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MEDIA PETERNAKAN - Journal of Animal Science and Technology

mediapeternakan
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Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor

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Core Subject : Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

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Articles 10 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol. 38 No. 2 (2015): Media Peternakan" : 10 Documents clear

Crop-Cattle Integrated Farming System: An Alternative of Climatic Change Mitigation . Munandar; Fitra Gustiar; . Yakup; R. Hayati; A. I. Munawar
Media Peternakan Vol. 38 No. 2 (2015): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

An integrated farming system is one of the alternatives for climatic change mitigation. This paper reports the application of corn-cattle based integrated farming system in Agrotechno Park Center of Palembang, and discusses its impact on CO2 fixation and the reduction of methane emissions. The study was based on the data of the first 6 yr from 2003 until 2009. The CO2 fixed in the soil and plants was determined based on the content of organic C which was multiplied by the index of 3.67. The methane gas produced by Balinese cattle and its dung was observed and modified into feed rations. The results showed that soil organic C increased from 40.80 tons C/ha in the 1st yr to 66.40 tons C/ha in the 6th yr. In addition, there was organic C fixation equivalent to 93.95 tons of CO2e. Corn biomass increased from 6.67 tons/ha to 18.66 tons/ha, equivalent to an increase in the fixation of atmospheric CO2e as much as 19.80 tons CO2e/ha. The supplementation of 60%-80% grass fodder with concentrate lowered the concentration of methane gas in cattle breathing by 28.7%, from 617 ppm to 440 ppm, while the methane emissions from cattle manure decreased by 31%, from 1367 mL/head/d to 943 mL/head/d. Installing a bio digester that generates biogas served to accommodate methane gas emissions from cattle dung and used it for bioenergy. Composting reduced the formation of methane gas from cattle manure through a regular process of turning over that gives aeration and forms aerobic condition in the heap of cattle dung. Recycling produces a variety of organic products that store carbon for a longer period of time and slowed the conversion of organic C into CO2. This study showed that the diverse activities of an integrated crop-cattle farming could be an alternative solution to climatic change mitigation.Key words: integrated farming, mitigation, organic C, methane, recycling

Productivity and Nutrient Quality of Some Sorghum Mutant Lines at Different Cutting Ages Rizki Eka Puteri; Panca Dewi Manu Hara Karti; Luki Abdullah; . Supriyanto
Media Peternakan Vol. 38 No. 2 (2015): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

The objective of the study was to explore the appropriate cutting age to produce optimal biomass and good nutrient quality from sorghum mutant lines BMR i.e., PATIR 3.5 M7, PATIR 3.6 M7, and PATIR 3.7 M7, also SAMURAI I (M17). A completely randomized in Split Plot design with 2 factors and 3 replicates was used. The first factor was the type of sorghum (SAMURAI I M17, PATIR 3.5, PATIR 3.6, PATIR 3.7) as the main plot and the second factor was the cutting age (85, 95, 105) as a subplot. Parameters observed were the production of stems, leaves, grains, total biomass production, ash, crude fat, crude fiber, crude protein, NFE, TDN, percentage of DMD, OMD and N-NH3. Data were analyzed by using ANOVA followed by DMRT (Duncan Multiple Range Test). The results showed that there were highly significant interactions (P<0.01) between cutting age and type of sorghum in production of stems, leaves, grains, total biomass production, value of TDN, DMD, OMD, and N-NH3. Increasing cutting age significantly increased the percentage of ash content, crude protein and crude fat. The sorghum type significantly affected crude fat content nonBMR sorghum variety of SAMURAI I (M17) and achieved optimal biomass production and nutrient content at cutting age of 85 d similar to BMR sorghum mutant lines PATIR 3.6 and PATIR 3.5, whereas BMR sorghum mutant lines of PATIR 3.7 achieved optimum production at the age of 95 d of cutting. All types of sorghum varieties was not recommended to be harvested at 105 d. Biomass production increased with the increasing of cutting age, but the nutrient content decreased.Key words: cutting age, mutant, sorghum

Comparative Study of Milk Production and Feed Efficiency Based on Farmers Best Practices and National Research Council Dewi Ayu Lestari; Luki Abdullah; . Despal
Media Peternakan Vol. 38 No. 2 (2015): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

