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Meningkatkan Kualitas Prediksi Curah Hujan Musiman saat Fase ENSO Menggunakan Metode Bayesian Model Averaging (BMA), Studi Kasus: Pulau Jawa Muharsyah, Robi; Ratri, Dian Nur
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) Vol 45, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v45n1.2021.13-25

Abstrak. Ketika fase El NiÃ±o Southern Oscillation (ENSO), El NiÃ±o atau La NiÃ±a terjadi, Curah Hujan (CH) musiman di Pulau Jawa cenderung mengalami kondisi di Bawah Normal (BN) atau Atas Normal (AN). Oleh karena itu, prediksi CH musiman yang akurat menjadi sangat penting pada kedua fase tersebut. Model ECMWF System 4 (S4) adalah salah satu model prediksi musim yang dapat dipakai untuk menghasilkan prediksi probabilistik kejadian BN atau AN. Akan tetapi, kualitas dari keluaran langsung (RAW) model S4 masih buruk. Metode Bayesian Model Averaging (BMA) dipilih sebagai post-processing statistik untuk memperbaiki kualitas tersebut. Probability Density Function (PDF) prediktif BMA mampu menghasilkan prediksi deterministik dan probabilistik lebih akurat dari RAW model S4. Tingkat akurasi tersebut diketahui dari Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) dan Brier Score (BS) BMA lebih rendah dari RAW; RMSE Skill Score (RMSS), Brier Skill Score (BSS) dan Relative Operating Characteristic Skill Score (ROCSS) BMA lebih besar dari RAW, serta reliabilitas BMA menjadi kategori â€œsempurnaâ€ dan â€œsangat bergunaâ€ dari sebelumnya â€œtidak bergunaâ€ pada RAW model S4. Penerapan BMA mampu memperbaiki kualitas prediksi CH RAW model S4 sehingga prediksi CH musiman menjadi bermanfaat jika dipakai dalam pengambilan keputusan terkait kondisi iklim beberapa bulan ke depan, khususnya pada fase El NiÃ±o atau La NiÃ±a di Pulau Jawa.Abstract. When El NiÃ±o Southern Oscillation (ENSO), El NiÃ±o or La NiÃ±a phase is occurred, seasonal rainfall over Java Island tend to experience Below Normal (BN) or Above Normal (AN) conditions. Therefore, more accurate seasonal rainfall predictions are essential for both phases. The ECMWF System 4 (S4) is a seasonal prediction model which can be used to generate probabilistic predictions BN or AN event. However, the direct output (RAW) of S4 models such as rainfall prediction has poor quality. The Bayesian Model Averaging (BMA) is selected as one of the post-processing statistics to improve its quality. The predictive Probability Density Function (PDF) of BMA is able to produce deterministic and probabilistic prediction more accurately than RAW S4 models. The accuracy is known from Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Brier Score (BS) BMA that is lower than RAW; RMSE Skill Score (RMSS), Brier Skill Score (BSS) and Relative Operating Characteristic Skill Score (ROCSS) BMA that is greater than RAW. Hence, the reliability of the BMA is changing to the â€œperfectâ€ and â€œvery usefulâ€ category from the previous â€œnot usefulâ€ in RAW model S4. The implementation of BMA is able to improve the prediction quality of CH RAW model S4. As the result, seasonal rainfall prediction will be useful in making decisions related to climate conditions for the coming months, especially in the El NiÃ±o or La NiÃ±a phase over Java Island.

Efisiensi Pemupukan N Tanaman Jagung Manis akibat Beberapa Dosis dan Waktu Aplikasi Urea Menggunakan Teknik Isotop 15N Flatian, Anggi Nico; Febrianda, Adinda Rachmadhani; Suryadi, Edy
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) Vol 44, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v44n2.2020.93-100

