the company was obtained by winning an auction. This study was conducted to determine the appropriate legal system in resolving transmigration land disputes whose land is used as an auction object, as well as to find out about the legal protection received by transmigration communities. The results of the study are that the legal status of transmigration land that is used as an auction object should still belong to the transmigration community because transmigration land cannot be transferred, while legal protection for transmigration communities should mean that the land is not used as an auction object by the local government because it still belongs to the transmigration community.
Arrangement and Application of Copyright as an Object of Fiduciary Guarantee  in Malang City Vivin Novida Kusumawati
JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025): APRIL
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/julr.v8i1.11785

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the regulation and application of Copyright as an object of fiduciary guarantee, especially in Malang City so that this research can provide benefits to the community, especially the public and bank employees in Malang City to know the rules and forms of implementation of the object of fiduciary guarantee, namely Copyright. In Malang City, no people use the object of fiduciary security in the form of Copyright because the provisions of the legislation have not been firmly and established, and there are several other factors. This study uses empirical juridical research methods, interview and observation approach techniques, and two legal data sets, primary and secondary data. The study results found that the statutory arrangements in Indonesia regulate Copyright as an object of fiduciary guarantee as stipulated in Article 16, Paragraph (3) of Law Number 28 of 2018 concerning Copyright. Still, in practice, it has not been implemented optimally and well because in Malang City, no institution oversees, and the nominal amount is not specified in the laws and regulations in Indonesia.
Analisis Penerapan Sanksi Administrasi Terhadap Kepatuhan Usaha Bidang Perikanan Muhammad Afif; Muhamad Adystia Sunggara
JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025): APRIL
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/julr.v8i1.11797

Abstract

This research aims to examine the effectiveness of the implementation of administrative sanctions on the compliance level of fishery business actors in the Fishery Management Area (WPP) 711 and its socio-economic impacts. The background of the research is based on the high level of administrative violations, weak supervision, and economic losses due to non-compliant fishing practices. The urgency of this research lies in the pressing need to formulate a fair, efficient, and sustainable monitoring strategy to support national fisheries governance. The method used is a socio-legal approach with primary data. The research results indicate that the compliance level is still low, with a repeat violation rate reaching 38%, influenced by high cost burdens, procedural complexity, and low understanding of regulations. The novelty of this research lies in the empirical identification of structural barriers, such as overlapping authorities and an inadequate supervisor-to-operator ratio, as well as the impact of sanctions on business efficiency and operator adaptation. In conclusion, administrative sanctions have not fully created a deterrent effect and require a more integrated approach. The main recommendations include simplifying technology-based procedures, drafting proportional sanction SOPs, enhancing the capacity of supervisory human resources, and establishing an integrated information system to support effective, fair, and socially-economic sustainable coastal community oversight.   Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji efektivitas penerapan sanksi administrasi terhadap tingkat kepatuhan pelaku usaha perikanan di Wilayah Pengelolaan Perikanan (WPP) 711 serta dampak sosial-ekonominya. Latar belakang penelitian didasarkan pada tingginya tingkat pelanggaran administratif, lemahnya pengawasan, serta kerugian ekonomi akibat praktik perikanan yang tidak sesuai aturan. Urgensi penelitian ini terletak pada kebutuhan mendesak untuk merumuskan strategi pengawasan yang adil, efisien, dan berkelanjutan guna mendukung tata kelola perikanan nasional. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan socio-legal dengan pengumpulan data primer. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kepatuhan masih rendah dengan angka pelanggaran berulang mencapai 38%, dipengaruhi oleh tingginya beban biaya, kompleksitas prosedur, dan rendahnya pemahaman terhadap regulasi. Kebaruan dari penelitian ini terletak pada identifikasi empiris hambatan struktural, seperti tumpang tindih kewenangan dan rasio pengawas yang tidak ideal, serta pengaruh sanksi terhadap efisiensi usaha dan adaptasi pelaku. Kesimpulannya, sanksi administrasi belum sepenuhnya menciptakan efek jera dan membutuhkan pendekatan yang lebih terintegrasi. Rekomendasi utama mencakup penyederhanaan prosedur berbasis teknologi, penyusunan SOP sanksi proporsional, peningkatan kapasitas SDM pengawas, dan pembentukan sistem informasi terpadu untuk mendukung pengawasan yang efektif, adil, dan berorientasi pada keberlanjutan sosial-ekonomi masyarakat pesisir.
Pengelompokan Usia Warga Binaan dan Kepatuhan Hak Asasi Manusia dalam Sistem Pemasyarakatan Gusron Gusron; Syafri Hariansah
JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025): APRIL
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/julr.v8i1.11799

