Paradigm: Journal of Language and Literary Studies
Paradigm: Journal of Language and Literary Studies is one of the professional publications of the Faculty of Humanities, UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang (E-ISSN: 2622-8653). The journal presents information and ideas on theories, research, and methods related to linguistics and literature. It includes analyses, studies, application of theories, research report, and reviews in such areas as micro-linguistics, sociolinguistics, psycholinguistics, pragmatics, (critical) discourse analysis, language and culture, applied linguistics, stylistics, literary history, literary criticism, and comparative literature.
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93 Documents
<![CDATA[BACH'S DIRECTIVES IN MADELINE MILLER'S THE SONG OF ACHILLES ]]>
<![CDATA[Kamelang, Ikral]]>;
<![CDATA[Sugaryamah, Deuis]]>;
<![CDATA[Ardiansyah, Erlan Aditya]]>
<![CDATA[ PARADIGM: Journal of Language and Literary Studies Vol 7, No 1 (2024): Paradigm: Journal of Language and Literary Studies ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of English Literature, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang ]]>
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DOI: 10.18860/prdg.v7i1.26015
<![CDATA[The nature of directive speech acts is to make someone do something. The hearer responds to the speaker's utterances by carrying out particular actions. This study aims to find directive speech acts from written dialogue in a novel and then examine the types of directive speech acts. The object of this study was Madeline Miller's The Song of Achilles. The data for this study was analyzed using Bach's theory of categories of directive speech acts. This study employed a qualitative approach with a content analysis design. The results of this study showed that the characters from The Song of Achilles used all types of directive speech acts. Of the 293 data found in the novel, the most frequently used speech act was questions which had 93 data (31.7%). Meanwhile, the least used speech act was permissives with a total of 20 data (6.8%).]]>
<![CDATA[RESISTANCE, HUMANISM, AND ISLAMIC VALUE IN RATNA INDRASWARI IBRAHIM’S LEMAH TANJUNG ]]>
<![CDATA[Masadi, Muhammad Anwar]]>;
<![CDATA[Mansurudin, Susilo]]>;
<![CDATA[Halimi, Halimi]]>
<![CDATA[ PARADIGM: Journal of Language and Literary Studies Vol 5, No 1 (2022): Paradigm: Journal of Language and Literary Studies ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of English Literature, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang ]]>
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DOI: 10.18860/prdg.v5i1.15924
<![CDATA[Islam as a discourse of resistance is not a contemporary issue. Islam occurred to encounter injustice and oppression. Ratna Indraswari Ibrahim, an author with disabilities, cannot be detached from the strength of her era. She wrote a novel Lemah Tanjung as a form of resistance to her era. As an author, she experienced essential events in her life. This research concerned on two things: the Islamic value in the resistance in Lemah Tanjung and the value of Islam's veiled resistance. This study implemented Faiclough's critical discourse theory which incorporated three basic components in analyzing text.The method administered was a qualitative. The data were collected from the novel Lemah Tanjung. The results of the study revealed that there was a hidden meaning in the content of Islamic resistance encompassing issues for the general public. The series of criticalities contains a hidden meaning that requires to be unveiled. That people desire enlightenment, liberation and previous issues which are necessary to be discussed openly. In this study, polite resistance possesses a significant contribution in society.]]>
<![CDATA[PRAGMATICS DEIXIS ON TAYLOR SWIFT’S SPEECH AT NEW YORK UNIVERSITY ]]>
<![CDATA[Nisa, Siti Hayatun]]>;
<![CDATA[Rohbiah, Tatu Siti]]>;
<![CDATA[Asari, Asari]]>
<![CDATA[ PARADIGM: Journal of Language and Literary Studies Vol 7, No 1 (2024): Paradigm: Journal of Language and Literary Studies ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of English Literature, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang ]]>
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DOI: 10.18860/prdg.v7i1.28543