Abstrak. Pemberian pupuk N dapat secara efektif meningkatkan hasil tanaman. Namun cara pemupukan N yang tidak tepat, dapat menyebabkan tidak efisiennya pemupukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dosis dan waktu aplikasi urea terhadap hasil, serapan dan efisiensi pemupukan N (15N) pada tanaman jagung manis. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret sampai November 2018 di rumah kaca dan laboratorium. Percobaan pot menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok pola Faktorial. Faktor pertama adalah dosis pupuk nitrogen yang terdiri dari 3 taraf perlakuan: (1) urea sebesar 60 ppm N, (2) urea sebesar 70 ppm N, dan (3) urea sebesar 80 ppm N. Faktor kedua adalah waktu aplikasi: (1) dua kali, (2) tiga kali, dan (3) empat kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar (50,7-54,4 %) N yang diserap tanaman jagung berasal dari pupuk urea (%Nbdp), sisanya (49,3-47,6 %) berasal dari tanah (%Nbdt). Pemupukan urea dosis 60 ppm N (ekivalen dengan 250 kg ha-1) menyebabkan efisiensi pemupukan N tertinggi (82,7%). Nilai efisiensi pemupukan secara signifikan menurun seiring peningkatan dosis urea, tetapi tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap bobot hasil. Dosis urea juga berpengaruh signifikan terhadap nilai %N tanaman berasal dari pupuk (%Nbdp) dan %N tanaman berasal dari tanah (%Nbdt). Sedangkan waktu pemupukan hanya berpengaruh terhadap %Nbdp dan %Nbdt. Efisiensi pemupukan N tanaman jagung pada penelitian ini adalah sebesar 55,6-82,7 %. Hal ini berarti sebagian besar pupuk urea (15N) yang diaplikasikan telah diserap oleh tanaman.Â Abstract. Application of N fertilizers can effectively increase crop yields. However, improper fertilization management, can cause inefficient fertilization. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of rates and split application of urea on yield, N uptake and fertilizer N (15N) use efficiencyÂ (FNUE) of sweet corn plants. The study was conducted from March to November 2018 at the greenhouse and laboratory. The pot experiment was designed using Factorial Randomize Block Design. The first factor was urea fertilizer dose: (1) 60 ppm N, (2) 70 ppm N, and (3) 80 ppm N. The second factor was split of application: (1) two times, (2) three times, and (3) four times. The results showed that most (50.7-54.4 %) of the N absorbed by corn plants came from urea fertilizer (%Ndff),Â and the rest (49.3-47.6 %) came from soil (%Ndfs). The rate of 60 ppm N (uquivalent to 250 kg ha-1Â urea) caused the highest (82.7%) FNUE. The FNUE value significantly decreased with increasing dose of urea, but did not significantly affect the dry weight yield. The rate of urea also has a significant effect on the value of %N derived from fertilizer (%Ndff) and %N derived from soil (%Ndfs). Meanwhile, splitting fertilization time only significantly affected %Ndff and %Ndfs. In general, fertilizer N use efficiency in this study was between 55.6% with 82.7%. This means that most of the urea (15N) fertilizer applied has been absorbed by plants.

Penilaian Spasial Potensi Risiko Ekologis Logam Berat di Lapisan Olah Tanah Sawah DAS Serayu Hilir, Jawa Tengah Sukarjo, Sukarjo; Zulaehah, Ina; Harsanti, Elisabeth; Ardiwinata, Asep
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) Vol 45, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v45n1.2021.69-77

Abstrak. Logam berat di DAS perlu diteliti untuk mengetahui tingkat cemarannya pada tanah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menilai tingkat kontaminasi logam berat di tanah sawah DAS Serayu Hilir. Penelitian dengan metode survey dilakukan dengan mengambil sampel tanah sawah pada kedalaman 0-20 cm. Distribusi lokasi sampel tanah dan risiko ekologis karena logam berat di lapisan atas tanah sawah DAS Serayu Hilir ditentukan secara grid. Sampel tanah dianalisis kandungan Pb, Cd, Co, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mn, Zn, As, dan Fe total dengan pelarut asam dan pengabuan basah. Analisis multivariat dan geostatistik dilakukan dengan menghitung indeks bahaya seperti geo-akumulasi, kontaminasi, beban polusi, dan risiko ekologis. Konsentrasi logam berat di lokasi penelitian adalah As < Cd< Zn< Cu< Cr< Co< Pb < Ni< Mn< Fe. Kontaminasi logam berat Pb, Cu, Ni, Cr, Fe, Co, Mn, As, dan Zn pada lapisan olah tanah sawah berasal dari kegiatan antropogenik, sedangkan kontaminasi As dan Cd disebabkan oleh sedimentasi geologis dan atmosfer. Tanah terkontaminasi tinggi (CF = 3-6) oleh Cd, dan terkontaminasi rendah (CF <1) oleh kontaminan Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Co, Cr, Cu, Zn, dan As. Potensi risiko ekologis termasuk kategori sedang pada logam kadmium, sedangkan logam lainnya tergolong rendah. Kontaminasi logam berat Cd dapat menimbulkan risiko ekologis dan keracunan manusia.Abstract. Heavy metal concentration in the watershed needs to be examined to determine the level of heavy metal contamination in soil. The study aimed to assess the level of heavy metal contamination in rice field at the Serayu Hilir watershed. Soil survey was conducted to collect soil samples from topsoil layer (0-20 cm). Distribution of soil sample location and ecological risk due to heavy metals at the top soils of the Serayu Hilir watershed were determined with grid bases. Soil samples were analyzed for total Pb, Cd, Co, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mn, Zn, As, and Fe with acid solvents and wet ashing methods. Multivariate and geostatistical analyses were conducted by calculating various hazardous indices such as geo-accumulation, contamination, pollution load, and ecological risk. Concentration of metals at the research site were in the order: As < Cd< Zn< Cu< Cr< Co< Pb < Ni< Mn< Fe. Contaminations of Pb, Cu, Ni, Cr, Fe, Co, Mn, As, and Zn were mainly derived from anthropogenic origins whereas, As, and Cd contaminations were mainly caused by geological and atmospheric precipitations. The soil was was highly contaminated (CF = 3-6) by Â Cd, and lowly contaminated (CF <1) by Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Co, Cr, Cu, Zn, and As. The potential ecological risk is moderate for cadmium, while for other heavy metals are classified as low. Cd heavy metal contamination can raise ecological risks and human poisoning.