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the conformity of the age-based classification of prison inmates in Indonesia with human rights (HR) principles, evaluate the state's responsibility, and assess the potential use of Public Private Partnership (PPP) schemes in the development of age-based correctional facilities. The background of the research is based on the ongoing practice of housing juvenile, adult, and elderly inmates together in Indonesian correctional institutions, which contradicts Law Number 22 of 2022 on Corrections and international standards such as the Nelson Mandela Rules and the Convention on the Rights of the Child. The urgency of this study lies in the need to protect vulnerable groups and provide equitable, humane, and rehabilitative correctional services. This research uses a normative legal method with statutory, human rights, and international comparative approaches, supported by qualitative data analysis. The findings reveal a significant gap between legal norms and field practices, inadequate fulfillment of state obligations, and high potential for PPP schemes as an alternative solution. The novelty of this study lies in its multidimensional approach and its proposal to apply PPP in age-based correctional institution management. The study concludes that the Indonesian state has yet to fully fulfill its constitutional and international obligations concerning the treatment of vulnerable inmate groups. Therefore, it recommends strengthening implementing regulations, enhancing institutional capacity, reforming legal culture, and applying a transparent, human rights-based PPP model as a strategic solution.   Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kesesuaian pengelompokan warga binaan pemasyarakatan berdasarkan usia dengan prinsip-prinsip hak asasi manusia (HAM), serta mengevaluasi tanggung jawab negara dan potensi pemanfaatan skema Public Private Partnership (PPP) dalam pembangunan lembaga pemasyarakatan (Lapas) berbasis usia. Latar belakang penelitian didasari oleh masih terjadinya penggabungan warga binaan anak, dewasa, dan lansia di Lapas Indonesia, yang bertentangan dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 22 Tahun 2022 tentang Pemasyarakatan serta prinsip-prinsip internasional seperti Nelson Mandela Rules dan Convention on the Rights of the Child. Urgensi penelitian ini terletak pada perlunya perlindungan terhadap kelompok rentan dan penyediaan fasilitas pemasyarakatan yang adil, manusiawi, dan rehabilitatif. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, HAM, dan komparatif internasional, serta analisis data secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya diskrepansi antara norma hukum dan praktik lapangan, lemahnya pemenuhan tanggung jawab negara, serta potensi besar skema PPP sebagai solusi alternatif. Kebaruan dari penelitian ini terletak pada pendekatan multidimensional serta usulan penerapan PPP dalam konteks pemasyarakatan berbasis usia. Kesimpulannya, negara belum sepenuhnya memenuhi kewajiban konstitusional dan internasional dalam perlakuan terhadap warga binaan usia rentan. Oleh karena itu, disarankan adanya penguatan regulasi, peningkatan kapasitas kelembagaan, reformasi budaya hukum, serta penerapan PPP berbasis prinsip transparansi dan HAM sebagai solusi strategis.
Evaluasi Efektivitas Penerapan Uji Emisi Kendaraan dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Pola Perilaku Masyarakat dalam Perspektif Teori Utilitarianisme Alfi Assyifarizi; Maria Anna Muryani; M. Khoirur Rofiq
JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025): APRIL
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/julr.v8i1.11800