<![CDATA[This study analyzed the types of deixis, references of deixis, and factors influencing the use of deixis in Taylor Swift’s speech at New York University. The research employed Stephen C. Levinson’s theory and utilized a descriptive qualitative method with a content analysis approach. The findings revealed that the data were classified into five types of deixis: personal, spatial, temporal, discourse, and social deixis. The researcher identified 488 instances of deixis, with 277 (61.8%) instances of personal deixis, 37 (8.3%) instances of spatial deixis, 26 (5.8%) instances of temporal deixis, 85 (19%) instances of discourse deixis, and 23 (5.1%) instances of social deixis. It was observed that the dominant reference of deixis was personal deixis. The results indicated that each type of deixis has different references based on the context of its use in the speech. The factors influencing the use of deixis in the speech were social distance or sociality; status and power; formality; and the specific function of deixis. These factors interacted to shape the use of deixis in Taylor Swift's speech at New York University.]]>
<![CDATA[TEACHER’S CODE MIXING AND CODE SWITCHING WITHIN EFL ENVIRONMENT ]]>
<![CDATA[Kamaliah, Adistia Mursyidatul]]>;
<![CDATA[Amri, M. Misbahul]]>;
<![CDATA[Laksmi, Ekaning Dewanti]]>
<![CDATA[ PARADIGM: Journal of Language and Literary Studies Vol 6, No 2 (2023): Paradigm: Journal of Language and Literary Studies ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of English Literature, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang ]]>
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DOI: 10.18860/prdg.v6i2.23363
<![CDATA[This current study focused on identifying teacher’s code mixing and code switching within EFL classroom. A descriptive qualitative method was implemented using the concept of code mixing along with code-switching by Muysken and Romaine. The research results additionally demonstrated that code mixing and code switching have been employed in a variety of common classroom circumstances, including introducing the material, discussing the material, posing questions, and concluding the material. The instructor performed two sorts of code mixing: insertion and alternation. Besides, inter-sentential switching along with tag switching or emblematic switching are both kinds of code-switching utilized by the instructor within EFL classroom. As a result, code mixing and code switching pedagogical strategy is highly suggested in bilingual or multilingual classroom to simplify the process of instruction and learning where code mixing along with code-switching are implemented in several typical classroom situations.]]>
<![CDATA[THE SPIRIT OF CHARACTER EDUCATION PRESENTED IN MISS GRAYLING’S POLITENESS STRATEGIES ]]>
<![CDATA[Kartika Widiastuti, Maria]]>;
<![CDATA[Bram, Barli]]>
<![CDATA[ PARADIGM: Journal of Language and Literary Studies Vol 7, No 1 (2024): Paradigm: Journal of Language and Literary Studies ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of English Literature, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang ]]>
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DOI: 10.18860/prdg.v7i1.27164
<![CDATA[Centering students’ life on character education which cultivates virtue is approachable by politeness strategies that transform threatening utterances into something empowering and more appropriate. Therefore, this study investigates politeness strategies used by Miss Grayling in The Second Form at Malory Towers written by Enid Blyton, as the principal, who instill students’ good character by highlighting their potential and making the suggestion less offensive and aims to connect linguistic concept implication with real issues in education. In answering the research question “How do Miss Grayling’s politeness strategies have roles in emphasizing character education?” and “What are the purposes of politeness strategies used by Miss Grayling?” Qualitative content analysis is employed by dissecting the specific parts to make categorization according to Brown and Levinson’s Politeness Strategies before data analysis. The results show that Miss Grayling uses giving gifts, asking for a reason, being optimistic, hedging/questioning, and impersonalizing to emphasize the value of character education by emphasizing the institution’s generation in educating students, motivating students to use her positive side, encouraging honesty and responsibility, highlighting students’ character aside from score result, and emphasizing the importance of wisdom.]]>
<![CDATA[PERSONAL PRONOUN ERRORS IN TRANSLATING SIMPLE SENTENCES FROM BAHASA INDONESIA TO ENGLISH ]]>
<![CDATA[Sari, Fenti Pratama]]>;
<![CDATA[Maisarah, Ira]]>
<![CDATA[ PARADIGM: Journal of Language and Literary Studies Vol 5, No 1 (2022): Paradigm: Journal of Language and Literary Studies ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of English Literature, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang ]]>
