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Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx Journal)
Published by Budapest International Research and Critics University Journal
ISSN : 26557835     EISSN : 26557827     DOI : DOI: https://doi.org/10.33258/birex
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture, Engineering,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Physics Transportation
Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx-Journal) is a peer reviewed journal published in January, April, July, October welcome research paper in Medical Science, Agriculture Science, Biological Science, Engineering Science and other related areas and it is published in both online and printed version
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Material (semua kategori) - Ilmu Material (Lain-Lain)
Articles 276 Documents
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Dynamics of Sagittarius A: Examining Accretion Flow Elongation around the Milky Way’s Central Black Hole Goshu, Belay Sitotaw
Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx) Journal Vol 6, No 4 (2024): Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences, October
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birex.v6i4.8002

Abstract

The dynamics surrounding Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*), the supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way, are thoroughly examined in this paper. The study investigates key parameters, including the density of accretion flow particles at varying radial distances, which reveal detailed insights into the structure and stability of the inflowing material. The velocity field surrounding Sgr A* demonstrates the acceleration patterns within the accretion disk, significantly influenced by the gravitational potential of the black hole. The overall density profile of the Milky Way’s central region, derived from accretion rates, further emphasizes the unique low-accretion characteristics of Sgr A*. Gravitational modeling illustrates the potential distribution and its effects on accretion flow distribution, enhancing our understanding of how matter behaves under extreme gravitational forces. Through histogram analysis of image data, we map the density variations around Sgr A*, revealing high-density regions and potential hotspots. Additional image processing identifies and isolates Sgr A*, allowing for a focused examination of its immediate environment. Lastly, the color cluster analysis relative to chemical abundances provides insights into the elemental composition near Sgr A*, and 3D surface plots and heatmaps depict the spatial structure and intensity distribution of galaxy clusters. Collectively, these findings enhance our understanding of black hole accretion mechanics, the impact of gravitational and magnetic forces, and the broader galactic ecology surrounding Sgr A*.
Cosmochemistry: Exploring the Origins and Distribution of Elemental Abundances in the Universe Goshu, Belay Sitotaw
Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx) Journal Vol 7, No 1 (2025): Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences, January
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birex.v7i1.8018

Abstract

This study explores the spectrum analysis of celestial objects within the wavelength range of 1000 nm to 2400 nm, focusing on its application in understanding the chemical and thermal evolution of the universe. The emergence of light elements like hydrogen and helium was made possible by primordial nucleosynthesis, which took place not long after the Big Bang and provided vital evidence in favor of the Big Bang theory. The production of heavier elements in stars is known as stellar nucleosynthesis, and this process is thoroughly studied. The significant factor in the various nucleosynthetic processes placed within stars is temperature. The study also delves into the galactic chemical evolution, tracing the enrichment of elements like carbon, oxygen, and iron over time through repeated cycles of star formation and stellar death. The research highlights how temperature evolution in galactic chemical processes influences star formation and cooling mechanisms, impacting the overall chemical composition of galaxies. The spectrum analysis in the near-infrared range allows for the findings of these processes even in dust-enshrouded regions, offering deeper insights into stellar and galactic evolution. These findings contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of how the universe's chemical and thermal makeup has changed since its inception.
Mineralogical determination of Bemololo, Miandrivazo and Analavory clays by X-ray diffraction for applications Elidon, Ramahandry Jean; Baholy, Robijaona Rahelivololoniaina; Andrianirina, Randriantsimbazafy; Wega, Razafindramanga Athou; Rokiman, Letsara; Rija, Rabearisoa Solotiana; Ngbolua, Koto-te-Nyiwa; Aurélien, Mandimbiiharison
Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx) Journal Vol 6, No 3 (2024): Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences, July
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birex.v6i3.7974

Abstract

After characterizing the clay minerals from the Bemololo (BMLL), Miandrivazo (MNDV), and Analavory (ANLV) deposits using X-ray diffraction (XRD), dye absorption experiments and photochemical screening analyses were conducted to determine the potential applications for each clay. XRD analysis revealed that the Bemololo deposit comprises the following mineral compositions: BMLL 001 is rich in muscovite; BMLL 002 contains a mixture of vermiculite, sepiolite, and amphibole; BMLL 003 is composed of kaolinite and chlorite; and BMLL 004 is predominantly kaolinite. For the Miandrivazo deposit, MNDV 001 is a mixture of kaolinite, muscovite, and chlorite; MNDV 002 contains chlorite and muscovite; and MNDV 003 comprises kaolinite and muscovite. The Analavory deposit features ANLV 001, which contains aragonite and calcite, and ANLV 002, identified as vermiculite clay. Dye absorption experiments indicated that BMLL 001, BMLL 002, and BMLL 003 have potential applications in water treatment, particularly in the removal of unwanted dyes or ions. Additionally, photochemical screening revealed the presence of deoxyose in BMLL 004, while BMLL 002, ANLV 002, and ANLV 001 were found to contain tannins.
The Role of Magnetic Fields in Regulating Galaxy Cluster Interactions Goshu, Belay Sitotaw
Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx) Journal Vol 6, No 4 (2024): Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences, October
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birex.v6i4.8003

