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HAYATI Journal of Biosciences

hayati
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Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor

ISSN : 19783019 EISSN : 20864094 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Earth & Planetary Sciences

HAYATI Journal of Biosciences (HAYATI J Biosci) publishes articles and short communication in tropical bioscience fields such as development, biotechnology, biodiversity and environmental issues. HAYATI J Biosci covers wide range of all life forms topics including virus, microbes, fungi, plants, animal and human. HAYATI J Biosci has been also indexed/registered in Crossref, DOAJ, CABI, EBSCO, Agricola and ProQuest.

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Articles 7 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol. 15 No. 4 (2008): December 2008" : 7 Documents clear

Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) Enriched with Zn as Immunostimulator for Vaginal Candidiasis Patient HERY WINARSI; HERNAYANTI HERNAYANTI; AGUS PURWANTO
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 15 No. 4 (2008): December 2008
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Disturbance on the immune system and deficiency of Zn is two factors which often trigger vaginal candidiasis patient. The aim of the research was to study the effect of virgin coconut oil (VCO) enriched with Zn to the amount of neutrophil and lymphocyte subset cells, and the level of IL-2 and IgG in vaginal candidiasis patient. Thirty women were grouped into three (ten women in each group): A, B and C, and intervened for two months. Women in A group were intervened with two tablespoon/day; those in B group were intervened with one tablespoon/day; while those in C group served as control (placebo). Blood was sampled at baseline time, one and two months after intervention. Hematological test by Micros-OT was done on a part of blood, and the plasma was used for IL-2 and IgG level tests using ELISA. The virgin coconut oil enriched with Zn maintained the number of neutrophil and NK cells, but increased Tc cells from 521 to 649 cells/mm3, increased Th cells from 1.090 to 1.380 cells/mm3. The enriched VCO also increase level of IL-2 from 0.25313 to 0.27337 pg/ml, while the IgG level changed from equivocal to negative. The recommended dosage was one tablespoon each day. Key words: IL-2, IgG, neutrophil, NK, Th and Tc-cells, VCO, Zn

Activity of Ligninolytic Enzymes during Growth and Fruiting Body Development of White Rot Fungi Omphalina sp. and Pleurotus ostreatus HAPPY WIDIASTUTI; SUHARYANTO SUHARYANTO; AGUSTINA WULANINGTYAS; SUTAMIHARDJA SUTAMIHARDJA
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 15 No. 4 (2008): December 2008
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

The activity of ligninolytic enzymes of white rot fungi (WRF) Omphalina sp. and Pleurotus ostreatus was observed during somatic and fruiting body development in solid substrate fermentation using empty fruit bunches of oil palm (EFB). The enzyme activity was dominated by laccase both of Omphalina sp. and P. ostreatus. The laccase activity on somatic phase (mycelium growth) was higher compared to that of fruiting body formation phase. The laccase activity of Omphalina sp. was slightly higher compared to that of P. ostreatus. The peak activity of manganese peroxidase (MnP) for Omphalina sp. was observed two weeks after inoculation, while P. ostreatus had two peaks i.e. two and four weeks after inoculation period. The MnP activity of P. ostreatus was higher compared to that of Omphalina sp. Omphalina sp. growth in EFB did not secrete lignin peroxidase (LiP) in contrast to P. ostreatus. The peak of LiP activity of P. ostreatus was reached two and four weeks after inoculation. The MnP and LiP activities declined during the development of fruiting bodies while laccase increased both in Omphalina sp. and P. ostreatus. It seems that the activities of ligninolytic enzyme profile were regulated in line with developmental phase of growth both in Omphalina sp. and P. ostreatus. Key words: ligninolytic enzyme activity, Omphalina sp., Pleurotus ostreatus, empty fruit bunches of oil palm

Molecular Characterization of Indonesian Indigenous Chickens based on Mitochondrial DNA Displacement (D)-loop Sequences SRI SULANDARI; MOCH SYAMSUL ARIFIN ZEIN; TIKE SARTIKA
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 15 No. 4 (2008): December 2008
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

The Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) displacement (D)-loop sequences were used to study the genetic diversity and relationship of Indonesian indigenous chickens. A total of 483 individuals belonging to 15 population breeds and 43 individuals belonging to 6 populations of jungle fowl (2 populations of Gallus gallus and 4 populations of Gallus varius) were sampled. The hypervariable I (HVI) segment of the D-loop was PCR amplified and subsequently sequenced. The sequences of the first 397 nucleotides were used for analysis. Sixty nine haplotypes were identified from 54 polymorphic sites with polymorphism between nucleotides 167 and 397 contributing to 94.5% of the sequence variation. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that Indonesian indigenous chickens can be grouped into five distinct clades (clade I, II, IIIc, IIId, and IV) of the previously identified seven clades (clade I, II, IIIa, IIIb, IIIc, IIId, and IV) in Asian indigenous chickens. Fifty haplotypes belong to clade II, seven haplotypes are in clade IV, six are in clade IIId, three are in clade I and one haploype is in clade IIIc. There was no breed-specific clade. Analysis of Molecular Variance (AMOVA) based on partial D-loop sequences of Indonesian chicken indicates that 67.85% of the total sequence variation between haplotypes was present within the population and 32.15% between populations. One of the haplotypes (represented by PLC4) was shared by all populations, suggesting that these populations may share the same maternal ancestor. These results show a high mitochondrial D-loop diversity and indicate multiple maternal origins for Indonesian indigenous chickens. Key words: Indonesian indigenous chicken, mitochondrial DNA, D-loop, haplotype, phylogenetic analysis and clade