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DOI: 10.18860/prdg.v5i1.15942
<![CDATA[The ultimate objectives of this research were to find out the kinds of English personal pronouns errors in translating simple sentences from Bahasa Indonesia to English and the most dominant errors made by the students in the tenth grade of SMKS Agro Maritim Muhammadiyah Bengkulu in using a personal pronoun. This study employs the descriptive-qualitative method. This research has conducted the students in the tenth grade of SMKS Agro Maritim Muhammadiyah Bengkulu in the academic year of 2021/2022, consisting of 13 students. The first result of this research displays that the students made errors in using four types of personal pronouns. They are personal pronouns as possessive adjectives, personal pronouns as an object, personal pronouns as subject, and personal pronouns as possessive pronouns. The second result showed that the most dominant error made by the students in using personal pronouns is possessive adjectives. The findings indicate that the students in the tenth grade of SMKS Agro Maritim Muhammadiyah Bengkulu face the problem of the personal pronoun.]]>
<![CDATA[INTERSECTIONALITY AND OPPRESSION IN R. F. KUANG’S THE POPPY WAR NOVEL ]]>
<![CDATA[Jannah, Sifani Syarifatul]]>;
<![CDATA[Istiadah, Istiadah]]>;
<![CDATA[Jaafar, Noornajihan]]>
<![CDATA[ PARADIGM: Journal of Language and Literary Studies Vol 7, No 2 (2024): Paradigm: Journal of Language and Literary Studies ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of English Literature, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang ]]>
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DOI: 10.18860/prdg.v7i2.29330
<![CDATA[This research presents a discussion of the main female character who experienced oppression in the novel The Poppy War by R. F. Kuang. The first part of the analysis describes the forms of oppression experienced by Rin in the novel based on the intersectional perspective. The second part analyses how Rin responded to the oppression that is caused by intersectional identity. This research employed feminist literary criticism as a literary approach. This study focused on oppression that is caused by intersectional identity that occurred to the main female character in The Poppy War novel. The results of this study showed that the types of oppression Rin experienced include marginalization, powerlessness, cultural imperialism, and violence that intersect with gender, race, and class. Rin was marginalized by her foster parents and peers who perceived her as unworthy. They limited her opportunities due to her gender and lower socioeconomic status. She faced powerlessness as her foster parents treated her as a shop girl and forced her to marry an old man due to her status as an orphan girl. She experienced cultural imperialism when she was forced to become a bride at a young age as her foster parents believed in the village culture. The last form of oppression was violence. In this case, she was mocked because of her skin colour, underestimated because of her gender, and kicked off because she originated from a lower-class society. Finally, the study showed that Rin’s response to oppression that is caused by intersectional identity was in the forms of negotiation and self-protection. These responses were carried out to escape from forced marriage, negotiate with her parents, and have more training to revenge the peers in The Poppy War.]]>
<![CDATA[DIFFERENT CONCEPTS OF CYBORGS IN KAZUO ISHIGURO’S KLARA AND THE SUN ]]>
<![CDATA[Apriliani, Defina Dwi]]>;
<![CDATA[Alivin, Mohammad Zaimil]]>
<![CDATA[ PARADIGM: Journal of Language and Literary Studies Vol 7, No 2 (2024): Paradigm: Journal of Language and Literary Studies ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of English Literature, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang ]]>
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DOI: 10.18860/prdg.v7i2.29423
<![CDATA[This study aims to find the difference between the representation of Klara's character and the concept of Cyborg Manifesto by Donna Haraway in the novel Klara and the Sun by Kazuo Ishiguro. This research discusses how Klara engages in the traditional organic family concept without an Oedipal project, without psychological dynamics such as conflict or emotional dependence on parental figures as in humans. It also explores how Klara remains respected despite having no awareness or understanding of the cosmos, a spiritual or philosophical perspective on the universe that is often the basis of human existence. The approaches used are posthumanism and cyborg theory, which highlight the boundary between humans and machines. The results showed important differences in the representation of Klara. This paper finds that Klara, although a cyborg, was able to form deep emotional bonds with humans and was respected for her ability. This is contrary to Haraway's concept that cyborgs are not bound by family structures and are not rewarded for their connection to the environment or cosmos. This analysis contributes to enriching the study of human-technology relations and identity dynamics in the context of posthumanism.]]>
