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INDONESIA
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim
Published by Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya lahan Pertanian
ISSN : 14107244     EISSN : 27227723     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/jti.v44n1.2020.19-29
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Jurnal TANAH dan IKLIM memuat hasil-hasil penelitian bidang tanah dan iklim dari para peneliti baik dari dalam maupun dari luar Balai Besar Litbang Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian. Jurnal ini juga dapat memuat informasi singkat yang berisi tulisan mengenai teknik dan peralatan baru ataupun hasil sementara penelitian tanah dan iklim.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 257 Documents
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THE CHARACTERISTIC OF SOILS WITH ANDIC PROPERTIES DERIVED FROM ACID PYROCLASTIC MATERIALS IN TOBA HIGH LAND PRASETYO, BAMBANG HENDRO; SUHARTA, NATA; YATNO, EDI
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) No 29 (2009): Juli 2009
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v0n29.2009.%p

Abstract

Soil with andic properties are generally found in Indonesian volcanic high land. To characterize the andic soils, six pedons derived from pyroclastic rock from Toba high land were studied. Properties of the andic soils from Toba high land were somewhat different from others andic soils in Indonesia. Results of chemical and mineralogical data interpretation showed that the andic soils from Toba were derived from acid pyroclastic rock. This indicate that andic soils in Indonesia not only derived fromintermediate to basic volcanic rock, but also from acid rock. The main problem of andic soils is in their high P retention. In the study area the P retention range between 34-95%, the soils are acid to very acid (pH 5.5-4.1), poor of nutrients, and some of them have very high Al saturation (>60%). Increasing exchangeable Al occur at pH 4 to 5, while the high Al saturation occur at concentration of exchangeable Al between 0.5 to 3cmolc kg-1. High value of P retention was caused by high content of amorphous materials, indicate by positive relationships between P retention and Al + ½Fe extracted by ammonium oxalate (R2 = 0,88). Clay mineral identification is needed to distinguis between amorphous and crystallin minerals that can be used as a basic of better soil management.
PEMUPUKAN K TANAMAN PADI GOGO PADA TANAH OKSISOL KANDIK DI LAMPUNG TENGAH (K FERTILIZATION FOR UPLAND RICE FOR A KANDIC OXISOL IN CENTRAL LAMPUNG) Sutriadi, Mas Teddy; Setyorini, Diah; Nursyamsi, Dedi
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) Vol 41, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v41n2.2017.91-100