Agronomic Performance and Economic Benefits of Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) Under Drip Irrigation for Sandy and Clay Soils in East Java, Indonesia Ranomahera, Muhammad Rasyid Ridla; Puspitasari, Arinta Rury; Putra, Rivandi Pranandita; Gustomo, Dias; Winarsih, Sri
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) Vol 44, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v44n2.2020.141-153

Abstract. Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) growth and production are greatly affected by water availability. The lack of water availability in sugarcane cultivation can be surmounted by irrigation. In performing irrigation, it is essential to understand the sugarcane crop water requirement and soil texture as they influence the irrigation efficiency. To date, drip irrigation is considered as the most efficient type of irrigation. This study aimed to investigate both agronomic performance and economic benefits of different irrigation methods for sugarcane grown in sandy (in Kediri) and clay (in Pasuruan) soils. The irrigation treatments were surface drip irrigation, sub-surface drip irrigation, and conventional irrigation, while the conventional irrigation through drains was the control treatment. The experimental design was a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. In sandy soil, both surface and sub-surface drip irrigation led to better agronomical performance yet the conventional irrigation showed a contrasting result. Sugarcane productivity under surface drip irrigation, sub-surface drip irrigation, and conventional irrigation were 81.29, 110.33, and 69.25 tons ha-1, respectively. Meanwhile, in clay soil, there were no prominent differences of agronomic parameters between all irrigation treatments. Sugarcane productivity under surface drip irrigation, sub-surface drip irrigation, and conventional irrigation were 79.03, 60.58, and 78.16 tons ha-1,respectively. The water cost used to produce one kg of sugarcane biomass under conventional irrigation, surface drip irrigation, and sub-surface drip irrigation in sandy soil were IDR 169, IDR 103, and IDR 87, while the cost in clay soil were IDR 443, IDR 218, and IDR 293, respectively.Abstrak. Pertumbuhan dan produksi tebu (Saccharum officinarum L.) dipengaruhi oleh ketersediaan air. Kekurangan air dalam budidaya tebu dapat dipenuhi melalui irigasi. Dalam melakukan irigasi, penting untuk mengetahui kebutuhan air tebu dan tekstur tanah karena kedua faktor tersebut mempengaruhi efisiensi irigasi. Hingga saat ini, irigasi tetes merupakan salah satu jenis irigasi yang paling efisien dalam pertanian. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui performa agronomis serta keuntungan ekonomis berbagai metode irigasi pada tanaman tebu yang ditanam di tanah bertekstur pasir (di Kediri) dan lempung (di Pasuruan). Perlakuan irigasi pada penelitian ini yaitu irigasi tetes permukaan, irigasi tetes bawah permukaan, dan irigasi konvensional, dimana irigasi konvensional yang diberikan melalui parit menjadi perlakuan kontrol. Desain percobaan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok Lengkap, dengan tiga ulangan. Pada tanah pasir, performa agronomis tebu pada perlakuan irigasi tetes permukaan dan bawah permukaan lebih baik daripada irigasi konvensional. Produktivitas tebu pada irigasi tetes permukaan, irigasi tetes bawah permukaan, dan konvensional di tanah pasir masing-masing sebesar 81,29 ton ha-1, 110,33 ton ha-1 dan 69,25 ton ha-1. Pada lokasi percobaan di tanah lempung, tidak ada perbedaan agronomis tebu yang signifikan antar perlakuan irigasi. Produktivitas tebu pada irigasi tetes permukaan, irigasi tetes bawah permukaan, dan konvensional di tanah lempung masing-masing sebesar 79,03 ton ha-1, 60,58 ton ha-1, dan 78,16 ton ha-1. Biaya air yang digunakan untuk memproduksi satu kilogram tebu dengan perlakuan irigasi konvensional, irigasi tetes permukaan, dan irigasi tetes bawah permukaan di tanah pasir masing-masing sebesar IDR 169, IDR 103, dan IDR 87, sedangkan di tanah lempung masing-masing sebesar IDR 443, IDR 218, dan IDR 293.

