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HAYATI Journal of Biosciences

hayati
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Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor

ISSN : 19783019 EISSN : 20864094 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Earth & Planetary Sciences

HAYATI Journal of Biosciences (HAYATI J Biosci) publishes articles and short communication in tropical bioscience fields such as development, biotechnology, biodiversity and environmental issues. HAYATI J Biosci covers wide range of all life forms topics including virus, microbes, fungi, plants, animal and human. HAYATI J Biosci has been also indexed/registered in Crossref, DOAJ, CABI, EBSCO, Agricola and ProQuest.

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Articles 10 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol. 17 No. 2 (2010): June 2010" : 10 Documents clear

Effect of Mamordica charantia L. Powder on Antioxidant Superoxide Dismutase in Liver and Kidney of Diabetic Rats TUTIK WRESDIYATI; TEGUH SURANTA SINULINGGA; YOLI ZULFANEDI
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 17 No. 2 (2010): June 2010
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

The status of antioxidant superoxide dismutase (SOD) was reported decreased in the liver tissues of diabetic experimental Macaca fascicularis. This study observed effect of Mamordica charantia on the status of SOD in the liver and kidney of diabetic experimental rats. The SOD was localized using immunohistochemical technique. Male Wistar rats of negative control and diabetes mellitus (DM) group treated with 5 and 10% of M. charantia powder for 28 days. The DM condition was achieved by alloxan (110 mg/kg BW) induction. Charantia powder increased the status of antioxidant SOD in the liver and kidney of diabetic experimental rats. Aplication of M. charantia powder 10% gave better results than that of 5%. The results suggested that M. charantia powder can increase the status of antioxidant in the oxidative stress condition, such as diabetes mellitus.

Cloning of araA Gene Encoding L-Arabinose Isomerase from Marine Geobacillus stearothermophilus Isolated from Tanjung Api, Poso, Indonesia DEWI FITRIANI; BUDI SAKSONO
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 17 No. 2 (2010): June 2010
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

L-arabinose isomerase is an enzyme converting D-galactose to D-tagatose. D-tagatose is a potential sweetener-sucrose substitute which has low calorie. This research was to clone and sequence araA gene from marine bacterial strain Geobacillus stearothermophilus isolated from Tanjung Api Poso Indonesia. The amplified araA gene consisted of 1494 bp nucleotides encoding 497 amino acids. DNA alignment analysis showed that the gene had high homology with that of G. stearothermophilus T6. The enzyme had optimum activity at high temperature and alkalin condition.

Partial Purification of Antimicrobial Compounds Isolated from Mycelia of Tropical Lentinus cladopus LC4 LISDAR IDWAN SUDIRMAN
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 17 No. 2 (2010): June 2010
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Lentinus cladopus LC4 produced at least eight antimicrobial compounds (ACs) which are active against plant and human pathogens. Three ACs in its crude mycelial were extracted with methanol and partial purification was carried out with silicic acid column chromatography and by thin layer chromatography (PTLC). The antimicrobial activity was tested by paper disc method and antibiographic method. The chromatography purification eluted with dichloromethane containing 5% methanol gave one active fraction (FII). This fraction which was active against X. campestris pv. glycines and showing two inhibition zones against Bacillus subtilis on bioautographic plates with the Rfs 0.8 and 0.7. FI and FIII fractions eluted with dichloromethane containing 0 and 10% methanol performed one inhibition zone with Rfs 0.8 and 0.7 respectively. However, their activities were lower than that of FII fraction. The PLTC purification gave one separate fraction with Rf value of 0.73 and it was active against X. campestris pv. glycines. The compound of Rf 0.73 fraction should be further studied using TLC and HPLC to obtain the pure substance for molecule characterization.