This study aimed to compare local dairy farmer ration formula with national research council in producing higher feed efficiency and milk production. This study had two stages. The first stage was in vitro study of dairy farmer rations which have different raw materials (R3, R4, and R5) with NRC based ration (R2) and Demo Farm ration (R1). The variables measured in this stage were proximate composition, volatile fatty acid, ammonia, dry matter and organic matter digestibility. The first stage used a randomized block design with five treatments, three groups of ruminal fluid, and three replications. The second stage used nine lactating cows with three periods of lactation (one, three, and other) and used a randomized block design with three treatments, three groups, and one replication. Parameters measured were dry matter intake, manure score, milk production, body weight gain, body condition score, and technical and economical efficiencies. The first stage result showed that R1, R2, and R3 were three best rations in nutrient composition and fermentability (ammonia and volatile fatty acid concentrations were optimum for microbial growth and high digestibility), so in conclusion those three rations were the best rations and should be compared by in vivo method. The result of the second stage showed that all tested rations were not significantly different in milk production, performance and efficiency, so in conclusion those three rations have the same quality.Key words: dairy cattle, milk production, profitability, rations test

Utilization of Mungbean’s Green House Fodder and Silage in the Ration for Lactating Dairy Cows Rika Zahera; Idat Galih Permana; . Despal
Media Peternakan Vol. 38 No. 2 (2015): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Green house fodder (GHF) is high quality forage that is produced by hydroponic vertical farming system in green house in short time. Silage is also high quality feed that is available all year rounds. The research aimed to evaluate productivity and nutritive value of mungbean’s GHF and its supplementation effect with and without silages based ration on dairy cow performances. The research was divided into two experiments. The first experiment studied the seed density (A1= 1.5 kg/m2; A2= 2.5 kg/m2; A3= 3.5 kg/m2) in bioslurry:ABmix 25:75 media as nutrient solution and used randomized block design. The second experiment studied mungbean’s GHF supplementation that used twelve lactating dairy cows with 2 x 2 randomized factorial block design 2 x 2. Factor 1 compared silages utilization (S0= without silages; S1= silages) and factor 2 tested mungbean’s GHF supplementation level (G0= 0% DM; G1= 5% DM). The results showed that A1 produced the highest biomass conversion (5.27). GHF had high digestibility and fermentability indicated that GHF had potential as dairy feed. Supplementation of GHF increased nutrient intake. Silage is a high quality feed, so that GHF supplementation did not give significant effects on nutrient digestibility and milk production. It can be concluded that the low seed density (1.5 kg/m2) had high productivity and nutrition quality, and its supplementation increased nutrient intake, but did not affect nutrient digestibility and milk production.Key words: green house fodder, mungbean, bioslurry, dairy cow, silages

Ovarian Dynamic in Ongole Grade Cattle after GnRH Injection in Ovsynch Protocol Based on Progesterone Device Muhammad Imron; Iman Supriatna; . Amrozi; Muhammad Agus Setiadi
Media Peternakan Vol. 38 No. 2 (2015): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

PO cattle have weaknesses to show clear estrus signs which cause difficulty in artificial insemination implementation. The present study was designed to obtain ovarian dynamic as effect of GnRH injection in ovsynch protocol based on progesterone intravaginal device. Heifers (18) and cows (n= 12) were allocated to one of three groups. Cuemate-PGF2α (CP) group inserted with a Cuemate on day 0-7 and injected with prostaglandin on day 7. Cuemate-PGF2α-GnRH (CPG) group was treated as CP group with the addition of GnRH injection on day 9. GnRH-Cuemate-PGF2α-GnRH (GCPG) group was treated as CPG group with addition of GnRH injection on day 0. Ultrasonography was performed on days 0-3, day 7 until ovulation and 7 days after ovulation. Percentage of ovulation synchronization increased significantly (P<0.01) between CP, CPG, and GCPG, respectively, both in heifers (16%, 50%, and 85%, respectively) and cows (0%, 60%, and 100%, respectively), on day 11. Preovulatory follicle diameters between CP, CPG, and GCPG treatments were not different significantly both in heifers (11.9±0.5, 11.9±0.5, and 12.1±0.6 mm, respectively) and cows (11.7±0.4, 11.8±0.7, and 11.1±0.6 mm, respectively). This study concluded that GCPG protocol increased the synchrony of ovulation rate both in cows and heifers, without affecting the follicle preovulatory and CL diameters.Key words: ovarian dynamic, GnRH, ovsych, PO Cattle