Penentuan Indeks Kesuburan Tanah di Sub DAS Dinoyo, Kabupaten Jember Romadhon, Muhammad Rizal; Hermiyanto, Bambang
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) Vol 45, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v45n1.2021.27-37

Abstrak. Kurangnya informasi tentang kesuburan tanah suatu DAS menyebabkan penentuan penggunaan lahan yang tidak sesuai dengan tingkat kemampuan dan kesesuaian lahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan: (1) menentukan nilai dan kelas indeks kesuburan tanah di sub DAS Dinoyo Jember; (2) menentukan satuan peta lahan dengan kesuburan tanah tertinggi; (3) mengetahui urutan faktor penentu indeks kesuburan tanah dari yang berpengaruh hingga kurang berpengaruh. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Oktober 2019 - Februari 2020. Penelitian berupa survey tanah dengan metode purposive sampling pada 18 satuan peta lahan (SPL), setiap SPL diambil tiga sampel tanah yang telah dikomposit. Pengambilan sampel tanah dilakukan pada kedalaman 0-30 cm. Parameter yang diamati antara lain; KTK, C-Organik, N total, P tersedia, K dapat ditukar , Mg dapat ditukar, Ca dapat ditukar, dan Al dapat ditukar. Hasil analisis tanah digunakan untuk penilaian indeks kesuburan tanah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai indeks kesuburan tanah di sub DAS Dinoyo berkisar antara 130-170 yang dikategorikan dalam kelas agak rendah hingga sedang. Nilai indeks kesuburan tanah tertinggi (170) dengan kategori kelas sedang terdapat pada penggunaan lahan kebun dengan jenis tanah Latosol coklat kemerahan (Inceptisols) serta kemiringan lereng 25-40% (SPL 9) dan pada penggunaan lahan sawah dengan jenis tanah asosiasi Latosol coklat regosol kelabu (Inceptisols) serta kemiringan lereng 15-25% (SPL 14). Urutan faktor penentu indeks kesuburan tanah dari yang paling berpengaruh hingga kurang berpengaruh berturut-turut adalah kemiringan lereng, jenis tanah, dan penggunaan lahan.Abstract.Â The lack of information about soil fertility of a watershed leads to improper land uses that did not correspond to the capability and suitability of the lands. This research aimed to: (1) determine value and class of soil fertility index in sub watershed Dinoyo, Jember; (2) determine land map unit (LMU) with the highest soil fertility; (3) Â find out the sequence of determining factors of soil fertility index from the more influential to less influential. This research was conducted in October 2019-February 2020. Research in the form of soil sampling with purposive sampling method on 18 LU, in each LU we took three composite soil samples. Soil sampling was carried out at a depth of 0-30 cm. The observed parameters included; CEC, Organic C, Total N, available P, exchangeable K, Mg, Ca, and Al exchangeable. The results of soil analysis were used to determined soil fertility index. The results showed that the value of soil fertility index in sub watershed Dinoyo ranged from 130-170 categorized in rather low to moderate grades. The highest soil fertility index value (170) with medium grade category is found in garden with reddish brown Latosol (Inceptisol) soil type and slope of 25-40% (LMU 9) and on field with association of Brown Latosol-Gray Regosol (Inceptisol) soil type and slope of 15-25% (LMU 14). The sequence of determining factors of soil fertility index from the most influential to less influentialÂ were slope, soil type and land use.