Morphological Characteristics of Ectomycorrhizas on Merbau [Intsia bijuga (Colebr.) O. Kuntze] JULIUS DWI NUGROHO; IRDIKA MANSUR; AGUS PURWITO; ENDANG SUHENDANG
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 17 No. 2 (2010): June 2010
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Merbau [Intsia bijuga (Colebr.) O. Kuntze] is one of valuable timber tree in south-east Asia which has been known having ectomycorrhizae (EcM) though being ignored. Identification of the ectomycorrizae is prime important for being basis of further studies. This study investigated the EcM fungi associated with Merbau by using both sporocarp morphology and EcM morphotypes. Morphological characters of sporocarps and basidiocarps of the fungi and EcM morphotypes obtained from seedlings and trees from natural and plantation stands of merbau, as well as from nurseries were compared to the description of those resulted from baiting method. Only one species of ectomycorrhizal fungus was found associated with merbau [Intsia bijuga (Colebr.) Kuntze] which has not been described yet. The fungus formed mycorrhizae with monopodial pinnate branching. The fungus was identified belonging to the genus of Scleroderma. The fungus was more common to occur beneath merbau seedlings than trees. The sporocarps may be yielded under greenhouse condition and could be cultured in MMN agar media, thus it facilitates to the production of inoculums used for further studies.

Characterization of Endophytic Diazotroph Bacteria Isolated from Rice JOKO PRAYITNO; BARRY ROLFE
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 17 No. 2 (2010): June 2010
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Attempt to extend the biological nitrogen fixation to important crops such as rice has been conducted by isolating endophytic diazotrophs from rice rhizosphere and roots. In this study, three bacterial isolates of R2, R4, and E4 isolated from rice-legume rotation in the Nile Delta Egypt and four bacterial isolates of R38-O, R38-T, R53, and R58 isolated from wild rice in the Philippines were characterized using classical methods of bacterial identification and using biochemical test kits (API20E and API20NE). R2 and R4 isolates were identified as Rhizobium sp., E4 isolate was identified as Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii, and R38-T, R53, and R58 isolates were identified as Sphingomonas, Azospirillum, and Agrobacterium, respectively. Of all Rhizobium isolates, only E4 could form nodules on legumes other than their original host berseem clover (Trifolium alexandrum L.) as their original host.

Effect of Paracoccus sp. and their Genetically Modified on Skin Coloration of Red Sea Bream AGUS KURNIA; SHUICHI SATOH; SATOSHI HANZAWA
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 17 No. 2 (2010): June 2010
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Astaxanthin (Asx) content in the skin of red sea bream was observed in a feeding trial with two Asx sources: marine bacteria (Paracoccus sp.) and Asx concentrated marine bacteria modified genetically (GM marine bacteria). Four semi purified diets were prepared and contained two levels of marine bacteria (15 and 30 mg Asx/kg), 30 mg Asx/kg of GM marine bacteria and control diet without additional Asx. The diets were fed to fourteen fish of red sea bream (initial weight 128.5 g) which were randomly distributed in each 60-l glass tank. Asx content in the skin of fish fed on non-GM marine bacteria diets were higher than that of fish fed on GM marine bacteria. Additionally, Asx accumulation in the skin of fish fed on diet of non-GM marine bacteria containing 15 mg Asx/kg diet was higher than those fish fed on diet supplemented with 30 mg Asx/kg of GM marine bacteria. The results showed that by adding the supplement of Asx derived from marine bacteria (Paracoccus sp.) to the red sea bream diets might enhance the skin coloration of red sea bream and the other carotenoids contained in marine bacteria might also enhance the coloration.

Phytochemical Assay and Antiplatelet Activity of Fractions of Velvet Bean Seeds (Mucuna pruriens L.) WAHYU WIDOWATI; HANA RATNAWATI; UDJU DJUNAEDI RUSDI; WAHYU WINARNO; VICTOR IMMANUEL
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 17 No. 2 (2010): June 2010
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Platelet aggregation is an important factor contributing to the formation of thrombus due to an uncontrolled blood clotting. An antiplatelet agent is a compound which decreases platelet aggregation and inhibits thrombus formation. The objectives of this study were to determine the class of compound employing phytochemical assay and to determine the in vitro antiplatelet activity of four fraction, namely hexane, ethyl acetate, butanol, and water fractions of velvet bean seeds (Mucuna pruriens L.) using epinephrine (EPN) as agonist of platelet aggregation. The antiplatelet activities were tested in human platelet rich plasma with hyperaggregation. To determine the activities, EPN was arranged at 4 level of concentrations (300, 150, 75, and 30 μM), and antiplatelet agents were at 500 µg/ml. The results indicated that ethyl acetate, butanol and water fraction contained high flavonoids and moderate phenols. The water, butanol and ethyl acetate fractions of velvet bean seeds exhibited potential inhibition of EPN-induced platelet aggregation at all concentrations. The strongest antiplatelet agent was water fraction and had the same antiplatelet activity as aspirin at level 150, 75, and 30 μM of EPN. Butanol fraction had the same antiplatelet activity as aspirin at the lowest EPN (30 μM).

