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Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx Journal)
Published by Budapest International Research and Critics University Journal
ISSN : 26557835     EISSN : 26557827     DOI : DOI: https://doi.org/10.33258/birex
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture, Engineering,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Physics Transportation
Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx-Journal) is a peer reviewed journal published in January, April, July, October welcome research paper in Medical Science, Agriculture Science, Biological Science, Engineering Science and other related areas and it is published in both online and printed version
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Material (semua kategori) - Ilmu Material (Lain-Lain)
Articles 276 Documents
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5G Technology Deployment: A Thorough Examination of the Potential and Difficulties for Environmental Sustainability, Human Health, and Sociotechnical Systems Goshu, Belay Sitotaw
Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx) Journal Vol 8, No 1 (2026): Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences, January
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birex.v8i1.8130

Abstract

The introduction of 5G technology presents challenges in the areas of human health, environmental sustainability, and socio-technical systems, but it also holds the promise of revolutionary improvements in healthcare, industry, and connectivity. The purpose of this study is to assess the effects of 5G, pinpoint areas in need of further research, and suggest ways to minimize its negative effects while optimizing its positive ones. Statistical analysis, qualitative reviews, and quantitative simulations were all incorporated into a mixed-methods approach. Mathematical models simulated the impacts of 5 G on health (e.g., obesity risk), the environment (e.g., carbon emissions), and sociotechnical systems (e.g., the digital divide) from 2020 to 2025, using data from various sources. 5G lowers industrial downtime by 25% and improves healthcare outcomes by 20% through remote surgeries. However, it increases the risk of obesity by 30%, carbon emissions by 35.5%, and the digital divide by 137.9%. These effects are successfully balanced by mitigation techniques like screen time limits, the use of renewable energy, and rural 5G projects. 5G's benefits can be maximized through sustainable and equitable. To guarantee long-term societal benefits, its difficulties must be proactively mitigated. Adopt renewable energy for 5G infrastructure, launch public health campaigns, and form alliances to close the digital divide while continuing research trials on the long-term effects.
The Food Immunology for Asthma Patients Ibrahim, Nur Aifiah Binti
Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx) Journal Vol 8, No 1 (2026): Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences, January
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birex.v8i1.8135

Abstract

Diet can alter the immune bodily functions for its pro-inflammatory response. Another chapter for the stool and wastes to be in a healthy state. The keto diet is a refinery process for fibres and vegetables to reduce acidity and achieve the optimum level in achieving a high body standard. The food test tube is for the measurement of portion and a colorful dietary pattern. The most leafy vegetables are the least, and the most darker ones are for the digestive gut. The taste buds have enough pleasure in seeking the tastiness and depth of flavours. There is a food sensibility in rationalizing the time of the phase for the reactivity to take place in the body clock.   
Tunneling Through Barriers: A Quantum Leap Frog Framework for Conflict Transformation in Israel-Gaza Goshu, Belay Sitotaw
Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx) Journal Vol 8, No 2 (2026): Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences, April
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birex.v8i2.8153

Abstract

This study synthesizes quantum analogies superposition, entanglement, and tunneling—into the Quantum Leap Frog (QLF) Framework for modeling and resolving intractable social conflicts, with empirical application to the Israel-Gaza crisis as of October 2025. Drawing from quantum cognition, game theory, and social dynamics literature, the framework maps conflict landscapes as multi-well potentials, identifying trapped states like violent escalation minima (depth -0.6) and negotiation deadlocks (stability 0.87). Evaluations reveal QLF's advantages in non-linear strategy (0.9 score) and parallel interventions (0.85), outperforming classical diplomacy (0.4 efficacy) by 52% in simulations. Barrier analyses highlight ideological heights (0.9) and security dilemmas (0.8), with tunneling probabilities averaging 0.475 under current K=1.0, scalable to 0.68 via third-party boosts. Phased strategies, stabilization (0.8 efficacies), transformation (0.7), institutionalization (0.9 forecast 60% resolution by 2030, reducing recurrence 75% versus baselines. Ethical compliance averages 0.78, emphasizing human dignity (0.85). Trap networks entangle psychological (0.8) and historical (0.7) factors, explaining 85% non-separable actions. Overall, QLF heralds a paradigm shift, bridging physical-social ontologies for holistic peacebuilding amid 2025 quantum year advancements.
Mass Mapping the Cosmic Web: Insights from Redshift Dispersions in Supercluster Filaments Goshu, Belay Sitotaw
Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx) Journal Vol 8, No 1 (2026): Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences, January
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birex.v8i1.8146