Abstract

Abstrak. Penelitian kalibrasi uji tanah hara K tanah telah dilaksanakan pada tanah Typic Kandiudox di Kecamatan Wah Pangubuan, Lampung. Penelitian lapang menggunakan pendekatan lokasi tunggal dan terdiri atas 2 tahapan. Tahap pertama pada musim kering 2013 adalah membuat status hara buatan dengan pemberian pupuk K: 0 X (sangat rendah), ¼X (rendah), ½ X (sedang), ¾ X (tinggi), dan X (sangat tinggi), dimana X adalah jumlah K yang diperlukan untuk mencapai 0,3 cmolc kg-1. Tahap kedua pada musim hujan 2013/2014 adalah percobaan pempukan K di setiap status hara K yang dihasilkan dari tahap pertama dengan pemberian K: 0, 24, 96, dan 192 kg K ha-1 dari pupuk KCl dan diulang 3 kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengekstrak Morgan-Wolf, Mechlich, dan NH4 pH 7 tidak sesuai untuk menduga kebutuhan K tanaman padi gogo pada tanah Typic Kandiudox, sedangkan pengekstrak Truogh, Colwell, Olsen, HCl 25%, dan NH4OAc pH 4,8 sesuai. Diantara semua pengekstrak tersebut, pengekstrak Truogh dan HCl 25% sebagai pengekstrak terbaik. Kelas ketersediaan hara K terekstrak Truogh dan HCl 25% adalah rendah, sedang, dan tinggi dengan nilai masing-masing untuk pengekstrak Truogh adalah < 5,5 ppm K2O, 5,5-15,5 ppm K2O, dan > 15,5 ppm K2O, sedangkan untuk HCl 25% adalah < 86 ppm K2O, 86-265 ppm K2O, dan > 265 ppm K2O. Rekomendasi pupuk K untuk padi gogo pada tanah Typic Kandiudox dengan kelas status hara rendah, sedang, dan tinggi berturut-turut adalah 74, 37, dan 0-15 kg K ha-1 atau setara dengan 125, 60, dan 0-25 kg KCl ha-1.Abstract. Calibration of K soil testing was conducted at Typic Kandiudox soil on Way Pangubuan, Lampung. Field experiment applied single location approach with two steps of activities. The first step was conducted on dry season 2013 was to make artificial soil K status by adding K: 0 X (very low), ¼ X (low), ½ X (medium), ¾ X (high), dan X (very high), where X was amount of K required to attain 0.3 cmolc kg-1. The second step, conducted in the following season (wet season 2013/2014), was K treatment in each artificial soil K status by using K fertilizer: 0, 24, 96, dan 192 kg K ha-1 from KCl with 3 replications. The result showed that Morgan-Wolf, Mechlich, and NH4OAc pH 7.0 did not suitable to determine K requirement for upland rice at Typic Kandiudox. Extraction of Truogh, Colwell, Olsen, HCl 25%, and NH4OAc pH 4,8 could be used to estimate K fertilizer requirement for upland rice. Among the extractions, Truogh and HCl 25% were the best. The level of soil K availability extracted using Truogh were classified into: low (< 5.5 ppm K2O), medium (5.5-15.5 ppm K2O), and high classes (> 15.5 ppm K2O), whereas soil K availability extracted using HCl 25% were into: low (< 86 ppm K2O), medium (86-265 ppm K2O), and high classes (> 265 ppm K2O). K fertilizer recommendation for upland rice on Typic Kandiudox with low, medium, and high soil K availability classes were 74, 37, and 0-15 kg K ha-1 or equal to 125, 60, and 0-25 kg KCl ha-1 respectively.
COMPOSITION OF PHOSPHORUS FRACTION ON PEAT ADDED WITH MINERAL SOIL AMELIORANT AND P FERTILIZATION HARTATIK, WIWIK; IDRIS, K.; SABIHAM, SUPIYANDI; DJUNIWATI, S.; ADININGSIH, J. SRI
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) No 21 (2003): Desember 2003
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v0n21.2003.%p

Abstract

Most of P on peat is in the form of organic P. Composition of P on peat, especially organic P, is rarely studied. Therefore fractionation of P on peat is important to know the proportion of inorganic and organic P and available P. The aim of the experiment was to study the composition of P added with mineral soil ameliorant and P fertilization. The experiment was conducted in the laboratory of the Indonesian Center for Soil and Agroclimate Research and Development, Bogor. Two hundreds g peat dry weight (105o) added with mineral soil ameliorant in the rate of 7.5% maximum Fe sorption which is equal to 10.4 g pot-1. The mixture of peat and mineral soil (Oxisols) was then added with P fertilizer and followed by incubation for 4 weeks. After incubation, the mixture was fractioned for P. P treatment consisting of four P fertilizer sources that are Maroko rockphosphate, Christmas rock phosphate, Ciamis rock phosphate and SP-36. Four P levels are 25, 50, 75, and 100% of P sorption plus partial complete control, and replicated two times. Composition of P in this study that is readily labile, moderately labile, and non labile. P fraction determinated with sequential extraction based on the method had been used by Ivanoff. The results showed that peat from Air Sugihan Kiri, South Sumatrawas poor (oligotropyc), acidic, and low exchangeable K and ash content. Most of P on the peat was in the proportion of organic P (around 77 up to 95%) and the rest was in a small amount, inorganic P (10 up to 23%). The composition of P organic fraction showed that the non labile was relatively the same P proportion with moderately labile, meanwhile the readily labile was low. Source and rock phosphate level did not affect theproportion of organic P. The application of Maroko and Ciamis rock phosphates at the level of 100% of P sorption increased available P (readily P inorganic). Non-labile inorganic P proportion from Christmas rock phosphate was higher than those from Maroko and Ciamis.
KECENDERUNGAN HUJAN EKSTREM DI UNIT PELAKSANA TEKNIS PENGELOLAAN SUMBERDAYA AIR DI PASURUAN, JAWA TIMUR Hidayat, M. Dian Nurul; Indarto, Indarto; Askin, M.; Andriyani, Idah; Tasliman, Tasliman
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) Vol 43, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v43n1.2019.21-31