Developing of Tris Soy Milk Diluent for Frisian Holstein Bull Frozen Semen RADEN IIS ARIFIANTINI; TUTY LASWARDI YUSUF
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 17 No. 2 (2010): June 2010
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Commercial artificial insemination (AI) companies in the beginning of year 2000, introduced new generation of cryoprotectans with lecithin based diluents such as Biociphos (IMV, L’Aigle, France) and Andromed® (Minitub, Germany). Since the commercial diluents were imported, they were often not readily available. This research aimed to develop Tris-soy modified diluent, and investigated its effects on the quality and fertility of Frisian Holstein (FH) bulls frozen semen. This research consists of two experiments. At first, we compared the FH Bull frozen semen quality in modified tris soy milk (TSM), Andromed® and Tris-eggyolk (TEY) diluents, the second was the fertility trials of the frozen semen. Results of the experiment demostrated that post thawed sperm motility in the semen preserved with TEY (49.10%) or Andromed® (50.21%) was significantly higher (P = 0.037) than that preserved with TSM (41.53%). In contrast, the conception rates in cows inseminated with semen preserved with TSM, TEY, and Andromed® were 53.84% (7/13), 38.88% (5/13), and 38.46% (7/19), respectively. We are optimistic that TSM diluents will have similar qualities as TEY and Andromed® on preserving frozen semen by doing future intensive studies.

Compost Extracts of Vegetable Wastes as Biopesticide to Control Cucumber Mosaic Virus WIWIEK SRI WAHYUNI; ARIE MUDJIHARJATI; NIKEN SULISTYANINGSIH
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 17 No. 2 (2010): June 2010
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

In semiaerobic conditions, different composting processes of vegetable wastes have different characteristics. When compost extracts amended with the effective microorganism-4 (EM4, +E) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa Ch1 (+B) stored for 40 days, the bacteria population and P-content increased. Tobacco plants treated with compost extracts amended with +E+B and [+E+B] directly to organic materials and inoculated with Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) both sprayed or watered applications reduced the disease severity. This is due to the higher bacteria population in the root and rhizosphere, particularly the activities of P. aeruginosa Ch1 as plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) rather than the activities of bacteria from EM4. The role of P. aeruginosa Ch1 to induce resistance of the plants to CMV was suggested by producing siderophores under the limited Fe conditions,17-20 ppm.

Identification and Molecular Characterization of Odontoglosum Ringspot Virus (ORSV) from Bogor, Indonesia IRWAN LAKANI; GEDE SUASTIKA; NURHAJATI MATTJIK; TRI ASMIRA DAMAYANTI
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 17 No. 2 (2010): June 2010
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Recently, field surveys were conducted in several orchid nurseries in Bogor (West Java), Magelang (Central Java) and Malang (East Java). We found that most of the commercially orchids sampled from Bogor was infected by virus-like disease. The symptoms depend on the orchid species. Thus, the symptoms varied such as mottle, mosaic and necrotic flecks either on the leaves or on the flowers. Similiar symptoms were not found in samples obtained from Central Java and East Java. A Tobamo-like virus was inferred to be possible cause of the viral disease-like symptoms. Serological test of the samples by ELISA showed positive against Odontoglosum Ringspot Virus (ORSV) antibody and was negative against Cymbidium Mosaic Virus (CyMV) antibody. Total RNA was extracted from symptomatic plants and RT-PCR was carried out by using a pair of coat protein (CP) gene primer of ORSV. It was successfully amplified a 500 bp of DNA fragment and it was directly sequenced. The nucleotide sequence of CP gene had confirmed the identity of ORSV. Phylogenetic analysis based on the CP nucleotide sequences were grouped into only one major cluster. The ORSV isolate from Bogor (Sd 21) and the other isolates were clustered in the same group and had highest nucleotide homology (99%). These results provide first evidence of ORSV infecting orchids in Bogor, Indonesia.

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