Abstract

Understanding the large-scale structure of the universe, including galaxy clusters and filaments, is essential for advancing our knowledge of cosmic evolution. Redshift distributions and mass-velocity dispersion relations are key observational metrics used to study these structures. The simulations provide a valuable tool for replicating and understanding the dynamics of galaxies across different environments, but discrepancies between observed and simulated data. This work examines and analyzes the redshift distributions and mass-velocity dispersion relations of clusters and filaments. The goal is to evaluate the degree to which simulations accurately depict visible large-scale cosmic structures and identify areas that require development. It analyzed observed and simulated data for redshift distributions and mass-velocity dispersion relations in galaxy clusters and filaments. Statistical methods were used to compute the main parameters, including means, standard deviations, and correlation coefficients. Moreover, comparisons of log-log slopes between observed and simulated mass-velocity dispersion relations were conducted. While simulations effectively captured mass-velocity dispersion trends, significant differences in redshift distributions were observed, indicating gaps in the simulation's ability to model smaller-scale structures. These discrepancies highlight limitations in the current simulation models, particularly in accounting for non-gravitational forces. The results show that simulations closely match observed mass-velocity dispersion trends. However, the accurately reproduced observed redshift distributions have some limitations. According to the study, improving filament modeling and fine-tuning filament physics may increase simulation accuracy. The intricacy of filament dynamics is indicated by the weak association between velocity dispersions and filament mass.
Harnessing Solar Energy for Hydrogen Generation: Advances in Artificial Photosynthesis Goshu, Belay Sitotaw; Woldeamaueal, Melaku Masresha
Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx) Journal Vol 8, No 1 (2026): Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences, January
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birex.v8i1.8147

Abstract

Artificial photosynthesis offers a sustainable method for hydrogen production, addressing the environmental drawbacks of traditional methods like steam methane reforming (SMR). However, its commercialization faces challenges in efficiency, cost, scalability, and stability. This study aims to evaluate the performance, challenges, and commercialization potential of artificial photosynthesis, providing recommendations to establish it as a mainstream clean energy technology. The analysis includes visualizing STH efficiencies of PEC cells and photocatalysts, assessing scalability and longevity challenges, evaluating alternative catalysts, and analyzing environmental and economic impacts using Python-based visualizations like radar charts, bar plots, and line plots. Data from various systems and materials were compared against ideal benchmarks. BiVO₄ achieved the highest STH efficiency at 4.2%, but efficiencies remain below the 10% target. Scalability and stability issues are significant, with System C (Hybrid) showing a 22% efficiency loss after 12 months. Fe₂O₃ emerged as a cost-effective catalyst with a 30.0 mA/cm² per USD ratio. Artificial photosynthesis reduces CO₂ emissions by 18-fold compared to SMR and becomes cost-competitive by 2045. Commercialization gaps include cost (3 vs. ideal 7) and scalability (3 vs. 8). Artificial photosynthesis holds promise for a hydrogen-based economy but requires improvements in efficiency, cost, and scalability. Developing low-cost catalysts, enhancing stability, scaling production, improving efficiency, and increasing public awareness can bridge these gaps, with potential market readiness improvements of up to 25%.
The Scientific Evolution of Astronomy: From Earth-Centered Universes to an Expanding Cosmos Goshu, Belay Sitotaw
Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx) Journal Vol 8, No 1 (2026): Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences, January
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birex.v8i1.8149

Abstract

The development of astronomical models has been central to humanity's understanding of the cosmos, evolving from the ancient geocentric model to the modern-day heliocentric and elliptical models. This progression reflects the advancement of observational techniques and mathematical formulations, each model providing insights that led to a more accurate depiction of planetary motion. The purpose is to explore the historical shift from the geocentric to the heliocentric and Keplerian models, examining their impact on astronomy and the broader implications for scientific progress. The research employs a historical analysis of astronomical theories, supplemented with Python-based simulations, to visualize each model’s key features. The study finds that the transition from the Earth-centered view to a Sun-centered one, followed by the refinement of planetary motion into elliptical orbits, marked a turning point in scientific thought. The results demonstrate how Kepler's elliptical model offers the most realistic depiction of planetary motion and how the heliocentric model is humbler than the geocentric model with epicycles. The significance of these models in providing the groundwork for contemporary physics and astronomy is emphasized in the conclusions. The analysis encourages more multidisciplinary research and technological advancements in space flight to continue building upon these core concepts.

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