Abstract

Abstrak. Peningkatan curah hujan ekstrem dengan durasi lebih lama dapat meningkatkan frekuensi dan besar bencana hidro-meteorologi yang terjadi pada suatu wilayah. Hujan ekstrem dengan durasi lebih lama dan merata pada suatu wilayah telah menyebabkan kejadian banjir bandang pada beberapa kota di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis kecenderungan dan perubahan hujan ekstrem (2-harian) dan menggambarkan sebaran spasial kecenderungan hujan ekstrem ke dalam peta tematik. Data hujan dari 64 stasiun di wilayah Unit Pelaksana Teknis Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Air (UPT-PSDA) di Kabupaten Pasuruan (periode rekaman data dari 1980 ? 2015), digunakan sebagai input utama. Data hujan 2-harian diolah dari data hujan harian. Analisis kecenderungan menggunakan Uji Mann-Kendall, Rank-Sum, dan Median Crossing test. Hasil uji Mann-Kendall menunjukkan kecenderungan signifikan hujan 2-harian terjadi pada 12 stasiun. Hasil uji Rank-Sum menunjukkan delapan stasiun hujan mengalami perubahan hujan 2-harian signifikan. Berdasarkan uji tersebut secara keseluruhan wilayah UPT PSDA Pasuruan tidak mengalami kecenderungan perubahan hujan ektrim pada periode 1980 sampai dengan 2015.Abstract. Increased extreme rainfall duration can increase the frequency and magnitude of hydro-meteorological related disaster events. The extreme rainfall events with more prolonged duration have caused flash flood events in several areas in Indonesia. The aims of the study were to analyze the trends and shifts of 2-days extreme rainfall and to describe the spatial distribution of rainfall trend into thematic map layers. Rainfall data from 64 stations in the area of Water Management Unit (UPT PSDA) at Pasuruan (recorded from 1980-2015), were used as the main input. The 2-days extreme rainfall data was processed from daily rainfall data. The trend analysis used Mann-Kendall, Rank-Sum, and Median Crossing Tests. The Mann-Kendall test resulted in a significant trend of 2-days extreme-rainfall occurred in 12 rainfall stations. The Rank-Sum test showed that eight rain gauge experienced a shift. Based on these tests, we conclude that the overall area of UPT PSDA Pasuruan has not experienced the changes in extreme rainfall events from 1980 to 2015.
Variation of Peat Bulk Density and Carbon Density under Several Land Use Types I G.P. Wigena; Setiari Marwanto; Jubaedah Jubaedah
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) Vol 37, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v37n2.2013.101-110

Abstract

Abstract. Assessment of peat carbon stock is very important in the estimate of long term carbon stock changes and hence carbon emissions from peat soil. We studied lateral and vertical variation of Bulk density (BD), carbon (C) content, and C density of primary forest and drained peatland under several drained land use types, namely Acacia mangium, bare land, oil palm, rubber, and secondary forest. The study was done at Lubuk Ogong Village, Sei Kijang Districts, Pelalawan Regency, Riau Province from 2011 to 2012. Peat samples were taken at the distances of 15, 30, 45, 60, and 75 meter on transect perpendicular to the drainage canal on each selected land use. Another site was Sri Menanti Village, Betara District, West Tanjung Jabung Regency, Jambi Province, on two land use types, namely oil palm and rubber plantations and primary peat forest of Berbak National Park. Soil samples were taken at the distances of 10, 25, 50, and 100 m perpendicular to the drainage canal. The vertical variations of C-content showed a common pattern, around 54.29 ± 1.60% in upper (0-200 cm) layer, around 56.70 ± 0.37% in middle (200-400 cm) layer, and around 37.88 ± 16.33% in the lower (>400 cm) layer. In contrast, BD and C-density were high in upper layer of around 0.17 ± 0.03 and 88.26 ± 16.61 kg m-3; 0.11 ± 0.02 and 56.86 ± 16.61 kg m-3 in the middle layer and increased to 0.24 ± 0.10 g cm-3 and 86.59 ± 14.02 kg m-3 in the lower layer, respectively. The soil C-content under oil palm plantation was around 49.31 ± 0.89% in the upper, 52.63 ± 2.72% in the middle, and 44.55 ± 8.25% in the lower layer. However, rubber and primary forest showed a different pattern, with a high C content of 52.47 ± 0.85% in upper layer, 45.10 ± 7.67% in the middle and 35.72 ± 1.74% in the lower layer. The vertical variations of C-density was 68.8 ± 12.5 kg m-3 in the upper, 53.3 ± 25.2 kg m-3 in the middle, and 72.34 ± 19.4 kg m-3 in the lower layer. Under rubber plantation the C density decreased with depth where the upper layer contained 55.09 ± 5.73 kg m-3, the middle layer 48.71 ± 7.61 kg m-3 and the lower layer 41.19 ± 6.82 kg m-3. This variation and unclear pattern requires the whole profile measurement of C content and BD for the assessment of peat C stock.
Karakteristik Andisol Berbahan Induk Breksi dan Lahar dari Bagian Timur Laut Gunung Gede, Jawa Barat Muhammad Giri Wibisono; Sudarsono Sudarsono; Darmawan Darmawan
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) Vol 40, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v40n1.2016.61-70