Abstract

Witness the universe evolve in real-time through interactions with galaxy clusters, and colossal structures. In this work, we aim to explore the role of energy distribution and density in disturbed galaxy clusters. The study evolution of energy and density in two-dimensional systems using large-scale numerical simulations. The continuity, momentum, and energy equations were solved in a finite difference time domain to employ magnetic and gravitational fields. The results show that the density distribution is highest in the core and peaks at radii external to this, within galaxy clusters. Meanwhile, the energy density is shown to be reduced at the core and maxima radially outwards where it reaches a maximum around the outer limit of densities. This correlation shows how this gradient in the density modifies its energy distribution. These findings are consistent with prior simulation studies and theoretical models. In conclusion, understanding the dynamics and evolution of galaxy clusters requires understanding density patterns and energy distribution.  More intricate simulations involving extra physical processes like dark matter interactions and magnetic fields should be a part of future efforts.
Influence of organic, mineral fertilizers and their combination on the Renewing Power of Macabo in Kisangani, DR Congo F, Ramazani; F, A.Ngama; L, Okungo A.
Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx) Journal Vol 7, No 1 (2025): Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences, January
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birex.v7i1.8021

Abstract

In order to help solve the thorny problem of low availability and propagation rate in Macabo (Xanthosoma sagittifolia (L.) Schott.), given that a planted cutting yields only one plant for a new plantation after cultivation and harvesting, a study was carried out in Kisangani using two types of manure. It consisted in assessing the effect of organic manure (pig dung and decomposed cow dung) and mineral manure (NPK), as well as their combination, on Macabo's capacity to produce ex-situ rejections.The parameters studied were, respectively, the recovery rate of the mother cuttings and the number of shoots produced during the first eight weanings. The results showed that: (1) The recovery rate of mother cuttings was 100% whatever the treatment; (2) After eight weanings, the organic and mineral manure combinations produced more shoots, with an average of 32 and 30 respectively for T4 (pig dung + mineral manure) and T5 (cow dung + mineral manure). These results indicate that the number of offspring produced does indeed depend on the manures used; (3) The average number of offshoots per plant decreased during weaning for all treatments; The results suggest that this technique can be advantageously used to produce quality planting material for this crop in quantity and in a short time.
Analysis of Latitudinal Variability in Sunspot Numbers from 2014 to Present Cheiklu, Robel; Lakew, Eyoel; Ayalew, Anteneh; Goshu, Belay Sitotaw
Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx) Journal Vol 6, No 4 (2024): Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences, October
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birex.v6i4.7948

Abstract

The Sunspots, which are dark patches on the sun's surface associated with significant magnetic activity, vary in number and distribution throughout time and latitudes. Understanding these fluctuations is critical for forecasting space weather and studying solar dynamics. This study aims to examine the latitudinal variability of sunspot numbers from 2014 to the present, as well as relationships with latitude and time trends. Monthly sunspot numbers from 2014 onwards were investigated. Statistical techniques such as standard deviation, Pearson correlation coefficients, ANOVA, and geographic analysis were used to study the association between latitude and sunspot numbers. The investigation indicated a standard deviation of 44.01 for sunspot numbers, indicating high fluctuation over the study period. A slight positive association (0.05) between latitude and sunspot number was discovered, with a non-significant p-value of 0.548. However, a significant relationship between year and sunspot numbers was found (F-statistic = 105.98, p-value = 3.08e-55). Sunspot numbers fluctuated significantly between -20- and 20 degrees latitude, with peaks at -45 and -10 degrees. While sunspot numbers vary over time, their association with latitude is minor. The study highlights the solar cycle's main influence on sunspot activity. Future studies should investigate additional solar factors and expand the dataset to improve knowledge of sunspot dynamics and their implications for space weather forecasting.
Understanding the Influence of Geomagnetic Storms on Earth's Atmospheric Dynamics in April 2022 And 2023 Goshu, Belay Sitotaw
Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx) Journal Vol 6, No 4 (2024): Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences, October
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birex.v6i4.8004