Soil Quality Dynamic and Rice Production of Three Different Rice Farming Systems in Sragen District, Central Java Province Sukristiyonubowo, Sukristiyonubowo; Widodo, Sugeng; Anshori, Arif; Riyanto, Damasus
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) Vol 44, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v44n2.2020.101-108

Abstract. The farmers realize that green revolution technology with high inputs is no longer sustainable, expensive and the yield decrease. Some farmers move to organic rice farming, semi organic, and the rest remain doing conventional rice farming. The research aim was to monitor soil quality dynamic and rice productions under three rice farming systems. This study was conducted in Vertisols at Sambung Macan Sub District, Sragen Regency. The treatments were arranged in randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatments was organic, semi organic and conventional rice farming systems. The results indicated that in organic field, the soil quality in 2019 was more superior than in semi organic and conventional in 2018 and 2017 and soil qualities of semi organic system was better than conventional in terms of soil chemical, physical and biological including soil pH, organic C and total N, P and K total, soil bulk density, particle density, soil porosity and permeability. Similar finding was observed for rice biomass productions in 2019. In 2019 the rice grains yields were 12.68, 7.43 and 7.0, rice straw were 7.25, 6.55 and 6.25 and forrice residues were 4.15, 3.20 and 3.15 tons ha-1 season-1 in organic, semi organic and conventional systems, respectively. Compared to the conventional system, the organic increased about 81%, 16% and 32% for rice grains, rice straw and rice residues, respectively. Compared to conventional, semi organic improved about 6%, 5% and 2% for rice grains, rice straw and rice residues, respectively.Abstrak. Petani menyadari bahwa green revolution technology tidak lumintu, biaya produksi mahal dan hasil panen menurun. Sebagian petani beralih ke budidaya padi organik, semi organik dan sebagian bertahan pada sistem konvensional dengan perbaikan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui perkembangan kualitas tanah dan hasil brangkasan padi pada sistem padi organik, semi organik dan konvensional. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada tahun 2017, 2018 dan 2019 pada tiga sistem budidaya padi di Kecamatan Sambung Macan, Sragen. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok, dengan tiga ulangan dan sebagai perlakuan tiga budidaya padi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas tanah pada budidaya organik pada tahun 2019 lebih unggul dibandingkan semi organik dan konvensional pada tahun 2018 dan 2017. Begitu juga kualitas tanah pada semi organik pada 2019 lebih baik dibandingkan budidaya konvensional. Hasil brangkasan padi pada budidaya organik tahun 2019 lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan tahun 2018 dan 2017 baik pada budidaya padi semi organik maupun konvensional. Hasil gabah, jerami dan sisa panen dari ketiga sistem budidaya padi pada tahun 2019 masing masing sebesar 12,68; 7,43 dan 7,0; jerami 7,25; 6,55 dan 6,25 dan sisa panen 4,15; 3,20 dan 3,15 ton ha-1 musim-1 untuk budidaya padi organik, semi organik dan konvensional. Dibandingkan dengan konvensional sistem, budidaya organik meningkat sekitar 81%, 16% and 32% untuk gabah, jerami dan sisa panen. Dibandingkan dengan konvensional, budidaya semi organik meningkat 6%, 5% and 2% untuk gabah, jerami dan sisa panen.

Pengaruh Aplikasi Trichoderma spp. Indigenous terhadap Hasil Padi Varietas Junjuang Menggunakan System of Rice Intensification Elita, Nelson; Harmailis, Harmailis; Erlinda, Rita; Susila, Eka
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) Vol 45, No 1 (2021): (Akan Terbit Resmi pada Bulan Juli)
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v45n1.2021.79-89