Abstract

Subsurface Flow and Dissolve Organic Carbon (DOC) Pathways in a Forested Headwater Catchment K SUBAGYONO; T TANAKA
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) No 31 (2010): Juli 2010
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v0n31.2010.%p

Abstract

Soils under forested catchment are generally rich in organic matter, yet the role of organic soil layers in flow governing hydrochemical processes has rarely studied. Understanding the subsurface process and the role of rich organic matter at A horizon has been studied in Kawakami forestedheadwater catchment in Nagano prefecture, Central Japan from August 2000 to August 2001. The catchment is dominated by Inceptisols with 0.2-0.3 m of peat covering the soil in the riparian zone. Oak (Quercus mongolica Fisch) and bamboo grass (Sasa nipponica) are dominant vegetation in the catchment. The study is aimed to elucidate (a) can dissolved organic carbon (DOC) pathways be an indicator for tracing subsurface flow in a forested headwater catchment?, and (b) how does flushing effect the dynamic of DOC concentration?. Hydrometric and dynamic behavior of DOC as well as its variation were recorded in atransect across hillslope and riparian zone. The results showed that DOC has a specific trend across the riparian and the hillslope areas. During baseflow condition, DOC decreased with depth and away from the stream channel. The change in DOC concentration was clearly controlled by the flow pattern. In the near surface riparian, where the lateral flow was relatively steady and sustained in the direction of the stream, may facilitate theflushing high concentration of DOC. In the riparian zone, DOC concentration at the surface horizons of 0.3 and 0.6 m depth tend to decrease near the peak storm, which attributed to flushing of its high concentration. Under the three components mixing model involving the near surface riparian, the deep riparian groundwater, and the hillslope soil water contributing to stormrunoff, DOC was in concave clockwise rotation with positive trend correspond to Evans and Davies (1998) case in which CNSR > CHSW > CDRG (C2 model). This was well confirmed with (a) the hydrochemistry data in which the concentration of DOC was higher in the near surface riparian zones, and (b) the hydrometric data in which the highest contributor to the storm runoff was the near surface riparian. The C2 model is the highest level offlushing in the sequence proposed by Evans and Davies (1998) confirming the highest control of the near surface riparian zone on the stream DOC concentrations.
Pengaruh Kerapatan Akar, Pupuk, dan Kedalaman Muka Air Tanah terhadap Emisi CO2 dari Tanah Gambut pada Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit Setiari Marwanto; Supiandi Sabiham; Untung Sudadi; Fahmuddin Agus
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) Vol 37, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v37n1.2013.9-18

Abstract

The Effects of Drying and Wetting on the Soil Chemical Properties of Acid Sulphate Soils of Kalimantan M. NOOR; A. MAAS; T. NOTOHADIKUSUMO
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) No 27 (2008): Juli 2008
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v0n27.2008.%p