Abstract

The increase in air pollution in Jakarta caused by motor vehicle emissions poses a serious threat to health and the environment, prompting the need to evaluate the emission test policy as a control measure. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the motor vehicle emission test policy in improving public compliance, using the perspective of utilitarianism theory. The urgency of the research lies in the low level of public awareness and participation in emission testing, even though regulations have been implemented. The results show that the emission test policy has not been fully effective, characterized by low public participation. The main inhibiting factors include a lack of socialization, limited emission test infrastructure, and weak law enforcement. Although sanction-based policies such as electronic ticketing (E-Tilang) and progressive parking tariffs have shown temporary positive impacts, their sustainability requires persuasive and incentive approaches. The novelty in this research lies in the evaluative approach based on utilitarianism theory that emphasizes the balance between collective benefits and individual compliance in the context of environmental policy. This research suggests strengthening technology, stricter law enforcement, and integration of utilitarian values in this policy. With a more comprehensive approach, it is expected that the emission testing policy can improve air quality, reduce health risks, and provide welfare for the people of Jakarta. Peningkatan polusi udara di Jakarta yang disebabkan oleh emisi kendaraan bermotor menjadi ancaman serius bagi kesehatan dan lingkungan, sehingga mendorong perlunya evaluasi kebijakan uji emisi sebagai upaya pengendalian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas kebijakan uji emisi kendaraan bermotor dalam meningkatkan kepatuhan masyarakat, dengan menggunakan perspektif teori utilitarianisme. Urgensi penelitian terletak pada rendahnya kesadaran dan partisipasi publik terhadap uji emisi, meskipun regulasi telah diterapkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kebijakan uji emisi belum sepenuhnya efektif, ditandai dengan rendahnya partisipasi masyarakat. Faktor penghambat utama meliputi kurangnya sosialisasi, terbatasnya infrastruktur uji emisi, dan lemahnya penegakan hukum. Meskipun kebijakan berbasis sanksi seperti tilang elektronik (E-Tilang) dan tarif parkir progresif telah menunjukkan dampak positif sementara, keberlanjutannya memerlukan pendekatan persuasif dan insentif. Kebaruan dalam penelitian ini terletak pada pendekatan evaluatif berbasis teori utilitarianisme yang menekankan keseimbangan antara manfaat kolektif dan kepatuhan individu dalam konteks kebijakan lingkungan. Penelitian ini menyarankan penguatan teknologi, penegakan hukum yang lebih tegas, serta integrasi nilai-nilai utilitarianisme dalam kebijakan ini. Dengan pendekatan yang lebih komprehensif, diharapkan kebijakan uji emisi dapat meningkatkan kualitas udara, mengurangi risiko kesehatan, dan memberikan kesejahteraan bagi masyarakat Jakarta.
Restorative Justice as a Solution to the Press Crisis: The Urgency of Reform in the Indonesian Justice System Nuraeni, Yeni; L. Alfies Sihombing; Komarudin Komarudin
JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025): APRIL
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/julr.v8i1.11803

Abstract

This research aims to explore the potential implementation of restorative justice in the resolution of press offense disputes in Indonesia, with a focus on Law No. 40/1999 on the Press. The urgency of this research arises from the need to reduce the burden on the increasingly heavy judicial system and increase the effectiveness of media dispute resolution. In this context, restorative justice can be a more humane and efficient alternative to conventional litigation approaches. The scope of the problem includes the lack of regulations supporting restorative mechanisms in the Press Law, as well as practical challenges in implementing mediation in Indonesia. The main findings show that restorative justice can help restore social relations between the parties involved, in a more constructive way, rather than simply imposing punishment. The novelty of this research lies in identifying the potential application of restorative justice in the context of press disputes, as well as the role of the Press Council as a mediator in dispute resolution mechanisms. The method used in this research is legal analysis and comparison of legal systems in other countries, as well as a study of restorative justice theory and its application in press disputes in Indonesia.
Restorative Justice as a New Breakthrough to Reduce Recidivism and Promote Reform in the Criminal Law System Alfies, L. Alfies Sihombing; Yeni Nuraeni; Komarudin Komarudin; Karunia Karunia
JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025): APRIL
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/julr.v8i1.11807

