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Deny Efita Nur Rakhmawati
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English Letters Department Faculty of Humanities, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang Jalan Gajayana 50 Malang, Jawa Timur, Indonesia 65144 Phone (+62) 341 551354, Facsimile (+62) 341 572533 e-mail: paradigm@uin-malang.ac.id
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Paradigm: Journal of Language and Literary Studies
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang
ISSN : -     EISSN : 26228653     DOI : https://doi.org/10.18860/prdg.v3i1.8230
Core Subject : Humanities, Education,
Humanities Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media
Paradigm: Journal of Language and Literary Studies is one of the professional publications of the Faculty of Humanities, UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang (E-ISSN: 2622-8653). The journal presents information and ideas on theories, research, and methods related to linguistics and literature. It includes analyses, studies, application of theories, research report, and reviews in such areas as micro-linguistics, sociolinguistics, psycholinguistics, pragmatics, (critical) discourse analysis, language and culture, applied linguistics, stylistics, literary history, literary criticism, and comparative literature.
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 105 Documents
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THE REPRESENTATION OF UNCLAIMED EXPERIENCE IN MURATA'S EARTHLINGS Hilwa Izmi Rumatiga; Ahmad Ghozi
PARADIGM: Journal of Language and Literary Studies Vol 9, No 1 (2026): Paradigm: Journal of Language and Literary Studies
Publisher : Department of English Literature, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/prdg.v9i1.42364

Abstract

This article explores the representation of trauma in Sayaka Murata's novel Earthlings through its protagonist, Natsuki, who experiences sexual abuse and domestic violence from childhood. This research aims to analyze how hidden traumatic experiences are represented within Cathy Caruth's framework of Unclaimed Experience. This research uses literary criticism methods to explain the trauma in the novel. The results show that Natsuki's trauma manifests in five main forms: dissociation, emotional numbness, sensory disturbances, unspeakability, and cognitive confusion. These findings indicate that traumatic experiences never fully claimed by consciousness continue to resurface in fragmented and unconscious ways, shaping the protagonist's inner world throughout the narrative.
REASSESSING TABOO: RESHAPING THE PERCEPTION AND REORIENTING THE APPROACH Darin Rifda Malya Haq
PARADIGM: Journal of Language and Literary Studies Vol 8, No 1 (2025): Paradigm: Journal of Language and Literary Studies
Publisher : Department of English Literature, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/prdg.v8i1.39294

Abstract

This paper examines how Shaila Abdullah’s Saffron Dreams (2009) and Laila Lalami’s Hope and Other Dangerous Pursuits (2005) portray actions commonly labelled as taboo and invite readers to move beyond immediate moral judgment. Focusing on Arissa Illahi’s decision to remove her hijab and Faten Khatibi’s decision to enter sex work, the study argues that these actions should be read in relation to the social, religious, emotional, and material pressures that shape them. Using qualitative close textual analysis, the paper applies the frameworks of Muslimah narratives, Islamic feminism, and resistance to examine the protagonists’ conditions before, during, and after their decisions. The analysis shows that both novels situate transgressive acts within contexts of Islamophobia, migration, economic vulnerability, gendered expectation, and social exclusion. As a result, Arissa’s and Faten’s choices emerge not as simple violations of religious or social norms, but as complex forms of negotiation, survival, and constrained agency. The findings suggest that Abdullah and Lalami use narrative empathy to challenge reductive perceptions of Muslim women and to reveal the human complexity behind stigmatized actions. Ultimately, this paper demonstrates that both novels encourage a more patient and humane approach to interpreting taboo choices.
CODE MIXING IN WEBTOON COMIC SOEKIRMAN: RAMADHAN DI KAMPUNG HALAMAN AS A FORM OF JAVANESE LANGUAGE MAINTENANCE Yashinta Farahsani; Sri Ani Puji Setiawati
PARADIGM: Journal of Language and Literary Studies Vol 9, No 1 (2026): Paradigm: Journal of Language and Literary Studies
Publisher : Department of English Literature, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/prdg.v9i1.44418