Abstract

This research aimed to study the effects of land reclamation (drying, wetting, flushing, and leaching) on the change of soil chemical properties of acid sulphate soils from Kalimantan. Randomized Complete Design (RCD) by two factors treatments with two replications is used in this research. Factor I was soil reactiveness that is define as (a) low reactive= R1; (b)moderate reactive =R2; (c) strong reactive= R3, and (d) very strong reactive= R4 respectively. Factor II was drying, wetting, and diluting that is define as (1) drying continuously after wetting = W1, (2) wetting continuously = W2; (3) drying after weeting and diluting =W3; and (4) wetting and diluting. The result of experiments show that continuous drying after wetting (W1) and drying after wetting and diluting (W3) or continuous weeting (W2) gave soils pH lower than the weeting and diluting (W4).Dried on the strong reactive soils (R4) not decrease soil pH significantly. The continouos drying after wetting (W1) can increase EC (electrical conductivity) higher than the continous wetting (W2) and wetting that followed diluting (W4) or drying after wetting and diluting (W3). The continouos wetting (W2) and the continouos drying after wetting (W1) has given the total soluble acidity of 63,30 dan 61,71 cmolc kg-1 respectively, higher than drying after wetting and diluting (W3) and wetting thatfollowed diluting (W4) that given total soluble acidity of 54,03 and 51,95 cmolc kg-1 respectively. The effects of drying, wetting, flushing, and leaching on the total soluble acidity, Soluble Al and soluble H, especially on the strong reactive soils are very significant. All of the exchangeble bases (Ca, Mg, K, Na) on the continouos drying after wetting (W1) are lower than the continous wetting (W2) and wetting that followed diluting (W4)or drying after wetting and diluting (W3) respectively. The continouos drying after wetting (W1), the continous wetting (W2) and wetting that follow diluting (W4) or drying after wetting and diluting (W3) decrease exchangable Mg, especially on strong reactive soils (R4), but contradictive to low reactive soils (R1). The continouos drying after wetting (W1) increase exchangable Na, especially on low reactive soils (R1), but the wetting that followed diluting (W3, W4) decreases exchangable Na.
Sifat Tanah pada Tegakan Vegetasi yang Berbeda di Kebun Raya Purwodadi Febrina Artauli Siahaan; Rony Irawanto; Apriyono Rahadiantoro; Ilham Kurnia Abiwijaya
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) Vol 42, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v42n2.2018.91-98

Abstract

Abstrak. Lapisan tanah bagian atas merupakan lapisan yang rentan mengalami perubahan. Tingginya keberagaman tumbuhan yang menanungi tanah di Kebun Purwodadi dapat menyebabkan perbedaan sifat fisika dan kimia tanah meski pada luasan dan landuse yang sama. Penelitan yang dilaksanakan pada tahun 2015 ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh tegakan vegetasi terhadap sifat tanah lapisan atas Pemahaman tentang perbedaan sifat tanah dapat membantu untuk mengetahui pengelolaan tanah yang tepat. Metode pengambilan sampel tanah yang digunakan adalah purposive random sampling pada 27 plot dengan 3 ulangan. Sampel tanah diambil dari lapisan olah tanah dengan jeluk 0-20 cm. Setiap plot terdiri dari keluarga tumbuhan yang berbeda. Parameter yang diukur adalah Tekstur Tanah, pH Tanah, Kandungan Karbon Organik, Total N, P, K, Ca, Na, Mg, Kapasitas Tukar Kation (KTK) dan Kejenuhan Basa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa plot Clusiaceae, Gymnospermae, Arboretum dan Mahoni merupakan tanah yang paling subur dilihat dari kandungan hara tanah. Nilai pH dan kejenuhan basa dipengaruhi oleh ground cover dan C-organik dipengaruhi oleh tutupan kanopi vegetasi atas. Kadar Ca, Na, Mg pada setiap plot bervariasi dari sangat rendah sampai yang sangat tinggi. KTK sebesar 22,38-44,18 me/100g sementara Kalium (K) pada menjadi faktor pembatas pada setiap plot karena kadar yang sangat rendah.Abstract. Topsoil is a susceptible layer that can easily change in its properties. The diversity of plants that shades the Purwodadi Garden’s soil can affect soil physical and chemical properties, even in the same area and landuse. The research carried out in 2015 aims to determine the effect of vegetation stand on the topsoil properties. Understanding the relationship between vegetation stands and soil properties is important in developing the proper soil management system. Soil sampling method used was purposive random sampling on 27 plots with 3 replications. Soil samples were taken from the top 0-20 cm of soils. Parameters measured were Soil Texture, Soil pH, organic carbon content, Total N, P, K, Ca, Na, Mg, Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) and Base saturation. The results showed that the plots of Clusiaceae, Gymnosperms, Arboretum and Mahogany had the most fertile soils as shown by the nutrient content. Soil pH values and base saturations were affected by the ground cover, meanwhile soil organic C content is affected by the percentage of vegetation canopy. Total nitrogen content was 0.16 to 0.39% and phosphorus content was 2.26 to 13.80%. Ca, Na, Mg contents in each plot varied from very low to very high. The range of CEC values was 22.38-44.18 me/100g while the Potassium (K) was the limiting factor in each plot due to the very low content.

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