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the application of restorative justice (RJ) in reducing recidivism in Indonesia, focusing on its effectiveness, implementation challenges, and potential development in the adult criminal justice system. The method used was a qualitative approach with interviews with judges, prosecutors, and mediators at the Bogor District Court as well as case studies of RJ implementation. The results show that although restorative justice (RJ) offers a more rehabilitative solution compared to conventional approaches, its application in Indonesia is still limited by a lack of understanding of legal officers, social resistance, and limited resources. For example, while in New Zealand the recidivism rate of RJ participants is only 17%, in Indonesia, barriers such as lack of mediator training and limited mediation facilities reduce the effectiveness of the program. This study concludes that the implementation of restorative justice (RJ) can reduce recidivism if followed by increased resource capacity, training of legal officers, and community support. The contribution of this research to science is to provide insights into the implementation of RJ in the Indonesian context, as well as suggest measures to overcome the challenges, in order to improve a more rehabilitative criminal justice system.
Implikasi terhadap Status Kepemilikan Hak atas Tanah dalam Transformasi UMKM Menjadi Perseroan Terbatas Perorangan Dewinta Sukma Wijaya; Isnaeni, Diyan
JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025): APRIL
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/julr.v8i1.11826

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the transformation of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) into individual limited liability companies and the legal implications on land ownership status. The enactment of the Job Creation Law (UU Cipta Kerja) introduces substantial amendments to Law No. 40 of 2007 concerning Limited Liability Companies, particularly allowing the establishment of a company by a single founder via an online platform, without the requirement for a notarial deed or minimum capital. This regulatory simplification facilitates the formalization of MSMEs into individual PTs, enhancing legal certainty and access to financial services. However, a critical issue arises concerning land ownership: individual PTs, as legal entities, are not permitted to hold freehold title (hak milik). Land assets used for business purposes must be converted to land use rights, such as building use rights (HGB) or right to cultivate (HGU), to comply with agrarian regulations. This change may pose practical challenges for MSME owners who previously held land under personal ownership. For instance, farmers or small-scale producers using their residential land for business must navigate land status conversion procedures, which can be complex and costly. This study, through a normative juridical approach, reveals a regulatory gap that may affect the operational continuity of MSMEs post-conversion. Compared to previous literature that generally emphasizes administrative ease, this study highlights the often-overlooked implications of asset restructuring, particularly in land governance. The findings underline the need for harmonized policies that support MSMEs' transformation while safeguarding their control over productive land assets.   Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis transformasi usaha mikro, kecil, dan menengah (UMKM) menjadi Perseroan Terbatas Perorangan serta implikasi hukumnya terhadap status kepemilikan tanah. Pemberlakuan Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja membawa perubahan signifikan terhadap Undang-Undang Nomor 40 Tahun 2007 tentang Perseroan Terbatas, khususnya dalam memperbolehkan pendirian perseroan oleh satu orang pendiri melalui sistem daring tanpa keharusan akta notaris dan modal minimum. Kebijakan ini mempermudah proses legalisasi UMKM menjadi badan hukum, memberikan kepastian hukum, serta akses yang lebih luas terhadap pembiayaan. Namun, tantangan muncul terkait kepemilikan tanah, karena badan hukum seperti PT tidak diperkenankan memiliki hak milik atas tanah. Tanah yang digunakan sebagai aset usaha harus diubah statusnya menjadi hak guna bangunan (HGB) atau hak guna usaha (HGU) sesuai dengan ketentuan agraria. Perubahan ini berpotensi memengaruhi operasional UMKM, khususnya bagi pelaku usaha yang menggunakan tanah milik pribadi untuk kegiatan bisnis, seperti petani atau produsen rumahan. Studi ini menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif, dan menemukan adanya celah regulasi yang dapat mengganggu keberlangsungan usaha pasca transformasi menjadi PT. Berbeda dengan penelitian sebelumnya yang lebih menekankan pada kemudahan administratif, penelitian ini menunjukkan pentingnya perhatian terhadap restrukturisasi aset, terutama dalam hal pertanahan. Temuan ini menegaskan perlunya sinkronisasi kebijakan agar transformasi badan usaha tidak justru menghilangkan kendali UMKM atas aset produktif yang dimilikinya.
Looking at The Legal Philosophy Regarding The Grabbing of Pantai Raja Customary Land R Mustar Lofi
JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025): APRIL
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/julr.v8i1.11845