Milk Yield, Somatic Cell Count, and Udder Measurements in Holstein Cows at Different Lactation Number and Months Ayhan Ceyhan; Mahmut Çinar; Ugur Serbester
Media Peternakan Vol. 38 No. 2 (2015): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of lactation number and months on milk yield, somatic cell count (SCC) and udder measurements in Holstein cows. In the study, 30 first lactation and 49 second lactation, totally 79 Holstein cows housing in a farm located in Nigde province (Turkey) were used. Somatic cell count and udder measurements were determined at each visit of the farm per months, while lactation milk yield of each animal was calculated using Test Interval Method. It was observed that the effect of lactation number on lactation milk yield (P<0.01) and SCC (P<0.05) was increased significantly. The effect of lactation number on udder measurements was significant (P<0.01) except front teat length (FTD). Influence of lactation months on milk yield and SCC was increased and statistically significant (P<0.01). The effect of lactation months on distance between front teats (DFT), distance between rear teats (DRT), front teat diameter (FTD), rear teat diameter (RTD) was significant (P<0.01). A negative correlation was found between SCC and milk yield, front teat clearance from ground (FTC) and rear teat clearance from ground (RTC). On the other hand, a positive correlation was also evident between RTD and distance between front and rear teats. Furthermore, there were positive correlation between milk yield and DFT, DFR, DRT, and FTD, whereas a negative correlation was observed between milk yield and FTC. In conclusion, cows in second lactation showed importantly increased milk yield and SCC as compared to cows in first lactation, whereas FTC and RTC decreased and other udder measurements increased.Key words: Holstein cow, lactation, milk yield, somatic cell count, udder measurement

Selection of Lactic Acid Bacteria as Probiotic Candidate for Chicken Fathin Hamida; Komang G Wiryawan; Anja Meryandini
Media Peternakan Vol. 38 No. 2 (2015): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) regarded as safe microorganisms; they can naturally live in gastrointestinal tract, so appropriately used as a probiotic for chicken. This study aimed to select six isolates of LAB (E1223, E3, E4, E5, E7, and E8) to obtain the isolates potentially as probiotic candidate for chicken. The six isolates were derived from spontaneous fermented corn obtained from Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Biomedical, PPSHB, Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia. LAB isolates were tested their susceptibility to antibiotics (bambermycin, erythromycin, chloramphenicol, and tetracycline) then were examined in vitro for their tolerance to gastrointestinal pH (2, 3, 4, and 7.2) and 0.5% bile salt condition, antimicrobial activity against Salmonella enteritidis and Enterococcus casseliflavus, and ability to adhere to chicken ileal cells. The results showed the isolates E5, E7, and E8 were sensitive to tetracycline and chloramphenicol, they could survive at pH 2, 3, 4, and 7.2, could survive at 0.5% bile salts, produced antimicrobial activity, and able to adhere to ileal cells (9.40±0.00 Log CFU/cm2 of E8) and were significantly (P<0.05) higher than those of control (5.30±0.14 Log CFU/cm2). In conclusion, this study showed that isolate E8 had better potential compared to isolates E5 and E7 in most in vitro assays as a probiotic candidate for chicken. E5, E7, and E8 were closely related with Pediococcus pentosaceus based on 16S rRNA gene.Key words: LAB, probiotic, chicken, in vitro