Development of Domestic Cat Embryo Produced by Preserved Sperms KARTINI ERIANI; ARIEF BOEDIONO; ITA DJUWITA; SONY HERU SUMARSONO; AL-AZHAR AL-AZHAR
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 15 No. 4 (2008): December 2008
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

The ability to mature and fertilize oocytes of endangered species may allow us to sustain genetic and global biodiversity. Epididymis sperms may be the last chance to ensure preservation of genetic materials after injury or death of a valuable animal. Studies have been conducted to determine wether both epididymis sperms and oocytes can be used to produce viable embryos and offspring. The purpose of this study was to determine how long cats sperms contained in epididymis were remain motile and had intact membranes when preserved at 4 oC, and to determine whether such those preserved sperms are able to fertilize oocytes. Epididymis was preserved immediately in phosphate buffer saline at 4 oC for 1, 3, and 6 days. The observation of sperm quality and viability after preservation was performed by vital staining acrosom and Hoechst-Propidium Iodine. Biological functions of sperms were evaluated by in vitro culture technique for fertilization, micro fertilization and embryonic development rate in CR1aa medium. The results showed that average motility of sperms collected from ductus deferens, cauda and corpus epididymis decreased not significantly (P > 0.05) from 0, 1, 3, and 6 days of preservation times (from 83.0%, 80.2%, 79.0%; 80.9%, 75.0%, 75.5%; 52.0%, 63.2%, 55.0% to 34.6%, 34.6%, 33.3%, respectively). The general results showed that sperms from epididymis preserved for 1, 3, and 6 days can be used for IVF. The rate of embryonal cleavage produced by IVF technique using sperms collected from epididymis preserved for 1-, 3- and 6-days were 33.3, 26.7, and 20.0%, respectively and significantly different (P < 0.05) from that of controll (50.0%). In conclusion, sperms contained in epididyimis preserved at 4 oC in PBS (Phospate Buffer Saline) for 1-6 days can be used to IVF and in vitro production of cat embryos. Key words: gamet, preservation, in vitro fertilization

Antibacterial Activity of Propolis Produced by Trigona spp. Against Campylobacter spp. AMIN FATONI; I MADE ARTIKA; AHMAD ENDANG ZAINAL HASAN; KUSWANDI KUSWANDI
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 15 No. 4 (2008): December 2008
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Propolis is believed to have antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and immunostimulating activities. The objective of this study was to investigate the antibacterial activity of ethanol extract propolis (EEP) of Trigona spp. from Bukittinggi West Sumatera against Campylobacter spp. Antibacterial activity of the EEP was measured by disc diffusion method. The compound groups of the propolis were also analyzed on the existence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saphonins, tannins, steroids, and terpenoids. This study revealed that the EEP of Trigona spp. shows an antibacterial activity on Campylobacter spp. The compound groups detected in the EEP were flavonoids and tannins, suggesting that the antibacterial activity of propolis of Trigona spp. may be due to these compounds. Key words: Trigona spp., antibacterial activity, Campylobacter spp

Conservation of Agroecosystem through Utilization of Parasitoid Diversity: Lesson for Promoting Sustainable Agriculture and Ecosystem Health DAMAYANTI BUCHORI; BANDUNG SAHARI; NURINDAH NURINDAH
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 15 No. 4 (2008): December 2008
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

For many years, agricultural intensification and exploitation has resulted in biodiversity loss and threaten ecosystem functioning. Developing strategies to bridge human needs and ecosystem health for harmonization of ecosystem is a major concern for ecologist and agriculturist. The lack of information on species diversity of natural enemies and how to utilize them with integration of habitat management that can renovate ecological process was the main obstacle. Parasitoids, a group of natural enemies, play a very important role in regulating insect pest population. During the last ten years, we have been working on exploration of parasitoid species richness, how to use it to restore ecosystem functions, and identifying key factors influencing host-parasitoid interaction. Here, we propose a model of habitat management that is capable of maintaining agricultural biodiversity and ecosystem functions. We present data on parasitoid species richness and distribution in Java and Sumatera, their population structure and its impact toward biological control, relationship between habitat complexes and parasitoid community, spatial and temporal dynamic of parasitoid diversity, and food web in agricultural landscape. Implications of our findings toward conservation of agroecosystem are discussed. Key words: conservation, agroecosystem, parasitoid, diversity, ecosystem health

Inference on the Possible Causes of Segregation Distortion from Open Pollination Progenies of Merkus Pine (Pinus merkusii) ISKANDAR ZULKARNAEN SIREGAR; TEDI YUNANTO
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 15 No. 4 (2008): December 2008
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Methods of analysis to infer the possible causes of segregation distortion were carried out using single tree progenies of Pinus merkusii. Tests on the progenies of the seed trees showing significant segregation distortion were performed at six gene loci, i.e. GOT-C, GOT-D, PGM-B, SKDH-A, NDH-A, and FDH-A. Results indicated that most fertilisation combination between female and male gametes occurred randomly. This study revealed that 11 out of 17 cases of distortion were detected in both gametes, while the other six were detected only in female gamet. The primary sources of such segregation distortions are discussed regarding to linkage relationships system of mating and post-zygotic viability selection. Key words: Pinus merkusii, segregation distortion, system of mating, viability selection

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INDONESIA