Abstract

This study analyzes land conflicts in Riau Province, focusing on disputes among corporations, between corporations and local communities, and with indigenous customary law communities. These conflicts are triggered by environmental degradation, land encroachment, overlapping land claims, and administrative boundary disputes. The urgency of this study lies in its legal and social implications, including prolonged litigation, weakening of state authority, social unrest, and disruption of community livelihoods. Specifically, the research seeks to answer how land conflict resolution mechanisms in Riau can be made more effective, inclusive, and sustainable, with a particular emphasis on the conflict in Pantai Raja as a representative case. Employing a qualitative research method, the study examines legal frameworks, government policies, and empirical data from case studies to explore how customary land rights intersect with state-issued land use permits. The findings show that responses to conflict are often reactive, initiated only after public outcry or demonstrations. This reactivity stems from unclear governance structures, weak early mediation mechanisms, and minimal community involvement, which in turn exacerbate tensions and obstruct sustainable resolution efforts. The study contributes to the development of legal theory in agrarian law and conflict resolution by proposing an integrated and anticipatory conflict resolution framework. A structured collaboration model is introduced, wherein plantation companies cooperate with village-owned enterprises (BUMDes) under legal and institutional arrangements that ensure fair benefit-sharing, recognition of indigenous land rights, and participatory decision-making. This model aims not only to resolve existing conflicts but also to inform future policy-making and strengthen the legal framework for managing land disputes in Indonesia.
Penguatan Fungsi Pengawasan DPRD terhadap Tenaga Kerja Asing di Daerah Investasi Suhendra Sultan Al Alif; Abdul Rasyid Saliman
JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025): APRIL
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/julr.v8i1.11958

Abstract

This research aims to analyze the supervision of the presence of foreign workers by Commission II of the Bangka Tengah Regional People's Representative Council (DPRD) and to formulate strategies for strengthening supervision in order to protect the rights of local workers. The background of this research is based on the increasing flow of foreign investment in Central Bangka, which encourages the entry of foreign workers into strategic sectors, particularly mining and processing. This condition has given rise to various challenges, ranging from overlapping authorities, weak verification of foreign workers' competencies, to the suboptimal implementation of knowledge transfer programs. The urgency of the research lies in the importance of the supervisory function of the DPRD as a legislative pillar in the trias politica system to ensure labor accountability and social justice. This research uses a socio-legal approach with qualitative methods through interviews, field observations, and document studies. The research results indicate that the supervision of foreign workers has not been optimal due to the absence of an integrated information system, weak inter-agency coordination, and irregularities in the validity periods of foreign workers permits. The novelty of this research lies in the empirical analysis of the role of the DPRD within the context of local institutions. This research concludes that an integrated technology-based monitoring system, competency verification SOPs, and the formation of cross-agency teams are needed as strategic recommendations to strengthen the supervisory function of the DPRD.   Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengawasan terhadap keberadaan tenaga kerja asing (TKA) oleh Komisi II DPRD Bangka Tengah serta merumuskan strategi penguatan pengawasan dalam rangka melindungi hak tenaga kerja lokal. Latar belakang penelitian ini didasarkan pada meningkatnya arus investasi asing di Bangka Tengah yang mendorong masuknya TKA ke sektor-sektor strategis, khususnya pertambangan dan pengolahan. Kondisi ini memunculkan berbagai tantangan, mulai dari tumpang tindih kewenangan, lemahnya verifikasi kompetensi TKA, hingga belum optimalnya program transfer pengetahuan. Urgensi penelitian terletak pada pentingnya fungsi pengawasan DPRD sebagai pilar legislatif dalam sistem trias politica untuk memastikan akuntabilitas ketenagakerjaan dan keadilan sosial. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan socio-legal dengan metode kualitatif melalui wawancara, observasi lapangan, dan studi dokumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengawasan TKA belum berjalan optimal karena tidak adanya sistem informasi terpadu, lemahnya koordinasi antar lembaga, dan ketidakteraturan masa berlaku izin TKA. Kebaruan penelitian ini terletak pada analisis empirik peran DPRD dalam konteks kelembagaan lokal. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa dibutuhkan sistem pengawasan terpadu berbasis teknologi, SOP verifikasi kompetensi, serta pembentukan tim lintas lembaga sebagai rekomendasi strategis untuk memperkuat fungsi pengawasan DPRD.

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