Abstract

Geomagnetic storms, which were brought on by solar activity in the ionosphere and thermosphere, influence the dynamics of Earth's atmosphere. This study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the effects of geomagnetic storms on many components of Earth's atmosphere. After summarizing the causes and characteristics of geomagnetic storms, such as solar flares and coronal mass ejections, the paper looks at how these events impact Earth's atmospheric dynamics. It focuses on the effects of geomagnetic storms on wind patterns, atmospheric temperature and density variations, thermospheric heating, and ionospheric disturbances. The study shows significant differences in the electric field strength over the first ninety-six days of April 2022 and 2023. Following this point, the electric field's behavior shows distinct tendencies, with notable differences between the two years. In April 2022, there was a slower fluctuation in the electric field strength following the initial rapid period. It reached its pinnacle around day 104, after which it started to deteriorate. In this pattern, a minimum was observed around day 106. A distinct pattern, however, is seen in April 2023, with a minimum electric field strength recorded at day 110 dipping below -2V/m and a sudden increase to a maximum of roughly 2V/m by day 113. The observed relative variations in mean electric field strength further explain the differences between April 2022 and April 2023. A relative change of -385.86 V/m highlights significant differences in electric field intensity between the two years and highlights the dynamic nature of atmospheric and ionospheric processes. The components of the magnetic field investigation, which revealed relative changes for mean Bx, By, and Bz of -267.01%, -9366.67%, and 57.14%, respectively, are consistent with these results. Together, these results demonstrate the intricate relationships between solar activity, geomagnetic disturbances, and atmospheric dynamics.
Natural Radioactivity in Groundwater and Its Associated Cancer Risk Due To Ingestion of Water from Gambella Town, Ethiopia Goshu, Belay Sitotaw; Merga, Bikila; Cheru, Nega
Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx) Journal Vol 7, No 1 (2025): Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences, January
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birex.v7i1.8023

Abstract

Radionuclides, both natural and man-made, are the primary causes of human radiation exposure. These radionuclides can dissolve in water, enter the body via drinking water, and harm human health. In this study, five samples were collected from the groundwater resources of Gambella town. The specific activities of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K were determined in the samples using gamma-ray spectrometry and a high-purity germanium (HPGe) detector. The fatality cancer risk (FCR), lifetime fatality cancer risk (LFC), severe hereditary effects (SHE), and estimated lifetime hereditary effects (ELHE) in diverse samples. The findings show significant differences in FCR and LFC, implying that certain populations are more likely to get cancer. The SHE values, while lower, show the possibility of genetic consequences. ELHE ideals stress the need to address potential genetic repercussions in the long run. These findings are consistent with previous research, stressing the importance of continued monitoring and public health initiatives to reduce the dangers associated with radiation exposure. The study emphasizes the necessity of protection measures for vulnerable populations and ensuring long-term health results.
Assessment of Megaphrynium Macrostachyum (Benth & Hook) Planting Materials in Kisangani, D.R.Congo Mokikima, Louis; Litucha, L, Joseph; Ngama, Faustin; Nzawele, Dowiya B.; Okungo, Albert
Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx) Journal Vol 6, No 4 (2024): Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences, October
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birex.v6i4.7983

Abstract

This study aimed to contribute to the domestication of Megaphrynium macrostachyum by identifying the planting materials in order to avoid its disappearance, due to forests anthropic pressure. Planting trial of this forest plant species (M macrostachyum) in relation to propagation materials was established in two sites (Kisangani and Abunakenge), in order to identify the best propagation method for its cultivation which poses fewer problems of seed germination and regular of rhizome fragments sprout, survival rate as well as juvenile plants growth. The results demonstrated that, M. macrostachyum seeds were generally characterized by embryonic dormancy, thus leading to very late germination ranging from 6 to 7 months; while rhizome fragments present fewer sprout problems (1 to 2 months). Cuttings (rhizome fragments) proved to be the most suitable propagating material for M. macrostachyum cultivation, because it poses fewer sprout problems. However, its generative multiplication (seeds) is also possible, only there is a dormancy problem that need to be resolved.
Practices of fish farmers: techniques, characteristics, feeding, and type of aquaculture farming in the district of Antsirabe I Vakinankaratra Madagascar Rindra, Rabarison; Nicole, Ramanambe Ravelomanantsoa; Tahina, Rabeharitsara Andry; Ngbolua, Koto-te-Nyiwa
Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx) Journal Vol 6, No 4 (2024): Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences, October
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birex.v6i4.8008

Abstract

This study aims to explore the current practices of fish farmers, focusing on the different rearing techniques and the use of aquaculture environments in Antsirabe Vakinankaratra. In particular, the survey examines the management of rearing environments, the selection of species for rearing types, feeding and the characteristics of rearing environments. Many fish farmers notice significant benefits from their farming method. However, several problems persist, this situation, calls for training initiatives and financial support to optimize their production and ensure the sustainability of their activities.

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