Abstrak. Mikroba telah banyak digunakan untuk meningkatkan hasil padi dengan System of Rice Intensification (SRI). Namun peningkatan produksi padi SRI menggunakan jamur Trichoderma spp. indigenous belum diketahui. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh isolat jamur Trichoderma spp. indigenous yang diisolasi dari berbagai varietas padi terhadap peningkatan hasil padi varietas Junjuang dengan metode SRI. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan enam jenis isolat Trichoderma spp. indigenous, satu kontrol dan tiga ulangan. Perlakuan: T0 = Kontrol (tanpa isolat Trichoderma spp.), T1 sampai T6 berturut-turut adalah isolat jamur Trichoderma spp. indigenous, diekstrak dari rhizosfer padi varietas Kuning Kurik, Pandan Wangi, Junjuang, Silih Baganti, Ketan Merah, dan Sokan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi isolat jamur Trichoderma spp. indigenous nyata meningkatkan tinggi tanaman dan jumlah anakan padi dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Aplikasi isolat Trichoderma spp. indigenous meningkatkan jumlah gabah per malai antara 52 sampai 110% dibandingkan T0 dan tertinggi pada T3. Persentase gabah hampa terrendah pada T3 (5%) dan tertinggi Â pada T0 adalah (32%). Berat gabah kering per pot tertinggi pada T3 (98,2 g) dan nyata lebih tinggi dibandingkan pada T0 (58,4 g). Berat 1.000 biji tertinggi pada T3 (20,7 g) dan terendah pada T0 (17,9 g). Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa isolat Trichoderma spp. indigenous dari rhizosfer varietas Junjuang (T3) memberikan pengaruh tertinggi terhadap peningkatan hasil padi varietas Junjuang dengan metode SRI. Terdapat kesesuaian isolat Trichoderma spp. indigenous dari rhizosfer varietas Junjuang dengan tanaman inangnya sehingga isolat tersebut meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman.Abstract. Microbes has been widely used for increasing rice yield under the System of Rice Intensification (SRI). However, the increase in SRI rice yield using indigenous Trichoderma spp. fungus is not yet known. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of indigenous Trichoderma spp. isolated from the rizosphere of various rice varieties on the yield of Junjuang rice varieties under the SRI. This study used a completely randomized design with six types of indigenous Trichoderma spp. isolates, one control and three replications. Treatment: T0 = Control (without Trichoderma spp. isolate), T1 to T6 were indigenous Trichoderma spp. isolated from rice rhizosphere of varieties Yellow Kurik, Pandan Wangi, Junjuang, Silih Baganti, Red Sticky Rice, and Sokan, respectively. The results showed that the effects of indigenous Trichoderma spp. application on plant height and number of tillers were significantly higher than those of control. Application of indigenous Trichoderma spp. isolates increased the number of grain per panicle 52 to 110% compared to T0, Â and the highest was at T3. The lowest percentage of empty unhulled rice was at T3 (5%) while that of T0 was 32%. The highest dry grain weight per pot at T3 was 98.2 g, and was significantly higher than that of Â T0 (58.4 g). The highest weight of 1.000 seeds was at T3 (20.7 g) and the lowest was at T0 (17.9 g). This study concludes that indigenous Trichoderma spp. of the Junjuang (T3) variety rhizosphere gave the greatest effect on increasing the yield of Junjuang rice varieties under the SRI. There seems to be a suitability of indigenous Trichoderma spp. isolates extracted from the rhizosphere of the Junjuang rice variety with its host plant such that the isolate increased the crop growth and yield.

Pengaruh Amelioran Partikel Nano Batuan Fosfat dan Jamur Pelarut Fosfat terhadap Sifat Kimia Inceptisols Cilembu, Jawa Barat Fajri Syahid Nurhakim; Pujawati Suryatmana; Muhammad Amir Solihin; Rina Devnita; Mahfud Arifin
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) Vol 44, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v44n2.2020.155-162