<![CDATA[AN INVESTIGATION OF THE LINGUISTIC FEATURES OF COLLABORATIVELY WRITTEN TEXTS USING GOOGLE JAMBOARD ]]>
<![CDATA[Hentasmaka, Daning]]>;
<![CDATA[Aprilia, Laili Sintiya]]>;
<![CDATA[Puspitasari, Yunita]]>
<![CDATA[ PARADIGM: Journal of Language and Literary Studies Vol 7, No 2 (2024): Paradigm: Journal of Language and Literary Studies ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of English Literature, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang ]]>
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DOI: 10.18860/prdg.v7i2.30777
<![CDATA[Writing is the most challenging skill for students because it takes longer to develop and tends to cause problems, especially with linguistic features that characterize proficient writing. This study investigated the linguistic features of students who did collaborative writing using Google Jamboard and those without the application. A pre-experimental research with static group comparison was implemented. Two pre-existing groups of 34 students each were observed as the study sample. The experimental group wrote collaboratively using Google Jamboard, while the control group did not. The data on students' linguistic features – lexical, orthographic, grammatical – were collected from the collaborative writing results analyzed using the non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test. The analysis showed a significant difference in the mean ranks of the linguistic features between the two groups, in which the group facilitated by Google Jamboard showed superior performance in lexical and grammatical features but not in orthographic features compared to those who were not. Thus, it is suggested that Google Jamboard be implemented in collaborative writing to boost students' development of linguistic features.]]>
<![CDATA[TECHNOLOGY-ENABLED HEROINE: AN ANALYSIS ON WOMAN CYBORG IN ALITA: BATTLE ANGEL FILM ]]>
<![CDATA[Salsabila, Wahdah Kamelia]]>;
<![CDATA[Cahyo, Pujo Sakti Nur]]>
<![CDATA[ PARADIGM: Journal of Language and Literary Studies Vol 7, No 2 (2024): Paradigm: Journal of Language and Literary Studies ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of English Literature, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang ]]>
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DOI: 10.18860/prdg.v7i2.29294
<![CDATA[This study closely examines the character of Alita in the film Alita: Battle Angel to determine whether she represents women’s empowerment. Heroines are often portrayed as powerful and independent figures who challenge traditional gender roles. To analyze Alita's character, this study utilizes Greimas' actantial model of narrative structure and Donna Haraway’s concept of the cyborg from A Cyborg Manifesto. Greimas' model helps dissect the narrative roles and relationships, while Haraway's concept aids in understanding the intersection of technology and gender. The analysis reveals that Alita embodies certain elements of women’s empowerment. She displays physical strength, resilience, and a sense of autonomy that are typically associated with empowered female characters. Alita's journey of self-discovery and her fight against oppressive forces resonate with themes of independence and empowerment. However, a deeper examination of the film's narrative structure and character dynamics uncovers underlying patriarchal elements. Despite Alita's strengths, the film presents a technological hierarchy where male characters, particularly Dr. Dyson Ido and Vector, hold significant control and influence over Alita and other female characters. This dynamic suggests that while Alita is portrayed as a powerful figure, her agency is still constrained within a male-dominated technological framework. Furthermore, the film's depiction of Alita as a cyborg complicates the narrative of empowerment. Haraway's cyborg theory suggests that cyborgs can transcend traditional gender boundaries and challenge patriarchal structures. Yet, in Alita: Battle Angel, the cyborg nature of Alita is used to emphasize her otherness and dependence on male characters for her identity and purpose. This reinforces traditional gender hierarchies rather than subverting them.]]>