Abstract

The increasing dominance of national and global languages has raised concerns about the maintenance of regional languages in multilingual societies. In response to these challenges, digital media have emerged as alternative spaces for preserving local linguistic identities. One such medium is Webtoon, a digital comic platform that enables the representation of regional languages within contemporary online communication. This study investigates code mixing in the Webtoon comic Soekirman: Ramadhan di Kampung Halaman and examines its role in maintaining the Javanese language in a digital environment. Employing a qualitative descriptive approach, the study analyzed utterances containing code-mixing phenomena involving Javanese, Indonesian, and English. The data were collected through observation and documentation techniques. The data were analyzed based on the sociolinguistic concept of code mixing (Bokamba, 1988; Muysken, 2000), while the classification of code-mixing forms followed Suwito's (1996) framework developed for the Indonesian linguistic context. The interpretation of the findings was subsequently informed by Fishman's (1991) theory of language maintenance. The findings revealed 37 instances of code mixing categorized into seven forms: basic words, affixed words, compound words, phrases, basters, reduplication, and clauses. Among these categories, basic-word code mixing was the most dominant form. The findings further demonstrate that code mixing functions not only as a communicative strategy but also as a mechanism for preserving Javanese linguistic visibility, cultural identity, and local expressions within contemporary digital discourse. The study concludes that Webtoon serves as a new domain for language maintenance by facilitating the continued use and transmission of Javanese linguistic elements to wider audiences. These findings contribute to sociolinguistic discussions on multilingual communication, digital media, and regional language preservation in the digital era.
INTERSECTING MARGINS: REPRESENTATIONS OF BLACK DISABILITY AND ECONOMIC PRECARITY IN SELECTED CONTEMPORARY AMERICAN LITERATURE Wahid Kaiser; Asadul Al Galif; Tamanna Ferdous; Md. Ziaul Haque
PARADIGM: Journal of Language and Literary Studies Vol 8, No 1 (2025): Paradigm: Journal of Language and Literary Studies
Publisher : Department of English Literature, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/prdg.v8i1.41028

Abstract

This paper examines the intersections of race, class, and disability in contemporary American literature through Toni Cade Bambara’s The Salt Eaters and Jesmyn Ward’s Salvage the Bones. It considers how both novels represent Black, disabled, and economically precarious subjects while challenging dominant narratives of normalcy, productivity, and social value in U.S. society. Drawing on intersectional feminist literary criticism and critical disability studies, the study employs qualitative close reading and thematic analysis to examine characterization, narrative voice, embodiment, and communal resistance. The findings suggest that both authors frame disability not as an isolated medical condition but as a social, political, and historical formation shaped by racism, poverty, gendered vulnerability, and structural neglect. Bambara foregrounds psychic distress and communal healing within Black political struggle, whereas Ward represents embodied precarity and survival amid environmental disaster and systemic poverty. Together, the novels challenge ableist and neoliberal assumptions by emphasizing care, cultural memory, interdependence, and collective endurance. This research contributes to scholarship on African American literature and disability studies by demonstrating the importance of intersectionality in literary analysis and by positioning literature as a crucial site for political imagination, resistance, and the revaluation of marginalized lives.
NEGOTIATING POLITENESS IN ENGLISH-MEDIATED HERITAGE TOUR GUIDING AT MANGKUNEGARAN PALACE Budi Purnomo
PARADIGM: Journal of Language and Literary Studies Vol 9, No 1 (2026): Paradigm: Journal of Language and Literary Studies
Publisher : Department of English Literature, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/prdg.v9i1.37610

Abstract

Politeness plays a central role in English-mediated heritage tour guiding, particularly in English as a Lingua Franca (ELF) setting where guides and tourists often come from diverse linguistic and cultural backgrounds. In such intercultural encounters, guides must balance cultural explanation, visitor engagement, rapport management, and mutual understanding. This study investigates how politeness is negotiated in guiding interactions at Surakarta Mangkunegaran Palace from a socio-pragmatic perspective. Data were collected through on-site audio recordings, field observations, and follow-up interviews with three professional guides. The findings reveal that guides employ a dynamic combination of politeness strategies, including hedging, softening, indirectness, humour, quiz-based engagement, and culturally grounded forms of Javanese politeness. These strategies enable guides to perform multiple roles as educators, entertainers, cultural mediators, and tour-flow managers while accommodating the needs of international visitors. The analysis further shows that politeness is interactionally co-constructed rather than realized through fixed linguistic formulas. The study contributes to politeness and intercultural pragmatics research by demonstrating how local Javanese values are recontextualized within ELF communication, producing hybrid forms of hospitality discourse. Practically, the findings highlight the importance of pragmatics-informed training for heritage tour guides working in intercultural environments.

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