Abstrak. Inceptisols Cilembu memiliki potensi besar untuk pertanian khususnya untuk budidaya ubi jalar Cilembu. Rendahnya kandungan P-tersedia yang merupakan unsur hara esensial berdampak pada produktivitas tanah. Aplikasi amelioran partikel nano batuan fosfat dan Jamur Pelarut Fosfat (JPF) memiliki kemampuan dalam meningkatkan P-tersedia Inceptisols Cilembu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh amelioran partikel nano batuan fosfat dan JPF terhadap beberapa sifat kimia Inceptisols di sekitar Cilembu. Metode penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap Faktorial. Faktor pertama yaitu amelioran partikel nano batuan fosfat yang terdiri atas empat taraf, yaitu b0 = 0% (0 g), b1 = 2% (20 g kg-1 tanah), b2 = 4% (40 g kg-1 tanah), dan b3 = 6% (60 g kg-1 tanah). Faktor kedua yaitu JPF yang terdiri atas dua taraf, yaitu h0 = (0 g) dan h1 = JPF (10 g per kg-1 tanah). Parameter yang diamati: pH, P-tersedia, Kapasitas Tukar Kation (KTK), dan populasi JPF. Data hasil pengamatan dianalisis menggunakan analisis varians pada taraf 5%, dilanjutkan dengan uji beda jarak Duncan pada taraf 5%. Hasil analisis varians menunjukkan tidak terdapat interaksi antara amelioran partikel nano batuan fosfat dan JPF terhadap parameter yang diamati. Aplikasi amelioran partikel nano batuan fosfat berpengaruh nyata dalam meningkatkan pH dan P-tersedia. Penggunaan JPF berpengaruh nyata meningkatkan nilai KTK.Abstract. Inceptisols in Cilembu have a great potential for agriculture, especially for sweet potato cultivation. The low available P content, which is an essential nutrient, has an impact on soil productivity. The application of nano particle phosphate rock ameliorant and Phosphate Solubilizing Fungi (PSF) may increasing available P of Inceptisols in Cilembu. The research aimed to find out the effects of nano particle phosphate rock ameliorant and PSF on selected chemical properties of Inceptisols in Cilembu area. The research method used Factorial Completely Randomized Design. The first factor was ameliorant nano particles of phosphate rock application consisted of four levels, namely b0 = 0% (0 g), b1 = 2% (20 g kg-1 of soil), b2 = 4% (40 g kg-1 of soil), b3 = 6 % (60 g kg-1 of soil). The second factor was PSF treatment consisted of two levels, namely h0 = without PSF and h1 = PSF 10 g kg-1 of soil. Parameters observed were pH, available P, Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC), and PSF population. The data were analyzed with analysis of variance at the significance level of 5%, and continued with Duncan multiple range test at the significance level of 5%. The results showed that there was no interaction between ameliorant nano particles of phosphate rock application and PSF inoculation on the observed parameters. The application of ameliorant nano particles of phosphate rock significantly increased soil acidity (pH) and available P. The inoculation of PSF significantly increased the CEC.

Media Cair Berbasis Molase untuk Meningkatkan Viabilitas dan Produksi Eksopolisakarida Azotobacter Reginawanti Hindersah; Etty Pratiwi
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) Vol 45, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v45n1.2021.39-46

Abstrak. Inokulan bakteri pemfiksasi nitrogen (N2) Azotobacter umumnya diproduksi pada media bebas N untuk mengoptimalkan fiksasi N2, padahal Azotobacter juga mensintesis eksopolisakarida (EPS) yang berperan sebagai amelioran tanah. Fiksasi nitrogen dihambat oleh N anorganik sedangkan produksi EPS memerlukan N anorganik. Dengan demikian diperlukan komposisi media yang mendukung produksi EPS tetapi tetap menjaga aktivitas fiksasi N2. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendapatkan komposisi media cair Azotobacter berbasis molase yang diperkaya dengan asam amino sisteina dan serina untuk menghasilkan sel, EPS, dan N tersedia dengan konsentrasi yang sama dengan media anorganik. Optimasi media dilakukan pada fermentor 2 L pada suhu kamar dengan pengadukan 115 rpm selama 7 hari, kemudian inokulan cair disimpan selama dua bulan pada suhu kamar. Hasil penelitian menjelaskan bahwa pada hari ke-7, media molase 1% + NH4Cl 0,05% dengan maupun tanpa asam amino menurunkan populasi bakteri dibandingkan dengan media anorganik. Namun produksi EPS di media molase dengan asam amino menyamai kadar EPS di media anorganik. Setelah dua bulan penyimpanan media cair berbasis molase dengan penambahan sisteina 0,25% dan serina 0,1% meningkatkan populasi sel, serta kadar EPS dan N dibandingkan media anorganik, serta mempertahankan pH netral. Percobaan ini menjelaskan bahwa molase dengan NH4Cl yang diperkaya sisteina dan serina dapat digunakan untuk mengganti media anorganik untuk produksi EPS oleh Azotobacter.Abstract. Inculants of nitrogen-fixing Azotobacter are generally produced on N-free media to optimize N fixation. Nonetheless Azotobacter synthesizes exopolysaccharide (EPS) that has a function as soil ameliorant. Nitrogen fixation was carried out in the absence of inorganic N while EPS production was induced by N. Therefore, another media composition is required to produce EPS while maintaining N fixation. The purpose of this study was to obtain the composition of molasses-based Azotobacter liquid media with the amino acid cysteine and serine additives to produce cells, EPS, and N with the same concentration as that in inorganic media. The media optimization was carried out on a 2 L fermentor at room temperature with stirring at 115 rpm for 7 days, then the liquid inoculant was stored for two months at room temperature. The results showed that on the 7th day, 1% molasses + 0,05% NH4Cl media with or without amino acids decreased the bacterial population compared to inorganic media. However, the production of EPS in molasses-based media with amino acids was comparable to that in inorganic media. After two-month storage, molasses-based liquid media with 0.25% cysteine and 0.1% serine increased the cell population, and levels of EPS and N compared to inorganic media; and maintain neutral acidity. This experiment suggested that molasses with NH4Clenriched with cysteine and serine can replace inorganic media for EPS production by Azotobacter.