Characteristics of Se’i (Rotenesse Smoked Meat) Treated with Coconut Shell Liquid Smoked and Citrus aurantifolia Extract Gemini E.M. Malelak; G.M. Sipahelut; I.G.N. Jelantik; M.R. Deno Ratu; H.J.D. Lalel
Media Peternakan Vol. 38 No. 2 (2015): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of Citrus aurantifolia extract (CAE), coconut shell liquid smoke (CSLS) and the combination of CAE and CSLS (CACS) on se’i characteristics. A completely randomized design was assigned in this experiment. Treatments used were: se’i treated with 5% (v/v) CAE, CSLS 5% (v/v), (CAE : CSL 1:1) )/ (CACS) and untreated se’i as a control (C). Parameters measured were: aroma, color, taste, pH, residual nitrite, total bacterial count, Coliform, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella. The data of aroma, color, and taste were analyzed by using Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Mann-Whitney test. The pH, residual nitrite, and bacterial data were analyzed with analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by least significant differences test. Results showed that CAE caused the highest score at both aroma and taste (P<0.05). CSLS caused the lowest residual nitrite (27 ppm) (P<0.05). Application of CAE and CACS could reduce total bacteria (P<0.05) at least 1 log. Color, pH, and Coliform number were not significantly different. S. aureus, E. coli, and Salmonella were negative in all se’i samples. CAE gives the best organoleptics and bacteriological characteristics while CSLS is more effective in reducing nitrite.Key words: Citrus aurantifolia extract, coconut shell liquid smoke, se’i, smoked beef

Identification of a Single Nucleotide Polymorphism at Hinf-1 Enzyme Restriction Site of Pit-1 Gene on Indonesian Bali Cattle Population Jakaria Jakaria; Ronny R Noor
Media Peternakan Vol. 38 No. 2 (2015): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

This study aimed to determine the Pit-1|Hinf-1 gene polymorphism in Bali cattle (Bos javanicus) as Indonesian native cattle and besides Madura, Pesisir, Aceh, and Katingan cattle breeds as a comparison. DNA samples were extracted from 488 blood samples consisting of Bali (245 heads), Madura (68 heads), Aceh (25 heads), Pesisir (100 heads) and Katingan (50 heads) cattle. The diversity of the Pit-1|Hinf-1 gene wasere analyzed using PCR-RFLP. Whereas the nucleotide base mutations were identified by sequencing. Genotyping data were analyzed by calculating the allele frequency, observed heterozygosity (Ho) and expected heterozygosity (He) values as well as Hardry-Weinberg equilibrium test using POPGENE 1.31 program. Whereas, Tthe sequence data were analyzed by using MEGA6 program. The Pit-1|Hinf-1 gene fragment analysis showed that Bali, Madura, Pesisir, Aceh, and Katingan cattle had high BB genotype, resulting in B allele frequency of 0.982, 0.963, 0.925, 0.960, and 0.960, respectively. Ho and He values were 0.074-0.130 and 0.036-0.139, respectively. Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium test did not significant for all breed populations, except for Aceh cattle population (P<0.05). Mutation from guanine (G) to adenine (A) was found in Pit-1 gene fragment. Therefore, Pit-1|Hinf-1 gene fragment had low genetic diversity in Bali cattle and other breeds population.Key words: Bali cattle, Pit-1|Hinf-1 gene, polymorphism

Identification of Rabbit Myostatin Gene Polymorphisms Tya I Amalianingsih; B. Brahmantiyo; . Jakaria
Media Peternakan Vol. 38 No. 2 (2015): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

The existence of selection on the rabbits with potential for meat has only been seen from phenotypic aspects including performance and productivity, while the molecular genetic studies are still very rare. One of the candidate genes for meat production traits in rabbit is myostatin. Totally 50 blood samples of male rabbits from Rex, Satin, Reza (crossing from Rex and Satin), Flemish Giant and FZ3 (crossing from Flemish Giant and Reza) breed were used at Indonesian Research Institute for Animal Production (IRIAP). Genetic polymorphism by Polymerase Chain Reaction – Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method used FspBI restriction enzyme. PCR-RFLP data were analyzed by calculating allele and genotype frequencies. Sequencing was performed in rabbit with different genotypes which represents each of the samples. Genotype of AT had two cut points of the FspBI restriction enzyme at the base position of 508 bp and 444 bp. The cut point at the base position of 446 bp was site mutation base T became A. Genotype of TT had one cut point at the base position of 508 bp and no mutation site. Allele T had higher frequency than allele A and just Rex and Reza rabbit breeds had two alleles. The other rabbits (Satin, Flemish Giant and FZ3) only had one allele i.e., allele T. PCR - RFLP analysis of the MSTN|FspBI gene segments was polymorphic in Rex and Reza rabbit breeds. All of rabbit breeds in this study did not have AA genotype.Key words: myostatin gene, rabbit

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