Respons Aplikasi Partikel Nano Abu Vulkanik dan Batuan Fosfat terhadap Beberapa Sifat Kimia Tanah Inceptisols Cilembu, Jawa Barat Pradhinto Dwi Nugroho; Mahfud Arifin; Rina Devnita
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) Vol 44, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v44n2.2020.109-116

Abstrak. Kandungan dan ketersediaan unsur P, yang merupakan unsur esensial, rendah pada Inceptisols Cilembu. Unsur P dalam bentuk partikel nano diharapkan dapat mudah diserap oleh tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh amelioran partikel nano (abu vulkanik dan batuan fosfat) terhadap P-tersedia dan kemasaman tanah (pH-H2O), serta kapasitas tukar kation (KTK) tanah Inceptisols Cilembu, Sumedang, Jawa Barat. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari sampai dengan Juni 2019 di Laboratorium Fisika Tanah Departemen Ilmu Tanah dan Sumber Daya Lahan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Padjadjaran. Metode penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap Faktorial. Penelitian dilakukan dengan inkubasi partikel nano abu vulkanik dan batuan fosfat dengan dosis masing-masing 0% (0 g), 2% (20 g per kg tanah), 4% (40 g per kg tanah) dan 6% (60 g per kg tanah). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak terjadi interaksi antara partikel nano abu vulkanik dan batuan fosfat terhadap P-tersedia dan kemasaman tanah (pH-H2O) dan kapasitas tukar kation (KTK). Partikel nano abu vulkanik dan batuan fosfat terlihat nyata berpengaruh terhadap P tersedia setelah inkubasi bulan pertama dan bulan kedua. Penggunaan partikel nano abu vulkanik berpengaruh nyata terhadap meningkatnya pH setelah inkubasi bulan pertama. Interaksi partikel nano abu vulkanik dan partikel nano batuan fosfat tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap nilai KTK.Abstract. The content and availability of P, which is an essential element in Cilembu Inceptisols. is low. P element in the form of nano particles is expected to increase P availability. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of Ameliorant nanoparticles (volcanic ash and phosphate rock) on P availability and soil acidity (pH-H2O) as well as cation exchange capacity (CEC) in Inceptisols Cilembu, Sumedang, West Java. This research conducted in January to June 2019 in the Soil Physics Laboratory of the Department of Land Science and Land Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, Padjadjaran University. The research used Factorial Completely Randomized Design. The study carried out by incubation of volcanic ash nano particles and phosphate rocks with doses of 0% (0 g), 2% (20 g per kilograms of soil), 4% (40 g per kilograms of soil) and 6% (60 g per kilograms of soil). The results showed no interaction between volcanic ash nano particles and phosphate rocks on available P, soil acidity (pH-H2O) and cation exchange capacity (CEC). The effect of nano particles of volcanic ash and phosphate rock was significantly affected by available P after incubation of the first and second months. The use of nano volcanic ash particles has a significant effect on increasing pH after the incubation of the first month. Interaction effect of volcanic ash nano particles and phosphate rock nano particles was not significant on CEC value.

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Abstract

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Abstract

Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

Contact

Reviewer

Google Scholar

Contact Name Laelatul Qodaryani

Contact Email jtibbsdlp@gmail.com

Phone +6285641147373

Journal Mail Official jtibbsdlp@gmail.com

Editorial Address -

Location Kota bogor, Jawa barat INDONESIA

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Contact Name
Laelatul Qodaryani

Contact Email
jtibbsdlp@gmail.com

Phone
+6285641147373

Journal Mail Official
jtibbsdlp@gmail.com

Editorial Address
-

Location
Kota bogor,

Jawa barat

INDONESIA